The aim of the study is to analyze historical events related to regional development of the national economy and population of the border areas of the Altai Republic, Omsk Region, Altai Region, Tuva Republic and Novosibirsk Region in the 1990s-2010s. The study utilized general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction), as well as historical methods such as comparative-historical, systemic and problem-chronological. The study of the history of regional-demographic processes in the Siberian borderland at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries allows us to trace the evolution of the national economy, the specifics of population development, and migration processes in this territory. The article analyzes publications by modern researchers on the history of regional-demographic development of the Siberian borderland in the 1990s-2010s. The study identifies three main thematic groups: the first group, devoted to the study of territorial transformations and determining the role of the border location in the development of Siberian regions; the second group, focused on examining the regional-demographic development of the Siberian borderland; the third group of studies, devoted to the evolution of economic processes in the border area of the Altai Republic, Omsk Region, Altai Region, Tuva Republic and Novosibirsk Region. The analysis of theoretical views of the Russian scientific community allows us to conduct a cross-section of the formation of scientific directions on the problems of adaptation of the population and national economy of the Siberian border territories to the conditions of market relations in the transition period of modern history of Russia. The identified scientific directions have practical significance in the formation and implementation of the strategy of regional development of Russia at present and in the near future.

The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of a major Leningrad and St. Petersburg urban architect V.F. Nazarov (1932–2015). His activities are related to the development of master plans for Leningrad 1966 and Leningrad and the Leningrad Region 1987–2005. In the early 2000s. V.F. Nazarov headed the team of creators of the Master Plan for the Development of St. Petersburg 2005–2025. The purpose of the article is to disclose such aspects of his scientific activity, as a definition of the essence and scale of urban planning, managerial and substantive concepts of “city” and “agglomeration,” the goals of urban planning, the tasks of preserving and developing the architectural and urban heritage of Leningrad - St. Petersburg. These scientific directions were revealed in his articles and speeches in the 1970s and 2000s.

The review provides a description of the book by prof. V. V. Zapariy, which is the result of his more than twenty years of work in the field of studying and historical assessment of the industrial heritage of the Urals and Russia in the world cultural heritage. A historical and historiographical assessment is given of both his research and organizational detail as the National Representative of Russia in the International Committee for the Preservation of Industrial Heritage, his personal contribution to the creation of scientific tools for this scientific direction, popularization of the national industrial heritage both in the country and abroad.

Mars has been a primary focus of planetary science, with significant advancements over the past two decades across disciplines including geological evolution, surface environment, and atmospheric and space science. However, the rapid growth of the related literature has rendered traditional manual review methods increasingly inadequate. This inadequacy is particularly evident in interdisciplinary research, which is often characterized by dispersed topics and complex semantics. To address this challenge, this study proposes an automated analysis framework based on natural language processing (NLP) to systematically review the Martian research in Earth and space science over the past two decades. The research database contains 151,196 Mars-related sentences extracted from 10,655 publications spanning 2001 to 2024. Using machine learning techniques, the framework clusters Mars-related sentences into semantically coherent groups and applies topic modeling to extract core research themes. It then analyzes their temporal evolution across the Martian solid, surface, atmosphere, and space environments. Finally, through sentiment analysis and semantic matching, it highlights unresolved scientific questions and potential directions for future research. This approach offers a novel perspective on the knowledge structure underlying Mars exploration and demonstrates the potential of NLP for large-scale literature analysis in planetary science. The findings potentially provide a structured foundation for building an interdisciplinary, peer-reviewed Mars knowledge base, which may inform future scientific research and mission planning.

A priority direction for Russian science is defined in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 28, 2018 No. 680 “On the development of genetic technologies in the Russian Federation”. The development of genetic technologies will be pursued in accordance with the corresponding Federal Scientific and Technical Program. In order to achieve this goal it will be necessary to develop mechanisms of legal support governing the use of genetic technologies from the stage of scientific research to the implementation of developed results in commercial production. The scientific interest in this problem is due to the currently insufficient legal regulation of relations arising in connection with the use of genetic technologies. However, due to the lack of empirical data, some aspects of the problem must be predicted on the basis of assumptions. Taken together, these problems hinder the active dissemination and implementation of genetic technologies. The purpose of this study is to establish and elucidate issues involved in patenting strains of microorganisms. Microorganism strains represent objects that can be used for scientific and other applications in the context of genetic technologies. Civil law currently permits the patenting of such objects due to their perceived status as an invention. However, despite its objective specificity, there are no additional regulations for governing this process. The concepts of microorganism and strain are presented along with the correct and applicable conditions for their patenting. Examples from foreign experience demonstrate a diversity of national approaches to the procedure for issuing a patent for such inventions. The author offers an opinion regarding the normative consolidation of the analyzed process. The existing Russian regulatory environment features many strong points that can be developed for the patenting of microorganism strains taking into account international experience.

Analysis of the outdoor training effects on fatigue performance and thermal comfort in summer

Overcoming CK1α liability in the discovery of a series of isoIndolinone Glutarimides as selective IKZF2 molecular glue degraders.

A fault location method for DC distribution networks with DC circuit breaker and current limiter coordination

The rs2204985 single-nucleotide genetic polymorphism is a common genetic variant located within the T-cell receptor locus that influences thymopoiesis, with the GG genotype presenting higher thymic function than AA counterparts. Recent reports have presented discordant results regarding its effect on the clinical outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT); therefore, evaluation of independent cohorts is warranted. Here, we further investigate the donor polymorphism impact on patient outcome after allo-HSCT in a single-center observation case report from Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. We retrospectively evaluated 521 adult patients and investigated the impact of the donor rs2204985 genotype on their clinical outcomes post-transplantation. We observed no significant effect of donor genotype on mortality or relapse. The GG genotype was associated with a higher incidence of severe (IIb-IV) acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) as compared with AG/AA (P = 0.008), but with no impact on chronic GVHD incidence. The same effect is observed in a subgroup of patients treated with unrelated donors (P = 0.02) but not with human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donors. A multivariate analysis confirmed the impact of the rs2204985 genotype (P = 0.009) independently of other parameters, including recipient age or sex. Our data suggest that, in this single-center cohort, the donor rs2204985 AA/AG genotype, despite not significantly affecting relapse or survival, is associated with lesser risk of acute GVHD development. ©2025 International Society for Cell & Gene Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc.

WITHDRAWN: Dual-Target Strategies for Cerebral Cavernous Malformations and Ischemic Stroke.

Ecological research in the 21st century has entered a new stage of ecosystem science. Macroecosystem science, as the engine and frontier direction of ecosystem science, is focusing on the mutual feedbacks among "environmental change-ecosystem-human well-being-social development", based on the systemic cognitive framework of "multiple elements-multiple processes-multiple functions-multiple scales-multiple dimensions". It is committed to developing integrated research methods of "cross media-cross interface-cross time and space-cross level-cross disciplinary", concentrating on the cascading relationships and process mechanisms of "resource environment-system structure-ecological process-functional service" and "system construction-state evolution-resource and environment effect-regulation and supervision", and understanding the evolution laws of macroecosystem and the scientific principles of human regulation. We reviewed the theoretical framework of macroecosystem science, adopting the logical framework of "scientific axiom-principle system-basic theory-application technology", guided by the rational cognition of macroecosystem science such as "biological agglomeration and co-evolution, component riveting and structure nesting theory, process coupling and mechanism mutual feedback, function emergence and service spillover, dynamic succession lineage and spatial succession, natural change and artificial regulation", and tentatively constructed a knowledge system and logical framework for theoretical research and practical application of macroecosystem science. We aimed to promote the upgrading and transformation of traditional ecological research scope and paradigm to multi-dimensional ecosystem science, expand the application of macroecosystem science to large-scale and long-term ecological science, promote the innovation and practical application of ecosystem science knowledge, and provide technological support for regional and global natural resource management, ecological security pattern construction, and the sustainable development of society.

This article combined the operational data of national science and technology museums from 2023 to 2024 and the background of the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port to systematically analyze the current development status of the national science and technology museum system. The focus was on examining the current status of science and technology museum construction in Hainan Province, core indicator data, and the gap with other provinces in China. Research showed that Hainan lags significantly behind the national average in terms of the number of physical science and technology museums (only 3), building area, and audience reception volume. But relying on 14 specialized science and technology museums and over 30 industry themed science museums, a unique tropical science popularization system has been formed. With the higher requirements for the scientific literacy of the entire population in the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port, the future development of Hainan Science and Technology Museum urgently needs to build a modern science and technology museum system that matches the positioning of the Free Trade Port through policy strengthening, system optimization, intelligent upgrading, and international cooperation, striving to achieve the goal of full coverage of science and technology museums in cities and counties.

The role of vitamin D in fracture healing: Insights from basic science, clinical studies, and future directions

Background: Research on yellow garnets of different shades regarding their varieties, colors, as well as chemical states, and contents of coloring ions is somewhat lacking. Spectroscopic analyses are expected to enrich the research methods and data on yellow garnets and explore a scientific path for enhancing their colors. Methods: A series of analyses, such as X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microprobe analyses, have been performed on the garnet crystal samples. Results: X-ray diffraction analysis and infrared spectral analysis have shown yellow and tawny garnets to be spessartite garnets; UV–visible spectral analysis has shown the yellow sample to have stronger absorption peaks at 408, 421, and 430 nm than the tawny sample. Electron microprobe and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses have shown both spessartite garnet samples to contain the same elements, including Si, O, Al, Ca, Mn, and Fe. Among them, the coloring elements, Mn and Fe, have been found to be identical in terms of type, chemical state, lattice occupancy, and coordination environment, but with different mass percentages. Conclusion: The color differences between yellow-shaded spessartite garnets from Nigeria have not been found to arise from differences in the types of coloring elements, their valance states, or coordination environments. Instead, the concentration of coloring ions Mn2+ and Fe2+ has been identified as the crucial factor. Controlling the concentrations is the key scientific direction for improving the colors of these yellow-toned spessartite garnets.

The fourth part presents the dynamics of development of scientific directions in the journal “Agrarian Science” according to the following indicators: time diagram with accumulation; normalized time diagram with accumulation.Presents statistical information on the top-10 organizations of the journal “Agrarian Science”, which was ranked according to the following criteria: organizations — authors’ place of work (by number of articles); organizations — authors’ place of work (by number of citations in the RSCI); оrganizations — authors’ place of work (by number of citations in the RSCI core); оrganizations citing articles in the journal «Agrarian Science»; organizations cited in articles of the journal «Аgrarian Science».Presents information on foreign countries and regions of the Russian Federation, which was ranked according to the following criteria: authors of articles in the journal “Agrarian Science”; distribution by number of publications; distribution by number of publications in the RSCI; distribution by number of publications from the RSCI core; citing publications.

Background Postoperative delirium is a common and serious complication in orthopedic surgery patients, particularly in the elderly. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the risk factors associated with postoperative delirium in orthopedic surgery patients. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Library, SpringerLink, Elsevier Science Direct, and CNKI databases from inception to October 2024. Studies reporting risk factors for postoperative delirium in orthopedic surgery patients were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to calculate pooled risk ratios (RR) and weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results A total of 19 studies involving 4,410 patients were included. Significant risk factors for postoperative delirium included advanced age (WMD: 3.30 years, 95% CI: 0.59-6.01), male sex (RR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.00–1.26), diabetes (RR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.20–2.58), and preoperative cognitive dysfunction (RR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.76–2.22). BMI was not significantly associated with delirium risk (WMD: −0.19, 95% CI: −0.84–0.46). The quality of the included studies was generally good, with NOS scores ranging from 6 to 8. Conclusion This meta-analysis identified several significant risk factors for postoperative delirium in orthopedic surgery patients, including advanced age, male sex, diabetes, and preoperative cognitive dysfunction. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of postoperative delirium and underscore the importance of comprehensive preoperative assessment to identify high-risk patients. Future research should focus on developing comprehensive risk prediction models that integrate both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors to improve outcomes for patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

The article is devoted to the prominent Russian histologist of the Soviet period, Professor, Doctor of Biological Sciences Iraida Mikhailovna Pestova. The authors of the article were interested in her primarily as a graduate of the Sverdlovsk State Medical Institute (now Ural State Medical University), and Iraida Mikhailovna was a representative of its legendary first edition. After graduating from the institute in 1936, Iraida Mikhailovna entered graduate school at the Department of Anatomy and studied for a year under the guidance of A.P. Lavrentiev, founder and first head of the Department of Anatomy at the Sverdlovsk Medical University. In 1937, I.M. Pestova moved to Perm, where she was enrolled in graduate school at the Department of Histology to Professor P.Ya. Lakhovsky. This was the beginning of her successful career as a histologist, which led to outstanding scientific achievements and long-term head of the Department of Histology at the Perm State Medical Institute. The main scientific direction of her department was the study of the immune and hematopoietic systems of vertebrates in the evolutionary aspect. The article shows the main stages of I.M.'s life and work. Pestova, her contribution to science and teaching, professional and personal qualities.

In recent years, as the public pays increasing attention to social equity and sustainability, the health insurance industry is facing new responsibilities and challenges.This paper discusses the intersection between health insurance actuarial science and corporate responsibility. Traditional health insurance actuarial pricing models rely on the principle of actuarial fairness, where premiums are risk-based and charged higher for individual with greater risks. However, in response to the evolving ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) standards, insurers must expand their focus beyond narrow risk pools to societal impact. This paper examines the limitations of traditional health insurance actuarial models under new challenges, exploring how pricing mechanisms and product design can be reshaped to meet the evolving social expectations while remaining profitable. Moreover, this paper discusses the future directions in actuarial science for health insurance, pointing out some potential opportunities.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a prevalent and severe pregnancy-related complication, for which effective intervention targets remain limited, posing significant risks to maternal and fetal health. This study aimed to identify potential therapeutic target genes through genetic analyses. Specifically, we utilized cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) of druggable genes derived from blood samples obtained from the eQTLGen consortium as exposure data. Subsequently, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore causal associations between these druggable genes and PE. Functional enrichment analysis, Summary-data-based MR (SMR), and colocalization analysis were employed to validate the identified genes. MR results revealed 17 druggable genes significantly associated with PE after multiple testing correction (FDR < 0.05). Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these genes are involved in key biological processes such as leukocyte proliferation and activation, immune response regulation, and the metabolism of water-soluble vitamins. Additionally, they were found to participate in several critical signaling pathways, including the complement and coagulation cascades, the renin-angiotensin system, and folate biosynthesis. SMR and colocalization analyses further confirmed the causal relationships between PE and five genes-TESK2, LNPEP, CD320, NELL2, and SF3B3. Moreover, single-cell RNA sequencing data supported the association between the expression levels of TESK2, CD320, and SF3B3 and the development of PE. This study provides preliminary evidence identifying several potential genetic targets that may help reduce the risk of PE from a genomic perspective. These findings offer novel scientific insights and research directions for future drug development and the optimization of therapeutic strategies aimed at managing and preventing PE.

The purpose of the study. In educational institutions of the national regions of the country, bilingual education can acquire an important meaning in ensuring the quality of the educational process. Bilingual subject learning and mastering of subject knowledge by students in a certain area based on the interconnected use of two languages (native and state) is of not only educational interest. In this regard, the purpose of the paper is to study the bilingual portrait of residents of the Republic of Tuva, identify the need for bilingual teaching of students in computer science and the feasibility of including bilingual means and methods of teaching in their training, using the example of Tuva State University.Materials and methods. To achieve the set goal, the following methods were used: the mental approach of N. Pak to substantiate the need for bilingual education of students living in national regions; the competence approach in designing and processing questionnaire questions; the inversion approach of D. Barkhatova in developing tools and methods for bilingual education in computer science. A set of complementary research methods was also used: theoretical (analysis of sources on the research problem, specification of data, generalization of psychological and pedagogical literature, comparison of data, deduction, substantive interpretation, analysis of results) and empirical (questionnaires, testing, processing and analysis of the obtained results).Results. The definition of the bilingual portrait of the residents of the Tuva Republic, as well as the identification of the need for bilingual teaching of computer science to students of the Tuva State University was carried out using specially developed questionnaires. The analysis of the questionnaire data showed that the number of bilinguals in the Republic of Tuva is 82%, among the students of the Physics and Mathematics faculty of the University – 99%. The number of surveyed lecturers, students and parents who consider bilingual education in the Republic of Tuva important exceeds 70%. Thus, the development of bilingual education in the study of subjects at school and university is becoming not only possible, but also necessary. To determine the scientific and methodological directions for the development of bilingual teaching of computer science at school and university, samples of different options for presenting educational information in bilingual textbooks on the topic “Information theory” were developed. An expert survey and a questionnaire among students revealed the fact of preference for textbooks with a synchronous presentation of content in two languages.Conclusion. The statistical data of the questionnaire survey allowed us to present a bilingual portrait of the residents of the Republic of Tuva in general, and the students of Tuva State University in particular. It should be noted that for a significant majority of students, Tuvan is their native language, and Russian is the language of study. The analysis of the questionnaire data shows the relevance and necessity of bilingual teaching of subjects at school and university. This position was expressed by a significant part of the respondents, including lecturers, parents and students. The results of the study allowed us to determine the most preferable format for presenting the content of educational bilingual resources in synchronous and “inverted” form. It is certainly necessary to develop research of the mechanisms of bilingual thinking and, on their basis, create methodological systems for bilingual teaching of subjects in schools and universities of the Republic of Tuva.