Disorders Identification Test Research Articles

Assessment of personality factors amongst alcoholics and non-alcoholics in rural part of Central India: A cross-sectional study

Background Consuming alcohol has a significant negative impact on an individual’s mental, physical, and overall health in India. Recent data from the World Health Organization reveals that alcohol consumption is a leading cause of numerous fatalities. Some individuals may turn to alcohol as a way to cope with grief and anxiety; however, it diminishes the brain’s serotonin levels, potentially leading to suicidal thoughts and changes in personality. Consequently, there is an immediate need for health education and awareness campaigns addressing the consequences of alcohol use. This research aims to assess and compare the influence of personality factors on individuals who are alcohol-dependent and those who abstain from alcohol, exploring their role in the development of alcohol-related disorders in rural areas. Methods This in-hospital cross-sectional study is conducted among adults aged 18 to 65 in the rural region of central India. Employing a non-probability sampling method, specifically the Daniel Formula, a sample size of 180 was determined from the accessible population. The research has received approval from the ethics committee. In both the inpatient and outpatient departments of the Psychiatry unit at the hospital, individuals diagnosed with alcoholism and their non-alcoholic counterparts will be approached. Prior to providing socio-demographic information and completing questionnaires on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), CAGE Questionnaire, and Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF), informed consent will be obtained from the participants. Expected outcome Upon obtaining responses to the aforementioned questionnaires, we will be able to analyze and determine the correlation of personality factors between individuals who are alcohol-dependent and those who abstain from alcohol.

Socioeconomic status, alcohol use and the role of social support and neighbourhood environment among individuals meeting criteria for a mental health problem: a cross-sectional study

PurposeIndicators of socioeconomic status (SES), such as education and occupational grade, are known to be associated with alcohol use but this has not been examined among individuals with a mental health problem. This study developed latent classes of SES, their associations with alcohol use, and examined the indirect effect via social support and neighbourhood environment.MethodsA secondary analysis of the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey was conducted among participants with a mental health problem (N = 1,436). SES classes were determined using a range of indicators. Alcohol use was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Social support and neighbourhood neighbourhood environment were measured using validated questionnaires. A latent class analysis was conducted to develop SES classes. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations of SES and alcohol use. Structural equation models tested indirect effects via social support and neighbourhood environment.ResultsA four-class model of SES was best-fitting; “economically inactive,GCSE-level and lower educated,social renters”, “intermediate/routine occupation,GCSE-level educated,mixed owner/renters”, “retired, no formal education,homeowners”, and “professional occupation,degree-level educated,homeowners”. Compared to “professional occupation,degree-level educated, homeowners”, SES classes were more likely to be non-drinkers; odds were highest for “economically inactive,GCSE-level and lower educated,social renters” (OR = 4.96,95%CI 3.10–7.93). “Retired, no formal education,homeowners” were less likely to be hazardous drinkers (OR = 0.35,95%CI 0.20–0.59). Associations between “economically inactive,GCSE-level and lower educated,social renters” and “retired, no formal education,homeowners” and non- and harmful drinking via social support and neighbourhood environment were significant.ConclusionsIn contrast to the alcohol harms paradox, among individuals with a mental health problem, lower SES groups were more likely to be non-drinkers while no associations with harmful drinking were found. There is also a need to examine the alcohol harms paradox in the context of the area in which they live.

Environmental Suppression Mediates the Relationship between Posttraumatic Stress and Cannabis Use Among Trauma-Exposed College Students.

Trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress (PTS) are prominent risk factors for problematic substance use, but little research has evaluated the mechanisms that link PTS and substance use. Emerging research supports the utility of reward probability (i.e., access to and pleasure experienced in response to environmental reward) as a mediator of the relationship between trauma and alcohol use problems. However, no existing studies have examined whether reward probability mediates the link between posttraumatic stress (PTS) and cannabis use in trauma exposed individuals. In a cross-sectional design, undergraduate students (N = 404) anonymously completed online measures, the Reward Probability Index (RPI; Carvalho et al., 2011), the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL5; Blevins et al., 2015), and the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test - Revised (CUDIT-R; Adamson et al., 2010), to satisfy course requirements. A parallel mediation path analysis model was used to test the hypothesis that RPI scales (Reward Probability, RP; Environmental Suppression, ES) would mediate the relationship between PTS and cannabis misuse. Findings revealed that RPI-ES fully mediated the relationship between PTS and cannabis misuse, whereas RPI-RP did not. Results support the utility of the RPI-ES scale as a transdiagnostic risk factor for both PTS and cannabis use and suggest further investigation into treatment approaches that optimize opportunities for (non-substance) rewarding experiences in the treatment of co-occurring PTS and substance misuse.

Effect of propofol and ciprofol on the euphoric reaction in patients with painless gastroscopy: A prospective randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of propofol and ciprofol on patient euphoric reactions during sedation in patients undergoing gastroscopy and to investigate potential factors that may influence euphoric reactions in patients. MethodsA total of 217 patients were randomly divided into two groups: the propofol group (P group, n = 109) and the ciprofol group (C group, n = 108). The patients in the P group were given 2 mg/kg propofol, and those in the C group were given 0.5 mg/kg ciprofol. The patients were assessed using the Addiction Research Center Inventory-Chinese Version (ARCI-CV) to measure euphoric reactions at three time points: preexamination, 30 min after awakening, and 1 week after examination. Anxiety, depression, and sleep status were evaluated using appropriate scales at admission and 1 week after the examination. The dream rate, sedative effects, vital sign dynamics, and adverse reactions were documented during the sedation process. ResultsAfter 30 min of awakening, the P group and C group showed no statistically significant differences in the mean morphine-benzedrine group (MBG) score (8.84 vs. 9.09, P > 0.05), dream rate (42.2 % vs. 40.7 %, P > 0.05), or MBG score one week after the examination (7.04 vs. 7.05, P > 0.05). The regression analysis revealed that sex, dream status, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score, and examination time had notable impacts on the MBG-30 min score. No statistically significant differences were observed in sedative effects, anxiety, depression, or sleep status between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of injection pain and severe hypotension was significantly lower in the C group (P < 0.05), and hemodynamics and SpO2 were more stable during sedation (P < 0.05). ConclusionThere was no significant difference between propofol and ciprofol in terms of euphoria experienced by patients after sedation in patients undergoing gastroscopy. Ciprofol has demonstrated addictive potential similar to that of propofol, warranting careful attention to its addictive potential during clinical application.

Alcohol screening in 22 Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations: Clinical context and who is screened.

Alcohol screening among Indigenous Australians is important to identify individuals needing support to reduce their drinking. Understanding clinical contexts in which clients are screened, and which clients are more or less likely to be screened, could help identify areas of services and communities that might benefit from increased screening. We analysed routinely collected data from 22 Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations Australia-wide. Data collected between February 2016 and February 2021 were analysed using R, and aggregated to describe screening activity per client, within 2-monthly extraction periods. Descriptive analyses were performed to identify contexts in which clients received an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test consumption (AUDIT-C) screen. Multi-level logistic regression determined demographic factors associated with receiving an AUDIT-C screen. Three models are presented to examine if screening was predicted by: (i) age; (ii) age and gender; (iii) age, gender and service remoteness. We observed 83,931 occasions where AUDIT-C was performed at least once during a 2-monthly extraction period. Most common contexts were adult health check (55.0%), followed by pre-consult examination (18.4%) and standalone item (9.9%). For every 10 years' increase in client age, odds of being screened with AUDIT-C slightly decreased (odds ratio 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98, 0.99). Women were less likely to be screened with AUDIT-C (odds ratio 0.95; 95% CI 0.93, 0.96) than men. This study identified areas where alcohol screening can be increased (e.g., among women). Increasing AUDIT-C screening across entire communities could help reduce or prevent alcohol-related harms. Future Indigenous-led research could help identify strategies to increase screening rates.

Demographic disparities in the limited awareness of alcohol use as a breast cancer risk factor: empirical findings from a cross-sectional study of U.S. women.

Alcohol use is an established yet modifiable risk factor for breast cancer. However, recent research indicates that the vast majority of U.S. women are unaware that alcohol use is a risk factor for breast cancer. There is limited information about the sociodemographic characteristics and alcohol use correlates of awareness of the alcohol use and breast cancer link, and this is critically important for health promotion and intervention efforts. In this study, we assessed prevalence of the awareness of alcohol use as a risk factor for breast cancer among U.S. women and examined sociodemographic and alcohol use correlates of awareness of this link. We conducted a 20-minute online cross-sectional survey, called the ABLE (Alcohol and Breast Cancer Link Awareness) survey, among U.S. women aged 18 years and older (N = 5,027) in the fall of 2021. Survey questions assessed awareness that alcohol use increases breast cancer risk (yes, no, don't know/unsure); past-year alcohol use and harmful drinking via the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT); and family, health, and sociodemographic characteristics. We conducted multivariate multinomial regression analysis to identify correlates of awareness that alcohol use increases breast cancer risk. Overall, 24.4% reported that alcohol use increased breast cancer risk, 40.2% reported they were unsure, and 35.4% reported that there was no link between alcohol use and breast cancer. In adjusted analysis, awareness of alcohol use as a breast cancer risk factor, compared to not being aware or unsure, was associated with being younger (18-25 years old), having a college degree, and having alcohol use disorder symptoms. Black women were less likely than white women to report awareness of the alcohol use and breast cancer link. Overall, only a quarter of U.S. women were aware that alcohol use increases breast cancer risk, although 40% expressed uncertainty. Differences in awareness by age, level of education, race and ethnicity and level of alcohol use offer opportunities for tailored prevention interventions, while the overall low level of awareness calls for widespread efforts to increase awareness of the breast cancer risk from alcohol use among U.S. women.

Prevalence of Alcohol Use Disorders and Self Esteem Levels among Undergraduate Students: A Cross-Sectional Study at Kampala International University's Western Campus, Uganda

This cross-sectional study conducted at Kampala International University's Western Campus (KIU-WC) in Western Uganda aimed to investigate the prevalence of alcohol use disorders and assess self-esteem levels among undergraduate students. Utilizing the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, data were collected from 366 participants to explore the relationship between alcohol consumption and self-esteem within the academic environment. Results revealed that 33.1% of participants acknowledged alcohol use, with 18.6% identified as being at a higher risk of alcohol use disorder. Among alcohol users, the prevalence of alcohol use disorders (AUDIT score ≥20) was 33.9%, leading to an overall prevalence of 11% across the entire undergraduate student population. Self-esteem scores ranged from 11 to 30, with a median of 18. Findings indicated that 7.9% of respondents exhibited low self-esteem, while 91% demonstrated normal self-esteem, and 1.1% showcased high self-esteem. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address alcohol use disorders and promote positive self-esteem among university students in Uganda. Keywords: Prevalence, Alcohol, Disorders, Self-esteem, Undergraduate Students, Uganda.

Personality traits as predictors of recovery among patients with substance use disorder

IntroductionSubstance use disorder (SUD) is often considered a chronic illness in which prolonged recovery, in terms of abstinence, is uncommon. Personality has been found to predict recovery, but not much is known about its long-term predictive ability as the majority of previous studies have had short follow-up periods (≥ one year). The current longitudinal cohort study therefore investigated whether personality traits predict short- (STR) as well as long-term recovery (LTR) in SUD patients. MethodsTreatment-seeking patients with SUD (n = 123) completed the NEO Personality Inventory – Revised. STR and LTR categories were defined as scoring <8 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – C and <2 on the Drug Use Disorder Identification Test – C at the one-year and 6–8-year follow-up, respectively. Whether personality traits predicted outcome was investigated by two-tailed independent samples t-tests, α < 0.05. Additional analysis was conducted with latent growth curve model. ResultsNeuroticism (inversely, p = .004, d = 0.55) and Extraversion (p = .04, d = 0.38) predicted STR (n = 114). Although not significant the effect size for Conscientiousness was above the cut-off for a practical significant effect (d = 0.31). No traits predicted LTR category. Still, the effect sizes for LTR regarding Neuroticism (d = 0.36), Extraversion (d = 0.21) and Conscientiousness (d = 0.27) indicated that these traits have relevance for LTR. The latent growth curve model indicated that these traits predicted the short-term use of drugs and long-term use of alcohol in this cohort dominated by patients suffering from severe poly-SUD. ConclusionPersonality traits predict recovery. The effect sizes indicate that more studies with larger samples on personality traits and LTR are required to understand their possible influences on the recovery process.

Tapping into alcohol use during COVID: Drinking correlates among bartenders and servers.

The COVID pandemic placed a spotlight on alcohol use and the hardships of working within the food and beverage industry, with millions left jobless. Following previous studies that have found elevated rates of alcohol problems among bartenders and servers, here we studied the alcohol use of bartenders and servers who were employed during COVID. From February 12-June 16, 2021, in the midst of the U.S. COVID national emergency declaration, survey data from 1,010 employed bartender and servers were analyzed to quantify rates of excessive or hazardous drinking along with regression predictors of alcohol use as assessed by the 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Findings indicate that more than 2 out of 5 (44%) people surveyed reported moderate or high rates of alcohol problem severity (i.e., AUDIT scores of 8 or higher)-a rate 4 to 6 times that of the heavy alcohol use rate reported pre- or mid-pandemic by adults within and outside the industry. Person-level factors (gender, substance use, mood) along with the drinking habits of one's core social group were significantly associated with alcohol use. Bartenders and servers reported surprisingly high rates of alcohol problem severity and experienced risk factors for hazardous drinking at multiple ecological levels. Being a highly vulnerable and understudied population, more studies on bartenders and servers are needed to assess and manage the true toll of alcohol consumption for industry employees.

Screening for harmful substance use in emergency departments: a systematic review

BackgroundSubstance use-related emergency department (ED) visits have increased substantially in North America. Screening for substance use in EDs is recommended; best approaches are unclear. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on diagnostic accuracy of ED screening tools to detect harmful substance use.MethodsWe included derivation or validation studies, with or without comparator, that included adult (≥ 18 years) ED patients and evaluated screening tools to identify general or specific substance use disorders or harmful use. Our search strategy combined concepts Emergency Department AND Screening AND Substance Use. Trained reviewers assessed title/abstracts and full-text articles for inclusion, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias (QUADAS-2) independently and in duplicate. Reviewers resolved disagreements by discussion. Primary investigators adjudicated if necessary. Heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. We descriptively summarized results.ResultsOur search strategy yielded 2696 studies; we included 33. Twenty-one (64%) evaluated a North American population. Fourteen (42%) applied screening among general ED patients. Screening tools were administered by research staff (n = 21), self-administered by patients (n = 10), or non-research healthcare providers (n = 1). Most studies evaluated alcohol use screens (n = 26), most commonly the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT; n = 14), Cut down/Annoyed/Guilty/Eye-opener (CAGE; n = 13), and Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen (RAPS/RAPS4/RAPS4-QF; n = 12). Four studies assessing six tools and screening thresholds for alcohol abuse/dependence in North American patients (AUDIT ≥ 8; CAGE ≥ 2; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition [DSM-IV-2] ≥ 1; RAPS ≥ 1; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [NIAAA]; Tolerance/Worry/Eye-opener/Amnesia/K-Cut down [TWEAK] ≥ 3) reported both sensitivities and specificities ≥ 83%. Two studies evaluating a single alcohol screening question (SASQ) (When was the last time you had more than X drinks in 1 day?, X = 4 for women; X = 5 for men) reported sensitivities 82–85% and specificities 70–77%. Five evaluated screening tools for general substance abuse/dependence (Relax/Alone/Friends/Family/Trouble [RAFFT] ≥ 3, Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST] ≥ 4, single drug screening question, Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test [ASSIST] ≥ 42/18), reporting sensitivities 64%-90% and specificities 61%-100%. Studies’ risk of bias were mostly high or uncertain.ConclusionsSix screening tools demonstrated both sensitivities and specificities ≥ 83% for detecting alcohol abuse/dependence in EDs. Tools with the highest sensitivities (AUDIT ≥ 8; RAPS ≥ 1) and that prioritize simplicity and efficiency (SASQ) should be prioritized.

A Brief Intervention With Instant Messaging or Regular Text Messaging Support in Reducing Alcohol Use

Alcohol use is prevalent among university students. Mobile instant messaging apps could enhance the effectiveness of an alcohol brief intervention (ABI), but the evidence is scarce. To evaluate the effectiveness of an ABI plus 3 months of mobile chat-based instant messaging support for alcohol reduction in university students at risk of alcohol use disorder. In this randomized clinical trial, 772 students at risk of alcohol use disorder (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT] score ≥8) were recruited from 8 universities in Hong Kong between October 15, 2020, and May 12, 2022. Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to either the intervention or control group. Both groups received the same ABI at baseline, which consisted of face-to-face or video conferencing with research nurses who delivered personalized feedback based on the participant's AUDIT risk level, along with a 12-page booklet describing the benefits of alcohol reduction and the harmful effects of alcohol on health and social well-being. The intervention group then received 3 months of chat-based instant messaging support on alcohol reduction guided by behavioral change techniques. The control group received 3 months of short message service (SMS) messaging on general health topics. All outcomes were self-reported. The primary outcome was alcohol consumption in grams per week at 6 months of follow-up. By definition, 1 alcohol unit contains 10 g of pure alcohol. Secondary outcomes at the 6-month follow-up included changes in AUDIT score, weekly alcohol consumption, intention to drink in the next 30 days, drinking frequency and any binge or heavy drinking in the past 30 days, and self-efficacy of quitting drinking. The primary analysis followed the intention-to-treat principle, and linear regression (reported as unstandardized coefficient B) and logistic regression (reported as odds ratios) were used to compare the primary and secondary outcomes between the intervention and control groups. The study included 772 students (mean [SD] age, 21.1 [3.5] years; 395 females [51.2%]) who were randomly assigned to either the intervention (n = 386) or control (n = 386) group. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the intervention group had lower alcohol consumption in grams per week (B, -11.42 g [95% CI, -19.22 to -3.62 g]; P = .004), a lower AUDIT score (B, -1.19 [95% CI, -1.63 to -0.34]; P = .003), reduced weekly alcohol unit consumption (B, -1.14 [95% CI, -1.92 to -0.36]; P = .004), and less intention to drink (odds ratio, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.47 to 0.92]; P = .01) at the 6-month follow-up compared with the control group. In analyses adjusted for baseline characteristics, interacting at least once with the research nurse on the instant messaging application resulted in lower estimated alcohol consumption in grams per week (adjusted B, -17.87 g [95% CI, -32.55 to -3.20 g]; P = .01), lower weekly alcohol unit consumption (adjusted B, -1.79 [95% CI, -3.25 to -0.32]; P = .02), and a lower AUDIT score (adjusted B, -0.53 [95% CI, -1.87 to -0.44]; P = .01) at 6 months. Results of this randomized clinical trial indicate that mobile chat-based instant messaging support for alcohol reduction in addition to an ABI was effective in reducing alcohol consumption in university students in Hong Kong at risk of alcohol use disorder. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04025151.

Childhood trauma and alcohol misuse in college students: The moderating role of minimization

BackgroundHistory of childhood trauma as a risk factor for alcohol misuse in early adulthood is very well documented. Given the associations between childhood trauma and alcohol misuse, more work is needed to understand the factors that influence this relationship. ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood trauma, minimization of such events and alcohol misuse in a French college student sample. Participants and settingA convenience sampling method was used to recruit students from several colleges located in Western France. The data set included 1180 records with complete responses. MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional online survey. Data collection instruments included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short-Form (CTQ-SF) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). ResultsThe strength of the association between CTQ score and AUDIT total score was increased by minimization score (β = 0.122, p = .07). This result suggests that under-reporting childhood trauma experiences tends to increase the impact of such events on alcohol misuse. ConclusionThese findings suggest that a tendency to minimize threatening childhood events may specifically be related to increased risk of greater alcohol misuse among college students. Therefore, it may be important for clinician to assess minimization of early events in students with a history of childhood trauma.

Prevalence of hazardous drinking and suspected alcohol dependence in Japanese primary care settings

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the prevalence of hazardous drinking and potential alcohol dependence among Japanese primary care patients, and their readiness to change and awareness of others' concerns. MethodsFrom July to August 2023, we conducted a multi-site cross-sectional study as a screening survey for participants in a cluster randomized controlled trial. The trial included outpatients aged 20–74 from primary care clinics. Using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) alongside a self-administered questionnaire, we evaluated the prevalence of hazardous drinking and suspected alcohol dependence, patients' readiness to change, and their awareness of others' concerns. ResultsAmong the 1388 participants from 18 clinics, 22% (95% confidence interval (CI): 20% to 24%) were identified as engaging in hazardous drinking or suspected of being alcohol dependent. As the AUDIT scores increased, so did their readiness to change. However, only 22% (95%CI: 16% to 28%) of those with scores ranging from 8 to 14 reported that others, including physicians, had expressed concerns about their drinking during the past year. For those with scores of 15 or higher, the figure was 74%. ConclusionsThis study underscores the need for universal or high-risk alcohol screening and brief intervention in Japanese primary care settings.Trial registryUMIN-CTR (https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/) (UMIN000051388).

Neuron enriched extracellular vesicles’ MicroRNA expression profiles as a marker of early life alcohol consumption

Alcohol consumption may impact and shape brain development through perturbed biological pathways and impaired molecular functions. We investigated the relationship between alcohol consumption rates and neuron-enriched extracellular vesicles’ (EVs’) microRNA (miRNA) expression to better understand the impact of alcohol use on early life brain biology. Neuron-enriched EVs’ miRNA expression was measured from plasma samples collected from young people using a commercially available microarray platform while alcohol consumption was measured using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Linear regression and network analyses were used to identify significantly differentially expressed miRNAs and to characterize the implicated biological pathways, respectively. Compared to alcohol naïve controls, young people reporting high alcohol consumption exhibited significantly higher expression of three neuron-enriched EVs’ miRNAs including miR-30a-5p, miR-194-5p, and miR-339-3p, although only miR-30a-5p and miR-194-5p survived multiple test correction. The miRNA-miRNA interaction network inferred by a network inference algorithm did not detect any differentially expressed miRNAs with a high cutoff on edge scores. However, when the cutoff of the algorithm was reduced, five miRNAs were identified as interacting with miR-194-5p and miR-30a-5p. These seven miRNAs were associated with 25 biological functions; miR-194-5p was the most highly connected node and was highly correlated with the other miRNAs in this cluster. Our observed association between neuron-enriched EVs’ miRNAs and alcohol consumption concurs with results from experimental animal models of alcohol use and suggests that high rates of alcohol consumption during the adolescent/young adult years may impact brain functioning and development by modulating miRNA expression.

The amount of drunk days and its relationships with other characteristics of alcoholic behavior of the respondents

Introduction Alcohol abuse is a multifaceted problem. Its harmful effects on the individual have been more studied. Less studied is the influence of a drinking person on his microsocial environment. Having an abusing person in his space makes it interesting to study the influence of some quantitative and qualitative indicators of his alcohol consumption on the microsocial environment.Objectives1532 people were examined during 2018-2022, who belonged to three comparison groups: patients with alcohol dependence (AD) (401 people); healthy relatives of AD patients (725 people); representatives of the general population comparable with the representatives of the first two age groups (406 people).MethodsThe main research instruments were the questionnaire of the international research consortium “GENAHTO” (Gender, Alcohol, and Harms to Others), as well as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). The obtained data were processed by methods of mathematical statistics (variance, correlation and regression analysis).Results An algorithm for regression analysis in conditions of high dispersion of the initial data has been developed. Using this algorithm, it was shown that the regression dependence of the main characteristics of alcohol behavior on the frequency of DD is non-linear, while for typical and maximum doses of alcohol it is optimally described by polynomials of the second degree, and for the severity of disorders due to alcohol use (AU), the time spent on AU, as well as self-assessment of the negative impact of AU by respondents on their environment - by polynomials of the third degree. It was found that for men (on average) to reach the border of risky-dangerous AU (according to the criteria of the AUDIT test), a lower frequency of DD is sufficient than for women, which indicates a greater vulnerability of men (compared to women) to the formation of disorders due to AU.ConclusionsIt was established that for men (on average) to reach the limit of risky and dangerous (according to the criteria of the AUDIT test), a lower frequency (2-3 times a week) is enough than for women (3-4 times a week), which once again indicates greater vulnerability of men (compared to women) to the formation of due to psychological problems and mental disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Prevalence of alcohol use disorder in migrants from a Portuguese Center for Refugees: a study protocol

Introduction According to the 2023 statistical report from the Portuguese Migration Observatory, Portugal has received over 72,000 refugees since 2015, with a significant number (56,041) being displaced citizens from Ukraine. This influx includes spontaneous asylum requests. The major countries of origin for refugees in Portugal are Afghanistan, India, Gambia, Pakistan, and Morocco. Notably, refugee populations exhibit elevated incidence rates of specific psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and depressive disorders. These conditions are independent risk factors for substance use disorders. Furthermore, refugees face unique risks related to their migration journey, increasing their vulnerability to substance use disorders. The prevalence of substance use disorders, especially Alcohol Use Disorder, can reach up to 36% in this population. CAR 1 (Reception Center for Refugees) is a vital social facility in Portugal dedicated to enhancing the reception and integration of asylum seekers and refugees.ObjectivesOur primary objective is to determine the prevalence of potential alcohol problems and unhealthy alcohol use within the Portuguese Refugee Center in Lisbon. Our secondary aim is to comprehensively characterize the migrant population. This includes gathering data regarding demographic information, legal status, country of origin, pre-migration alcohol-related issues, psychiatric diagnoses, history of psychiatric evaluations, self-initiated help-seeking behavior, and self-perceived alcohol-related problems.Methods All individuals currently residing in our refugee center (approximately 70 people) will be invited to participate in a comprehensive survey and screening process. Exclusion criteria will apply to individuals with acute psychiatric conditions unable to provide reliable responses. The survey includes the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the CAGE questionnaire. Quantitative data obtained from the questionnaires will be analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS 29 software.ResultsWe anticipate a high prevalence of positive responses to the AUDIT due to potential alcohol-related issues but expect low responses to the CAGE questionnaire due to limited awareness of alcohol use disorder and a reduced perception of the need for help.ConclusionsThis study could help identify and validate the prevalence of alcohol use disorders among migrants, emphasizing the need for appropriate responses. By shedding light on these challenges, we hope to promote effective responses to alcohol use disorder and encourage the utilization of alcohol screening tests in refugee centers, emphasizing the importance of seeking consultation when needed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Dose-response effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on perinatal outcomes.

A better understanding of the effects of lower levels of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), as a common exposure, is needed. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of mild-moderate PAE and episodic binge drinking on perinatal outcomes. The data were obtained from three prospective cohorts with a combined sample of 281 participants: 125 with PAE and 156 without PAE. Alcohol-related measures included the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, timeline follow-back questionnaires (covering the periconceptional period, mid-gestation, and late gestation), and biomarkers. Absolute alcohol per day (AAD) and per drinking day (AADD), number of binge episodes, and maximum number of drinks in a 24-h period were estimated. Perinatal outcomes included gestational age and anthropometric measures. Data were analyzed using correlation and multivariable regression analysis. Among women with PAE, average alcohol consumption across the periconceptional period and pregnancy was 0.37 oz ± 0.74 AA/day (~5 drinks/week). After adjusting for tobacco co-exposure and sociodemographic characteristics, significant associations between all alcohol measures and gestational age at delivery were observed, including cumulative measures of AAD (β = -0.58; 95% CI: -0.98; -0.17) and AADD (β = -0.58; 95% CI: -0.90; -0.26) during pregnancy and the periconceptional period. A significant association between the maximum number of drinks in a 24-h period and birth length percentile (β = -0.70; 95% CI: -1.36; -0.04) was observed in the final model. PAE was associated with lower birth weight percentile in univariate analyses only. Results of this study demonstrate a negative association between mild-moderate PAE and episodic binge drinking with gestational age at delivery and birth length percentile after controlling for other factors. Robust negative effects of PAE, including in the periconceptional period before pregnancy recognition, on duration of gestation highlight the need for primary prevention efforts aimed at PAE in persons of reproductive age.

DRUG AND ALCOHOL USE IN ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

The objective of this study is to prospectively investigate the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of drug and alcohol use among orthopaedic trauma patients. After the ethical approval from the institutional review board, this cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center from 01/09/23 to 29/02/24. Baseline data was collected upon admission and included demographic information (such as age and gender) and a comprehensive assessment of substance use history. Substance use was assessed using validated screening tools, including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST), to capture patterns of alcohol and drug use, frequency, duration, and any previous treatment history for substance use disorders. In the present study, the prevalence of drug and alcohol use among the orthopedic traumatic participants was (40%). Among them, the majority (51%) were using alcohol, followed by marijuana use (25%), and then cocaine (11%). The means of hospital stay of participants in substance non-users and users (2.4±0.8 vs. 6.83±1.1; P&lt;0.0001). Pre-injury alcohol and drug use appear to correlate with extended hospital stays among patients with traumatic orthopaedic injuries.

Abstract P441: Alcohol Consumption and Incident Heart Failure, Ischemic Heart Disease and Atrial Fibrillation Among Current Drinkers: The All of Us Research Program

Background: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) is a clinically validated assessment tool with components that quantify last-year frequency of alcohol use, quantity consumed per drinking day and frequency of binge drinking. We determined the associations between AUDIT-C scores, their components and risks of heart failure (HF), ischemic heart disease (IHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: In the NIH-sponsored ‘All of Us’ Research Program, we followed participants free of HF, IHD and AF who had consumed alcohol in the past year. We created Cox proportional hazards models for incident HF, IHD and AF that simultaneously adjusted for all 3 components of the AUDIT-C, sociodemographic factors, prevalent diseases and smoking status. We also created restricted cubic splines (RCS) regression models to determine the dose-response relationships between AUDIT-C scores and incident HF, IHD and AF. Results: The final sample size was 133,025 adults with a mean age of 50 years. There were 1,411 HF, 3793 IHD and 1072 AF cases over a median follow-up of 45 months. RCS demonstrated a J-shape association between total AUDIT-C scores and HF, an L-shaped association with IHD and a positive but non-significant association with AF. For AUDIT-C components, frequency of intake was associated with incident HF and IHD. Compared to drinking monthly or less, drinking 2-4 times/month, 2-3 times/week and 4 or more times per week were all associated with lower risk of incident IHD. Drinking 2-4 times/month and 2-3 times/week were negatively associated with incident HF. We observed no comparable associations of drinking quantity or binge drinking with risk of HF, IHD or AF. Conclusion: The AUDIT-C provides a quick, straightforward, and informative assessment of alcohol consumption. Among current drinkers, drinking frequency is associated with lower risk of HF and IHD but not AF. Greater quantity consumed per drinking day and episodes of binge drinking are not associated with lower risk of major cardiac diseases and should be discouraged.

Keeping you connected or keeping you addicted? Weekly use of social media platforms is associated with hazardous alcohol use and problem gambling among adults.

A wide variety of social media platforms exist, each offering tailored solutions to attract specific target audiences based on their social media needs and interests. This diversity may pose a risk factor for the development or perpetuation of harmful behaviors. Research has established a connection between social media use and increased health risk behaviors. This six-wave exploratory longitudinal study investigated the associations between active social media use, hazardous alcohol use, and problem gambling among adult social media users. Data were collected via surveys in 6-month intervals, starting in March-April 2021 (T1: N = 1530; Mage = 46.67; SD = 16.42; 50.33% male). Of the T1 respondents, 58.10% participated in T6 (n = 889). Measures included the frequency of use of different social media platforms, the 3-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C), and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Hybrid multilevel regression models were used for analyses. We found positive within-person effects of weekly Facebook use and between-person effects of weekly use of Facebook, TikTok, and gambling-related online communities on drinking. These results suggest an increase in hazardous alcohol consumption over time among the platforms' active users. Weekly Instagram use had a negative between-person effect on hazardous alcohol use. Individuals using TikTok or gambling communities weekly were more prone to problem gambling compared to non-weekly users. There are risks involved in the active use of some social media services among adult users. Prevention work, including digital health interventions, should be targeted according to the appropriate user group.