Educational Disadvantage Research Articles

Условия реализации «сознательно-товарищеских» начал организационно-управленческой модели А. Богданова

The paper continues the discussion of the problem “The significance of A. A. Bogdanov’s tectology for modern systems theory and its applications”, posed in the report of G. B. Kleiner “A new look at the socio-economic space: A. Bogdanov’s organizational and managerial model” at the XXVI International scientific-practical conference “System Analysis in Design and Management”. The article is devoted to the study of the conditions for the implementation of the “consciously comradely” principles of the organizational and managerial model of A. Bogdanov. Difficulties in the implementation of “consciously comradely” principles in a modern society with a diversified economy are discussed. A model of the system is presented that is applicable for modeling organizational management of any degree of generality in space and time. The projection of the spatial model on the time axis allows using the past for a more complete analysis of the current state of the system and predicting its future. It is emphasized that in the idea of “conscious cooperation” the determining link is a person, his personal qualities. The obstacles in the upbringing of a socially oriented personality are discussed. The predominance of the animal nature in man during critical periods of the development of society is indicated. The problems of educating a harmonious personality and the factors preventing this are discussed. The disadvantages of domestic education include uncritical borrowing of the current knowledge of the world community without taking into account their historicism, which affects the loss of national identity and originality of national development. Another disadvantage is the narrow specialization of workers, which does not contribute to the development of complex systems thinking. The conditions for the emergence of comradely relations in the labor collective are listed. An opinion is expressed about their low dependence on the structure of the economy and finiteness in time.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Game Edukasi WordWall Bagi Guru SMA Dharma Amiluhur Yogyakarta

This community service aims to provide training on creating a WordWall educational game for teachers at SMA Dharma Amiluhur, Sedayu, Special Region of Yogyakarta. The training was held in May at the school and was attended by 25 teachers of all subjects. This activity begins with an introduction regarding the types of educational games, the advantages and disadvantages of each educational game, and the latest developments related to the benefits of using educational games for learning. In addition, this service is also focused on providing knowledge and understanding to teachers at Dharma Amiluhur High School regarding the benefits of the WordWall educational game, the features on the website and how to make it. The results of the dedication show that the success indicators have been achieved, namely ≥75% of teachers understand the benefits and features of WordWall, attendance at each meeting is 80%, and all teachers can make educational games WordWall with various features available even in learning that takes place after training, teachers at SMA Dharam Amiluhur have used the educational game WordWall as a learning evaluation website that students must work on. Therefore, this community service has achieved the set indicators of success and the goal of making teachers at the school able to understand and use the WordWall educational game has been achieved.

Socioeconomic status and cecal adenocarcinoma mortality risk: an American population-based analysis

To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and disease mortality in patients with cecal adenocarcinoma in America through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End results (SEER) database. The SEER database was queried for patients with cecal adenocarcinoma in America diagnosed from 2011 to 2015. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used for data analysis. Five social security factors were identified: factor 1, economic and educational disadvantage; factor 2, characteristics related to immigration (language isolation and foreign birth); factor 3, high relocation rate in the county; factor 4, high intra-state relocation rate; and factor 5, high domestic relocation rate. Five clusters defined by SES were identified. The number of all-cause deaths among 17 185 patients was 5948, and the number of survivors was 11, 237. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, with cluster 1 (low poverty rate and high education level) as the reference, the hazard ratio (HR) of cluster 3 (high intra-county mobility rate) was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.04-1.21, P < 0.05), and the risk was 13% higher than that of cluster 1. The HR of cluster 4 (low language isolation, foreign birth, housing overcrowding, and intra-country mobility rates) was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07- 1.24, P < 0.001) with a 15% higher risk than cluster 1. The HR of cluster 5 (economic and educational disadvantages, immigration-related characteristics, and low intra-country mobility) was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.03-1.20, P < 0.01) with a 11% higher risk. The factors related to SES indicators were based on the mortality of patients with cecal adenocarcinoma, indicating that low economic and education levels are risk factors for cecal adenocarcinoma. Low socioeconomic status is associated with an increased risk of death in patients with cecal adenocarcinoma in the United States and show different distribution patterns based on population. Improving health insurance policies and strengthening psychotherapy can provide guidance for improving prognosis f cecal adenocarcinoma patients.

Numeracy and literacy attainment of children exposed to maternal incarceration and other adversities: A linked data study

Parental incarceration has been associated with educational disadvantages for children, such as lower educational attainment, increased grade retention, and truancy and suspensions. However, children exposed to parental incarceration often experience other adversities that are also associated with educational disadvantage; the contribution of these co-occurring adversities has not been considered in previous research. This study aimed to investigate the educational outcomes of children exposed to (a) maternal incarceration alone and (b) maternal incarceration plus other adversities (i.e., maternal mental illness and/or child protective services [CPS] contact). We used linked administrative data for a sample of children whose mothers were incarcerated during the children's childhood (i.e., from the time of mother's pregnancy through the child's 18th birthday; n = 3828) and a comparison group of children whose mothers had not been incarcerated (n = 9570). Multivariate multinomial logistic regressions examined the association between exposure to the three adversities (i.e., maternal incarceration, maternal mental illness, and child CPS contact) and above or below average reading and numeracy attainment in Grades 3, 5, 7 and 9. At all grade levels, children exposed to maternal incarceration alone and those exposed to maternal incarceration plus other adversities had increased odds of below average numeracy and reading attainment and decreased odds of above average numeracy and reading attainment compared to children without any of the recorded exposures. Children exposed to maternal incarceration and CPS contact and those exposed to all three adversities had increased odds of below average reading and numeracy attainment compared to children exposed to maternal incarceration alone. The findings highlight the complex needs of children of incarcerated mothers that must be considered when designing and delivering educational support programs. These children would benefit from the implementation of multi-tiered, trauma-informed educational and clinical services.

Challenges Arising from Universal Free Basic Education, Eswatini

Aims: In Eswatini, assiduous efforts are made to make education accessible to all, disadvantaged inclusive. The study examined public primary school teacher challenges as a result of free basic education (FBE), identified its impact, and conceivable mitigation strategies.&#x0D; Study Design: The empirical procedure adopted the qualitative and quantitative design approaches to give insightful factual outcomes that can be generalized. &#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Randomly selected public primary schools from the four regions of Eswatini participated in the study during the 2020 to 2021 academic year.&#x0D; Methodology: Population covered 30 teachers sampled under convenience and referral from 15 randomly selected schools. Data was collected by means of surveys.&#x0D; Results: Teachers had a common opinion of the significance of FBE, it opened doors for children who would otherwise have missed a chance for education. Further findings indicated a plethora of problems since the introduction of FBE, such as shortages of teaching-learning facilities/resources, influx of learners, lack of attention to individual learner needs and trajectories, declined discipline, and deficient in teaching staff. Also, the deterioration of quality education due to automatic promotional policy.&#x0D; Conclusion: Patterns of educational disadvantage must be tackled in Eswatini, visible drawbacks were shortage in facilities/materials needed for instruction, decline in discipline, difficile in attending to special needs learners in overcrowded classrooms, limiting productivity of schools, teachers, learners, and quality of education. It is hoped that the findings would shed more light on FBE for multi-stakeholder collaborations that will bring about decisions and strategies to affect its success for productive educational goals.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Digital Education for Children

Education play and imp.role in all aspects of education. after COVID 19 digital education is very imp. in all aspects.

The Impact of Online Education in Bangladesh- A Case Study During Covid 19

Educational Data mining is a conspicuous research area that helps to develop an educational context. The primary purpose of this work is to find out the factors or attributes for finding out the impact of online education on school-level students in Bangladesh. To prepare the attributes, help was taken from some of the renowned persons of the English Medium and Bangla medium Schools in Bangladesh, such as the principal, vice-principal, coordinator, teacher, human resources manager, parents, and students. A set of questionnaires with 20 different questions were prepared. Google Forms collects data from students to identify the relevant attributes. This study reveals the main factors of online education in Bangladesh for school-level students. This study finds the strengths and weaknesses of online education for students. It refers to the idea of overcoming the disadvantages of online education. In the future, this study will help to implement a better online education system for school students in Bangladesh

Associations of Early-Life Adversity With Later-Life Epigenetic Aging Profiles in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Epigenetic biomarkers of accelerated aging have been widely used to predict disease risk and may enhance our understanding of biological mechanisms between early-life adversity and disparities in aging. With respect to childhood adversity, most studies have used parental education or childhood disadvantage and/or have not examined the role played by socioemotional or physical abuse and trauma in epigenetic profiles at older ages. This study leveraged data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) on experiences of threat and deprivation in participants' early lives (i.e., before the age of 18 years) to examine whether exposure to specific dimensions of early-life adversity is associated with epigenetic profiles at older ages that are indicative of accelerated biological aging. The sample included 842 MESA respondents with DNA methylation data collected between 2010 and 2012 who answered questions on early-life adversities in a 2018-2019 telephone follow-up. We found that experiences of deprivation, but not threat, were associated with later-life GrimAge epigenetic aging signatures that were developed to predict mortality risk. Results indicated that smoking behavior partially mediates this association, which suggests that lifestyle behaviors may act as downstream mechanisms between parental deprivation in early life and accelerated epigenetic aging in later life.

Childhood health and educational disadvantage are associated with adult multimorbidity in the global south: findings from a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative surveys in India and Brazil

IntroductionMultimorbidity has emerged as a major healthcare challenge in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India and Brazil. Life course epidemiology suggests that adverse events in early life contribute to an...

A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Traditional Educational Thoughtand Western Educational Thought-- Taking Chinese High School Education as an Example

The education transformation and pattern have been enriched by global modernization. It generally promotes and bringsopportunities to the strategies and practice of internalizing education. Meanwhile, it improves the school’s runninglevel of international education. These are the intrinsic needs for the development of education and the inevitablerequirements of the development of the times. There are advocates of Western educational concepts who hold blindpursuits. Every education mode has imperfections; some aspects are usually sacrificed based on the background theory.This essay has comprehensively reviewed the educational thoughts and pedagogy of student learning in China. It hasdiscussed the theoretical background of Chinese and Western educational thoughts and the features, development,advantages, and disadvantages of Chinese high school education and international high school education in China. Bycomparing these two types of high school education evaluation systems, teaching system, and curriculum system, itcan be seen that they reflect different educational thoughts, which have their strengths and weaknesses. Based on theanalysis, it is significant to discover that two education systems can learn from each other to create a more effectivelearning environment. Ultimately, it is hoped that this study could give possible solutions and prospects for the future ofChinese high school education.

Mathematics homework and the potential compounding of educational disadvantage

Parental involvement in schooling has been shown to have a positive impact on children’s educational outcomes. With changing mathematics curricula and pedagogical approaches as a context, we explore how mathematical dispositions emerge through gendered and classed experiences with mathematics homework. We share the experiences of mothers from eight Canadian families as they negotiate mathematics homework with their children. We consider the impact of their differing access to resources and highlight the way mathematics homework disrupts family time, creates tension, and contributes to a sense of inadequacy for some mothers. This results in mothers and children having negative experiences with mathematics homework, which can lead to the compounding of intergenerational negative mathematical dispositions and identities.

A Travel Book by an Artist-Pensioner: The Russian Artistic Community in Italy and the Disadvantages of Academic Education

The article is devoted to an album of drawings by an unknown Russian artist-pensioner of the mid-1850s from the circle of A.P. Bogolyubov. The young draughtsman, who had an excellent academic education, traveled around Italy, drawing typical views and genre scenes, while to a greater extent trying on the role of S. Shchedrin and K. Bryullov in his search for creative identity. The album is set within the broad context of the work in Italy of young Russian artists. Similar stylistic and iconographic analogies are drawn from similar sources — the travel sketches of A.P.Bogolubov and F.A. Bronnikov, as well as the album of F.A. Klages. A careful comparison of the works by the novice masters allows us to draw conclusions about the common problems experienced by the young graduates of the Imperial Academy of Arts who had excellent technical skills and, at the same time, a poor readiness for individual artistic exploration. The drawings examined in the article significantly expand the circle of visual sources on the Russian artistic community in Italy. In some cases there are portraits and caricature, as well as the development of the iconography of typical scenes (for example, “Interrupted rendezvous” by Karl Bryullov or “Temptation” by N. Shilder). The album contains many inscriptions, which are also published alongside to facilitate the identification of the author by subsequent researchers.

Reinventing selves and connections through community volunteering: how care leavers and their supporters create a space for agency and self-work

Young people leaving out-of-home care experience higher levels of emotional, social, educational and vocational disadvantage when compared with peers from stable home-care environments. Care leavers’ educational trajectories may be interrupted, their development of self-identity during transition through adolescence disturbed, and their social and emotional development disrupted due to their diminished accumulation of social and cultural capital. This article presents a re-analysis of the qualitative data derived from a mixed-method study of the experience of young care leavers engaged with a community-based volunteering project in the United Kingdom. We describe how young care leavers developed self-efficacy through volunteering and show how care leavers create a space for agency and self-work, negotiate and cultivate identities independent from statutory supports, and situate themselves within wider relational and social contexts. Implications for future research, policy and practice with younger people leaving statutory care are explored.

Staffing remote schools: Perennial failure

Educational and socioeconomic disadvantage in remote communities, and the inadequacies of government action to bring about significant change needs to be addressed. This article presents a descriptive study examining the complexities of staffing remote and very remote schools in Australia with appropriately-qualified teachers. The findings of analysis of data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) on behalf of the Australian Government through the National Schools Statistics Collection (NSSC) indicate that the majority of students in remote schools in Australia live, and are educated in, Indigenous communities in three jurisdictions. This raises concerns of unacknowledged and unacceptable discrimination. Complexity within the current approach to resourcing of remote and very remote schools in Australia, especially in relation to economies of scale are explored. The analysis of existing data was discussed, and how this may be used to address the perennial failure to develop quality decisions, particularly in areas of resourcing in remote and very remote schools.

Istorical analysis of the educational process of Кazakhstan within the European space

he authors study the accession of the Republic of Kazakhstan to the Bologna Declaration and the formation of the 4+2+3 system in the field of higher education after the accession process. In addition, this work provides a comparative analysis of academic mobility and the educational system in the European space and in Kazakhstan. Higher vocational education and its advantages and disadvantages for the countries of the Bologna system are also considered. The authors also identify national changes and similarities in the education system through the prism of the entry of universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan into the European educational space. The article reveals the shortcomings and changes of the Bologna system in terms of its importance to the republican education system. The authors conduct a comparative analysis of post-Soviet countries according to their transition to the modern European educational space. The article also studies the issue of students and teachers leaving the state to gain experience in the development of science space and exemplary universities in European countries. The main objective of the paper is to analyze the position and the role of the Bologna system that has spread from European countries to Kazakhstan, while the relevance lies in its implementation experience and prospects in the present time. It is well known that the current educational system of the European Union plays a dominant role in European countries, as well as in Central Asian and post-Soviet countries. In the study, the authors aim to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of European education through a SWOT analysis.

Nilai-Nilai Keislaman pada Pendidikan Ketarunaan (Studi terhadap SMK Pelayaran Buana Bahari Cirebon)

The purpose of conducting research on Islamic values in cadet education is to explore, identify and analyze the application of the process of cadet education programs, Islamic values in cadet education, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of cadet education at Vocational High School Pelayaran Buana Bahari Cirebon. The research method used is a qualitative approach. The data collection technique is first, using interviews with principals, teachers, instructors, cadets and parents. Second, observation on educational activities for 24 hours. Third, the study of documentation on archives and documents at SMK Pelayaran Buana Bahari Cirebon. The results show that the youth education system is by implementing a boarding or boarding program with a semi-pesantren approach, class learning according to scheduled subjects, ceremonies and apples every morning and evening, sports by running and push-ups, congregational prayers, congregational yasinan, commemoration of Islamic Holidays and mental and character development of cadets. The Islamic values obtained by the cadets are religious values, commendable moral values to teachers, the value of caring for social and environmental concerns, the value of religious moderation and the value of love for the homeland. The advantages of cadet education are the balance of spiritual, intellectual and physical aspects of cadets. Meanwhile, the weakness of cadet education is the existence of a punishment syndrome, the presence of thick seniority, negative parents' suspicions on the school and the tight schedule of cadet activities that drain the cadets' energy and minds.

Examining Merits and Demerits of Master's Virtual Programs of English from Students’ Perspectives in light of ‎Motivation and Self-Efficacy

Introduction: Due to the current situation (coronavirus pandemic) as well as time and place ‎restrictions, the replacement of traditional classes with online courses is prevailing, and ‎instructors and learners rarely attend in a classroom. Thus, an unexpected immersion in virtual ‎learning revealed the advantages and disadvantages of virtual education. The present study ‎aimed to explore the merits and the demerits of the virtual master’s program of the English department ‎of universities regarding students' perspectives on motivation and self-efficacy. Methodology: The researchers developed and validated an instrument ‎that measured online students' self-efficacy and motivation toward the virtual programs. Relying on the semi-structured interviews and open-ended ‎questions, the researchers developed a 21-item scale on a 5-point Likert scale. The designed scale distributed among 151 students from four universities in ‎Mashhad, Iran. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis as well as correlational analysis were performed to answer the research questions. The SEM model was used to explore the interrelationships among attitudes toward virtual ‎programs, self-efficacy, and motivation Results: The obtained results indicate an acceptable level of reliability for the scale (0.82). The findings indicated that the independent variable of the virtual program of the ‎university positively had a direct relationship with the dependent variables of the study, which were motivation ‎and self-efficacy. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that virtual education still needs new expertise and more developed skills from educational designers and programmers to students and instructors.

Enhancing Student Engagement: Harnessing “AIED”’s Power in Hybrid Education—A Review Analysis

Hybrid learning is a complex combination of face-to-face and online learning. This model combines the use of multimedia materials with traditional classroom work. Virtual hybrid learning is employed alongside face-to-face methods. That aims to investigate using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to increase student engagement in hybrid learning settings. Educators are confronted with contemporary issues in maintaining their students’ interest and motivation as the popularity of online and hybrid education continues to grow, where many educational institutions are adopting this model due to its flexibility, student-teacher engagement, and peer-to-peer interaction. AI will help students communicate, collaborate, and receive real-time feedback, all of which are challenges in education. This article examines the advantages and disadvantages of hybrid education and the optimal approaches for incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in educational settings. The research findings suggest that using AI can revolutionize hybrid education, as it enhances both student and instructor autonomy while fostering a more engaging and interactive learning environment.

How the Medicine and Science programmes can overcome the impacts of low SES secondary school educational disadvantage

ABSTRACT This study focuses on educational attainment in New Zealand’s undergraduate programmes in medicine and science (N = 750 and N = 4722, respectively), by following four student cohorts over the course of their degree. This research aimed to identify the extent to which studying in competitive academic programmes (Medicine and BSc) attenuate educational disparity related to schools’ socio-economic backgrounds. We found that Science students coming from the lowest Socioe-conomic Status (SES) schools had lower attainment in their first tertiary year but their achievement improved throughout the programme while outperforming all other students in their third year. However, medicine students from lowest SES schools had lower attainment in their first year but from their second year, their attainment was not significantly different from their counterparts coming from higher SES schools. This study’s findings, support the selection processes for these programmes, allowing students from disadvantaged secondary schools to enrol and succeed in competitive academic programmes.

The colours of lawmaking: ethno-racial descriptive representation in Mexico

ABSTRACT A growing body of empirical research in Latin America reveals a correlation between skin colour and disadvantages in income, health, education, and employment. The impact of skin colour in the political sphere, however, remains severely understudied. Is there any evidence to suggest racialised political underrepresentation in Latin America? To analyse the status of ethno-racial representation in Mexico, this paper uses the Classification Algorithm for Skin Colour (CASCo) to collect skin colour data of the (3,000) members of the last six legislatures of the Mexican Chamber of Deputies. The findings suggest that, while legislatures tend to be relatively diverse, positions of legislative leadership are unproportionally restricted to legislators with light skin colour. This article not only provides much-needed empirical data on the political impact of skin colour in Latin America, but it reveals the sociocultural complexities of the political underrepresentation of racialised groups in Mexico.