Discourses Of Masculinity Research Articles

Masculinity discourse on media text: A critical review about news about violence on online news portals

Media as a medium plays a significant role in strengthening gender concept in society. Female’s sexualities are viewed as an object of judgement for the media. For the sake of men readers’ satisfaction, media justifies itself in its attempts to exploit women sexuality. Masculine’s way of thinking has been perpetuated in reports about women. Masculine men are considered empowering female’s bodies. Violence acts are considered as the form of masculine domination over feminine beings. This research aims to dismantle how media construct their texts on masculine discourses on online news portals. Online news portals are required to be swift in uploading news and using their acquired resources; thus, they perpetuate this masculine discourse. Critical discourse analysis of Van Dick was employed to unravel masculine discourse structures on media texts at the largest news portals in Indonesia, Alexa.com; and Tribunnews.com; which belong to a corporate media, Kompas Gramedia. The findings of this research state that online news portals and their acquired resources strengthen violence labelling as a part of masculine domination over feminine beings.

“Looking Like the Other Guys”: the 1914 Mobilization as a Masculine Experienc

The article analyses the key motivations of Czech-speaking soldiers of the Austro-Hungarian army at the beginning of the Great War, finding an important connection between their masculine identity and contemporary gender discourse. While loyalty of Czech soldiers to the Empire is often questioned, it is obvious that many of them were loyal to the image of war as a masculine enterprise: they considered the wartime society divided into the gendered spaces of war (the “front”) and peace (the “home”). By deliberately submitting themselves to the social pressure of collective behavior, and relying on the brevity of war, they hoped that it would bring them all the social capital attached to the hegemonic discourse of masculinity : status, power, access to resources and women. Although this motivation was usually not put in the foreground, their personal accounts make it clear it has played an important role in making them to follow the mobilization orders in July and August 1914.

The Construction of Fathers New Masculinity in South Korea Variety Show Superman is Back

This research focused on the construction of new masculinity in South Korea parenting and fatherhood at the variety showen titled “Superman is Back”. This variety show itself was a part of the existence of Korean popular culture that was also called Hallyu. Hallyu became the phenomenon that swept other popular culture which previously developed in some countries. Hallyu could shift the previous pop culture with the good strategy. The selection of this television show was intended to see how a television program constructed the kind of new masculinity of men, in this case, celebrity fathers that join the show. The qualitative method was employed in this research to find the gender issue and new masculinity discourse which was portrayed by the fathers. The result shows that “Superman is Back” tries to display the different masculinity that is constructed by the show and this is different from the traditional one. This is the alliance of men with new masculinity that is less oppressed women as embedded in the context of patriarchal culture. The portrayals of new masculinity can be seen in the way fathers do nurture, cook, change the baby’s diaper, dance practice, and play with their children. “Superman is Back” is an attempt to show father as nurturer and has the role in domestic tasks too.

“There are too many gay categories now”: Discursive constructions of gay masculinity.

“Masculine capital” refers to the social power afforded by the display of traits and behaviors that are associated with orthodox, stereotypical masculinity. Men who are concerned with their masculine identity may utilize these traits and behaviors to increase their overall masculine capital, and to mitigate “failures” in other domains of masculinity. However, their success at accruing and trading masculine capital may be limited, because different traits and behaviors are not equal in the capital they convey, and their value may vary depending on the social context in which they are deployed. Research suggests that heterosexuality contributes more to masculine capital than other stereotypically masculine characteristics: The possibilities for gay men to accrue and trade masculine capital may therefore be particularly limited, especially in heteronormative contexts. Focus groups were undertaken with gay men, straight women and straight men living in a coastal city in the south of England to explore discursive constructions of gay masculinity, and to examine gay men’s possibilities for accruing and trading masculine capital. Discourse analysis identified constructions of gay masculinity in reference to hegemonic masculinity, where gay men may acquire masculine capital in similar ways to straight men. However, the meaning and value of this capital may also vary, because certain characteristics and behaviors may have different value for and between gay men than they do for straight men, and in heteronormative contexts. The analysis also identified discourses of gay masculinity where it was not constructed as a singular entity, but rather as complex, multiple and diverse.

Gender differences in dental students' professional expectations and attitudes: a qualitative study.

Introduction With the significant increase of women in dentistry, the profile of the dental professional has been altered.Aim To investigate the discourses of future dental surgeons, of both genders, from public and private universities of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, to detect whether gender profile differences can influence training and intended future practice.Methods The problem is approached using a qualitative design, with the strategy of collective interviews in focus groups followed by a discourse analysis.Results Women choose dentistry mainly because they like working with people and want to have formal employment in the future. Male discourses show a desire for professional status, worthy business prospects, and the flexibility of being self-employed. The analysis of the university education process revealed that men desire learning that is more technical, besides knowledge on business management, whereas women still complain of current prejudices in the personal relationships that exist with teaching staff and colleagues.Conclusion The teaching process, based on the technique-driven biomedical model, has not reached an ideal standard for the female gender in terms of training, which would be a model based on empathy and good relationships with human beings.

‘Time to ride the monster train’: multiplicity, the Midnighter and the threat to hegemonic superhero masculinity

ABSTRACTThis article is concerned with how and why a figure such as DC’s Midnighter might be able both to enact the current discourse of ideal masculinity and humanity in comic books, and to usurp that discourse in order to generate new understandings which grapple with the ever-imminent realities of posthuman cyborg bodies and openly lived LGBTQIA+ experiences in a way that does not merely dismiss them as subhuman. It utilises posthumanism, monster theory, queer theory, feminist criticism, and ‘body’ theory in an analysis of the Midnighter in his New 52 run under DC, in order to take a critical look at the multiplicity of the Midnighter’s identity to identify what makes him into such ‘a rare and violent snowflake’, and to demonstrate humanity’s embedded monstrosity.

Masculinity in Gender Relations: Hegemonic Masculinity and Masculine Power Discourse in Turkey

The erosion, or crisis, of modern democracies has long been an issue. One reason for this situation is the masculine structure of politics and governments, and their policies rendering women subordinate to men, which threaten the normative assumption that democracy is affected by the egalitarian structure of society and the gender regime, and similarly, the settlement of gender relations in society depends on a resistant democratic system. In fact, this article demonstrates that politics is culturally perceived as a man’s occupation, and women’s role in active politics is restricted to center-right and center-left parties. This trend is observably continuing today, bringing about masculine discourse and practices in the hegemonic approach to politics.

Pathways to Inhumane Care: Masculinity and Violence in a South African Emergency Unit.

Inhumane treatment of patients by health care providers is reported around the world. A range of explanations has been proposed, indicating the complexity of the multiple factors involved. This article reports on an ethnographic study conducted in a South African public sector emergency unit, exploring the possible contribution of hegemonic discourses of masculinity to delivery of inhumane care in this context. Using ethnographic methods, including participant observation, interviews, audio-recordings of verbal interaction, and narrative analysis, the study on which this article reports explored the discursive practices surrounding incidents of abuse. The article argues that the pressure doctors experience to display strong masculine identities and simultaneous feelings of powerlessness in the face of material realities generates the potential for inhumane acts. It concludes that understanding the metaphors through which doctors interpret their experiences is important both to comprehending and subverting the forces that drive inhumane care.

Desert island data: an investigation into researcher positionality

The nature of qualitative research means that the personal values of an individual researcher can and do (unwittingly) shape the way in which they analyse data sets, and the resultant conclusions drawn. However this phenomenon is under-studied in social research and this article seeks to help rectify this. This article presents findings from a small research project focused on discourses of class, masculinity and work among British male comedians from working-class backgrounds, interviewed on the popular BBC Radio 4 radio programme Desert Island Discs. Six different researchers, from varying disciplinary, methodological and theoretical groundings, as well as from varying personal backgrounds, analysed three interview recordings and transcripts separately. All the researchers wrote up their individual analyses of these interviews and wrote reflexive pieces examining why they thought they approached the data as they did. The researchers then came together as a group to compare and contrast findings and approaches. The results from this study, including the discrepancies and distinctions and final group analysis, are reported alongside a thorough discussion of the project’s methodology. We find that the project evidenced how a diverse research team can bring out deeper and richer analyses, and was a refreshing way to try and answer questions of individual and collective positionality

Impossible Journey: The Liminality of Female Heroes

Tamora Pierce’s Tortall books appear to be about the traditionally construed hero’s journey, though with a female hero rather than the conventional male. Superficially, this change seems insignificant: the “monomyth” is reproduced. Founded upon binary oppositions, this monomyth is the male hero’s journey – the traditional journey. However, while these female heroes may appear to conform, this paper explores how, upon a close reading of the narration of two particular moments of change, or “transcendence”, within that journey, the necessary structure collapses. The journey, as is traditionally conceived, is impossible. The first instance works to construct the apparently stable body as changeable, through the narration of shape-shifting. Through this reading, the obviousness of the body (and of identity) is explored and troubled. The second instance works, through the narration of transition into a womanhood, to question the individuality of the body. The body is again produced as changeable, but this transition works to expand readings beyond individual subjectivity to construct the body as operating within a collective. While collapsing traditional conceptions of myth, these readings also work to reposition and rearticulate the female body outside of myth’s masculine discourse, allowing a reinterpretation of that body in terms of the feminine.

Cultura da violência, dispositivo do amor-paixão, sexualidade e machismo: uma análise do discurso feminino em relacionamentos conturbados

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-1384.2017v14n2p132Este artigo analisa as postagens virtuais de mulheres visitantes de Blog, focado em problemas conjugais. A violência dos casais é analisada pela perspectiva relacional de Santos e Izumino (2005). Sobre o machismo, adotamos a premissa de Castañeda (2006), que o destaca como um discurso e prática não exclusivos dos homens. A ideologia do amor-paixão (Rougemont, 1988) também fortalece a cultura de violência. Partimos também das contribuições de Foucault (1982, 1984, 2012, 2013) sobre o poder e a violência, enquanto relacional, e o dispositivo da sexualidade como outro fator que leva à violência. A pesquisa espera contribuir para uma reflexão sobre a violência contra a mulher e os relacionamentos conjugais, enfatizando a necessidade de alterar os paradigmas culturais, que reforçam atitudes e discursos violentos dentro e fora da família.

The print depiction of King William III’s masculinity

ABSTRACTThis article examines both positive and negative print depictions of King William III, specifically how William’s masculine identity was produced and perceived in relation to readily accessible norms of manhood. That commentators invoked discourses of masculinity to both legitimate and denounce William’s regime suggests the importance of masculinity to kingly meaning. By discussing the ways in which William does or does not conform to gender ideals, commentators reveal that, although freighted differently, normative models of kingship and masculinity shared common expectations and overlapped in easily recognisable ways. As his critics reminded, William III neither achieved the supposed “hegemonic” patriarchal form of masculinity nor that of the ideal monarch because he remained childless. As such, William’s print portrayal sheds light on codes of masculinity in early modern Britain that were constructed in a variety of settings outside of the problematic paragon of patriarchal manhood.

The print depiction of King William III’s masculinity

ABSTRACTThis article examines both positive and negative print depictions of King William III, specifically how William’s masculine identity was produced and perceived in relation to readily accessible norms of manhood. That commentators invoked discourses of masculinity to both legitimate and denounce William’s regime suggests the importance of masculinity to kingly meaning. By discussing the ways in which William does or does not conform to gender ideals, commentators reveal that, although freighted differently, normative models of kingship and masculinity shared common expectations and overlapped in easily recognisable ways. As his critics reminded, William III neither achieved the supposed “hegemonic” patriarchal form of masculinity nor that of the ideal monarch because he remained childless. As such, William’s print portrayal sheds light on codes of masculinity in early modern Britain that were constructed in a variety of settings outside of the problematic paragon of patriarchal manhood.

‘ ¡Quién fuera noche para caerle encima!’ Piropos in Chile: Sexual harassment or ?irtation?

Piropos, a type of ?irtatious street talk, are a discourse practice that social movements against street harassment in Chile have condemned for their male chauvinist and sexist content. This paper analyzes the structure of piropos to see their effects in both the way piropos portray women, and the discourse piropos promote and/or maintain towards women. From a compendium (Memoria chilena, 2008), 67 piropos were selected and grouped based on the conceptual metaphor (Lakoff and Johnson, 2003) they use to represent women in society. Conceptual metaphors represented women as religious entities, food, criminals or offenders, and objects found in nature. A ?fth metaphor included under the label ‘trans?guration’ represents the objecti?cation of the one uttering the piropo in order to get closer to the receiver of this discourse practice. The methodology considered (1) power and social distance (Poynton, 1989; Kerbrat-Orecchioni, 1992) to understand the relationship between the participants of this practice, and (2) transitivity (Halliday, 2014) to understand how lexical choices of both processes and participants re?ect how human experience is expressed. The analysis revealed that the piropos analyzed use several resources to perpetuate a male chauvinist discourse that objecti?es women and considers them as inferior and, generally, powerless.

Photos of breastfeeding in uniform: contesting discourses of masculinity, nationalism, and the military

ABSTRACTThis discourse analysis examined posts in online comment boards about two different photographs of military mothers breastfeeding in uniform to unpack the Discourses that underlie criticism of nursing servicewomen. News coverage in 2012 of a photo of two air-force mothers breastfeeding negatively characterized it as controversial. The news framing in 2015 of a similar picture of 10 army mothers was more positive, presenting it as progressive. This analysis investigated whether the audience responses to the visuals evolved along with the media narrative, and it examined which Discourses were deployed by commenters to critique the military mothers. Discourses of Good Motherhood, the Good Worker, and Sexuality were all found to fuel distain for breastfeeding in public, while Discourses of Military Masculinity, Masculine Nationalism, and Women’s Progress Undermines the Military were aimed specifically at breastfeeding servicewomen.

Дискурс Василия Шукшина и исследование русской мужественности

Дискурс Василия Шукшина и исследование русской мужественности

Do Men in Prison Have Nothing to Lose but Their Manhood? Masculinities of Prisoners and Officers in a Ukrainian Correctional Colony

The article sets out to show how power and identity intertwine. Its close look at Ukrainian prison culture complements a recent string of studies in the “West” by demonstrating the nuanced role of violence and masculinity in men’s prisons. Whereas much of the extant literature links prison violence to a hypermasculine culture, this article, based on a semiethnographic study in Ukraine, details how a masculine-centered, hierarchical prisoner structure curtails violence. Even so, prisoners are forced to exercise masculine agility, as their provisional manliness determines their place in the hierarchy and thus, by extension, their quality of life. I explore how prisoners and officers construct, prove, and maintain their masculine identities in a milieu of rigid structures and limited resources. I demonstrate how masculine models and discourses are diverse, dynamic, and contested and argue that men as agents tap into them to frame flexible identities to suit their needs.

Subjective Experience and Military Masculinity at the Beginning of the Long Eighteenth Century, 1688‐1714

AbstractNo other institution illustrates the tensions between competing normative ideals and discursive behaviours more than the army. At the turn of the eighteenth century the British military had a reputation for being particularly untrustworthy, licentious, immoral and drunk. Using autobiographical sources and focusing on subjective experience in relation to normative expectations, this article questions such stereotypes by looking at four men in the middle ranks of the army officer corps. The attempt of these four officers to understand, perform and negotiate competing norms illustrates the tension that often existed between the expectations of a variety of masculine discourses.

Voices of the Mind

Very little research has examined what goes on in the minds of young men during sex. Such an exploration might reveal gender-normative discourses as well as challenges to such. This discourse analysis understands internal speech as that which both instantiates status quo ideals of masculinity and which challenges them. We use theories of hegemonic masculinity and Vygotskyan notions of “others in the head” to understand how hegemonic masculinity is reproduced during the act of having sex. This study is based on qualitative interviews with thirteen heterosexual young adult US men asking what goes through their mind during sex. Young heterosexual men produce a masculinity discourse that supports dominant constructions of heterosexuality, monitoring their sexual behaviors based on imagined and expected reactions of abstract and very real male reference groups. The analysis shows men describing thoughts during sex that make sex like work, keeps in mind a variety of other people, some literally awaiting news of the sex, and some abstract representations of masculinity. Men report a constant self-evaluation based on women’s performances of pleasure, for example, screaming, never construed as inauthentic, or as a performance at all. Thoughts about masculinity were not present in intimate moments when men described a “letting go of masculinity” in order to be intimate.

Die Weisheit Sophia—ein ganzer Kerl? Königsideologie und Männlichkeitsdiskurs—einige Überlegungen zu Weish 8

At first glance, the author of Wisdom 8 tells us the love story of King Solomon and Sophia. However, a closer look reveals that he wittily draws on familiar motifs from Hellenistic, Egyptian and Jewish backgrounds. By means of appropriation and transformation, he intertwines various semantic threads and unleashes an entirely new image of Lady Wisdom. Scrutinizing components such as royal and philosophical ideologies, the contest for excellence, and asceticism exposes a discourse of inherent masculinity. At the end of this golden thread, there emerges the idea of re-engendering.