Domestic Market Research Articles

Effect of Grain Corridor Agreement on Grain Prices

This study investigates the impact of the Grain Corridor Agreement (GCA), particularly in the aftermath of the Russia–Ukraine conflict, on the prices of major grains (wheat, maize, and barley), pivotal for global sustenance. By delineating three significant shocks: the initiation of the conflict, the enforcement of the GCA, and Russia's subsequent withdrawal from it, we employ an Integrated GARCH (IGARCH) model to investigate the impact of the Russia–Ukraine conflict on grain prices. Our empirical findings reveal that all grain prices surged at the onset of the conflict, with barley experiencing the most pronounced increase. Additionally, volatility escalated across all grain prices during the conflict's inception, albeit subsiding upon the implementation of the GCA. Price volatility spiked initially but decreased with the GCA's enforcement. The evidence suggests that the conflict is driving up world grain prices and causing global vulnerability, and that conciliatory policies such as the GCA offer a short-term solution. However, long-term strategies should focus on reducing external dependence by reviewing agricultural policies and promoting domestic production. Moreover, policymakers are advised to consider both domestic and global market vulnerabilities when designing sound policies. Highlights International grain prices (wheat, maize and barley) spiked during the onset of the ongoing Russia–Ukraine conflict. The conflict triggered an international response to resume safe maritime humanitarian transportation of agricultural grains via GCA. We develop an empirical framework to assess the impact of the Russia–Ukraine conflict on grain prices. Empirical findings indicate that Russia–Ukraine conflict increased all grain prices.

Биоактивные вещества геропротекторной направленности

People are constantly exposed to adverse environmental factors that affect their health. If combined with hereditary predisposition, they may lead to gerontological changes that reduce healthy and working life expectancy. Some measures can prevent premature aging, e.g., a balanced diet or biologically active anti-aging substances also called geroprotectors. This article reviews biologically active geroprotectors with a view to select promising components for novel biologically active additives and functional foods. The review covered five years of Russian research articles and patents on biologically active anti-aging agents indexed in the National Center for Biotechnology Information, ScienceDirect, eLIBRARY.RU, and the database of the Federal Institute of Industrial Property. The domestic market demonstrates a growing demand for biologically active supplements: in 2023, it increased by 10% in value terms as consumers’ interest in a healthy and long life continues to grow. The review also included quality criteria for biologically active anti-ageing agents, e.g., such plant metabolites as vitamins, polyphenols, antioxidants, adaptogens, peptides, etc. Thymalin, epithalamin, dasatinib, and epithalon are available on the domestic market. The list of potential anti-aging agents includes ethylamine, carnosine, glutathione, ubiquinone, curcumin, rutin, quercetin, resveratrol, senolytics, and sirutins. These biologically active substances prevent oxidative stress, accumulation of lipofuscin, and senescent cells. The most effective anti-aging agents come from Vitis amurensis, Rhodiola rosea, Schisandra chinensis, Galega officinalis, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Withania somnifera, and Panax ginseng.

Совершенствование системы государственных закупок в целях обеспечения экономической безопасности в условиях внешнего экономического давления

The external impact of unfriendly countries on the Russian economy in order to destabilize it largely determines the strategies for ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation in the long term. An effective tool for improving economic security can be the public procurement system, provided that the internal competition of Russian producers is maintained, as well as ensuring control over the procurement system by the state and society. The article studies the problem of the need to improve the mechanism of public procurement in order to enhance Russia’s economic security in the conditions of sanctions pressure. The relevance and novelty of the study are determined by the increasing volume of purchases made to meet state and municipal needs, the need to expand the domestic market and stimulate the development of entrepreneurship. The external impact of unfriendly countries on the Russian economy in order to destabilize it largely determines the strategies for ensuring economic security of the Russian Federation in the long term. The system of public procurement can be an effective tool to improve economic security, provided that the internal competition of Russian manufacturers is maintained and the procurement system is controlled by the state and society.

Regular domestic air passenger market dynamics: The Brazilian case

Brazil occupies a prominent position as one of the largest domestic air passenger markets globally. In May 2019, OAG Aviation Worldwide Limited (OAG), a renowned global travel data provider, ranked Brazil as the world’s 6th largest domestic market. This study identifies and meticulously analyses statistical trends in how service levels affect passenger demand on domestic air routes in Brazil. To that end, it employs a panel-data gravity model incorporating service as an instrumental variable. The findings confirm the influence of traditional gravity explanatory variables, while also contributing novel insights into the impact of service levels on domestic routes. The analysis reveals that, while factors such as income and distance play a fundamental role in shaping domestic demand, level of service emerges as a crucial determinant on regional connections. Overall, the statistics suggest growing divergences between Brazilian airlines and regional air transport. Accordingly, substantial changes are necessary in both government policies and the services offered by the airline industry in order to harness the full potential of Brazil’s domestic air transport passenger market and foster regional development.

Развитие экологического туризма в регионе: холистический подход к управлению стратегическими коммуникациями

In recent decades, there has been a change in the system of tourism development and its gradual integration into the socio-economic space of the regions of the Russian Federation, which requires comprehensive work with goals, risks, and target audiences and involves the use of strategic communication based on a holistic approach. The purpose of the article is to present the concept of the strategy and practice of regional ecological tourism development from the point of view of holistic marketing and strategic management. The issue reflects increased competition between Russian regions for leading positions in the domestic market and the attraction of incoming tourists. The empirical basis of the study is based on holistic marketing and analysis of ecological tourism indicators in the regions over time. The authors of the article conducted a study of modern approaches to the use of strategic communication in the development of ecological tourism in the Ural Federal District of the Russian Federation, as well as the identification of possible development vectors. In the article, the researchers assessed the impact of strategic communication on the ecological tourism management system at the regional level and also determined the role of strategic communication in management decision-making, as well as the use of technologies and tools to minimize risks. Based on the analysis carried out by the authors of the article, a model of strategic communication was developed to achieve the key goal, i.e., the effective development of ecological tourism in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The interaction between manufacturer encroachment and gray market

With the rapid development of retail platforms, many manufacturers use retail platforms to encroach into the retail market (i.e., a type manufacturer encroachment) and gray market is increasingly prevalent in various industries. This paper considers a manufacturer who directly sells product 1 in the domestic market and sells product 2 through an incumbent retailer in the overseas market and a gray marketer can divert product 1 across markets without authorized (we call it gray market). In this paper, we examine the interaction between manufacturer encroachment and gray market. We find that when the domestic price of product 1 is sufficiently low, the gray marketer can successfully enter the overseas market without and with encroachment. Second, regardless of whether there is a gray market threat, the manufacturer has an incentive to encroach through retail platform when the commission rate is low. Moreover, the manufacturer’s incentive to encroach varies with the domestic price of product 1 and gray market threat. Finally, manufacturer encroachment can reduce the scale of the gray market and even eliminate the gray market under certain conditions. The gray marketer always suffers from manufacturer encroachment while the retailer can benefit from manufacturer encroachment.

A route towards modern, creative and innovative services as a contribution to sustainable development: The case of Tourism in Costa Rica

Costa Rica, due to the characteristics of its territory, can offer modern, creative and innovative services in its tourism, based on knowledge, that use high technology and/or have qualified labor. Data from the BCCR indicates that, in the last decade, the percentage of tourism contribution to GDP was approximately 5%, therefore, a route is presented for sustainable and inclusive development, which enables quality jobs and promotes better redistribution of wealth among the inhabitants, framed with the commitment to the SDGs, adequate control of the macroeconomic variables of the domestic and international market; and changing the general tourism law, with the aim to have an activity governing body oriented to better coordination and management and its contribution to development.

Tree nuts demand analysis using the LA-AIDS model: A case of the Indian economy paradox

India is one of the world's largest producers of tree nuts, yet it paradoxically remains a net importer of these commodities. This study aims to analyze the demand for imported tree nuts in India, motivated by the need to understand the factors contributing to this imbalance. The primary objective is to calculate income elasticities and own- and cross-price elasticities for five categories of imported tree nuts using the linear approximate almost ideal demand system model. Data is sourced from monthly import records from the United Nations Comtrade database covering 2014 to 2022. The tree nuts considered are almonds, cashews, pistachios, walnuts, and hazelnuts. Key findings reveal all imported tree nuts are normal goods. Cashews exhibit income elasticity (1.2), indicating a significant demand increase with rising incomes, while other nuts show income inelasticity. Cashews are price-elastic (−1.3), while other nuts are price-inelastic. Compensated cross-price elasticities indicate notable substitution effects, particularly between almonds and cashews. The study recommends enhancing domestic cashew production to meet growing demand and developing targeted marketing strategies to address competitive dynamics within the tree nut market. These strategies aim to reduce India's dependency on imports and promote a balanced, sustainable domestic market.

ОЩАДЛИВЕ ВИРОБНИЦТВО: ІННОВАЦІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВОМ

The main problem is that the implementation of lean production requires not only technical changes, but also significant transformations in the organizational culture of the enterprise. Many Kazakhstani industrial enterprises face difficulties in the integration of lean principles due to the low level of awareness of management and personnel, insufficient training of personnel, as well as resistance to change, which is characteristic of many organizations. The purpose of the article is to research innovative approaches to the management of industrial enterprises by implementing the principles of lean production, as well as to develop a methodology that would facilitate the effective application of these principles in practice. The object of the study is the management processes of industrial enterprises in the context of the implementation of the principles of lean production. The methodological basis of the research was the logical methods of information processing, statistical analysis, comparison. The main hypothesis of the study is that innovations in the management of industrial enterprises, based on the principles of lean production, ensure the effective functioning of the enterprise in the long term due to the integration of the latest management practices that take into account the specifics of the domestic market and available resources. Presenting main material. The study covers the study of existing management practices, personnel training methods, and organizational culture transformation necessary for the successful implementation of lean manufacturing. Lean manufacturing is a modern concept of production process management aimed at reducing costs, improving product quality, and satisfying consumer needs. This approach, which was developed in Japan, in particular at the enterprises of the Toyota company, is now widely used all over the world, including Ukrainian industrial enterprises. Implementation of the principles of lean production requires not only technical changes, but also significant transformations in the organizational culture of enterprises, which is a complex and multi-stage process. Originality and practical significance of the research. In practice, the successful implementation of lean manufacturing requires a comprehensive approach that includes both technical and organizational measures. One of the key aspects is the adaptation of the best global practices to the specifics of a particular enterprise. For example, heavy industry may require longer staff training and a more thorough approach to change planning. Conclusions. The implementation of lean production is a strategic step that allows to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise, to ensure its sustainable development and successful functioning in the conditions of the modern economy.

Measuring dynamic supply chain risks for the offshoring decision in the post‐COVID‐19 era: A longitudinal study

AbstractIn times of prolonged economic doldrums across the globe, multinational firms (MNFs) offshoring blunders can undermine their competitiveness in the marketplace. To help the MNF formulate a more resilient offshoring strategy and identify the most desirable offshoring destination, this article aims to identify dynamic risk factors that significantly hinder the efficiency of offshoring and then measure specific offshoring risks over time using two different versions of data envelopment analysis (DEA) models and Malmquist productivity index (MPI). After assessing the degree of risk resiliency of the offshoring host countries over extended periods and then conducting Tobit regression analysis to identify key factors that significantly influence offshoring risks, we found that the host country's logistics efficiency (i.e., logistics performance index [LPI]) and domestic market size were critical indicators of offshoring success in that country. Since low‐cost sourcing countries (LCCs) tend to have relatively low LPIs and smaller domestic market sizes, they are not attractive offshoring destinations. This finding defies conventional wisdom. This article is one of the first longitudinal studies to assess the comprehensive risk resilience of 87 different offshoring destinations (countries) during multiple periods (6‐year span).

Trends and prospects for the development of e-commerce in the Republic of Kazakhstan

In recent years e-commerce has begun to play a significant role in the development of a market economy. Every year, its influence grows, changing the surrounding market infrastructure and people's attitude to the new conditions of digital commerce. The purpose of the article is to determine the features and prospects of the development of e-commerce in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The domestic online sales market is considered as an object of research. The paper analyzes the current state of the e-commerce market, identifies the main trends and prospects for its development. The dynamics of the development of e-commerce in the period from 2016-2022 is presented, the main factors that have a positive impact on the growth of e-commerce, such as a high level of digitalization, the development of new digital technologies in the market of non-cash payments and others are considered. The factors that have a negative impact on the domestic online sales market have been identified: underdevelopment of the logistics infrastructure, rising inflation, an insufficiently effective mechanism for regulating online commerce and consumer protection. To assess consumer behavior in regions with a less developed e-commerce market, a survey was conducted among residents of the Abai region, which allowed to determine the prospects for the development of this market. Measures have been proposed to develop the logistics infrastructure and introduce innovative delivery methods that will contribute to the growth of the industry. The results of the work can be used in the development and implementation of programs in the field of stimulating the development of the e-commerce market and improving its infrastructure.

Effect of temperature on the incubation, growth, survival, and presence of skeletal deformities in larvae of the clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris (Pomacentridae) under rearing conditions

The results of the effect of five different incubation temperatures on the development of clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) larvae are presented. This ornamental species is widely marketed worldwide and is reared in captivity at CIAD to meet the demand in the domestic market. The experimental work was carried out over 30 days post-hatching to observe the temperature's effect on the development of the larvae's vertebral column and caudal complex. The eggs were incubated at 26, 28, 30, 32, and 34°C. The percentage of hatching, survival, growth, and the presence of skeletal malformations were evaluated. Hatching and survival percentages did not show significant differences between treatments. Regarding growth, there were significant differences between treatments, with organisms showing slower growth at 26°C and larger sizes at 34°C. The highest percentage of malformations occurred in larvae cultured at 34°C, with lordosis being the most frequently observed deformity among the treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optimal temperature range for cultivating and harvesting quality A. ocellaris organisms is between 28 and 30°C.

MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF GREEN PRODUCT MANUFACTURING COMPANY – A STUDY

BJCL is a pioneer jute manufacturing company in India. Jute is a natural product and has important economic value as a green manufacturing area. Various types of jute goods like jute yarn, twine, packaging bags, fine quality fabrics, carpet backing clothes are the important green manufacturing products of such a company. Salable production and dispatched data from various months has been studied and found that domestic marketing performance of the industry is rising. The demand for various jute goods has been increasing. Demand for jute bags and clothes in the domestic market as a packaging material has been significantly improved by the industry. It is found that salable production was comparatively less in the years 2020-21 due to the pandemic years. Salable production was comparatively higher in the year 2022-23 compared to 2021-22. From June 23 to September 23, salable production was gradually increasing. It is the continual improvement of the unit. It proved that BJCL months have been improving continually over the months and years too. It is found that the total number of finished bales of 500 bags in each bale has been increased from May 23 to August 23. Increasing trends of finished bales dispatch status of sacking quality were observed. This jute products study period was from October 2020 to March2023. In the study period of May 23 to August 23, the total number of bales dispatch status was increased from 299 to 1244 for Hessian quality of jute products

부동산 중개업 조직 구성에 관한 연구

The domestic real estate market and brokerage market are gradually weakening their competitiveness due to the market structure centered on individuals and small businesses. Accordingly, in order to actively respond to changes in domestic and foreign conditions, expand services in the brokerage industry, and strengthen the competitiveness of the brokerage industry, the government is inducing the incorporation and enlargement of the real estate brokerage industry. In this study, it was revealed that incorporation and enlargement cannot be a solution to the organization of licensed real estate agents to promote the professionalism of brokers and improve brokerage services to the public while overcoming the smallness of private licensed real estate agents, and derived brokerage cooperatives as an alternative as a practical alternative. Currently, the legal conflicts between the “Licensed Real Estate Agents Act” and the “Framework Act on Cooperatives” can be resolved through the revision of the “Licensed Real Estate Agents Act”. In addition, under the current legal system, it is necessary to operate a cooperative focusing on supporting the brokerage business, such as strengthening the capabilities of “Licensed Real Estate Agents Act”, under the current legal system, which is one of the best ways to organize and operate immediately.

주택임대차보호법상 법적 쟁점과 개선 방안에 대한 소고

While a lease contract is a civil relationship between private parties, the importance of residential stability, the unique characteristics of the domestic housing market, and the protection of tenants necessitate state intervention based on the special law of the Civil Code, the Housing Lease Protection Act. The original Housing Lease Protection Act was primarily focused on protecting the lease deposit, considering the social conditions at the time of its enactment. However, it has been gradually amended to stabilize the housing market and preserve the foundation of the national economy. Recently, the law has evolved to include the introduction of the right to request contract renewal and the regulation of rent increase limits. Nevertheless, during this process, issues of fairness have continuously arisen, particularly concerning whether reasonable protection is provided to both parties of the lease contract, the tenant and the landlord. There is ongoing debate about whether the emphasis on tenant protection infringes on the landlord’s fundamental property rights. Additionally, the achievement of the Housing Lease Protection Act’s fundamental objective of ensuring the stability of the tenant’s living environment remains uncertain, and there are concerns that landlords’ rights are ambiguously restricted. This underscores the need for review and reassessment. One of the main amendments to the Housing Lease Protection Act is the extension of the lease contract duration due to the tenant’s right to request renewal. While this aims to provide stability to the tenant’s living situation in the short term, it is questionable whether it benefits tenants in the long term, especially when considered alongside other tenant protection measures such as the rent cap system. Moreover, the ambiguity surrounding the landlord’s right to refuse renewal based on “actual residence” does not enhance legal stability for either party. Therefore, it is crucial to establish clear and specific standards.

Study of the Tourism Market in Serang Regency Post COVID-19 Pandemic

The objective of this study was to examine the domestic tourism market in Serang Regency, focusing on the characteristics, behavior, and typology of tourists that visited the region over the period of 2021-2022. This endeavor is undertaken by the Serang Regency Government to discern the prevailing tourism patterns following the pandemic. Approach This study utilized a descriptive research method with a quantitative approach to accomplish its objectives. A survey was conducted on a sample of 203 respondents using the basic random sampling approach. Most tourists visiting Serang Regency can be classified as dedicated nature tourists. They are motivated to visit coastal locations for social interaction, whereas their motive is to travel to the highlands in Serang Regency for the purpose of seeking novelty and acquiring new knowledge. Tourists tend to prioritize activities that provide relaxation in natural environments. The findings of this research on the tourism market in Serang Regency have significant significance. They can serve as a valuable resource for formulating effective tourism marketing policies and enhancing the development of tourism products in Serang Regency. To evaluate the efficacy of implementing the findings of this study, it is imperative to conduct additional scientific research, such as an examination of the elements that impact tourists' pleasure and decision-making to visit Serang Regency.

ENSURING THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE WITH PERFORMANCE MARKETING TOOLS

The study is devoted to the problems of the organization of the transition of the enterprise to the concept of performance-marketing, which allows to achieve stabilization of the financial stability of the enterprise in modern conditions. The purpose of the article is to investigate the essence of the concept of performance marketing and to develop a mechanism for the enterprise's transition to performance marketing as a condition for ensuring its financial stability. The article provides a description of the historical basis of the formation of domestic performance marketing and reveals its features and differences from other types of marketing. A definition of performance marketing and its basic principles is offered. Systematized performance marketing tools. The peculiarities of the company's transition to the performance concept are substantiated. The restraining factors of the development of the performance concept at the enterprise are analyzed. A system for evaluating the effectiveness of engagement channels has been developed. The proposed road map for the transition of the enterprise to performance marketing. A mechanism for transition to a performance approach in the company has been developed. The algorithm for building end-to-end analytics as the basis of performance marketing is described. The substantiation of the features of ensuring financial stability with performance-marketing tools has been carried out. The role of performance marketing at each stage of ensuring the financial stability of the enterprise is defined. In the article, it is proven that the implementation of performance marketing will provide an opportunity to increase the company's financial stability and to apply an exceptional strategy for optimizing the company's financial development, analyze and use the necessary financial parameters, based on the acceleration of the general economic development of the enterprise.

Greek Postwar Plastics Consumption as a Female Cultural Phenomenon

This research is historical in nature and concerns the capitalist expansion of the West in post-war Greece using as ‘Trojan Horse’ the plastic products that flooded the domestic market and were associated with new technologies, typologies and a brand-new way of living. The mass import of synthetics, synonymous with postwar American and European abundance and prosperity, is connected with the almost total overthrow of the strictly traditional social institutions, habits and customs of the Greeks, as well as with the emergence of a new model of cultural consumption based on female purchasing power which was at the same time associated with the female emancipation and independence, especially in the 1960s. The series of subversive developments that sealed, mostly anonymously, the formation of taste, class culture, but also triggered the birth of the domestic plastics industry, unfolds methodically and it is also connected to the political aspect of the ‘western cultural invasion’. Through this research we will be able to identify the introduction of plastic products into the Greek market, society and culture with the aim of prevailing in an aesthetic, practical and symbolic way. This research will also shed light on a totally neglected field of modern Greek cultural and material history connected with the synthetic materials transforming power as regards the female emancipation through consumption.

Beet sugar enterprises in Kazakhstan: balanced management, reserves

The goal is to analyze production indicators of sugar beets and sugar for 1990-2023, to recommend measures to increase volume of sugar industry products. Methods - statistical, on the basis of which primary data on production of beet raw materials and sugar, its consumption per capita, export and import, and foreign trade turnover are collected. Results - the authors note that development of beet-sugar subcomplex is accompanied by stable decrease in quantity of this product, resulting in reduction in acreage and decrease in yield. The deterioration of parameters is due to high cost and low profitability of crop produced, outdated technical base, the use of lowquality seeds, problems with irrigation, and insufficient capacity of sugar factories. The current situation has a direct impact on the demand for sugar, which is met through imports and raw sugar obtained from processing. State measures aimed to increase sugar from domestic raw materials, set out in the Comprehensive Plan for the Development of Sugar Industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2022-2026, were considered, in the framework of which it is provided to ensure the enterprises with unused agricultural land suitable for cultivating sugar beets within a radius of 150 kilometers to ensure their own raw materials taking into account the requests of the processors. Conclusions - the implementation of the set tasks will reduce sugar import dependence and saturate the domestic market with own products. At the same time, logistics issues, reducing cost of transporting finished products, and financing construction of railways need to be worked out.

From the Perspective of Service and Transformation: How to Develop Small and Medium-Sized Electromechanical Enterprises - Based on "Changzhou Jiutian Electromechanical"

In recent years, with the continuous development of society, the mechanical and electrical industry technology continues to update, so that the mechanical and electrical automation in many fields show multi-function, high efficiency, green environmental protection, and other characteristics, the use of mechanical and electrical equipment in people's life and production of more and more high proportion. Based on this, Liyang City, Jiangsu Province has created a new pattern of "one core park and many bases" with Zhongguancun Science and Technology Industrial Park as the core and the township's characteristic industrial base as the auxiliary. Promoted the development of new industries, new enterprises, and new products, so that Liyang agriculture and animal husbandry machinery and other advanced manufacturing industries rapidly rise. With the fierce competition, the company has gained 65% of the domestic market share, and the 1.2 billion yuan company is working to build a global high-end grain machinery production base, transforming "Made in Europe and America" to "Made in China". How small and medium-sized mechanical and electrical enterprises survive in the fierce competition has triggered thinking. In this case, utilizing field investigation and online interview, the strategic analysis of Changzhou Jiutian Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd TD was conducted using the Porter five force model and Boston matrix analysis. Changzhou Jiutian Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Co., Ltd., as a small and medium-sized electromechanical enterprise, needs to stand firm in the current competitive environment. Our research shows that we should start with the service and transformation strategy to realize the self-development of enterprises.