The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the development of domestic scientific research directions in the field of design and modernization of equipment for grinding and separation of particulate materials over the period 1989–2025. Based on a foresight analysis of doctoral dissertations in the field of mechanical equipment, systems, and technologies, research topics have been clustered, and the dynamics of scientific activity, its geographical distribution, and interdisciplinary connections have been assessed. Key trends have been identified: the predominance of studies focused on centrifugal separators and classifiers (accounting for approximately 40% of all works), a growing interest in mathematical modeling of aerodynamic processes (reaching up to 25% by the 2020s), and optimization of grinding plant operations. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of leading scientific schools and their contributions to advancing calculation methods, structural refinement of equipment, and the development of energy-efficient technologies.

Can a quantum structure be directly identified in laughter? Here, we show that the basic structure of quantum logic can be identified in standup comedies and sketches. We analyzed scripts from standup comedies and sketches, employing a method to reveal the algebraic structures hidden within the semantic relations of the utterances. Our findings revealed that quantum logic is present in many instances of laughter, including punchlines. Moreover, we taught this method to ChatGPT, which corroborated our findings, indicating that the result is objectively significant. Our method and results, which directly address contextual relationships and identify quantum logic, are groundbreaking. We provide a novel methodology for quantum cognitive science and open new directions for research on sensations and emotions in Artificial Intelligence. Our method identifies contextual quantum-logical structure, but does not aim to model human-level general intelligence.

Computationally guided design of N4-(2-methyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N2-phenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine inhibitors of EGFR kinase targeting Cys797.

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies, including lisocabtagene maraleucel, axicabtagene ciloleucel, and tisagenlecleucel, have revolutionized the treatment landscape for patients with hematologic malignancies. However, identification and referral of patients who could benefit from treatment remains a significant challenge, Here, we report expert recommendations for CAR-T therapy referral gathered from 10 experts in oncology, hematology, cardiology, and infectious diseases from a roundtable meeting and/or subsequent reviews between November 13, 2024, and June 9, 2025. We considered the following potential factors: age, performance status, disease status, cardiovascular function, pulmonary function, renal function, hepatic function, infections, and psychological health. Based on existing evidence, we agreed that none of the factors discussed should preclude patients from receiving referrals/further evaluation for CAR-T therapy, particularly with current advances in supportive care and integration of services from other specialties. Timely referral should be made by the patient's primary oncologist to specialists as early as the disease is deemed relapsed or refractory, preferably before the starting the subsequent line of therapy to allow better access to care and improve treatment outcomes. Before CAR-T therapy, holding therapy (before leukapheresis) and/or bridging therapy (after leukapheresis) may be given to patients with high-volume disease, in consultation with CAR-T therapy specialists. Based on the safety profile of CAR-T therapies, experts recommended flexible monitoring and transfer of care back to primary/community oncology physicians, starting from 2 weeks after infusion to improve access to this potentially curative therapy. Adaptations to clinical practice based on the most recent regulations, policy requirements, and institutional guidelines should be made as needed. In summary, a panel of 10 experts provided recommendations for timely patient referral for CAR-T therapy on the occurrence of relapsed or refractory disease and before the initiation of subsequent lines of therapy to improve care access and treatment outcomes. Experts noted that with close collaboration between CAR-T therapy specialists and other medical disciplines, CAR-T therapy remains a feasible option for most patients despite their comorbidities. © 2025 American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Real-time optimal decision-making in multi-park systems based on distributed approximate dynamic programming

Proposed Role for Quantitative Podocyturia as a Clinical Marker of Systemic Endothelial Injury: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease and Longevity.

Superior Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease-Free Survival with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide Relative to Tacrolimus/Methotrexate in Myeloablative HLA-Matched Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

A peak load suppression strategy for clustered electric heating systems based on temperature-variation sequence equilibrium control

Text as an expressive medium plays an important role in contemporary art. From the artistic manifestos and theoretical works written by avant-garde artists to the emergence of modern pieces where text becomes an independent expressive material, the aim of this article is to identify the main creative strategies of contemporary artists working with text, both in terms of creative gesture. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that text was not an independent form of expression for artists in the 20th century. Its main task initially was to substantiate the activities of movements through manifestation. Today, we can observe a return to text as an indispensable element of contemporary artworks. Additionally, the revived interest in zine culture and other printed materials indicates that this area requires analysis and systematization. The methodology is based on a formal description method and comparative analysis, as the material being studied pertains to recent times. The main findings of the article highlight two fundamental strategies employed by artists in this field: text as an object and text as ephemerality. Within these strategies, the author of the article identifies works by artists who are currently actively developing their practices. This allows for tracing the dynamics in terms of the relevance of text usage in contemporary art. Thus, both more "classical" works, where artists engage with the interpretation of the alphabet or the image of a book, and the latest art forms such as the art & science direction, where text can be interpreted as a product of machine creativity, are distinguished. This enables the use of philosophical categories such as "atmosphere" and "auto-curatorship," introduced into discourse in the 1990s and 2010s, for analysis.

Improving the symptoms of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia of women with adenomyosis and myoma in short- and long-term treatment effectiveness of microwave ablation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons mourns the untimely passing of Dr. Kishore Panjwani, one of India’s most renowned pediatric surgeons and hypospadiologists, a visionary teacher, and a beloved mentor to generations of young surgeons. His demise marks the end of an era of grit, grace, and groundbreaking surgical excellence. Born on June 3, 1962, Dr. Panjwani completed his MBBS and MS (General Surgery) from S. N. Medical College, Agra, and M. Ch. in Pediatric Surgery from the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, under Padmashri Prof. Dr. Saroj Chooramani Gopal and Prof. A. N. Gangopadhyay. He also trained under the legendary Prof. H. S. Asopa, whose influence profoundly shaped his surgical philosophy and passion for innovation in hypospadias surgery. Carrying forward this legacy, he became a pioneering figure in hypospadias surgery and pediatric minimal access surgery in India. From his early years as a young consultant at Asopa Hospital to his later role as Director of Galaxy Hospital, Agra, Dr. Panjwani combined surgical brilliance with an unwavering dedication to affordability and access. A former President (2015–2016) and Secretary General (2011–2013) of the Indian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, Chairman of PESI-IAPS (2023–2024), Chairperson SPU-IAPS, sections of the IAPS, and Board Member of the International Society of Hypospadias and Intersex Disorders (ISHID), Dr. Panjwani’s influence extended across continents. His leadership was instrumental in shaping scientific platforms such as PESICON, numerous HYPO Workshops, First PESICON and another in 2024, SPUCON in 2012, and IAPSCON 2016 at Agra, events that reflected his organizational excellence and infectious enthusiasm for collaborative learning. His foresight and leadership gave these groups their scientific direction, structure, and identity. Through workshops, live demonstrations, and orations, he helped shape the evolution of hypospadias surgery, pediatric endoscopy, and pediatric urology in India. Internationally, Dr. Panjwani represented India with distinction at numerous global platforms, including ISHID, ASPU, AAPS, WOFAPS, HIS, and APAPU, where he delivered lectures and demonstrated live surgeries, earning global respect for Indian pediatric surgery. In his last days, Dr. Panjwani carried within him a heartfelt dream – to unite all hypospadias surgeons of India under one academic and collaborative forum. Out of this vision was born the SHAPE Group, an initiative he personally conceived and nurtured as a beginning. What started as an online discussion forum under his guidance stands today as a living tribute to his commitment to science, mentorship, and collective growth. But beyond his illustrious professional life, Dr. Panjwani’s personal journey was one of exceptional courage. He endured severe health challenges, a traumatic kidnapping episode, years of dialysis, a bad COVID-19, ultimately a life-saving kidney transplant donated by his devoted wife, Dr. Sharmila Panjwani. Through it all, he remained a symbol of resilience, humor, and faith. His life’s story – a saga of struggle, survival, and service – inspired many to face their own battles with dignity and hope. A true friend to many, a guide, philosopher, and confidant to numerous young pediatric surgeons, he nurtured talent selflessly, often helping others dealing with professional and personal hardships. His presence at any meeting was marked by warmth, humility, and an ability to lighten even the most serious moments with his infectious smile and effortless humor. Dr. Panjwani was surrounded by a close circle of colleagues and friends – Dr. Sanjay Kulshreshtha, Dr. Rasik Shah, Dr. Ketan Parikh, Dr. Ravindra Ramadwar, Dr. S. Ramesh, Dr. Meera Luthra, Dr. HPS Miglani, Dr. Antony Robert Charles, Dr. Rajendra Saoji, Dr. Deepak Goel, Dr. Rajesh Gupta, me, and many others – who shared his dream of advancing pediatric surgery and its subspecialties. With them, he built not just collaborations but lifelong bonds. Above all, he was a devoted husband to Dr. Sharmila Panjwani and a loving father to two sons, Chirag and Prashant, and Sromona, daughter-in-law, who stood by him with immense pride and strength. Dr. Kishore Panjwani’s life embodied the virtues of resilience, mentorship, humility, and service. His journey – from the operating table to the dialysis unit, from national conferences to international podiums – stands as a shining testament to the power of purpose over pain. The pediatric surgical fraternity will forever remember him not just as a passionate pediatric surgeon, but as a man who taught us how to live – with laughter, learning, and limitless courage. Om Shanti. May his soul find eternal peace and his life’s work continue to inspire generations.

Grit, which can be said to be perseverance and enthusiasm towards long-term objectives, has become a central construct in psychology, education, and organizational behaviour. This paper presents a bibliometric and scientometric review of research on grit and its related literature published from 1995 to 2025. Using a dataset of 1,990 documents obtained from Scopus and processed with R Studio (Bibliometrix) and VOSviewer, the study examines publication trends, influential authors, countries, and journals, as well as thematic developments and collaboration networks. Findings reveal that grit research has grown exponentially at an annual rate of 18.65%, with seminal contributions by Duckworth et al. (2007) and the ensuing methodological and conceptual controversy initiated by Credé (2017). Keyword co-occurrence and thematic mapping illustrate the interdisciplinary applications of grit, highlighting its conceptual overlap with resilience, self-efficacy, positive psychology, and educational achievement. Country collaboration patterns underscore the dominance of the United States, alongside the growing contributions of Asia and Europe, reflecting a gradual but meaningful geographic diversification of grit scholarship. The discussion traces the evolution of grit from a focused psychological construct to a multidisciplinary field of inquiry, addressing key debates surrounding its measurement, dimensionality, and predictive validity across diverse populations and contexts. The paper concludes with theoretical and practical implications for educators, organizational leaders, and policymakers seeking to foster perseverance and passion in achievement-oriented settings. Finally, it outlines a future research agenda aimed at refining conceptual clarity, expanding cross-cultural investigations, and integrating grit more deeply with leadership, sustainability, and well-being. References Bowman, N. A., Hill, P. L., Denson, N., & Bronkema, R. (2015). Keep on truckin’ or stay the course? Exploring grit dimensions as differential predictors of educational achievement, satisfaction, and intentions. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6(6), 639–645. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550615574300 Calo, M., et al. (2022). Grit, resilience, mindset, and academic success in physical therapist students. Physical Therapy, 102(6), pzac038. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/pzac038 Caza, A., & Posner, B. Z. (2021). Mixed associations between grit and transformational leadership behavior. Credé, M., Tynan, M. C., & Harms, P. D. (2017). Much ado about grit: A meta-analytic synthesis of the grit literature. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113(3), 492–511. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000102 Datu, J. A. D., et al. (2023). Grit, academic engagement in math and science, and well-being outcomes. Duckworth, A. L., & Gross, J. J. (2014). Self-control and grit: Related but separable determinants of success. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 23(5), 319–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721414541462 Duckworth, A. L., Peterson, C., Matthews, M. D., & Kelly, D. R. (2007). Grit: Perseverance and passion for long-term goals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(6), 1087–1101. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087 Hu, C., Zhang, W., Huang, W., & Jin, C. (2025). How grit enhances physical exercise in college students: Mediating roles of personal growth initiative and self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. Lee, J., & Park, J. (2024, January 29). The role of grit in inclusive education: A study of motivation and achievement among preservice physical education teachers. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, Article 1332464. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332464 Mechanisms from growth mindset to psychological well-being of Chinese primary school students: The serial mediating role of grit and academic self-efficacy. (2025, May 2). Behavioral Sciences, 15(5), Article 621. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050621 Park, D., Tsukayama, E., Yu, A., & Duckworth, A. L. (2022). The development of grit and growth mindset during adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Schmidt, F. T., Nagy, G., Fleckenstein, J., Möller, J., & Retelsdorf, J. (2018). Same same, but different? Relations between facets of conscientiousness and grit. European Journal of Personality, 32(6), 705–720. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2171 Tang, X., Wang, M. T., Guo, J., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2019). Building grit: The longitudinal pathways between mindset, commitment, and achievement in academics and life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(5), 850–863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-019-00998-0 The moderating role of grit in the relationship between perfectionism and depression. (2021). Frontiers in Psychology. Toyama, M. (2024). Is grit persistence adaptive? Goal pursuit behavior when difficult goals are at stake. Personality and Individual Differences, 213, 112313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112313 Wolters, C. A., & Hussain, M. (2015). Investigating grit and its relations with college students’ self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Metacognition and Learning, 10(3), 293–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-014-9128-9 Zhao, X., et al. (2023). Grit in second language acquisition: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1124517

Analyzing global research trends on osteochondroma to reveal insights into scientific focus, collaboration, and direction. Articles from WOS database were analyzed based on citation counts, titles, authors, journals, years, and countries using tools such as CiteSpace, Bibliometrix, and VOSviewer. Analysis of 1588 publications from 593 journals and 7067 authors across 83 countries shows the USA published the most articles (335, 21.1%) followed by China (200, 12.1%). Leiden University had 79 publications, and Hogendoorn PCW contributed 24 (H index 19). Flemming DJ, Kransdorf MJ, and Murphey MD each received 314 local citations. Cureus Journal of Medical Science published 37 papers, while Skeletal Radiology had 33. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery leads in local citations with 1,339. The most influential reference is Murphey MD, 2000, Radiographic. Keywords such as solitary osteochondroma and hereditary exostoses experienced citation bursts. Thematic maps indicate gaps in the literature on lesser-researched keywords such as expression and heparan sulfate, underscoring the need for more genetic research. This analysis provides an overview of key articles on osteochondromas, highlighting trends and contributions that address literature gaps and guide future research.

Subject of study. Socio-economic directions and tools for improving the mechanism of sustainable development of rural areas. The aim of the study. Substantiation of the tools of the stable socio-economic development of agricultural territories, development of scientific and methodological directions of its improvement and definition of effective economic mechanisms of its realization. Research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis for the study of the practice of the development of agricultural territories, the normative and legal acts of the state bodies of the Ukrainian. In the course of research on the following methods: analytical, abstract-logical, monographic, scientific-constructive and others. Results of work. The essence of socio-economic development of rural areas is revealed, aspects of its sustainable development are highlighted, approaches to state regulation of socio-economic development of rural areas are outlined, the economic environment of functioning of rural areas is revealed, the mechanism of public-private partnership as a direction of rural development is outlined, the algorithm for the formation of socio-economic development of rural territories as a system consisting of a set of legal, organizational, economic, financial and budgetary components (tools, forms, methods) aimed at the effective use of natural, labor, material and financial resources of rural areas in the process of their development. The directions of ensuring sustainable development of rural areas are considered as institutional factors for ensuring economic stability and social well-being. It is determined that the purpose of forming an effective mechanism for sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas is to increase the competitiveness of agriculture in Ukraine, increase employment and living standards of the rural population, improve their living conditions, develop engineering infrastructure and social sphere in rural areas, improve the demographic situation in rural areas, protect the environment, preserve and reproduce used land and other natural resources, development of local self-government bodies and civil society institutions in rural areas. Priority areas and tools for sustainable socio-economic development of rural areas have been identified: innovation and investment mechanism, which provides for the creation of a favorable investment climate; technical and technological modernization of agriculture, development and implementation of new technologies; diversification of the rural economy and increasing the business activity of the rural population; development of various forms of organization of small and medium-sized businesses as the most important source of innovative growth of the rural economy; rational involvement in economic turnover and increasing the efficiency of the use of natural, material and human resources in rural areas; creation of modern social, engineering and transport infrastructure in rural areas; strengthening the scientific base for the development of rural areas.

Nigeria faces persistent energy supply challenges, particularly in its northeastern region, where grid access is limited and dependence on fossil fuels undermines sustainability goals. Although the National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP 2015–2030) outlines ambitious targets for renewable energy integration, it notably lacks specific strategies for geothermal development—leaving a critical gap in policy and resource utilization. This study addresses that gap by developing a scalable, cost-effective geothermal prospectivity mapping framework using remote sensing and aeromagnetic data integrated through a hybrid machine learning model. A novel combination of Deep Belief Networks (DBN) for feature extraction and Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering for spatial classification was employed, with optimization achieved using three metaheuristic algorithms: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Simulated Annealing (SA). Among these, the DBN-SA model achieved the best internal validity, with superior Silhouette Score, Davies–Bouldin Index, and cluster compactness, ensuring robust and interpretable prospectivity results. Key geothermal indicators—including land surface temperature, vegetation stress, Curie depth, heat flow, and magnetic source depth—were derived from Landsat and airborne magnetic datasets. The resulting map classifies the study area into low, moderate, and high geothermal potential zones, with validation supported by geological correlation and the presence of known thermal features like the Wikki Warm Spring. Approximately one-third of the area was identified as high-potential, particularly over basement terrains with high heat production and structural permeability. This approach offers both scientific insight and practical direction for decentralized, low-carbon energy deployment in northeastern Nigeria, aligning with broader national renewable energy goals and filling a crucial gap in geothermal resource planning.

Abstract The Cold Sintering Process (CSP) has recently emerged as a transformative approach for densifying ceramics and composites at temperatures below 300 °C using pressure-assisted dissolution–precipitation. This low-energy route is particularly compelling for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) in extraterrestrial environments, where transporting construction materials from Earth is impractical. This review critically examines the potential of CSP for fabricating structural and functional materials in space, spanning lunar, Martian, orbital, deep-space, and asteroid contexts. We analyze the fundamental mechanisms of CSP, recent experimental demonstrations on lunar and Martian regolith simulants, and its integration with additive manufacturing, robotics, and artificial intelligence. Case studies highlight the production of high-strength regolith bricks (> 200 MPa) at low energy cost, showing CSP’s feasibility for building load-bearing structures on the Moon and Mars. We further explore frontier applications, including radiation shielding, multifunctional composites, and autonomous construction systems. Challenges such as solvent sourcing, high-pressure requirements, and environmental constraints are discussed in detail. Finally, we outline research directions toward scaling CSP for large habitats, integrating it with space architecture, and deploying it as part of closed-loop resource systems. CSP is positioned as a cornerstone technology for sustainable space infrastructure, enabling humankind to build resilient habitats and functional systems beyond Earth.

Against the backdrop of continuous social development and growing public health demands, the efficiency and scientific nature of the emergency care system are of paramount importance. This paper focuses on researching the construction of an emergency care system based on the concept of “linkage”, delving into its theoretical foundations, exploring innovative construction models, and analyzing practical cases. The study indicates that an emergency care system under the “linkage” concept can effectively integrate resources and enhance efficiency, providing new insights for improving the construction of the emergency care system. It aims to promote the development of the emergency care system towards a more scientific, efficient, and collaborative direction.

Dealing with neuropsychiatric illness in the later years of life is an immersion in complexity, born of heterogeneity in etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and response to intervention. We offer here a conceptual summary and synthesis of the key theme of heterogeneity, as embodied in the 20 papers that constitute this issue of Neuropsychopharmacology Reviews (NPPR's). We conclude with future scientific directions and moral imperatives for research and practice, already underway in many instances, but gaining in speed and transformative potential (especially in generative Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models). We seek to review and to encourage research that works toward practical wisdom-- what Aristotle termed "phronesis," for promotion of resilience and wellbeing in older adults both at the individual and population levels.

The consequences of operating road trains consisting of tractors with pole trailers in difficult road conditions have been described. Promising scientific directions have been presented contributing to increasing the efficiency of tractors with trailed links. The advantages of the developed pneumohydraulic recuperative conical device with a ball joint for a hauling tractor with a pole trailer have been considered. The aim of the work has been to study the influence of the parameters of a pneumohydraulic recuperative conical device with a ball joint on its efficiency and to determine their optimal values. Based on a mathematical model and the computer program implementing it, the design parameters of the ball joint of a pneumohydraulic recuperative conical device have been optimized, ensuring a minimum swing amplitude of the upper part of loaded timber and the maximum power recuperated by the device. It has been revealed that the optimal lever of the upper attachment points of the hydraulic cylinders in the ball joint of the conical device with a fixed lever of the lower attachment points of the hydraulic cylinders of 0.35 m is 0.35...0.45 m, while providing an average recuperated power of more than 13 kW and an amplitude of lateral displacement of the load less than 0.27 m. It has been established that the best pressure range of the hydraulic fluid in the hydropneumatic accumulator is 35...50 MPa, the power recuperated by the device in this case exceeds 12.2 kW, and the amplitude of lateral displacement of the loaded timber is no more than 0.29 m. According to the results of 2-factor optimization, the best lever of the upper points of the hydraulic cylinders in the ball joint of the conical device is 0.37 ... 0.58 m, and the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the hydropneumatic accumulator is 35 ... 50 MPa. At the same time, the proposed pneumohydraulic recuperative conical device with a ball joint generates a power of more than 15 kW, and the amplitude of the lateral displacement of the load does not exceed 0.2 m.

The third edition of “Fundamentals of Inorganic Glasses,” written by Arun K. Varshneya and John C. Mauro, and published by Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc., Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2019, 735[Formula: see text]xvii pp; ISBN: 9780128162262 (E-book); ISBN: 9780128162255 (paperback); https://doi.org/10.1016/C2017-0-04281-7 , offers comprehensive insights of glass technology. Across its 23 chapters, the authors delve into glass formation basics to cutting-edge glass applications. This resource proves highly beneficial for researchers, aiding them in selecting appropriate glass compositions for their investigations. Core subjects encompass principles of glass formation, glass structures and compositions, density and molar volume computations, elasticity properties, as well as characteristics such as hardness, viscosity, thermal expansion and heat capacity of glasses.