Purpose This research analyses how public sector entities account for heritage assets managed by a private sector not-for-profit organization under a management contract, and how these assets are disclosed. Design/methodology/approach A documental analysis was carried out based on management contracts, financial statements and extra-accounting reports from Brazilian states that have contracted out the management of heritage assets. Findings Results show that although some heritage assets are disclosed, inconsistency is observed regarding the recognition and disclosure criteria in the financial statements and extra-accounting reports among states and within each state. In cases where heritage assets were recognized, no information on fair value measurement procedures and on subsequent expenditures treatment was found. Originality/value The need to control, preserve and recognize heritage assets has raised heated discussions in the public sector accounting field. Accounting issues related to their recognition, measurement and disclosure are intensified when these assets are the subject of a partnership between governments and private not-for-profit organizations, given that these contracts increase the information demand for decision-making and accountability. This research adds evidence that current accounting requirements for heritage assets are not leading to comparability of public sector financial statements, including when they are under third parties' management, instead generating a Tower of Babel-like scenario.

This article examines how art therapy and creative processes can be integrated into the development and production of aerial acts, an art form that combines high physical risk with the need for emotional stability, psychological safety, and long-term creative freedom. The study used secondary data (2018-2024) based on curricula, program and residency practitioner descriptions, peer-reviewed articles, and professional repositories, using a combination of documentary, comparative, and content analysis along with descriptive aggregation of practice frequency. A review of academic sources demonstrates the increasing use of improvisational movement, somatic awareness, visual journaling, and structured group reflection to promote self-regulation, cognitive flexibility, group cohesion, and innovation. Three levels of integration are defined: light (infrequent modules), moderate (frequency of sessions related to choreographic content) and deep (systemic implementation and facilitation by a specialist and evaluation of results). A high degree of integration refers to the greatest return in the originality of the production, self-regulation capabilities and joint coherence. The conceptual novelty is the typology of integration models, the introduction of the parameter of depth of integration and the consistent correspondence of the logic of pedagogical and therapeutic modeling into one system of aerial creativity processes. Spatial and procedural conditions include - lighting, spatial rhythm, reflective rituals and the role of the facilitator, are considered to be of practical importance for improving positive outcomes in terms of safety, creativity and well-being of performers. The results can be used to form a methodological basis for the development of personnel in aerial arts, rehearsal procedures with some reflective and somatic activities, as well as for further research into mixed methods regarding the potential impact of combining methods on the quality of performance, psychological stability and sustainability of artistic careers. The author has established indicators that can be used to measure the effectiveness of higher education programs and guide the development of curricula.

Nigeria’s federal character policy was designed to manage ethnic diversity and prevent domination by any single group in public institutions. Yet, persistent violations and elite manipulation have contributed to the ethnic concentration of power, fueling perceptions of marginalization and conflict. This paper examines whether the federal character principle genuinely manages diversity or inadvertently manufactures ethnic conflict. Using a qualitative methodology that combines documentary analysis with interviews, the study situates its findings within social identity, consociationalism, and horizontal inequality theories. The analysis reveals that systemic implementation weaknesses, patronage politics, and ethnic quota abuses have undermined equitable representation, deepened grievances, and eroded state legitimacy. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to strengthen legal enforcement, reinforce meritocracy, and ensure inclusive governance to prevent further destabilization in Nigeria’s fragile state.

The background of this study is based on the urgent need for a curriculum that is more relevant, flexible, and responsive to modern pedagogical developments, including the demands of communicative competence, technology integration, and the diversity of learner needs. This study aims to analyze classical and contemporary curriculum development models that have been applied in language education, such as the Tyler, Taba, Oliva, Beauchamp, Wheeler, Audrey & Nicholls models, as well as competency-based curricula. The research method uses a literature study by reviewing primary and secondary literature related to curriculum development theory and practice. The data collection method used is literature documentation and in-depth analysis to produce a theoretical conclusion regarding the most effective curriculum model. The results of the study indicate that no single model can be used universally in Arabic Language Education. Effective curriculum development must integrate clarity of objectives, relevant material structure, a communicative approach, and continuous competency-based evaluation. This study emphasizes the importance of an adaptive curriculum, namely a curriculum that combines the best elements of various models according to the characteristics of the institution, learning culture, and learner needs.

This article analyzes the Theory of Differential Audiovisual Didactic Mediation (TeMADi) as an emerging, situated, and contemporary theory derived from a research process conducted between 2023 and 2025 in the Early Childhood Education teacher training program at the University of the Amazonia. The study aimed to understand the impact of educational video on the didactic training of pre-service teachers, moving beyond instrumental approaches and emphasizing pedagogical mediation as the core of audiovisual resource use. A qualitative interpretive approach was adopted, using documentary analysis, systematization of formative experiences, pedagogical observation, and reflective records. The findings identified audiovisual didactic mediation as the central category and consolidated the differential approach as a structuring principle, along with components such as didactic intentionality, pedagogical audiovisual design, the teacher’s mediating role, learning contextualization, and reflective practice. The study concludes that TeMADi provides a theoretical and practical framework that strengthens the articulation between theory and practice in early childhood teacher education, promoting inclusive, contextualized pedagogical practices aligned with the challenges of technology-mediated education in Latin American contexts.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) system in library administration management. The research focuses on how the DDC system is applied in classifying library collections, organizing materials, and improving the effectiveness of administrative services. A qualitative research method with a descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with librarians, and documentation analysis related to library administration activities. The results show that the implementation of the DDC system contributes significantly to more systematic and well-structured collection management. The use of DDC facilitates information retrieval for users, enhances the efficiency and accuracy of administrative processes, and supports librarians in managing collections in an orderly and consistent manner. Furthermore, the DDC system strengthens library governance by providing clear classification standards that improve service quality and administrative accountability. The findings of this study indicate that effective implementation of the DDC system can serve as a strategic instrument for improving library administration management and can be adopted by other educational institutions, particularly school and madrasah libraries, to support optimal learning resources and information services

ABSTRACT The field of creative placemaking united planners, artists, arts administrators, philanthropists, and policymakers in pursuit of equitable community development. By 2020, changes in funding streams and leadership impacted creative placemaking, while practitioners faced societal shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, racial reckoning, and heightened awareness of structural inequities. Looking at the trajectory of its development, we posit that creative placemaking as we knew it is over. This article offers a eulogy, using the occasion to recognize what was achieved during its tenure, and how those developments influence the future integration of arts with urban planning and community development. This paper shares our findings from an analysis of field documentation along with in-depth interviews conducted with national leaders who shaped creative placemaking. As planners and policymakers seek to advance their practice, we find that collaboration with the arts continues to be an important element of the pursuit of creative democracy.

This work aims to analyze the presence of women working as teachers in the southern region of Bahia, specifically, in the axis between the city of Ilhéus and Itabuna, in the first decades of the 20th century. The newspapers Correio de Ilhéos, Diário da Tarde and A Voz do Sul. were used to collect source documents. Birth and death certificates, port and travel records available on the Family Search website were also consulted. The documentary analysis was guided by the name, a methodological operation suggested by Ginzburg (2007) to reach traces and clues of trajectories, through nominal search. This search allowed us to verify the circulation of teachers and the dissemination of their ideas throughout the region. There was a predominance of women in the profession of primary teachers in the places researched, teachers who actively occupied the spaces where debates about education took place, such as the press. The research revealed a network of families, in which teaching has become an occupation for generations. This fact was considered an indication of the power relationship established in the region through the training of subjects and through the occupation of educational positions.

The horn, a brass instrument with a long historical trajectory from primitive animal horns to the 19th-century valve system, has achieved a prominent role in concert music and symphonic ensembles. In Brazil, its presence is marked in bands and orchestras, although specialized training remains limited in the Northeast. While studies such as Feitosa (2013) and Miranda (2022) highlight advances in horn pedagogy and literature, they also reveal gaps concerning its use in popular genres such as forró. This research aims to investigate the technical and interpretative possibilities of the horn within forró, a genre culturally representative of Northeastern Brazil. The theoretical framework draws on performance studies (Borém; Oliveira), horn pedagogy (Farkas; Tuckwell; Agrell), and Brazilian popular music scholarship (Wisnik; Alfonsi; Azevedo), addressing technical, stylistic, and sociocultural aspects. Methodologically, the study adopts a qualitative approach, combining bibliographic review, documental analysis, interviews with musicians and teachers, and observation of forró groups in Natal/RN. Preliminary results indicate the absence of consistent records of the horn in this genre, underscoring the originality and relevance of the proposal. The study highlights the need for adapted repertoire, creative arrangements, and pedagogical approaches that embrace hybrid practices. It concludes that the incorporation of the horn into forró can broaden the genre’s expressive possibilities and contribute to horn pedagogy, fostering dialogue between classical and popular music.

Digital mental health technologies targeting young people have expanded rapidly amid growing concern about youth mental distress and the normalization of digital care. Yet despite being the primary users of such systems, young people have limited influence over how digital mental health is conceptualised, designed and governed. The paper examines digital youth mental health as a sociotechnical field and situates debates on youth agency, expertise and digital governance within contemporary concerns about participation and legitimacy. Drawing on a qualitative documentary analysis of policy frameworks, academic and professional literature, and youth advocacy and civil society materials (n = 86), the study investigates how authority, legitimacy and participation are attributed and contested across institutional domains. The analysis identifies three dominant framings of participation normative rhetoric, managed consultation and emerging epistemic authority and demonstrates how youth involvement is simultaneously invoked, constrained and instrumentalised. These dynamics reflect deeper tensions between safeguarding and autonomy, user engagement and democratic governance, and clinical expertise and lived experience. The paper argues that meaningful participation requires recognising young people as knowledge-holders and redistributing decision-making power within digital mental health design and governance processes. In doing so, the study contributes to sociological understandings of youth agency, digital governance and the politics of mental health care and highlights the need for participatory infrastructures capable of supporting youth co-governance in digital mental health.

This study focuses on institutional certification for personal trainers in Angola as an alternative for professionalization in the promotion and well-being of physical and mental health. It has a mixed qualitative-quantitative and descriptive-propositional approach, using surveys, interviews, and documentary analysis. The results reveal regulatory gaps and training deficiencies in the training of professionals specializing in personal training. The sustained growth of the fitness and physical activity sector in Angola has generated a growing demand for personal trainers in recent years, without a formal professional accreditation system to guarantee the certification, quality, safety, and effectiveness of the services offered. The absence of recognized institutional certification limits the professionalization of the sector and reduces its potential contribution to public health policies, in a context where chronic noncommunicable diseases represent a national health challenge. Likewise, it was found that there is no specific law regulating professional certification in the field of fitness, which supports the need for a technical and institutional framework to guarantee the quality and safety of the practice. An alternative for professional advancement is proposed, comprising a comprehensive institutional certification model that combines academic training, technical evaluation, and legal recognition of personal trainers, in coordination with the Ministry of Youth and Sports and the Ministry of Health at the national level. This proposal seeks to promote ethics and professional technical competence, and to integrate fitness practice into national legal strategies for preventive public health and social welfare.

The quality standards in the assembly process of hoses and connectors for drape products at PT XYZ still face issues related to the high number of non-conforming products (NG), caused by difficulties in assembling the hose to the connector due to uneven and imprecise hose cutting results. This condition leads to increased customer complaints due to installation difficulties on the user's side. Additionally, the variation in hose cutting results causes inconsistencies in product quality, increasing the risk of production cost wastage. This study aims to identify the main causes of defects in the hose and connector assembly process and formulate a systematic improvement proposal to reduce NG levels and enhance the production process quality. The method used is Quality Control Circle (QCC) with an eight-step PDCA approach. Data collection techniques include direct observation in the production area, interviews with operators and related teams, and analysis of historical NG product documentation. Root cause analysis is carried out using the Seven Tools of Quality, particularly the Pareto chart and fishbone diagram, to determine the dominant factors causing the issue. The results show that the main cause of defects comes from the manual and imprecise hose cutting method, which complicates the connector assembly process. The proposed improvements, including the design and implementation of a hose cutting machine, the use of cutting jigs, and operator training, have proven effective in reducing NG levels and improving the consistency of the hose and connector assembly process quality.

Abstract Introduction: Technical training is essential in artistic swimming for competitive performance, focusing on positions, figures, and routines. Although previous research exists on biological and methodological aspects, there is a lack of comprehensive approaches that include sociological and psychological dimensions, as well as inconsistent didactic planning in regulatory documents. Objective: To develop a technical training plan for young artistic swimmers (11-12 years old) from a comprehensive sports perspective. Methods: A qualitative methodology was used. The theoretical methods included analytical-synthetic methods for reviewing the literature and systemic-structural-functional methods for conceiving the plan as an interrelated system. The main empirical method was the documentary analysis of the Comprehensive Athlete Preparation Program (PIPD) and existing training plans, identifying inconsistencies in content, exercises, and load dosage. The proposed plan was based on Matveev's (1983) cyclical periodization model, adapted to the U12 category with a specific distribution of periods (80% preparatory, 20% competitive) and stages, 4:1 mesocycles, and microcycles. Training frequencies, work time, volume and intensity dosages (with a margin of tolerance), and evaluation controls were defined, employing sensory-perceptual, verbal, and practical methods. Results: The proposal restructured the technical content load, integrating psychomotor, sensory-perceptual, volitional, motivational, sociological, and psychological dimensions, in line with theories such as Vygotsky's. This allowed for overcoming the inconsistencies of the PIPD (Professional Development Plan) and the deficiencies in didactic planning, ensuring a logical progression of technical elements. The application of Hans Selye's Law of Bioadaptation and Matveev's principles ensured a gradual and undulating progression of training loads, essential for adaptation. The plan provides a detailed methodological guide, facilitating the organization and application of technical training for functional improvement and holistic development. Conclusions: A comprehensive technical training plan for young artistic swimmers was successfully developed, incorporating sociological, psychological, and pedagogical aspects. This proposal offers a new way to periodize and structure training loads, serving as a valuable tool for coaches and promoting holistic development and athletic performance in artistic swimming.

Central American narratives, despite their contributions to literature, have been categorized as peripheral literary production, and homoerotic aesthetics within them are under-recognized. The objective of this text is to analyze the theme of homoeroticism in Central American literary production (novels, short stories, poetry and theater). A documentary analysis of the literary output and specialized academic material was used as a methodology. The analytical perspective developed to analyze a selected series of Central American literary productions integrates three dimensions: homointertextuality, homotextualization and homopoetics. The result is that homointertextuality reveals that traditional discourses pathologized and criminalized homoerotic desires in the early 20th century, forcing them to manifest in a dehumanized manner. Homotextualization presented discursive strategies such as necrorepresentation and mechanisms of political, cultural, and social repression that attempted to censor homoerotic aesthetics. This aesthetics managed to infiltrate and resist, escaping through voices that challenged normative control during political repression and internal wars. Finally, in the 21st century, in homopoetics, homoerotic identity became legitimate. Desire ceased to be subterranean and asserted itself with autonomy and pride in societies where discrimination and violence against LGBTIQA+ people persist.

This study aims to analyze the social media content strategy implemented by PT Langit Anantara Kreasi in building brand awareness of Kolabo products through Instagram and TikTok. The qualitative case study approach uses content analysis. Data collection through in-depth interviews and observation of social media content, documentation, and user engagement analysis, by applying triangulation techniques. The results show that content strategies emphasize creative, educational, and interactive approaches, utilizing two main platforms. TikTok and Instagram's digital platform strategies significantly increased brand recognition and recall for Kolabo. The study confirms that consistent, relevant, and data-driven content management is a key factor in building brand awareness in the digital age. These findings can serve as a reference for companies in designing effective digital communication strategies to strengthen their brand position in a competitive market.

This research reveals a contradiction. Despite the existence of institutional mechanisms for diabetes care in Côte d'Ivoire (specialised centres, therapeutic education, relative accessibility of insulin), diabetic adolescents monitored at the Abidjan Diabetes Centre (CADA) remain unbalanced and frequently interrupt their therapeutic follow-up. From a sociological perspective, the study seeks to understand the social processes that account for non-compliance with prescribed social roles in the daily management of the disease. It is based on a qualitative analysis conducted in Abidjan among diabetic adolescents aged 10 to 21, their parents and health professionals, using observations, interviews and documentary analysis. The results show that non-adherence to treatment is not simply a matter of ignorance of the treatment or lack of personal initiative, but rather the intertwining of cognitive, economic, institutional, social and temporal constraints. These constraints undermine the coordination of those involved in care and make it a social construct, shaped by living conditions, interactions and the organisation of roles between adolescents, families and caregivers.

ABSTRACTBackgroundTrials are often poorly designed, address unimportant questions, or are conducted in ways that limit their usefulness. This contributes to research waste and undermines evidence‐based healthcare. We examined whether guidance from funders, regulators, and ethics review bodies supports the planning and approval of informative trials, with a focus on resources available to investigators and the role of oversight organizations.MethodsWe conducted a directed qualitative content analysis of guidance documents from funders, regulators, and ethics review bodies across 13 countries and three multinational organizations. Documents were analysed using a coding framework based on the five conditions for trial informativeness identified by Zarin and colleagues: Importance, Design, Feasibility, Integrity, and Reporting.ResultsThe final content analysis contains 37 guiding documents, including 13 documents from funders, 14 from regulators, and 10 addressing the ethics of trials. While contextual examples varied, many of the recommended processes or actions to improve trial informativeness were consistent across global guidance from funders, regulators, and those with ethical oversight. The aspects of Design and Integrity were particularly well represented, whereas guidance on improving Feasibility was limited.ConclusionThe five key aspects of trial informativeness were reasonably described in some capacity across all forms of guidance, but may benefit from further examples or elaboration. Further research is needed to explore how trial guidelines and other supporting documents might incorporate more flexible, context‐sensitive approaches that reduce bureaucratic burden without compromising ethical and scientific rigour.

Background Pedestrian infrastructure quality significantly influences urban mobility, particularly in developing regions undergoing rapid urbanization. This study assesses pedestrian infrastructure in Naval, Biliran Province, Philippines—a municipality transitioning towards cityhood—to address mobility challenges and inform sustainable development planning. Methods A mixed-methods approach was employed using a validated assessment framework with 17 criteria aligned with Philippine accessibility standards. Data collection involved systematic field observations covering 12.20 kilometers across 15 streets in downtown Naval and structured interviews with 211 pedestrians. Assessment combined physical measurements, photographic documentation, and statistical analysis of user perceptions. Results Field assessments revealed significant deficiencies, with 87% of sidewalks failing to meet minimum width standards (1.20 meters) and 80% exhibiting inadequate headroom clearance. Surface discontinuities were documented in 73% of segments, while 67% showed moderate to severe obstructions. Despite high utilization rates (82.9% of respondents regularly walking), only 34.0% reported positive experiences with sidewalk conditions. Statistical analysis identified significant correlations between infrastructure quality and pedestrian behavior, with safety concerns forcing pedestrians into vehicular pathways. Principal concerns included inadequate width (32.70% dissatisfaction), poor lighting (50.98%), and stray animals (66.67%). Conclusion This study establishes an evidence base highlighting the need for strategic interventions in Naval's pedestrian infrastructure. Findings underscore significant gaps between current provision and user requirements, particularly regarding dimensions, surface quality, and safety features. By identifying specific deficiencies, this research provides municipal authorities with actionable data to prioritize improvements that enhance walkability, safety, and overall urban mobility in Naval and similar developing urban contexts.

A harmful algal bloom (HAB) has spread to a third of South Australia’s coasts, has devastated marine life and is affecting human physical and mental health and the fishing and tourism industries. We examine Australian Federal and State environmental and agricultural public policies to determine how well they were prepared to prevent and respond to a HAB with human health consequences. Document analysis techniques were used to examine the framing of 63 Australian public policies selected from a data set of 180. All documents were coded in Nvivo and analysed for their content relevant to HABs. In the policies, we only found cursory mentions of HABs. We identified three main issues in terms of their attention to HABs. First, there was no evidence of policies that would have led to any detailed planning for a HAB. Second, in terms of strategic actions, economic considerations are uppermost. Third, we found little consideration of direct human health impacts or of intersectoral collaboration on the issue. Our policy analysis indicates a lack of attention, and so preparedness, for the South Australia HAB. Public policy in all countries needs to prepare better for climate-related disasters and act faster to reduce global warming.

This study examined the adaptive teaching practices of teachers handling learners with learning difficulties at Barcelona Central School, focusing on how instructional responsiveness can be enhanced through supportive systems and professional development. Guided by the principles of learners with learning difficulties, the research aimed to identify the adaptive strategies currently implemented, determine teachers’ perceptions of their effectiveness, explore the barriers encountered, and assess the availability of institutional support that promotes adaptive practices. Anchored on the idea that quality education must be equitable and accessible to all, the study sought to provide actionable insights for improving the teaching and learning experiences of learners with learning difficulties. Using a descriptive research design, data were gathered from teachers through survey questionnaire and documentary analysis. Results revealed that teachers consistently apply adaptive strategies such as visual aids, scaffolding, peer collaboration, and differentiated instruction to accommodate diverse learner needs. Teachers perceived these practices as highly effective in improving comprehension, participation, and confidence among learners with difficulties. However, findings also indicated significant challenges, including limited access to instructional materials and assistive technologies, insufficient training, and inconsistent administrative support. Despite these barriers, teachers demonstrated creativity, commitment, and compassion in ensuring inclusive learning environments. The study concluded that adaptive teaching is both a pedagogical and moral commitment that reflects the teacher’s dedication to equity and learner success. To sustain adaptive teaching practices, the study recommends continuous professional development, strengthened administrative support, and resource allocation aligned with learners with learning difficulties policies. Ultimately, the research underscored that the realization of learners with learning difficulties depends on empowering teachers as catalysts of transformation who embody empathy, adaptability, and excellence in every classroom.