Digital technologies have the potential to transform early childhood development (ECD) interventions by delivering personalized support at scale. We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Peru to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an artificial intelligence-supported digital parenting chatbot as well as traditional home visits as interventions to improve child development. Among 2461 caregiver-child dyads, both the digital and home-visiting interventions improved child development outcomes at 2.5 years of age, with standardized effect sizes of 0.11 and 0.17, respectively. At 1/15 of the cost of in-person support, the digital intervention yielded superior cost-effectiveness. These findings suggest that digital platforms can be a viable, scalable alternative to support children's development in resource-constrained settings.

This community service program aims to explore and enhance digital literacy among students from madrasahs and Islamic boarding schools, specifically those at MAN 1 Majene, DDI Baruga, Hasan Yamani Islamic Boarding School, and MAN 1 Polewali. In addition to improving digital competencies, this initiative also seeks to reinforce students’ understanding of religious moderation grounded in the local wisdom of Malaqbiq values. The program was implemented through a combination of counseling, workshops, and practical training. The first stage involved counseling sessions on digital literacy and the concept of religious moderation. The second stage continued with a workshop focusing on the use of visual communication tools through social media. The final stage consisted of mentoring sessions guiding students through the planning, production, and editing of digital content that promotes moderate religious messages. The results demonstrated significant improvements in students’ digital literacy and a deeper understanding of religious moderation rooted in cultural values. Participants were able to produce and disseminate content promoting tolerant religious perspectives across various digital platforms. By integrating local cultural values with modern digital media, this community engagement initiative offers a comprehensive and contextualized approach to strengthening youth involvement in religious discourse. This model is expected to serve as an inspiration for similar programs in other educational settings.

Mental health disorders are common among adolescents worldwide; yet, access to preventive and early intervention services remains limited. Digital mental health platforms may help bridge this gap, but little is known about how these platforms are perceived, implemented, and adopted by school and community stakeholders during early stages of rollout in real-world youth-serving settings. This study aimed to examine school and community stakeholders' perceptions of a new, free, confidential digital mental health platform for youth (Soluna by Kooth Digital Health) in its first year of rollout, focusing on its features, barriers, and facilitators to early implementation and adoption, and early stakeholder perceptions of its perceived impact on youth mental health. Surveys were distributed to 77 stakeholders (54 school staff and 23 community staff) in California from February to April 2025. Eligible participants were frontline staff directly engaging with youth in settings where the platform was offered. Following the survey, 17 stakeholders (12 school and 5 community) participated in semistructured interviews via Zoom (Zoom Communications). Survey data were analyzed descriptively to summarize perceptions and experiences, while interview data were analyzed using inductive-deductive reflexive thematic analysis to explore themes related to implementation, facilitators, and barriers. Most stakeholders (71.4%) agreed that the platform positively contributed to youth well-being, and 89.6% felt comfortable referring youth to it, indicating good acceptability. Free access (91%), availability during nontraditional hours (45%), and ease of use (42%) were identified by stakeholders as the most valuable features for youth. Facilitators of adoption included digital accessibility (87%), confidential peer support (84.1%), and youth choice in engagement (85.7%). Key barriers included stigma around mental health (64.7%) and lack of awareness of the platform's benefits (61%). Qualitative findings revealed three main categories: (1) perceived impact, including support for youth from diverse backgrounds and use as a supplemental resource when traditional services are limited; (2) facilitators to implementation and adoption, such as direct referrals, peer promotion, accessible framing focused on coping and life skills, supportive materials, and engagement from platform staff; and (3) barriers to implementation and adoption, including stigma and phone or internet access challenges in school settings. Stakeholders also emphasized the importance of practical resources and ongoing support to build confidence in using and recommending the platform. Stakeholders viewed the platform as a valuable and accessible tool to support youth mental health, particularly in underserved communities. Findings suggest that digital mental health platforms should address external barriers to adoption, including stigma around mental health, while also increasing awareness of available resources. Providing tailored implementation support demonstrates progress in these areas and can further strengthen adoption and engagement. These findings offer actionable recommendations for improving the design and delivery of digital mental health platforms in real-world youth-serving settings.

Type of the article: Research ArticleAbstractIn the context of Vietnam’s rapidly expanding digital ecosystem, understanding how psychological differences shape brand cognition among Generation Z has become increasingly important. This study aims to examine the influence of the Big Five personality traits on brand awareness across major digital touchpoints, addressing the limited empirical evidence from emerging markets. A quantitative survey was conducted in January 2025 with 898 Gen Z consumers residing in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Using Cronbach’s Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis, and multiple regression, the study assessed the reliability of measurement scales and the effects of personality traits on brand awareness indicators derived from Aaker’s (1991) framework. The findings show that four personality traits – openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism – positively and significantly predict brand awareness on digital platforms (β = 0.171–0.250; p < 0.001). Conscientiousness exhibits the strongest impact (β = 0.250), followed by neuroticism (β = 0.240), extraversion (β = 0.224), and openness (β = 0.171). Agreeableness does not demonstrate adequate construct validity and is excluded from the final model. Additional analyses using ANOVA reveal significant differences in brand awareness across regions but not across genders. These results illustrate that personality-driven tendencies, such as exploratory behavior, systematic information processing, social interaction, and risk-avoidance, play a substantial role in determining how frequently and effectively young consumers encode brand cues in digital environments. The study concludes that integrating personality insights into digital brand communication strategies can enhance relevance, memorability, and consumer-brand alignment, especially within dynamic Gen Z segments.Acknowledgment(s)The researchers express sincere gratitude to all the participants who generously participated in this study.

Cognitive warfare is a hybrid threat that combines information manipulation with psychological influence, often amplified by digital platforms and synthetic media. Conventional cybersecurity tooling is optimized for technical intrusion and offers limited support for anticipating and responding to influence operations. This paper presents a conceptual framework that structures cognitive warfare threats with General Morphological Analysis (GMA) and links plausible configurations to indicator profiles and response playbooks. We first conduct a PRISMA-informed literature review (2018–2025) to derive a five-dimensional taxonomy (actor, tactic, medium, target, objective). We then apply cross-consistency assessment to remove implausible state-pair combinations and obtain a reduced library of internally consistent scenarios. To support analyst-guided triage, we outline an AI-enabled workflow that maps observable signals to taxonomy states, matches events to scenarios, and prioritizes responses via an auditable, policy-set risk score. Finally, we illustrate the framework on three publicly documented cases and show how each case maps to scenario vectors, indicators, and playbooks. No end-to-end system implementation or performance metrics are reported; the contribution is the structured scenario library and the traceable mapping from observations to response guidance.

With the growing integration of AR/VR/Metaverse technologies across luxury brands, advertising has shifted to providing consumers with a personalised experience in which they can engage with brands via digital avatars. Given the considerable success of Metaverse advertising, it is apparent that organisations need to reinvent their advertising strategies to enhance consumer experience and brand engagement over digital platforms. However, this reinvention would require organisations to develop an advertising strategy that creates a coherent brand experience for consumers and provides them with an immersive brand experience on Metaverse platforms. As a result, this study undertakes a bibliometric approach to provide a comprehensive understanding of how integrating Metaverse platforms with advertising strategies can enhance brand engagement among consumers. More precisely, a keyword search strategy is formulated, and a multi-database search is performed across key databases, including Scopus, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest. In doing so, results from Scopus databases are visualised through network and overlay visualisation maps to understand how key themes/knowledge structures are associated with Metaverse advertising and brand engagement. Besides this, the study also showcases the key theoretical perspectives (i.e., psychological perspectives, value-based perspectives, technology/innovation perspectives, and social interaction perspectives) across these studies to understand how brands have well-infused Metaverse advertising to enhance brand engagement among consumers. Lastly, the study also provides a deeper understanding of the key challenges that are associated with the widespread implementation of Metaverse advertising.

The growth of intelligence analytics is getting bigger and bigger and this is making a lot of data go back and forth across borders. Artificial intelligence systems need a lot of data that is updated all the time and this data often comes from many different countries.. Now there are new rules about privacy that are making it harder to move personal data around the world and this is causing a lot of confusion. This paper looks at how artificial intelligence analytics and data that goes across borders work under the current rules about privacy. It examines the basics of who controls data what standards are good enough how to keep data safe when it is transferred and who is responsible for making sure data is handled correctly. The paper also looks at the problems that big companies and digital platforms are facing. By comparing how different countries handle these issues the paper looks at the problems that come up when we try to balance ideas, economic growth and the right, to privacy. The paper says that we need to protect privacy. If we have too many different rules it could hurt the development of artificial intelligence and global digital trade. The study suggests that we should have standards that're the same everywhere ways for companies to comply with the rules that work together and models of governance that are based on risk. This way we can protect privacy. Still make progress with technology. In the end we need to have rules that work together to deal with the fact that data analytics can happen anywhere while still respecting the rules of each country and the rights of humans. We need to make sure that artificial intelligence is governed in a way that's sustainable. Artificial intelligence governance requires rules that work together across the world. Keywords: Cross-Border Data Transfers, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Analytics, Global Privacy Regimes, Data Protection Compliance, Data Sovereignty, Data Localization, International Data Governance, Adequacy Decisions, Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs), Algorithmic Accountability, Privacy-Enhancing Technologies (PETs), Human Rights and Data Protection, Regulatory Fragmentation, Digital Trade and AI, Transnational Data Regulation.

This study aims to develop a strategic model to improve the quality of services at the Integrated Police Service Center (SPKT) by applying the SERVQUAL gap analysis framework. In the context of public service reform and digital transformation, SPKT plays a crucial role as the frontline of police services, directly influencing public trust and satisfaction. However, various reports and surveys indicate persistent gaps between public expectations and the actual performance of SPKT, particularly in dimensions such as responsiveness, empathy, and procedural clarity. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research combines quantitative analysis of service quality gaps across the five SERVQUAL dimensions tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy with qualitative validation through interviews and focus group discussions. The study was conducted at the Grobogan Police Department, involving community members as service users and key stakeholders as informants. Findings reveal significant negative gaps in several service dimensions, indicating areas where public expectations exceed perceived service delivery. Responsiveness and assurance emerged as the most critical dimensions requiring improvement. Furthermore, the study highlights the limited integration of digital service platforms with human-centered service quality, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that combines technological innovation with empathetic, transparent, and reliable human interaction. The research contributes theoretically by expanding the application of SERVQUAL in the context of police services in Indonesia, an area that remains underexplored. Practically, it offers a validated strategic model tailored to the operational realities of SPKT, providing actionable recommendations for service enhancement. The model emphasizes continuous training, stakeholder engagement, and the integration of ethical values and digital tools to support sustainable public service excellence.

Abstract: This qualitative study examines how faculty members and administrators in Ugandan universities use digital technologies to support teaching, collaboration, and professional development. A total of 34 participants were interviewed to explore their communication practices and the extent to which digital tools facilitate or hinder academic interaction. Thematic analysis identified five key themes. First, Digital Communication Platforms in Teaching highlights the widespread use of informal platforms such as WhatsApp as substitutes for official learning management systems. Second, Communication for Collaborative Learning emphasizes the role of digital tools in promoting intra- and inter-departmental collaboration despite inconsistent platform use. Third, Multimodal Communication Strategies illustrates the use of video, voice notes, and text-based communication to accommodate diverse student needs and technological limitations. Fourth, Communication for Professional Development underscores the importance of peer-led digital resources and informal learning communities in enhancing faculty digital literacy. Finally, Challenges of Effective Communication include digital inequality, information overload, and platform fragmentation. The findings reveal adaptive strategies in response to institutional and infrastructural constraints. While digital tools expand communication opportunities, stronger institutional coordination and policy support are needed to bridge digital divides and optimize their effectiveness in low-resource higher education contexts.

Transparency is a critical determinant of accountability, trust, and effective service delivery in Uganda’s Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) sector, where governance challenges and information gaps can hinder institutional performance. This study examined the relationship between transparency and education service delivery within the TVET sector in Uganda. The objectives were to assess the extent of transparency in institutional processes, identify factors influencing stakeholders’ perceptions of openness, and examine how transparency relates to education service delivery outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, collecting quantitative data from 122 respondents, including administrators, educators, procurement staff, and policy actors within the TVET sector, using structured questionnaires, complemented by qualitative insights from semi structured interviews. The findings revealed that transparency mechanisms, such as open communication, stakeholder feedback, and clear procedural guidelines, were significant predictors of effective education service delivery, with a positive correlation between transparency and service delivery outcomes (r = 0.572, p < 0.05). However, inconsistencies in implementation and limited accessibility of information were observed across TVET institutions. The study concludes that transparency enhances education service delivery in the TVET sector when integrated with stakeholder participation and technological support. The study recommends strengthening digital transparency platforms, improving feedback mechanisms, and aligning institutional procedures with accountability standards to ensure sustainable and high-quality education service delivery in Uganda’s TVET sector.

This study examines Instagram as a central platform in the marketing strategy of DRW Skincare at Rumah Cantik Cila. In the digital era, social media has evolved beyond communication functions to become an integrated marketing instrument encompassing targeting, branding, advertising, and social media management. Employing a qualitative descriptive case study approach, this research investigates how Instagram’s features and account management practices are utilized to enhance brand awareness, expand market reach, and maintain customer engagement. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation involving the business owner and a social media specialist. The findings indicate that Instagram plays a pivotal role in supporting marketing performance through professional account management and the strategic use of features such as feeds, stories, reels, live streaming, and paid advertising. These tools enable Rumah Cantik Cila to access both local and international audiences while fostering interactive relationships with customers. The study also reveals that Instagram functions as a central hub integrating social media management, diverse promotional features, and wide market reach, which collectively support the implementation of targeting, branding, and advertising strategies in a cohesive framework. Overall, Instagram contributes not only to increased sales but also to sustained brand loyalty through consistent and strategic engagement. This study highlights Instagram’s significance as an effective digital marketing platform for small businesses in the beauty industry, offering practical insights for enterprises seeking to optimize social media–based marketing strategies.

Against the backdrop of the in-depth advancement of Digital China and the rural revitalization strategy, short video platform algorithms, as a novel cultural intermediary force, are intricately linked to the reconstruction of the political ecology of urban-rural cultural identity. Existing research on digital technology and rural development predominantly focuses on macro policy and micro individual behavior levels, lacking systematic empirical investigation into how platform algorithms, as a structural force, shape urban-rural cultural identity. This study employed a nationwide stratified sampling survey, with urban and rural residents as the research subjects, and utilized regression analysis and structural equation modeling to systematically examine the differential association mechanisms of algorithm recommendation systems on the cultural identity of urban and rural residents, as well as the moderating roles of social structural factors such as household registration and education level. The results revealed that algorithm exposure is significantly and positively correlated with users’ acceptance of rural modernity narratives, which is specifically reflected in the significant enhancement of fusion innovation identification. Urban-rural household registration, as a key social location variable, moderates the association path between algorithm exposure and reality identification: urban user groups exhibit a positive correlation between the two, whereas rural user groups show no such association. Active search behavior weakens the association with algorithm domestication, as users resist the infiltration of a single narrative through autonomous information acquisition. Notably, different short video platforms exhibit significant differences in their associations with cultural identity, and both the urbanization level of permanent residence and education level exert significant moderating effects on cultural identity and algorithm perception. Based on these findings, this study proposes the “Algorithm Domestication Gap” defining the digital cultural divide as a multi-dimensional cognitive gap within the framework of the third-generation digital divide. This concept extends the knowledge gap theory, providing a theoretical lens for understanding technology-mediated urban-rural cultural politics, and offers practical implications for digital rural construction and platform governance.

The proliferation of digital commerce platforms has transformed consumer behavior while simultaneously elevating environmental consciousness among Indonesian consumers. This research investigates the influence of digital eco-labels on consumer willingness to pay premium prices on marketplace platforms, specifically Shopee and Tokopedia, within Indonesian urban contexts. Employing a quantitative associative research design, this study collected data from 50 active marketplace users through purposive sampling techniques using structured questionnaires with five-point Likert scales. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between digital eco-labels and willingness to pay premium prices, with perceived credibility and environmental knowledge as moderating variables. The findings reveal that digital eco-labels significantly and positively influence willingness to pay premium prices with a beta coefficient of 0.438 and significance level of 0.000. Perceived credibility effectively moderates this relationship with a coefficient of 0.312, while environmental knowledge demonstrates a moderating effect with a coefficient of 0.276. The research model explains 64.7 percent of the variance in willingness to pay premium prices. These empirical results confirm the applicability of Theory of Planned Behavior and signaling theory in the context of sustainable digital consumption in Indonesia. The study contributes theoretical insights into green consumer behavior within emerging market e-commerce platforms and provides practical implications for marketplace operators to develop transparent third-party verification systems for eco-labels, integrate educational content regarding sustainability, and optimize search algorithms to enhance visibility of verified sustainable products. Policy implications emphasize the necessity for governmental regulation standardizing digital sustainability labels and monitoring environmental claims in e-commerce to prevent greenwashing practices.

Developing reading skills in English as a foreign language (EFL) constitutes a persistent pedagogical challenge, particularly in contexts where learners have limited exposure to the target language beyond the classroom. The main goal was toanalyze the use of gamified reading platforms to support the development of reading and comprehension skill from students at Pajan Public School. Platforms such as Raz-Kids, ReadTheory, Epic! and CommonLit combine educational technology with elements of gamification, fostering learner engagement while supporting the development of reading comprehension and written production skills. This project adopts a mixed-method approach, combining bibliographic analysis and field data collection through teacher surveys, to generate practical and contextualized knowledge that enriches the teaching and learning of English through artificial intelligence. Empirical evidence from recent educational studies indicates that the systematic use of digital reading platforms contributes to increased reading motivation and significant improvements in comprehension outcomes, particularly among students in primary and lower secondary education. Nevertheless, the effective implementation of these tools is contingent upon several contextual conditions, including equitable access to technological resources, reliable internet connectivity, adequate teacher training, and thoughtful curricular integration aligned with instructional objectives.

Abstract The growth of quick-commerce service provider has significantly transformed urban customer behaviour by providing hyper-fast delivery service and streamlined online experiences. Though much of the literature available has largely concerned itself with functional measures, including consumer satisfaction, purchase intention, and repurchase propensity, the affective and relational aspects especially among the female users have been comparatively under-researched. To impose upon this gap, the current research will propose a concept, which attributes the critical role of digital convenience in the determination of customer affinity by female shoppers, using urban Q-commerce websites. This framework is based on Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) extensions, and the relationship marketing theory. Digital convenience has also been operationalised as a higher-order variable including platform-access convenience, search and information convenience, transaction and payment convenience, delivery-time certainty and post-purchase support convenience. Moreover, this paper hypothesizes, the concept of digital convenience produces cognitive and affective processes such as cognitive load reduction, emotional reassurance, and habit formation, which in their turn lead to the presence of emotional attachment, psychological proximity, and platform preference. This conceptual paper provides gender-sensitive insight on the future of Q-commerce research by going beyond transactional measurements and indicates the emergence of the intuitively relevant role of convenience in digitally mediated consumption. The suggested structure provides both content theoretical and practical information to those involved in platforms design and marketing professionals eager to develop long-lasting customer-platform interactions in the competitive urban Q-commerce environments. Keywords: Digital convenience, Customer affinity, Quick commerce, Women consumers, Urban digital platforms, Consumer behaviour

This study delves into the transformative influence of social media platforms on film marketing and distribution, with a particular focus on Funke Akindele's Nollywood film, ‘Everybody Loves Jenifa’. It examines the strategic utilisation of platforms like TikTok to promote films, analysing the marketing tactics employed and their subsequent impact on audience engagement and the commercial success of the film. Drawing upon established media and marketing theories, including the Uses and Gratifications, this research develops a comprehensive framework for understanding digital promotion within the dynamic Nollywood industry. The analysis assesses the effectiveness of various social media strategies in reaching target audiences, increasing film visibility, and driving conversion rates. Findings indicate that social media marketing significantly shapes audience perceptions and cultivates substantial interest in Nollywood films. This study contributes to the existing academic literature by highlighting how digital platforms profoundly influence film marketing outcomes within the Nigerian film industry. It offers actionable insights for filmmakers and marketers seeking to optimise their social media campaigns for maximum outreach and audience interaction. Ultimately, this research underscores the critical importance of leveraging social media in contemporary film marketing and provides a structured approach for evaluating its efficacy within the Nollywood context, guiding strategic decisions for industry practitioners aiming to enhance film promotion through digital channels.

Introduction: The study investigates the relationship between nomophobia and occupational balance among high school students. Nomophobia, or the fear of being without a mobile phone, is increasingly prevalent among adolescents, potentially impacting their daily routines and well-being. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nomophobia levels and occupational balance among high school students. Methods: Sociodemographic data were obtained with a sociodemographic form. The Adolescent Occupational Balance Scale was used to measure occupational balance. The Nomophobia Questionnaire was used to determine nomophobia levels. A total of 258 students participated in the study. Results: Findings reveal that as nomophobia levels increase, students’ ability to manage time and participate in various activities significantly decreases. This study found that students with severe nomophobia showed lower scores in occupational diversity and harmony, indicating that excessive reliance on digital platforms may reduce participation in social and academic activities. Conclusions: The study suggests that high levels of nomophobia may limit individuals’ ability to engage in a variety of meaningful activities, thereby disrupting their occupational balance. Considering occupational balance in future research and intervention strategies is crucial for promoting healthier technology use and improving the overall well-being of high school students. Trial registration: Clinical trial number: not applicable.

Undergraduate EFL students across diverse geographical and institutional contexts engage in self-directed English learning outside classrooms predominantly through digital platforms, with YouTube, WhatsApp, and social media emerging as the most frequently used tools. A consistent finding is that students favor receptive, input-oriented activities - particularly listening and watching English-language content - over productive activities such as speaking and writing, even when speaking is the skill they most wish to improve. Students typically spend one to three hours daily on English-language digital content, and their self-regulatory practices range from structured goal-setting and cyclical self-reflection to passive engagement such as watching videos without explicit learning strategies. Higher-proficiency learners tend to demonstrate more sophisticated metacognitive awareness and more effective self-regulatory cycles than lower-proficiency peers. The effectiveness of out-of-class self-directed practices depends on the interaction of several factors: individual interest and motivation, self-regulation capacity, degree of institutional scaffolding, and cultural context. Structured programs that bridge classroom instruction with independent learning and include teacher advisory roles produce more systematic and sustained self-directed behaviors than purely informal approaches. Key challenges include time constraints, declining engagement over time, limited productive skill practice, and cultural barriers to online communication in some contexts. Reported language gains center on listening, vocabulary, and speaking confidence, while writing remains the least developed skill through self-directed digital learning. This systematic review of 25 empirical studies underscores the need for targeted scaffolding to enhance the quality and persistence of undergraduate self-directed English learning beyond formal classrooms.

The rapid urbanization of the modern world initiated the emergence of digital cities, where advanced technologies converge to optimize urban living and address the limitations of a rapidly growing population. Central to this transformation are digital platforms and cloud computing. These interconnected technologies aid in shaping the future of urban landscapes, fostering sustainability, efficiency, and improved quality of life. Digital platforms serve as the backbone of smart cities, enabling seamless integration and management of various urban services and systems. One significant application of digital platforms in smart cities is the implementation of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). By integrating real-time traffic data, public transit information, and ride-sharing services, these platforms facilitate efficient transportation management, reduce congestion, and decrease carbon emissions. Cloud computing serves as a key enabler for managing the massive data flows generated by smart city infrastructures. The scalability and flexibility offered by cloud-based solutions allow cities to manage their resources efficiently and access computing power on demand without the need for extensive physical infrastructure. Cloud computing enhances smart city development by enabling collaborative data access and interaction among diverse stakeholders, from government agencies to private firms and residents.

<p>Digital platforms have redrawn the boundaries of economic power, public trust, and data control in ways that most regulatory frameworks were not designed to handle. This paper examines how platform giants accumulate and exercise corporate power, why data sovereignty has become a contested terrain, and where trust deficits emerge in organizational settings that depend on these platforms. Drawing on existing literature in platform studies, political economy, and digital governance, the paper maps the structural conditions that make platform overreach possible. It then presents documented cases in which platform-enabled practices eroded trust within workplaces and among users. The paper closes with practical advisories for workplace managers who must operate within, and alongside, platforms whose interests do not always align with those of the people they serve.</p>