Disulfide Composites Research Articles

Electrophoretically deposited graphene oxide/molybdenum disulfide composite on quartz crystal microbalance for ethyl acetate VOC detection

Electrophoretically deposited graphene oxide/molybdenum disulfide composite on quartz crystal microbalance for ethyl acetate VOC detection

Architecture influence on acoustic performance, EMI shielding, electrical and thermal, properties of 3D printed PLA/graphite/molybdenum disulfide composites

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is one of the most emerging techniques nowadays. Affordable, easy to use, economical, for a broad audience − from specialists to home users. These are only several of its advantages. A disadvantage is the limited number of available filament types, especially those with high performance. Therefore, the aim of the work was to investigate the properties of custom–made filament printouts based on polylactic (PLA), graphite (G) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2).This work looked at structural and thermal analysis, acoustic performance, EMI shielding, and electrical and thermal properties, including thermal conductivity and heat diffusivity. The following were considered during the study: type of printing architecture, infill density, and filament formulations. Among the best values, which were obtained for the highest loaded sample based on 15 wt% graphite and 2 wt% MoS2 (G15/M2), where EMI shielding effectiveness surpassed SETOT ∼ 17 dB (per 1 mm sample thickness), electrical conductivity remained at a low level. It exceeded σ ∼ 0.2 S/m; thermal conductivity was slightly over κ ∼ 0.4 W/mK, and heat diffusivity was almost α ∼ 0.4 mm2/s.This work is the first step in designing high-performance materials dedicated to advanced applications based on the FFF technique.

Conductive disposable screen-printed graphene oxide-molybdenum disulfide electrode for electrochemical sensing applications

In this work, a new and convenient fabrication process for screen-printed reduced graphene oxide-molybdenum disulfide electrode (SPrGO-MoS2E) was proposed. Reduced graphene oxide-molybdenum disulfide (rGO-MoS2) composite was hydrothermally synthesized and then dispersed in deionized water and ethanol with a ratio of 2:3 (v/v) to form a conductive suspension. The suspension was then blended with carbon paste at a ratio of 0.1:9.9 (g/g) to obtain a screen-printable rGO-MoS2 conductive ink. An electrochemical sensing electrode was formed by screening this conductive ink onto a polyethylene terephthalate substrate. The characteristics of this electrode were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Overall, the conductive suspension comprising the rGO-MoS2 composite showed higher electrochemical sensing performance compared with electrodes containing only rGO or MoS2. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the SPrGO-MoS2 electrode exhibited excellent electrochemical sensing performance toward several electroactive species, namely, potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) ([Fe(CN6)]3−/4−), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dissolved in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.4). The limits of detection for [Fe(CN6)]3−/4−, NAD+/NADH, and H2O2 were 0.34, 0.25, and 1.36 μM, respectively. In addition, the reproducibility, repeatability, and stability determined from the relative standard deviations (RSDs, n = 7) of these analytes were less than 12.1 %, 8.6 %, and 7.4 %, respectively. Therefore, the ready-to-use SPrGO-MoS2E could be an alternative material for advanced chemical and biological sensing applications.

Synthesis and wear characterization of Al7075/molybdenum disulfide/zirconium diboride hybrid composites

AbstractThe manuscript presents the synthesis and dry sliding wear performance of Al7075 alloy‐based composites. Five compositions namely Al7075 alloy, Al7075+3 vol % molybdenum disulfide, Al7075+3 vol % molybdenum disulfide+3 vol % zirconium diboride, Al7075+3 vol % molybdenum disulfide+6 vol % zirconium diboride and Al7075+3 vol % molybdenum disulfide+9 vol % zirconium diboride were stir cast and characterized for hardness, x‐ray diffraction, microstructure, and tribological properties. In‐situ formed zirconium diboride particles increase the hardness of Al7075 alloy whereas molybdenum disulfide shows the opposite trend due to its self‐lubricating nature. X‐ray diffraction analysis identifies subsequent phase particles in the matrix while microstructural images exhibit the dispersion and morphology of reinforcement particles. The wear tests and friction coefficient were analyzed with variations of sliding velocity, normal load, sliding distance, and compositions. Further, the obtained wear results were also correlated with microstructure and wear surface topography. Al7075+3 vol % molybdenum disulfide composite shows the lowest coefficient of friction because of its self‐lubricating nature. Al7075+3 vol % molybdenum disulfide+9 vol % zirconium diboride hybrid composite exhibits the lowest wear rate at high velocity as well as at high load and can be potentially used in manufacturing and tribological applications. Moreover, the use of this material may lead to the minimum requirement of external toxic lubricants that make it cost‐effective and environmentally sustainable.

A novel 2D bismuthene-molybdenum disulfide nanocomposite for high energy density supercapacitors and fabrication scaled to pouch cell

Emerging novel 2D materials with unique electrochemical properties generate massive interest among researchers to fabricate the supercapacitors with high energy density without fading actual power density. In present work, a novel 2D Bismuthene-Molybdenum disulfide composite (Biene-MoS2 NC) was synthesized which serves as an effective active material for the fabrication of electrodes for supercapacitors with superior electrochemical characteristics. The synthesized Biene-MoS2 NC electrode provides the improved specific capacity of 195.9 mAh/g at the sweep rate of 10 mV/s together with the total stored capacity, outer surface adsorption capacity, and intercalation capacity of 285, 10.8, and 274.2 mAh/g respectively and their percentage of capacitance and diffusion of 36.3 % and 63.7 % respectively. The pouch type supercapacitor cell was fabricated using Biene-MoS2 NC as positive electrode (cathode) and activated carbon (AC) as negative electrode (anode) which demonstrated high areal capacitance of 38.2 mF/cm2 at the current density of 0.5 mA/cm2 and also it delivered the enhanced areal energy and power densities of 11.94 μWh/cm2 and 1 mW/cm2 respectively.

A strategy for the preparation of super-hydrophilic molybdenum disulfide composites applied to remove uranium from wastewater.

Due to the radioactivity of uranium, the discharged nuclear wastewater not only causes certain damage to the ecology, but also causes certain harm to human life and health. Adsorption is considered to be one of the most effective ways to remove uranium. In this paper, a kind of MoS2 adsorbent was prepared by the solid phase synthesis method and functionalized with NiCo-LDH. The raw materials of MoS2 are cheap and easy to obtain, and the preparation conditions are simple, and large quantities can be obtained without limitations. MoS2 functionalized with NiCo-LDH provides more adsorption sites for the adsorbent and at the same time improves the hydrophilicity of the adsorbent, so that the active sites can fully combine with uranyl ions. The maximum adsorption capacity of the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model is 492.83 mg g-1. The selective adsorption capacity of uranium can reach 76.12% in the multi-ion coexistence system. By analyzing the adsorption mechanism with FT-IR and XRD, it is believed that on the one hand, UO22+ forms a covalent bond with Mo in MoS2 and coordinates with S on the surface of MoS2. On the other hand, UO22+ enters the NiCo-LDH layer for ion exchange with NO3- and coordinates with -OH on the surface of NiCo-LDH. The successful preparation of the MoS2/NiCo-LDH composite provides a certain application prospect for the uranium adsorption field.

Decoration of 2 H-MoS2 on the surfaces of activated carbon derived from bamboo stem biomass waste: A regenerative novel architecture for effective degradation of methylene blue under natural light

The development of visible light-assisted photocatalyst materials is considered a sustainable technology for textile dye pollutant degradation. In this work, a bamboo stem-derived activated carbon/Molybdenum disulfide (AC/MoS2) composite was synthesized using the wet impregnation method. The synthesized AC/MoS2 (5%) (ACM composite) shows enhanced photocatalytic degradation efficiency (98%) for MB degradation within 90 min compared with AC (94%) and MoS2 (33%) under natural light irradiation. FESEM analysis shows the uniform deposition of 2 H-MoS2 on the surface of AC. HRTEM analysis revealed that ACM composite consists of ultra-small activated carbon nanoparticles with a diameter of ∼20 nm and a layered MoS2 with a lateral thickness of ∼150 nm. The effect of catalyst load, pH effect, and MB concentration were evaluated to optimize the photocatalytic activities of AC and ACM composites. The results reveal that the ACM composite possesses high photocatalytic activity with a catalyst quantity of 10 mg at pH 8. Scavenger trapping analysis confirms that hydroxyl radical (•OH) and photogenerated holes (h+) are the main reactive species for photocatalytic degradation of MB. After three cycle experiments, the ACM composite exhibited a slight decrease in the photocatalytic efficiency (89%) and also possesses high stability, which can be regenerated for sustainable photocatalytic material. Moreover, the ACM composite exhibits a long visible absorption range and high structural stability, enhancing the charge separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. This proposed method offers a cost-effective and biomass-derived photocatalyst for the textile wastewater treatment process.

Electrochemical Sensing Based on Metal-Organic Frameworks-Derived Carbon/Molybdenum Disulfide Composites with Superstructure and Synergistic Catalysis.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived nanocomposite has attracted extensive attention due to its tunable nanoscale cavities and high chemical tailorability. Herein, with the aim of developing a sensitive electrochemical sensor for p-nitrophenol, a novel MOFs-derived nanocomposite was prepared by the solvothermal method using Zr-MOFs, thiourea, and sodium molybdate as raw materials. By controlling the growth mode and reaction time, the nanohybrids displayed a superstructure composed of MOFs-derived carbon (MOFs-C) and MoS2. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated that MOFs-C/MoS2 was a flower-like porous sphere. Transmission electron microscopic images showed that the MOFs-C/MoS2 had a unique arrow target-like structure. The porous structure held great promise for the fast mass transfer into the material, while the layer-by-layer distributed carbon and MoS2 provided a great structure for the synergistic catalysis. The electrochemical oxidation of (hydroxyamino)phenol to nitrosophenol, which is an important process for the electrochemical behavior of p-nitrophenol, can be selectively catalyzed by the MOFs-C/MoS2. Therefore, the electrochemical sensor based on the MOFs-C/MoS2 material exhibited excellent analytical performance in the determination of p-nitrophenol. Using the technique of square wave voltammetry, the peak current varied quantitatively with the presence of p-nitrophenol in the wide concentration range of 0.5-500 μM. Furthermore, the electrochemical sensor exhibited good practicability in real sample analysis.

Application of phosphomolybdate/tungsten disulfide composites in the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of dyeing wastewater

Water pollution from dye wastewater is a major problem. As an indirect semiconductor, tungsten disulfide has a large specific surface area to adsorb dyes, and can absorb energy to degrade dye molecules under visible light. Furthermore, polyoxometalates reduce the energy gap of the photocatalyst and inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. Here, a novel phosphomolybdate/tungsten disulfide composite was constructed firstly via a solvothermal method to load phosphomolybdic acid onto few-layer-thick disulfide nanosheets. The chemical structure, morphology, porosity, phase, and element composition of the composite phosphomolybdate/tungsten disulfide were characterized. The absorption performance and photocatalysis of the complexes was tested. The adsorption capacity of phosphomolybdate/tungsten composites for dyes has an increasing trend with the increase in phosphomolybdate loading until the loading reaches 80%. The material can selectively adsorb malachite green and methylene blue, with a selectivity factor as high as 4.28 in the mixed solution of methyl orange/malachite green. But it has better photocatalytic effect on methyl orange than malachite green and methylene blue. The material can degrade 98% of methyl orange in 90 min. Our results indicate that the adsorption capacity and photocatalysis of phosphomolybdate/tungsten disulfide composites are significantly enhanced compared with tungsten disulfide. This work creatively combined tungsten disulfide with oxidative polyoxometalates which provide novel insights into the design of low-cost photocatalytic materials and adsorption materials for dyeing wastewater.

Biochar derived from coffee grounds with molybdenum disulfide composites for Cr (VI) removal from wastewater

Discharging pollutants containing toxic metal ions has become a global problem, and improper disposal of coffee grounds can also cause environmental pollution. In this work, 1T-MoS2@STC (Solvothermal Carbonization, STC) was prepared from coffee grounds and molybdenum disulfide by a one-step solvothermal method that is simple in operation, low in energy consumption and low in cost, which possesses efficient adsorption of Cr (VI) in wastewater. The 1T-MoS2@STC was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, Zeta potential, FTIR, and BET analyses. The results showed that MoS2 was successfully loaded on coffee grounds. According to the pseudo-second order (R2 = 0.99) kinetics model, chemisorption was the main cause of adsorption. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir (R2 = 0.99) isothermal model, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 795.17 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism can be attributed to electrostatic interaction, redox reaction between Cr (VI) and active sites, and chelation between Cr (III) and hydroxyl. When 1T-MoS2@STC was applied to the treatment of actual water samples, the removal rate was also maintained at a high level (90%). In addition, 1T-MoS2@STC can maintain long-term stability (90 days) and low leaching of molybdenum (<3 mg/L) in wastewater. Therefore, in the treatment of chromium-containing wastewater, the 1T-MoS2@STC composite material simultaneously exhibited significant adsorption capacity, high interference resistance, stability and low leaching rate. This study provides a new efficient and stable Cr (VI) adsorbent and promotes the practical application of MoS2 biomass derivatives composites in water purification.

Insights into the electron activation mechanisms at the micro level by nano zero-valent iron supported by molybdenum disulfide (nZVI@MD) from preparation to application

Both molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) exhibit excellent adsorption abilities. However, the constrained conductivity of MoS2 and the lack of selectivity of nZVI for electron transfer still pose challenges. In this study, we designed a series of novel nano zero-valent iron supported by molybdenum disulfide composites (nZVI@MD) with multiple electron-rich active sites, including iron dopant replacement, iron atom intercalation and exposed Mo4+, for effective removal of Cr(VI). Results showed that preparation temperature and the amount of MoS2 added were identified as the two most significant factors affecting the reduction properties of nZVI@MD. Systematic experiments revealed that the nZVI@MD exhibited good anti-interference performance, stability and reusability due to its excellent electron selectivity. Characterization results exhibited that iron atoms replaced the sulfur vacancies in MoS2 and inserted into an intercalation of MoS2 during the preparation process. The mechanisms underlying the uptake of Cr(VI) by nZVI@MD can be proposed as follows: (i) electrostatic interactions, (ii) reduction reaction, and (iii) co-precipitation involving Fe-O-Cr. Furthermore, nZVI@MD exhibited excellent electron activity, hydrophilicity and oxidation resistance, confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work provided new strategies and mechanistic insights for the rational design of adsorbents.

Scalable synthesis of 2D Ti2CTx MXene and molybdenum disulfide composites with excellent microwave absorbing performance

The signal crosstalk and electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems direly need to be resolved in the rapid development of modern microwave communication technology for a better working frequency and transmission power of electronic systems. Where the new absorbing materials such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/titania (TiO2)/Ti2CTx and MoS2/Ti2CTx composites could meet the requirement of “thin, strong, light weight, and wide band” for excellent absorbing performance. In this work, a lighter Ti2CTx material was selected as the matrix, and MoS2 was in-situ grown on Ti2CTx matrix by traditional hydrothermal method and microwave solvothermal method. The fabricated composite exhibited synergic effect of two-dimensional heterostructural interface and double dielectric elements, where a small amount of TiO2 and a certain proportion of MoS2 jointly improve the impedance matching of the composite material. In here, the extreme reflection loss (RLmin) can reach − 54.70 dB (with a frequency of 7.59 GHz, 3.39 mm thickness), and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) can reach 4 GHz. Polyethylene glycol 200 was used as the solvent instead of water to make Ti2CTx less oxidized during the composite process, where the microwave heating would attain fast speed, short time, high efficiency, and uniform product. Since, the MoS2/Ti2CTx composite without oxidizing possessed a wider effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) at a thinner thickness, thus resulting in the excellent microwave absorption performance and confirming the validity and rationality of new microwave absorption materials.

Molybdenum disulfide/phosphorus-doped carbon nanosheet composites as anode materials for sodium ion batteries

In this paper, the phosphorus-doped carbon nanosheet and molybdenum disulfide (P-CNSs-MoS2) composites was synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and the P-CNSs-MoS2 composites could be applied as anode material for Na+ battery. The morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). And the electrochemical properties of the composite were also measured. The results showed that the size of MoS2 material became significantly larger by the attachment and derivation of phosphorus-doped carbon nanosheets, which could also further promote the diffusion of electrons and sodium ions. As the current density was 0.1 A g−1, the first cycle specific discharge capacity of P-CNSs-MoS2 composite could reach 1059.2 mA·h/g and its reversible specific capacity could still maintain at 446.2mA·h/g after 20 cycles.

Self-supporting network-structured MoS2/heteroatom-doped graphene as superior anode materials for sodium storage.

Layered graphene and molybdenum disulfide have outstanding sodium ion storage properties that make them suitable for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the easy and large-scale preparation of graphene and molybdenum disulfide composites with structural stability and excellent performance face enormous challenges. In this study, a self-supporting network-structured MoS2/heteroatom-doped graphene (MoS2/NSGs-G) composite is prepared by a simple and exercisable electrochemical exfoliation followed by a hydrothermal route. In the composite, layered MoS2 nanosheets and heteroatom-doped graphene nanosheets are intertwined with each other into self-supporting network architecture, which could hold back the aggregation of MoS2 and graphene effectively. Moreover, the composite possesses enlarged interlayer spacing of graphene and MoS2, which could contribute to an increase in the reaction sites and ion transport of the composite. Owing to these advantageous structural characteristics and the heteroatomic co-doping of nitrogen and sulfur, MoS2/NSGs-G demonstrates greatly reversible sodium storage capacity. The measurements revealed that the reversible cycle capacity was 443.9 mA h g-1 after 250 cycles at 0.5 A g-1, and the rate capacity was 491.5, 490.5, 453.9, 418.1, 383.8, 333.1, and 294.4 mA h g-1 at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 and 10 A g-1, respectively. Furthermore, the MoS2/NSGs-G sample displayed lower resistance, dominant pseudocapacitive contribution, and faster sodium ion interface kinetics characteristic. Therefore, this study provides an operable strategy to obtain high-performance anode materials, and MoS2/NSGs-G with favorable structure and excellent cycle stability has great application potential for SIBs.

Conductivity and tribological properties of IL-PANI/WS2 composite material in lithium complex grease

An ionic liquid-polyaniline/tungsten disulfide (IL-PANI/WS2) composite was synthesized in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate (LB104) aqueous solution by in-situ polymerization and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A current-carrying friction and wear tester was used to study the tribological properties of steel—steel and copper—copper friction pairs lubricated by an IL-PANI/WS2 lithium complex grease (LCG). After the experiment, scanning electron microscope was used to observe the surface morphology of the wear scar on the steel and copper plates, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer was used to analyze the elemental composition of the wear scar surface. The results show that compared with greases containing IL-PANI and WS2, greases containing IL-PANI/WS2 exhibit better antiwear performance when lubricating steel—steel friction pairs and better tribological performance and electrical conductivity when lubricating copper—copper friction pairs. Therefore, it can be concluded that WS2 and IL-PANI have a synergistic effect.

Carbon dots modified molybdenum disulfide as a high-efficiency hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is considered a low-cost material that may replace platinum-based electrocatalysts towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the catalytic activity of MoS2 is limited by the low conductivity and lack of active sites. Here, a biomass carbon dots-molybdenum disulfide (BCDs-MoS2) composite was synthesized as a HER catalyst by a simple hydrothermal method. The BCDs-MoS2 catalyst displayed excellent electrocatalytic performance for HER with lower onset overpotential (115 mV), smaller Tafel slope (56.57 mV dec−1) as well as high cycling stability, which superior to those of homemade MoS2, commercial MoS2, and most of the reported MoS2-based catalysts. According to the characterization results of morphology, surface properties, and valence states of elements, the outstanding catalytic activity of BCDs-MoS2 is ascribed to its loose structure with a large specific surface area along with abundant edges and defects, and the increase in the amount of S22− and S2− which possess higher activity due to the addition of the BCDs. This study can afford a new strategy to design high performance HER catalysts.

MoS2-Cu/CuO@graphene Heterogeneous Photocatalysis for Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of MB from Water.

The industrial revolution resulted in the contamination of natural water resources. Therefore, it is necessary to save and recover the natural water resources. In this regard, polymer-based composites have attracted the scientific community for their application in wastewater treatment. Herein, molybdenum disulfide composites with a mix phase of copper, copper oxide and graphene (MoS2-Cu/CuO@GN) were synthesized through the hydrothermal method. Methylene blue (MB) was degraded by around 93.8% within the 30 min in the presence of MoS2-Cu/CuO@GN under visible light. The degradation efficiency was further enhanced to 98.5% with the addition of H2O2 as a catalyst. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of pure MoS2, MoS2-Cu/CuO and MoS2-Cu/CuO@GN were also investigated under the same experimental conditions. The structural analysis endorses the presence of the Cu/CuO dual phase in MoS2. The charge recombination ratio and band gap of MoS2-Cu/CuO@GN were also investigated in comparison to pure MoS2 and MoS2-Cu/CuO. The chemical states, the analysis of C1s, O1s, Mo3d and Cu2p3, were also analyzed to explore the possible interaction among the present elements. The surface morphology confirms the existence of Cu/CuO and GN to MoS2.

Ultra‐Rapid Removal of Pb(II) Ions by a Nano‐MoS2 Decorated Graphene Aided by the Unique Combination of Affinity and Electrochemistry

AbstractCost‐effective adsorbent materials with high Pb(II) removal efficiency and selectivity are considered necessary for successfully removing Pb(II) contamination from drinking water because of their high‐level toxicity and the ultra‐low safe level of ≤10 ppb in water. This study demonstrates the synthesis and the ultrafast Pb(II) removal capability of a partially reduced graphene oxide‐nano‐molybdenum disulfide composite (prGO‐MoS2). The prGO‐MoS2 exhibits thin sheets of prGO covered more or less uniformly with nano‐MoS2, and the open architecture gives enhanced accessibility to the S2– and oxygen moieties present in prGO‐MoS2. A single treatment of contaminated water samples with prGO‐MoS2 rapidly decreases the concentration of Pb(II) from 10 000 ppb to 0.8642 ppb within ≤3 min with an efficiency of ≥99.99% (4 log reduction value) at a V/m ratio of 2000 mL mg−1. Among the reported materials for Pb(II) removal, prGO‐MoS2 exhibits the fastest removal speed (≤3 min) and the second‐highest adsorption capacity (762 mg g−1), and the highest distribution coefficient (Kd = 6.0 × 108 mL g−1). Here, the high removal performance of Pb(II) by prGO‐MoS2 is delineated based on affinity between Pb(II) and S2− and oxygen moieties, electrochemistry, and the unique structural characteristics.

A coupling technology of capacitive deionization and carbon-supported petal-like VS2 composite for effective and selective adsorption of lead (II) ions

• ZAC@VS 2 disperses the modified tubular carbon material in VS 2 lamella. • ZAC@VS 2 has improved active sites and conductivity. • ZAC@VS 2 shows considerable specific capacitance and low charging resistance. • ZAC@VS 2 electrode displays a prominent heavy metal ions of lead (II) adsorption capacity and rate. • ZAC@VS 2 electrode has the superior ion selectivity to Pb 2+ than Fe 3+ and Na ± . The conventional separation technologies, like chemical precipitation and adsorption processes, cannot quickly and selectively separate and recycle heavy metal ions from waste. Due to its rich sulfur content and excellent electrical conductivity, vanadium disulfide is a potential material for effectively removing lead from wastewater. The vanadium disulfide material with selective adsorption ability was introduced into CDI technology to construct a coupling technology with both advantages. The N -doped modified ZIF@vanadium disulfide (ZAC@VS 2 ) composites were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. Electrosorption experiments show that ZAC@VS 2 material presents the remarkable saturated adsorption capacity to lead(II) ions (239.52 mg/g) in the 500 mg/L PbCl 2 solution. In the triplex blend system (Fe 3+ /Pb 2+ /Na + ) with each solute density of 100 mg/L, the saturated adsorption efficiency of 85.4% to Pb 2+ can still be maintained. In addition, compared with the Langmuir(R 2 =0.873) adsorption isotherm model, the Freundlich model (R 2 =0.922) can be better used to fit the adsorption process, which proves that the adsorption process is multilayered and heterogeneous. XPS tests and competitive adsorption experiments show that the electric double layer (EDL) and complexation together promote the selective adsorption of heavy metal ions by ZAC@VS 2 . ZAC@VS 2 composite electrode shows excellent performance in the removal of lead ions in battery waste liquid, indicating the potential of introducing ZAC@VS 2 into CDI to remove lead ions.

Study on conductivity and tribological properties of polyaniline/molybdenum disulfide composites in lithium complex grease

AbstractPolyaniline/molybdenum disulfide (PANI/MoS2) composites doped with hydrochloric acid were synthesised by in situ polymerisation and characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The tribological properties of PANI/MoS2 as composite lithium grease additive were investigated by MFT‐R4000 current‐carrying friction and wear tester. SEM observed the surface morphologies of the wear scars, and energy dispersive spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysed the element distribution and chemical state. The results show that PANI/MoS2 composites have better tribological and electrical properties than PANI and MoS2 additives alone and in the same proportion. Therefore, it can be concluded that MoS2 and synergism of polyaniline modifier.