Lifetime prognostics for power module bonding wires under non-constant stress conditions: A compound stochastic process degradation modeling approach

Introduction. The article by T.I. Rudneva and A.M. Sanko ‘‘Instructional design as a direction of modern didactics’’ (Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology, 2025, vol. 31, no. 4), has attracted the interest of scientific pedagogical community. It has received reviews noting the authors’ timely attention to the problem of organizing a comfortable educational environment for the development of learners’ individuality using digital means. The didactic boom in modern pedagogical science is caused by the large-scale transformation of Russian education, the excess of resources, and the availability of a variety of information resources. However, any innovative process develops on the traditional fundamental foundations of science, and therefore, turning to pedagogical design as an effective educational model seems necessary and timely. Results. The reviews note the emergence of new didactics and its new categories, which requires a thorough understanding of their essence and purpose in both pedagogical theory and pedagogical practice. A.N. Aryutkina points out that changes in the nature of pedagogical interaction should be focused on creating a comfortable environment for participants in the educational process, whose motivation influences educational outcomes. Moreover, a creative approach to designing the educational process presupposes a symbiosis of pedagogy and art, which is represented by modern didactics. O.P. Karnikova believes that designing and managing the educational process are necessary for achieving high-quality educational outcomes. Existing educational practices need to be improved, taking into account the inclusion of students in new digital realities. Today, the quality of education depends not only on the content of instruction, but also on the personalized forms of its delivery and the methodologically determined pedagogical tools used by teachers in the digital educational environment. O.N. Berishvili draws attention to the interaction of learning subjects, which in traditional didactics occurs through the content of education, while pedagogical design is aimed at the development and application of tools that create favorable conditions for improving educational outcomes. These are different procedural components of educational practice: didactics – content; instructional design – educational resources, while the development of effective teaching methods in a comfortable environment and their application in teaching practice confirm their interconnection. S.N. Filipchenko finds confirmation of the point of view that in pedagogy there is no consensus on the essence and functions of instructional design. At the same time, he states that this is a scientific direction, represented by a set of scientific works with a common object of research – education and its common subject – the organization of the educational environment with the help of learning resources. Scientific publications since 2003 (A.Yu. Uvarov) indicate that individual authors and research teams are turning to instructional design as a promising area of research. When studying pedagogical science, students become acquainted with a new didactic category – ‘‘instructional design’’ (essence, structures, principles, models), with innovative didactics as a new form of organizing pedagogical science for learning. In this case, instructional design is a scientific discipline. N.G. Kozlova, N.B. Strekalova, N.V. Solovova and her colleagues summarize that the changes occurring in professional and pedagogical activity are accompanied by the incorporation of new concepts into its context due to the transfer of the educational process to a new digital environment. Instructional design presupposes the creation of a flexible environment with an “open architecture”– modular educational programs adaptable to different learning scenarios. The training of design specialists necessitates the definition of content and resources at the administrative level. Conclusion. All reviewers raise controversial issues: defining the competencies acquired by students in the new educational environment; assessing the effectiveness of developed educational products; and clarifying the functions of the instructional designer as a subject specialist, their competencies, and qualifications. Suggestions are expressed for the creation of a center responsible for the quality of instructional design and supporting teachers in adapting to innovative didactics.

Clinical tuberculosis (TB) research has been hampered by a lack of reliable predictors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection progression and active TB treatment's cure, relapse, and failure. Given host and bacterial variability, large sample sizes from harmonized datasets are needed to study infrequent endpoints. Therefore, global observational research consortia, such as Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT) International (RI), can help make meaningful inroads into successful TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. RePORT International was created in 2012 by the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) with bilateral country funding. The Consortium's country networks (Brazil, India, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, South Africa, and Uganda) use a common protocol to recruit for 2 participant cohorts (active TB and close contacts). A coordinating center, led by a multinational executive committee, provides early-stage investigator research and mentorship opportunities, guidance on quality-assured data and specimen collection, and scientific direction while allowing networks to pursue geographically relevant research and implementation. Consortium biorepositories house 632 000+ specimens with associated epidemiological data from ∼11 900 participants. There have been 67 country- and consortium-wide projects via multiple funding sources, resulting in about 200 publications covering epidemiology, drug resistance, biomarkers, comorbidities, transcriptomics, diagnostics, and immunology. Capacity building is conducted through research fellowships and collaborations with other consortia including with a public resource database and data/specimen dashboard. Public health research has had funding limitations on ideal patient enrollment and follow-up, as well as the maintenance of research infrastructure and personnel. However, RI is well prepared to meet these challenges while supporting better point-of-care diagnostics, screening for asymptomatic TB, post-TB care, and successful treatment outcomes.

Background and Aims: Uncontrolled haemorrhage remains a leading cause of preventable mortality following traumatic injury. Orthopaedic trauma—particularly injuries involving the pelvis, femur, and complex extremity wounds—contributes substantially to exsanguination and early trauma-related deaths. Objectives: This narrative review aims to describe the evolution of massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) from military to civilian trauma care, examine their integration into orthopaedic trauma practice, and outline future directions in haemorrhage control and resuscitation science. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was conducted focusing on the development of MTPs during recent military conflicts and their subsequent adaptation to civilian trauma systems, with particular emphasis on implications for orthopaedic trauma management. Results: Over the past two decades, MTPs have transformed trauma resuscitation by promoting early balanced transfusion strategies using predefined ratios of red blood cells, plasma, and platelets. These approaches have replaced earlier practices dominated by crystalloid resuscitation and delayed plasma administration. In orthopaedic trauma, early haemorrhage control and damage control orthopaedics have become integral components of damage control resuscitation. Battlefield-derived principles have expanded the role of the orthopaedic surgeon beyond skeletal stabilisation to include active participation in haemorrhage management within multidisciplinary trauma teams. Conclusions: The translation of military resuscitation strategies into civilian practice has significantly influenced modern orthopaedic trauma care. MTPs have reinforced the central role of orthopaedic surgeons in early haemorrhage control and interdisciplinary trauma management. Ongoing refinements in resuscitation strategies and transfusion science are expected to further optimise outcomes in patients with severe orthopaedic injuries.

Immunogenicity and Safety of Third, Fourth, and Subsequent COVID-19 Vaccine Doses in Recipients of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy.

École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, ParisTech, France 9–12 December 2025 The Conference on Research and Innovations in Science and Technology of Material 2025 (CRISTMas 2025) was held from 9 to 12 December 2025 at École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris, France. Organised by the STEMM Global Scientific Society, CRISTMas 2025 brought together researchers, engineers, and industry representatives to discuss emerging directions in materials science, advanced physical systems, functional materials engineering, and heritage technologies. The conference provided an interdisciplinary platform covering fundamental and applied research across electromagnetic and nonlinear systems, photonic and quantum platforms, heritage science and protective technologies, and advanced functional materials. Contributions addressed topics ranging from magnetic field engineering and nonlinear circuit dynamics to topological photonics, optomechanical systems, digital heritage frameworks, sustainable polymers, graphene-enabled surface technologies, and advanced materials interfaces. CRISTMas 2025 continued its mission of fostering dialogue between fundamental science and practical implementation, supporting the translation of advanced materials research into engineering solutions and societal applications. The proceedings reflect this interdisciplinary character and present peer-reviewed contributions that demonstrate both scientific rigor and applied relevance. List of Editorial Board, Scientific and Organising Committee are available in this PDF.

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Systematic Review of Global Patterns, Sociocultural Drivers, and Health Consequences.

Changes in pupillary reflex parameters depend on the state of the visual analyzer and nervous system. Pupillometry is an accurate and easy-to-use method for diagnosing pupillary reflex, which can detect pathology at the preclinical level. An analysis of literary sources showed that scientists around the world are interested in changes in pupil parameters in patients with various ophthalmological pathologies: pigment retinitis, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, central retinal vein occlusion, optic neuritis, and ischemic optic neuropathy. Determined that when the ganglion complex and nerve fibers of the retina and the optic nerve head are affected, pupillary reaction dysfunction occurs in various ophthalmological diseases. The severity of changes in pupillometry parameters is comparable to the severity of damage to the retina and optic nerve, which is confirmed by optical coherence tomography protocols. Scientists also took into account the fact that rods, cones, and ganglion cells have different activation thresholds and differ in reaction properties, so to assess their function, they proposed using stimuli of different colors and different intensities, which contributed to the emergence of such a diagnostic method as chromatic pupillometry. Color stimuli were also used to study pupillary response in optic nerve diseases; scientists noted differences in pupillary reflex parameters when exposed to red or blue stimuli. Studying the possibility of using pupillometry as an effective screening method in diagnosing ophthalmological diseases is a promising scientific direction.

The article is dedicated to Professor Galina S. Marmolevskaya, an outstanding graduate of the Sverdlovsk State Medical Institute (now — Ural State Medical University), a wonderful internist, a talented scientist and a unique teacher, who was the head of the Department of Internal Diseases No. 2 of Institute for more than 10 years. The daughter of a physician who died heroically during the Great Patriotic War, she graduated with honors from the Sverdlovsk Medical Institute and went through all the stages of her professional life from a resident to a professor and head of the department, surprisingly combining the practice of a physician, a healthcare organizer, a scientist and a teacher. The transformations initiated by G. S. Marmolevskaya in the work of the clinical base of the City Hospital No. 6 and the organization of continuing professional education of internists predetermined the main scientific directions and achievements of the department’s staff for many decades, leaving a bright mark in the history of the University. The paper highlights the main stages of G. S. Marmolevskaya’s life and work, reflects her scientific achievements, her role in the formation of University as one of the leading medical educational institutions in Russia. G. S. Marmolevskaya’s fate, her professional career, and her personal contribution to the development of healthcare, medical science, and education in the Middle Urals are an excellent example for new generations of doctors in modern Russia.

The 20th century went down in history as an era of totalitarianism, when in many countries of the world, primarily in the USSR, the state machine completely subjugated society and the individual. To show how, as a result of the export of the power of Russian Bolshevism to most of the Ukrainian lands and the involvement of the quasi-state of the Ukrainian SSR in the new neo-empire in the form of the USSR, a purposeful destruction of the remnants of the sovereignty of national statehood and the washing out of national consciousness unfolded, a component of which was the destruction of the foundations of Ukrainian identity. Novelty. The features of the development of the dissident movement are revealed, conditionally along the following lines: national-cultural, political, human rights, and religious. Attention is drawn to the fact that, initiated primarily by poets, the sixties movement soon acquired an artistic, philosophical-ideological, scientific, and socio-political direction. Methods. In covering this issue, methods of historicism, anthropology, systematicity, complexity, continuity, objectivity, refutation of false statements and distortions were used. The tools of Ukrainian studies as a comprehensive system of knowledge about Ukraine and Ukrainianness played a major role. Conclusions. The article emphasizes that the «cognitive rebellion» that arose in the 1960s witnessed the growth of the role of the intelligentsia, which began to shake the colossus called the “USSR”, which turned out to be on clay feet and, naturally, fell, scattering into pieces.

This article analyzes the formation of neuropedagogy as an independent science, its theoretical foundations, and its role in the modern education system. The pedagogical significance of taking into account brain activity, cognitive development, memory, attention, emotional state, and individual psychophysiological characteristics in the educational process is also highlighted. The possibilities of neuropedagogy in activating students' cognitive processes, increasing the effectiveness of teaching, individualizing education, and applying innovative pedagogical technologies are revealed. The article substantiates the issues of improving the quality of education based on a neuropedagogical approach, developing the intellectual and creative potential of students as an important scientific and practical direction. The relevance of neuropedagogy in modern education is emphasized, especially as an important factor in the organization of personality-oriented education.

At the present stage, the issue of psychological well-being in the educational space is becoming one of the most relevant scientific directions for practicing teachers and researchers. Identifying and systematically analyzing the factors of stress and anxiety arising in the educational process allows us to improve the quality of education, as well as ensure the effectiveness of teaching. Within the framework of this study, four main questions are considered: first, what learning activities and pedagogical situations are sources of stress for students and teachers; second, what is the impact of anxiety and stress arising in the assessment process on learning outcomes; third, what are the factors that affect the formation of stress tolerance of students and teachers; fourth, what are the effective ways to develop and strengthen students' stress tolerance during their studies. The main method of the study was a theoretical analysis of educational stress in the learning and teaching process. The main goal of the study is to theoretically clarify the phenomenon of stress in educational settings and develop scientifically based recommendations aimed at its prevention. A comprehensive analysis of these issues can serve as a basis for increasing emotional stability in the education system, effectively using the psychological resources of teachers and students, and improving pedagogical strategies.

The goal of carbon neutrality requires the development of low-cost, high safety, and high energy density secondary batteries. The comprehensive integration of zeolites into battery design is expected to meet these key requirements. Based on highly adjustable molecular sieve effect, ion conductivity, catalytic properties, etc., goal-oriented zeolite can adapt to inherent differentiation and distinctive expectations of battery components, which achieves solvent structure regulation, stable interface construction, solid-state electrolyte optimization/construction, electrode storage mechanism regulation, etc., thereby improving various battery performance. Therefore, a comprehensive review is essential to reveal the universal applicability and multifunctionality of zeolites in batteries. This review first summarizes the structures, classifications, properties and synthesis route, and the application roadmap of zeolites is systematically described in chronological order. Most importantly, based on the elucidation of zeolite-involved physical and electrochemical behavior in electrolytes, interface, electrode, and separators optimization, we systematically analyze the structure-property-performance relationship and design principles of zeolite-integrated batteries. In addition, the scientific deficiencies, engineering challenges and possible future research directions of zeolite-integrated secondary batteries are summarized and discussed in depth. This review aims to provide guidance and new perspectives for the future research and application of emerging zeolite-based batteries.

Alexander Leonidovich Posadskov (1950-2024) is a researcher whose name is forever inscribed in the history of Russian humanities. His life, devoted entirely to the study of books as a cultural phenomenon, became a bridge between the epochs – from the Soviet era to the present day, and his legacy formed an entire scientific direction – the Siberian scientific school of historical book studies.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the development of domestic scientific research directions in the field of design and modernization of equipment for grinding and separation of particulate materials over the period 1989–2025. Based on a foresight analysis of doctoral dissertations in the field of mechanical equipment, systems, and technologies, research topics have been clustered, and the dynamics of scientific activity, its geographical distribution, and interdisciplinary connections have been assessed. Key trends have been identified: the predominance of studies focused on centrifugal separators and classifiers (accounting for approximately 40% of all works), a growing interest in mathematical modeling of aerodynamic processes (reaching up to 25% by the 2020s), and optimization of grinding plant operations. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of leading scientific schools and their contributions to advancing calculation methods, structural refinement of equipment, and the development of energy-efficient technologies.

Can a quantum structure be directly identified in laughter? Here, we show that the basic structure of quantum logic can be identified in standup comedies and sketches. We analyzed scripts from standup comedies and sketches, employing a method to reveal the algebraic structures hidden within the semantic relations of the utterances. Our findings revealed that quantum logic is present in many instances of laughter, including punchlines. Moreover, we taught this method to ChatGPT, which corroborated our findings, indicating that the result is objectively significant. Our method and results, which directly address contextual relationships and identify quantum logic, are groundbreaking. We provide a novel methodology for quantum cognitive science and open new directions for research on sensations and emotions in Artificial Intelligence. Our method identifies contextual quantum-logical structure, but does not aim to model human-level general intelligence.

Computationally guided design of N4-(2-methyl-2H-indazol-6-yl)-N2-phenylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine inhibitors of EGFR kinase targeting Cys797.

Real-time optimal decision-making in multi-park systems based on distributed approximate dynamic programming

Proposed Role for Quantitative Podocyturia as a Clinical Marker of Systemic Endothelial Injury: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease and Longevity.

A peak load suppression strategy for clustered electric heating systems based on temperature-variation sequence equilibrium control