important and so prevalent in the century and a half culminating in the monumental work of J. S. Bach. After the Baroque period the bass virtually loses its melodic character and henceforth is confined to a purely harmonic function. A device having a certain affinity with this dual function of the Baroque bass, although not confined to this period, was nevertheless a widely used one. This device, known as basso ostinato, consists of a reiterated bass melody over which a diversity of textures are written. The English term for basso ostinato is ground bass , or simply ground . It would appear that this term is used in two senses. A ground, strictly speaking, means a bass melody of this sort or the theme itself. It is also used to mean the entire
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