Digital Random Number Generator Research Articles

A Modified PRBS: Vertical Stacked LFSR Primitive Polynomial for Secure Data Communication

Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) generates the fault coverage test patterns to compute the target fault of data compression methods. Future Generation wireless communication covers irrespective of complex situation and dense environments marginable throughput to everyone. LFSR widely applied to generate Pseudo Random Noise Sequence, Digital Random Number Generator commonly employed in Cryptography, encoding techniques, Built in Self-Test (BIST) etc. Sequence generated by the LFSR are easily predictable as periodic nature of the sequence. A Modified Pseudo Random Sequence Generator (PRBS) with vertical stacked LFSR (VS-LFSR) is proposed to improve security against predictability nature of PRBS. The primitive polynomial of the nbit LFSR is vertically stacked with top most polynomial and ends with the least polynomial with this flexible of the primitive polynomial are processed and Random sequences are generated. The proposed method generates the random numbers of flexible ranges by appropriately selecting necessity primitive polynomial code in the vertical stack. Compare to conventional LFSR, all zero (0) states also generated in the VS-LFSR, enables the test pattern to have all 2npossible states of n-bit LFSR. With little hardware complexity, periodic pattern of LFSR is further improved with the maximum number of states and result attained maximum number of random outputs as Πn-202n-m - 1.

Authentication Key-Exchange Using SMS for Web-Based Platforms

One of the advantages of One Time Password (OTP) is that it’s free from brute force, replay, and shoulder attacks. The codes may originate from different entropy attributes and schemes, such as true random and digital random number generators. Businesses, organizations, and academic institutions have adopted OTP methods for credit card transaction confirmation, recalling forgotten passwords, and validating web portal accounts. This paper proposed a new method in authenticating login credentials using a 3 × 3 matrix and random system key as Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) with an SMS-enabled feature. We used the 6-codes pseudorandom method and a 4-codes validation to allow mobile flexibility and ensure that the user has the required access. The page link and evaluation form are sent to students, IT professionals, and researchers. The results showed respondents are satisfied in terms of functionality, usability, efficiency, and reliability. The developed system could safeguard information, disallow unauthorized access, and impose acceptable data protection measures and minimal system requirements to use the system.

A Dual Entropy-Based Digital Random Number Generator

This paper introduces the dual-entropy method for oscillator-based digital random number generators (RNG). The standard model for elaborating jitter-based RNG is expanded to account for the sampling time uncertainty. It is explained that combining the jitter of the sampling clock with the uncertainty of the sampled signal proves to be the most efficient method for harvesting entropy from jitter. Dual-entropy configuration also improves the robustness of the RNG against correlation, interference, and injection-based attacks in hardware. Numerical analysis and experimental results show that the negative effect of external interference on the entropy of the output bitstream is significantly reduced in dual-entropy-based RNG. The proposed method is demonstrated on a ring-oscillator-based design and implemented on FPGA. It is tested using NIST 800-22, Dieharder, and TestU01 batteries and observed to produce successful random bitstreams at a maximum center frequency of 45 MHz on Zedboard Zynq and 114 MHz on ZCU102 Zynq Ultrascale+ evaluation kits without post-processing.

New Methods for Digital Generation and Postprocessing of Random Data

A new method for digital true random number generation based on asynchronous logic circuits with feedback is introduced. In particular, a concrete technique using the so-called Galois and Fibonacci ring oscillators is developed and analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. The generated random binary sequences may have a very high speed and a higher and more robust entropy rate in comparison with previous proposals for digital random number generators. A new method for digital postprocessing of random data based on irregularly clocked nonautonomous synchronous logic circuits with feedback is also introduced and a concrete technique using a self-clock-controlled linear feedback shift register is proposed. The postprocessing can provide both randomness extraction and computationally secure speed increase of input random data

An improved chaotic digital encoder

In this work an improved chaotic digital encoder/decoder pair is introduced. The structure of the encoder is that of a digital random-number generator. The characterization of digital chaos shows that it belongs to the class of pseudorandom number generators.

A digital hardware realization of a random number generator

A digital random number generator that generates number sequences with either uniform or Gaussian distributions has been constructed in TTL digital hardware for use as a peripheral device to a DDP-516 computer. The hardware design is based on an algorithm described by Rader, Rabiner, and Schafer [1]. Approximations to the Gaussian distribution are generated by summing NA + 1 consecutive numbers from the uniform sequence, where NA (the number of additions) is specified by the user and is in the range 0 \leq NA \leq 213 . Measurements of its autocorrelation function, power spectrum, and amplitude histograms indicate that the generator produces uncorrelated samples with amplitude distributions that are very close to the desired uniform or Gaussian distributions. For generating Gaussian numbers, the hardware generator operates at least 600 times faster than an equivalent software realization.

Digital Hardware Realization of a Random-Number Generator

Random numbers are used in speech synthesis and psychoacoustic experiments. A digital random number generator that provides both uniform and Gaussian numbers has been constructed in TTL digital hardware and operates as a peripheral device on a Honeywell DDP-516 computer. For generating Gaussian numbers, the hardware operates approximately 700 times faster than an equivalent software generator. Generation of the uniformly distributed numbers is based on an algorithm described by Rader, Rabiner, and Schafer, BSTJ, November 1970. Ganasian numbera are generated by summing N uniform numbers, where N is specified by the user and is in the range 1⩽N⩽214. The number generator was evaluated using a chi-square test, and correlation functions and resulting power spectra of the output were measured. A general description of the hardware organization will be presented.