Disorders In Mothers Research Articles

A clinical case of multilocus imprinting disturbances: the first description in the Russian Federation

Multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLID) is a molecular subtype of imprinting disorders (IDs), in which multiple methylation abnormalities of imprinted regions and genes are observed in combination with polymorphic clinical manifestations, including overlapping phenotypic features of individual imprinting disorders. The causes of MLID are mutations in genes encoding oocyte and zygotic factors of embryo development, which increases the risk of recurrent birth of children with imprinting disorders in mothers carrying such mutations. Due to the need to understand the exact risk for repeated childbirth, it is advisable to diagnose MLID in patients with an ambiguous phenotype and a negative result of studies on individual imprinting disorders, followed by a search for mutations in MLID-associated genes. The purpose of the work is to describe the clinical and epigenetic characteristics of a patient with MLID. A clinical case of a comorbid patient aged 12 years with an established molecular genetic diagnosis of MLID by the method of methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) is presented. The features of the patient’s phenotype allow us to demonstrate the effect of hypomethylation of several differentially methylated regions of imprinted genes on the formation of a polymorphic phenotype, including overlapping signs of individual imprinting disorders, and to assess the difficulty of making an unambiguous clinical diagnosis for this patient. Pronounced clinical polymorphism, negative results of previously conducted molecular genetic studies on certain forms of imprinting disorders allow us to consider the MLID study as a first-line test for the diagnosis of methylation abnormalities in MLID and imprinting disorders.

Effect of bitter orange blossom distillate on anxiety and sleep disorder in mothers with infants admitted to neonatal intensive care unit: A Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Mothers of neonates admitted to the intensive care unit are prone to sleep disorders due to stress and anxiety. Some herbs have anti-anxiety and sedative properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bitter orange blossom distillate on anxiety and sleep disorders in mothers with infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted from 2021 May 15 to 2022 February 2, on 60 mothers with NICU-admitted infants in one of the medical teaching centers affiliated with Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Permuted block randomization was used to assign the mothers to the experimental (bitter orange blossom distillate syrup) and control groups (syrup prepared from water and sugar). Given the impossibility of blinding the participants, allocation concealment was used to prevent the researcher from predicting the future allocation of the samples to the groups. In addition, the statistical consultant received coded data pertaining to the type of intervention in each group. A demographic questionnaire, the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the General Sleep Disorder Scale were employed to collect data. We assessed the level of anxiety and sleep disorder (in both groups before the intervention and again after the last day of the intervention). Data were analyzed using SPSS V22 software. A P-value less than 0.05 were considered significant. The mean and standard deviation of the sleep disorder score in the intervention group from (50.26±5.81) to (44.70±6.94) and in the control group from (50.46±6.95) to (48.53±8.62) changed. The covariance test showed that bitter orange blossom distillate syrup has a significant effect on the improvement of sleep disorders (P = 0.01, Effect size = 0.09), but there was no significant difference in the State and Trait anxiety level of mothers (P = 0.122, 0.144 and Effect size = 0.04, 0.03) respectively. Due to the positive effect of bitter orange blossom distillate syrup on sleep disorders of mothers with hospitalized babies, this low-cost and low-risk intervention is recommended. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as Trial ID = IRCT20201209049666N1.

Gestational administration of Bifidobacterium dentium results in intergenerational modulation of inflammatory, metabolic, and social behavior

Prenatal stress (PNS) profoundly impacts maternal and offspring health, with enduring effects including microbiome alterations, neuroinflammation, and behavioral disturbances such as reductions in social behavior. Converging lines of evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that PNS disrupts tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathways and reduces gut Bifidobacteria, a known beneficial bacterial genus that metabolizes Trp. Specifically, previous work from our lab demonstrated that human prenatal mood disorders in mothers are associated with reduced Bifidobacterium dentium in infants at 13 months. Given that Bifidobacterium has been positively associated with neurodevelopmental and other health benefits and is depleted by PNS, we hypothesized that supplementing PNS-exposed pregnant dams with B. dentium would ameliorate PNS-induced health deficits. We measured inflammatory outputs, Trp metabolite levels and enzymatic gene expression in dams and fetal offspring, and social behavior in adult offspring. We determined that B. dentium reduced maternal systemic inflammation and fetal offspring neuroinflammation, while modulating tryptophan metabolism and increasing kynurenic acid and indole-3-propionic acid intergenerationally. Additional health benefits were demonstrated by the abrogation of PNS-induced reductions in litter weight. Finally, offspring of the B. dentium cohort demonstrated increased sociability in males primarily and increased social novelty primarily in females. Together these data illustrate that B. dentium can orchestrate interrelated host immune, metabolic and behavioral outcomes during and after gestation for both dam and offspring and may be a candidate for prevention of the negative sequelae of stress.

Mothers’ Experiences of Factors Affecting Their Sleep in the NICU: A Phenomenological Study

Background: The admission of an infant to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has the potential to increase the mother’s anxiety and stress. Mothers spend long hours and sometimes days nonstop at their infant’s bedside. The present study aimed to explore the lived experiences of mothers about the factors affecting their sleep in the NICU. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using directed content analysis on 16 mothers in the NICU at Fatemieh Hospital affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2023. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. The data in this study were collected through semi-structured interviews. The content of the interviews was recorded, transcribed, codified, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method of data analysis. Results: The analysis of the data revealed 168 primary codes, 19 subcategories, and 8 main categories. The main themes extracted from the mothers’ sleep experiences were individual factors (physical and psychological factors and adaptation to the conditions), environmental factors (physical, social, and economic factors), and occupation (daily activities and duties). Conclusion: Individual and environmental factors and employment are effective in the sleep of mothers in the NICU. These findings enhance our understanding of mothers’ sleep experiences and highlight the importance of addressing these factors in preventing and treating sleep disorders in mothers of newborns in research and clinical practice.

Prevalence of postnatal anxiety disorders in mothers of preterm infants: a systematic review protocol.

The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate and synthesize the available evidence on the prevalence of postnatal anxiety disorders in mothers of preterm infants within 12 months of delivery. Mothers of preterm infants report more postpartum psychological problems than other mothers. Anxiety disorders are among the most frequently reported manifestations, and affect the quality of maternal care and the baby's development. However, data on the prevalence of postnatal anxiety disorders in mothers of preterm infants are inconsistent and imprecise. It is, therefore, necessary to estimate the prevalence of anxiety disorders among mothers of premature infants in order to develop appropriate interventions for screening, support, and treatment. This review will consider studies conducted in any setting and any geographical location that report on the prevalence of any anxiety disorders in mothers of preterm infants within 12 months of delivery. Any analytical or descriptive observational studies and experimental or quasi-experimental studies will be included. MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Google Scholar, MedNar, and the World Health Organization website will be searched for studies written in English or French. Screening, critical appraisal, and data extraction will be performed by 2 independent reviewers using the relevant JBI systematic review tools. The findings will be presented in narrative format, including tables and figures to aid in data presentation. PROSPERO CRD42023428202.

Investigating the Relationship between Religiosity and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Mothers of Children with Cancer Admitted to t Pediatric Oncology Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital , Yazd , 2019

Introduction: Religiosity can help in adapting to difficult situations and provide better care. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between religiosity and post-traumatic stress disorder in mothers of children with cancer. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study conducted on 115 mothers of children with cancer who were admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, in Yazd, in 2019. Sampling was done through convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the demographic information questionnaire, and Mississippi PTSD and Glock and Stark questionnaires. . Descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Pearson's correlation, chi-square) statistical tests and indicators were used; data were investigated and statistically analyzed using SPSS 21 software with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The findings showed that in the post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire, the average score was 97/61±36/78 and the average score of the religiosity questionnaire was 26/77±61/85. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a negative relationship between religiosity and PTSD (p= 0/160, r= -0/132). The average score of PTSD and religiosity among mothers was not significantly different according to various variables such as mother's occupation, child's gender, and education level. The difference in the average score of PTSD in mothers was different according to the characteristics such as education level and occupation. The average score of religiosity was more different when comparing working mothers with housewives. The average stress score after the accident showed a greater difference in mothers according to the type of child's illness. The average PTSD score was 83/87±25/79 for neuroblastoma and 92/33±24/98 for solid tumor disease. Conclusion: PTSD among mothers was close to the cut-off point for the disorder. Although there was no significant relationship between PTSD and mothers' religiosity, it can be said that the severity of mental situation of mothers with severe cancer was effective in the study.

Enhancing Postpartum Mental Health: Evaluation of the Effect of Remote Peer Support Intervention

IntroductionThe postpartum period poses a risk of both onset and relapse of mental health disorders in mothers, which can impact maternal-child relationships and development of children. Timely intervention is crucial, especially considering that majority of at-risk women do not seek professional help.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Mom Supports Mom, a remote peer support intervention, in improving the mental health of postpartum women.MethodsA randomized controlled trial with 488 Czech postpartum women with depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS score ≥ 10 shortly after giving birth) assessed the impact of Mom Supports Mom on depressive and anxiety symptoms (EPDS and Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale, PASS) and health-related quality of life (Assessment of Quality of Life, AQoL-8D) at 6 weeks postpartum. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5 (MINI) was used to assess psychiatric diagnoses.ResultsThe intervention significantly reduced depressive (Cohen’s d = 0.30; p = 0.003) and anxiety symptoms (Cohen’s d = 0.29; p = 0.003) and improved health-related quality of life (Cohen’s d = 0.27; p = 0.008) at 6 weeks postpartum. No significant difference was observed in psychiatric diagnoses between the intervention and the control group.ConclusionsMom Supports Mom intervention reduces postpartum depressive and anxiety symptoms and enhances health-related quality of life. These findings support the integration of peer support into perinatal mental health care, addressing barriers that women face in seeking help.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

High prevalence of common mental disorders in mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome at the end of early childhood.

High prevalence of common mental disorders in mothers of children with congenital Zika syndrome at the end of early childhood.

Serebral palsili çocuğu olan annelerde bruksizm ve temporomandibular rahatsızlığın değerlendirilmesi

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess bruxism and temporomandibular disorder in mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Materials and Methods: 18 mothers of children with CP and 18 mothers of healthy children were included in study. The pressure pain threshold of the masticatory muscles and the upper trapezius were measured with a digital dynamometer. Maximum mouth opening was assessed with a digital caliper. Bruxism was evaluated by a non-instrumental method. Sleep quality, depression, neck disability, and temporomandibular disorder were evaluated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Beck Depression Index, Neck Disability Index, and Fonseca Questionnaire. Results: Pain thresholds were lower (p<0.05), sleep disturbance, depression, neck disability, and temporomandibular disorder were higher in the mothers of children with CP (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that bruxism and temporomandibular disorder are highly observed in mothers of children with CP.

Hemophilia A Research Program (HARP): A Novel Study Design for a Multicenter and Decentralized Prospective Observational Longitudinal Cohort Study in Hemophilia A

Background: Hemophilia A is a rare X-linked bleeding disorder caused by factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency. There is a compelling need in hemophilia to better understand the causes of bleeding in females and the factors underlying FVIII inhibitor development. To meet this need we are establishing a new NHLBI funded Hemophilia A Analytical Cohort Research Program (HARP) as part of a public-private partnership to support an Intergenerational Precision Medicine Program for the study of factor VIII (FVIII) immunogenicity in severe hemophilia A (Harpf8.org). The HARP objectives are: 1) Longitudinal assessment of bleeding in females with a severe hemophilia A genotype beginning in pregnancy; 2) Longitudinal assessment of anti-FVIII antibody formation in severe hemophilia A from birth through at least the first 2 years of life; 3) Studies of causes of bleeding in females with a severe hemophilia A genotype; 4) Studies of the immune response to FVIII in severe hemophilia A; 5) Development of a well-curated annotated data set of genetic, hemophilia, immune, environmental, psychosocial, and quality of life metrics; 6) Development of a multi-omics and immunologic biospecimen resource; and 7) Development of the hemophilia analytical Portal (F8portal.org). Study design: The HARP is a multicenter and decentralized prospective observational longitudinal cohort study beginning in pregnancy. It will follow 50 mother-baby pairs where the babies have severe hemophilia A and the mothers have a severe hemophilia A genotype. The private Clinical Consortium (CC) will oversee the study throughout the U.S., including sites that care for the mothers (up to 200 sites) and sites that care for the child (up to 70 sites). The CC will also conduct decentralized aspects of the study including collection of patient reported outcomes and local sample collection. The primary maternal endpoint is primary postpartum hemorrhage; the primary pediatric endpoint is rate of development of humoral immune response to FVIII and proportion that progress to clinical inhibitors. Mother and child secondary endpoints reflect the diverse research the HARP resource will support. Inclusion criteria for the pregnant person are: Pregnant and prior to 37 weeks gestation, known or at-risk to have a severe hemophilia A genotype, pregnant with a fetus at-risk for severe hemophilia A, ability to give informed consent, and > 18 years old. Inclusion criteria for the child are: severe hemophilia A, born to a person in the study. Exclusion/discontinuation criteria are: Presence of another significant bleeding disorder in mother or child; mother age <18 years; no fetus is at-risk to inherit severe hemophilia A; the child does not have severe hemophilia A; the child has a severe immune disorder; the mother or child participates in another study with blood collection volumes that exceed safety limits; mother's or child's healthcare will be outside the U.S.; the mother is a prisoner; any other reason that in the opinion of the investigator a subject is unsuitable for the study Summary: The HARP innovates in multiple areas of clinical study design to conduct a national prospective longitudinal intergenerational study in a rare disorder beginning in pregnancy. The structure includes a new multidisciplinary CC, systematic inclusion of Lived Experience Experts, strategies for broad community engagement, recruitment, and retention, and decentralized operations. This cohort will enable deep characterization, including genomics and other -omics, on pregnancy-associated bleeding and drivers of FVIII inhibitors in hemophilia A. The HARP Shareable Resource will be comprised of well annotated data and biological samples accessible to researchers through a portal, F8portal.org, and a linked biorepository.

Association of breastfeeding with mental disorders in mother and child: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundBreastfeeding has long been associated with numerous benefits for both mothers and infants. While some observational studies have explored the relationship between breastfeeding and mental health outcomes in mothers and children, a systematic review of the available evidence is lacking. The purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the association between breastfeeding and mental health disorders in mothers and children.MethodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to June 2, 2023. The inclusion criteria consisted of all studies evaluating links between breastfeeding and development of mental health disorders in children and mothers. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) while grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the certainty of evidence. A random-effects meta-analysis was used if possible, to estimate the odds ratio for the association between breastfeeding and mental health outcomes. The Mantel–Haenszel method was utilised for pooling ORs across studies. Study heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.ResultsOur review identified twenty-one original study. Of these, 18 focused on the association between breastfeeding and child health, assessing depressive disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, eating disorders and borderline personality disorder. Three studies evaluated the associations between breastfeeding and maternal mental health disorders. Three studies looking at outcomes in children showed no significant association between breastfeeding and occurrence of schizophrenia later in life (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.57–1.71; I2 = 29%). For depressive disorders (5 studies) and anxiety disorders (3 studies), we found conflicting evidence with some studies showing a small protective effect while others found no effect. The GRADE certainty for all these findings was very low due to multiple limitations. Three studies looking at association between breastfeeding and maternal mental health, were too heterogeneous to draw any firm conclusions.ConclusionsWe found limited evidence to support a protective association between breastfeeding and the development of mental health disorders in children later in life. The data regarding the association between breastfeeding and maternal mental health beyond the postnatal period is also limited. The methodological limitations of the published literature prevent definitive conclusions, and further research is needed to better understand the relationship between breastfeeding and mental health in mothers and children.

Borderline personality disorder in mothers, maternal sensitivity, and infant social withdrawal: a study on clinical dyads referred to perinatal mental health units

ABSTRACT Behavioural, cognitive and emotional dysregulation related to parent borderline personality disorder (BPD) may have a major impact on parent–infant interactions. We investigated the ways in which infant social withdrawal and mother sensitivity may be associated to a BPD diagnosis in mothers. Two groups of clinic-referred mother–infant dyads were set up: one in which consulting mothers were diagnosed with BPD. Infant social withdrawal and maternal sensitivity were assessed during free-play interactions videotaped within a clinical setting. Mothers with BPD showed lower maternal sensitivity, while their infants displayed higher levels of social withdrawal behaviour when compared to dyads with no maternal psychiatric diagnosis. Infants of mothers with BPD appear at particular risk of adverse developmental outcomes from their very first months of life. Early interventions should concentrate on improving maternal interpretation and response to infant cues, such as identifying nonverbal behaviours and regulating the infant’s emotional states, and on promoting mentalization.

Common Mental Disorder in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: a look at women with children from 0 to 36 months old

Faced with the risk of developing common mental disorders during the puerperium amid the coronavirus pandemic, this research aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the prevalence of these disorders in mothers during this pandemic period. This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study with a sample of 97 mothers of babies aged 0 to 36 months. The participants answered a questionnaire with sociodemographic questions and questions about coping with the pandemic and the Self Reporting Questionnaire of Minor Psychiatric Disorders. The results showed a predominance of white respondents, with a mean age of 32 years, living with partners and with family income ranging from 4 to 10 minimum wages. The prevalence of disorders was identified in 48.6% of the mothers and there was an association between sociodemographic characteristics when the SRQ scores were correlated with the variables: family income; marital status; maternal age; fatigue in the pandemic.

Breastfeeding problems in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in mothers’ opinion

Introduction: The paper presents the analysis of lactation process in the early childhood in children diagnosed with autism spectrum. A structured, detailed interview of mothers and an original survey containing questions concerning lactation and nutrition in the neonatal and infant periods were carried out. Mothers of children with a subsequent autism diagnosis were also asked about worrying symptoms that occurred while breastfeeding. Material and methods: The sample material was obtained from mothers with several children whereas the child diagnosed with autism was in most cases the second one and had healthy siblings. Most surveyed mothers fed children in a natural way at the same time having lactation and nutrition problems in newborns and infants. The paper also presents developmental difficulties at a very early stage reported by mothers in spite of the fact that the full diagnosis of developmental disorders was made at the age of 4 on average. Results: Non-neurotypical symptoms observed by mothers cover the whole range of sometimes very subtle manifestations – from encephalitic scream, sleep disorders, breastfeeding problems, atypical responses, lack of emotional reciprocity to the disorders of sensory processing as well as motor and neurological problems. Conclusions: The study draws attention to the issue of integral child’s development in the neonatal and infant period, the significance of discreet irregularities in the development at a very early stage, which, when combined with the simple screening methods assessing the risk of autism, may be of key importance for timely diagnosis and initiation of adequate forms of therapy. Keywords: breastfeeding and risk of autism, autism spectrum, early symptoms of autism

Intimate Partner Violence among women living in families with children under the poverty line and its association with common mental disorders during COVID-19 pandemics in Ceará, Brazil

BackgroundIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive public health issue that affects millions of women worldwide. Women living below the poverty line experience higher rates of violence and fewer resources to escape or cope with the abuse, and the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted women’s economic well-being worldwide. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Ceará, Brazil, on women in families with children living below the poverty line at the peak of the second wave of COVID to assess the prevalence of IPV and its association with common mental disorders(CMD).MethodsThe study population comprised families with children up to six years of age who participated in the cash transfer program “Mais Infância”. The families selected to participate in this program must meet a poverty criterion: families must live in rural areas, in addition to a monthly per capita income of less than US$16.50 per month. We applied specific instruments to evaluate IPV and CMD. To access IPV, we used the Partner Violence Screen (PVS). The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess CMD. To verify the association between IPV and the other evaluated factors with CMD, simple and hierarchical multiple logistic models were used.ResultsOf the 479 participant women, 22% were positively screened for IPV (95% CI 18.2–26.2). After multivariate adjustment, the chances of CMD are 2.32 higher in women exposed to IPV than in those not exposed to IPV ((95%CI 1.30–4.13), p value = 0.004). CMD was also associated with job loss during the COVID-19 pandemic (ORa 2.13 (95% CI 1.09–4.35), p-value 0.029). In addition to these, separate or single marital status, as well as non-presence of the father at home and food insecurity were associated with CMD.ConclusionWe conclude that the prevalence of intimate partner violence in families with children up to six years of age living below the poverty line in Ceará is high and is associated with greater chances of common mental disorders in mothers. Also, job loss and reduced access to food caused by the Covid 19 pandemic exacerbated both phenomena, constituting a double burden generator factor on mothers.

Prevalence of feeding disorders in healthy infants and children under 3 years of age based on a questionnaire study

Introduction and purpose
 Depending on the source, feeding disorders are common reasons to visit a pediatrician - reported in 2-60% of generally healthy children. This study was designed in order to assess the incidence of feeding difficulties in a group of healthy children aged 6-36 months from the Łódź region and to identify factors that may be related to feeding disorders.
 Material and method
 The research tool of this study was a questionnaire designed by the authors which consisted of 4 personal data questions, 9 questions about the perinatal and neonatal period, 36 feeding questions, 10 questions about child development and weight gain, 10 questions about previous medical history, 30 questions about symptoms, 8 questions about misbehavior during feeding and 14 sociodemographic questions.
 Results
 215 parents completed questionnaires. However, 10 of them were rejected because those participants met the exclusion criteria. Finally, 205 children were enrolled in the study. The difficulties in feeding were confirmed by the parents of 66 participants. Children with feeding difficulties were more often attended to specialist ambulatories, had been diagnosed with food allergies, and underwent speech therapy and rehabilitation. Additionally, the analysis showed that feeding disorders in mothers and the occurrence of stressful situations in the family were more frequent in children whose parents reported feeding difficulties.
 Conclusions
 The incidence of feeding difficulties, in the group of healthy children aged 6-36 months from the Łódź region, was higher than reported in other studies. Therefore there is an urgent need to educate parents on feeding recommendations to modify eating behaviors and overcome feeding disorders, followed by some practical advice on appropriate diet adjustment.

Investigation of anxiety, depression, and adjustment disorder in mothers of children with a seizure disorder in the Georgian population (P1-1.011)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder in mothers of children with seizure disorders and to find the risk factors contributing to developing these diseases. <h3>Background:</h3> Around fifty million people worldwide have a seizure disorder, making it one of the most common neurological diseases globally. Studies have shown that caregivers of patients often experience mental health issues. However, there are few studies about the risk factors contributing to mental and adjustment disorders in mothers of children with seizures leading to chronic depression. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> A cross-sectional study was conducted. Fifty-nine mothers of children with seizures aged 0–18 years were investigated in Georgia using questionnaires including information about sociodemographic, financial, and personal issues, as well as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD7), and Adjustment Disorder–New Module-7 (ADNM7). <h3>Results:</h3> Out of fifty-nine participants, fifty-five had one or more mental disorders. 37/59 had depression, 16/59 had adjustment disorder and 45/59 had GAD. The most common risk factor was financial issues. GAD and depression had a strong association with lack of family support. Adjustment disorder was mainly associated with patients’ mothers being aware of the disease before diagnosis. Stigma was primarily associated with depression, while conflicts within the family were associated with depression and adjustment disorder. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Results of the study suggest that the most common risk factors causing mental distress are financial issues and lack of family support. This opens new avenues to develop preventive and management strategies for these diseases. <b>Disclosure:</b> Miss Alavidze has nothing to disclose. Miss Dias has nothing to disclose. Prof. Tkemaladze has nothing to disclose. Prof. Kasradze has nothing to disclose.

A Psychometric Study of the Perinatal Assessment of Maternal Affectivity (PAMA) for the Screening of Perinatal Affective Disorders in Mothers.

Recently, empirical evidence from perinatal studies has led researchers to pay more attention to fathers. The need to evaluate male suffering led at first to using the same screening tools developed for mothers. However, these instruments present validity concerns with fathers, and today the need to assume a gender-based perspective is clear. The Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA) is a self-reported questionnaire for the screening of a variety of psychological and behavioral dimensions related to affectivity as experienced by fathers during the perinatal period. In the present study, the psychometric properties of the maternal version of the scale (Perinatal Assessment of Maternal Affectivity; PAMA) were examined. The study, based on 225 mothers and their partners (n = 215), used a cross-sectional design with a single assessment at the third trimester of pregnancy. Results indicated a one-factor structure for a seven-item version of the PAMA, which showed adequate internal consistency reliability and was associated in the expected direction with other clinically relevant variables (depression, psychological distress, perceived stress and dyadic adjustment). The findings suggest the usefulness of developing gender sensitive screening tools for the detection of perinatal affective disorders.

Association between vitamin D level in mother’s serum and the level of vitamin D in the serum of pre-term infants

BackgroundVitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is common in mothers and infants. The present study was conducted with the aim of association between the level of vitamin D in the mother’s serum and the level of vitamin D in the serum of preterm infants.MethodThe present descriptive – analytical study was performed on 140 mothers and preterm infants referred to the Kamali hospital in Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was done from available mothers after hospitalization for delivery and their infants during the first 72 hours after delivery. Information from mothers and infants were collected with researcher made check list, including age, type of delivery, number of pregnancies, vitamin D during this pregnancy, infants birth age, gender, and birth weight. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 software.ResultsThe average age of mothers was 28 ± 5 years and the average age of infants at the time of birth was 30 ± 1 weeks. Forty two infants (67%) were boys and 23 infants (33%) were girls. The results showed a high rate of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in mother (44, 49%) and preterm infants (49, 38%). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there is a strong and significant relationship between the serum vitamin D level of mothers and preterm infants (P = 0.001). Logistic regression tests showed that mother’s vitamin D level had an effect on the infant’s vitamin D level.ConclusionConsidering high rate of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency and relationship between vitamin D in preterm infants serum and mothers, diagnostic screenings are recommended to investigate vitamin D disorders in pregnant mothers, which should be planned, implemented and followed up in the form of a therapeutic program to prevent the occurrence of complications caused by this disorder in the mother and infant.

Investigating the relationship between DMFT and mothers' knowledge and attitude about oral health and dmft of 6–12-year-old children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more prone to tooth decay. In this regard, parents, especially their mothers, play a major role in the oral health of their children. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The population of this study was 64 children with ADHD referred to pediatric psychiatric clinics in Isfahan. Inclusion criteria include willingness to participate in research. At least 6 months has passed since their child was diagnosed with the disorder and their child is receiving treatment. Lack of obvious physical disorders, psychotic disorders, mental retardation and chronic diseases in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder with the approval of a psychiatrist. Collaboration for dental examination by a dentist. Exclusion criteria include obvious physical and mental disorders in mothers of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Simultaneous participation in a study similar to the present study due to the possibility of errors in the results. Dissatisfaction with participating in the study and leaving the study during the study. The data collection tool was interview-questionnaire-examination. Clinical interviews were conducted using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia to confirm ADHD and rule out other psychiatric illnesses. Information on decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) of permanent teeth and dmft of deciduous teeth is recorded separately. The score of each index (D, M, F), (f, m, d) as well as the total index (DMFT), (dmft) is calculated for each person. Data were entered into SPSS software version 26 by descriptive statistical methods, one-way analysis of variance, t-test, and calculation of Spearman correlation coefficient. P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The oral health status of children with ADHD did not show a significant relationship with the total score of attitude and knowledge of oral health behaviors of mothers (P &gt; 0.05). The results showed a significant positive relationship between the level of knowledge of the participants and their education level (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The results revealed that mothers' knowledge and attitude about oral health and dental health of children with ADHD were generally at an undesirable level.