Digital Media Production Research Articles

Digital journalism as a new type of media activity

The relevance of the study is caused by the continuous transformation and innovations of the digital environment, the undefined categorical apparatus of digital journalism, and national peculiarities of the process of creating online journalistic discourse. The main purpose of the study is to identify the conceptual features of digital journalism and to highlight the communication specificity of the designated type of media. Based on the studies of R. Salaverría, it is proposed to understand under digital journalism all types of journalism performed with the help of digital technologies, that is changeable social journalistic practice focused on a heterogeneous mass audience, presented in specific but at the same time changeable genres and formats. Thus, there are debates on the application of the terms ‘cyberjournalism’, ‘online journalism’, ‘multimedia journalism’, ‘computational journalism’, ‘algorithmic journalism’, ‘data-driven journalism’, and others to this type of media activity. The main research method applied in this study is discourse analysis, which made it possible to understand the problems of a modern digital environment, to trace the genesis of digital journalism, to carry out typological analysis of the existing digital media system, to determine the specifics of media products and audience participation in digital creation and consumption of news. The novelty of the study lies in an attempt to introduce a systematic definition of ‘digital journalism’ into the scientific discourse, to pay attention to such features as uncertainty and variability, a transformation of the traditional categorical apparatus, changing roles and functions of participants in the communicative process. The results of the study clarify the subject-object and structural characteristics of modern journalism as well as determine the organizational and technological transformations of digital media production.

Pushing the frontiers of Nigeria’s cultural communication through digital media practice

This article uses the example of a digital Nigeria visualization and animation project to provide an insight into the kind of technological, cultural and communication possibilities available for indigenous groups of Africa, and Nigeria in particular. This follows the nascent dispersal of the digital three-dimensional media production experiences in Nigeria. The project has used digital media technology to capture visual elements of different cultural elements amongst the Igbo of Nigeria as a means of promoting identity and cultural longevity. An overview of the development of digital 3D animation in Nigeria has been used to locate the project in the stream of contemporary practice so as to provide the right context for its appreciation.

Rationale, Design and Methods Protocol for Participatory Design of an Online Tool to Support Industry Service Provision Regarding Digital Technology Use 'with, by and for' Young Children.

Adults who educate and care for young children are exposed to mixed-messages about what is in the best interests of young children in digital society. Such mixed-messaging makes adult decision-making about technology use in the best interests of young children hard to achieve. This project addresses this problem by working with leading organisations providing services related to quality digital media production, online-safety education, digital play and digital parenting. Using a Participatory Design approach, families, educators, industry partners and researchers will conduct mixed-methods investigations concerning: Relationships; Health and Well-being; Citizenship; and Play and Pedagogy to identify practices concerning technology use ‘with, by and for’ young children. Iterative design cycles will develop an Online Tool to support organisations providing services to young children and the adults responsible for their education and care. As society becomes more digital families and educators need new knowledge about what people do in digital society to inform their decision-making. This project will support organisations to use an empirically informed approach to service provision regarding using technologies in the best interests of young children.

Performance Evaluation of the Objective Functions for Digital Media in Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Thing (IoT) technology allows physical objects to connect to the Internet and it is based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) that represent an essential component for IoT. Moreover, the high rate of using the internet has enabled the spread of digital media such that the world is populated by digital media products, which are included in several industries such as healthcare and education. Moreover, it has emerged that IoT technologies enable the objects from exchanging digital data and communicating in an efficient way by using a routing protocol. Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL) is one of the most growing routing protocols in IoT. Specifically, it is a routing protocol for WSNs with low-power and lossy networks(LNNs), proposed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as a standard for routing packets in WSN to support IPv6 communication. Furthermore, RPL uses objective functions(OFs) to optimize the path from source to destination. Mainly, it has two objective functions that are: Objective Function Zero (OF0) and Minimum Rank with Hysteresis Objective Function (MRHOF). In this paper, the evaluation and the analysis of RPL's objective functions are presented in terms of both Power Consumption (PC) and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) in medium network sizes specifically when N=25, N=40, and N=50 using a set of network parameters, including Packet Reception Ratio (RX) and Transmission range (TX) under random and grid network topologies. The experimental results show that the two objective functions perform the same in term of PDR when RX=100% but in some cases MRHOF outperforms OF0 and gives a 1-5% higher PDR than OF0. However, on average OF0 consumes less power than MRHOF.

Examining the Impact of Systemic Tensions on Agency and Identity: The Multiple Positions of Reggie in Production-Centered, Technology-Mediated Activity

This paper presents two examples of production-centered, technology-mediated activities in a one-to-one laptop classroom, and examines how those activities supported vastly divergent forms of student agency and participation. As schools turn to large-scale technology programs, such as one-to-one initiatives, to overcome persistent educational and social inequalities, growing concerns over a widening participation gap in production-centered activities are calling on educators to forge new technology-mediated learning experiences that bridge students’ lived experiences and interests with educational content. The findings of this study, however, show that production-centered, technology-mediated activities may inadvertently stifle engagement and agency if they do not leverage students’ personal funds of knowledge in the co-construction of new educational practices or participation structures. Analyzed through the lenses of cultural historical activity theory and identities-in-practice, the paper follows Reggie, a high school senior and native Haitian who chronically disengaged from classroom activities, despite an interest and significant background knowledge in digital media production. Discussion centers on the ways in which classroom activities afforded opportunities for Reggie to leverage this knowledge, leading, in one case, to rule-based tensions that ended in the elimination of projects and student autonomy, and in the other, to a remarkable transformation of Reggie’s identity-in-practice, in which he helped to co-construct a new division of labor for achieving the object of activity. The paper ends with an argument for the consideration of coordinated changes to multiple elements of activity, and their implications on social practice as essential components of technology program design, and of framing participation-based digital education inequities.

Psicología del consumidor y las nuevas tendencias en los medios de comunicación publicitaria

A partir de los primeros registros que se poseen de la civilización, los seres humanos no solo han especulado acerca de la naturaleza, las causas de la mente y el comportamiento, sino que también han empleado su ingenio para someter a pruebas empíricas estas especulaciones. Una vez consolidado el estudio y planteamiento de la psicología, esta se ha propagado en todos los ámbitos, el del marketing no escapa a esta cobertura y es motivo de múltiples estudios como el presente en el que se combina también la incidencia de los medios publicitarios; se planteó como objetivo general investigar la psicología del consumidor y las nuevas tendencias en los medios de comunicación publicitaria; para el efecto, se hizo de uso de forma sistemática de una metodología orientada al estudio bibliográfico y de campo con lo que se obtuvieron resultados que determinan la interrelación entre las variables en estudio y se permitió evidenciar que la influencia actual de medios de comunicación se centra mayormente en medios digitales producto de la sociedad de la información y comunicación en la que vive el mundo actual.

Gendered Digital Citizenship: How Indonesian Female Journalists Participate in Gender Activism

ABSTRACT Per-capita, Indonesia has one of the world’s largest user bases of social media. However, in terms of online participation, Indonesian women lag behind their male counterparts (Suwana [2017]. “Empowering Indonesian Women Through Building Digital Media Literacy.” Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences 38 (3): 212–217). This article contributes to a greater understanding of how digital media and engagement enables Indonesian women (as digital citizens) to creatively express themselves, contest gendered ideals, and coordinate political and social activism. It builds on literature that seeks to understand what this means for Indonesian women’s active participation in and undertaking of digital citizenship. Drawing on interdisciplinary projects conducted by the authors, we discuss how female journalists negotiate digital activism in the Indonesian context. We demonstrate that Indonesian women’s digital engagement and their active participation in the production of digital media enables them to creatively express and contest gendered ideals, as well as mobilise activism around political and social causes. In doing so, this article applies a gendered perspective to emerging concepts of digital citizenship, highlighting women’s engagement, activism, autonomy, and creative expression.

Politics of race, gender, and visual representation in feminist media education

ABSTRACT This paper discusses technologies of power and technologies of self in relation to race and gender in youth digital media production. We query how girls of color use feminist filmmaking to tell the stories they want to tell, and ask where the political discourse shaping their media production is located throughout the process. Our analysis is based on research conducted from 2015 to 2017 exploring traditional and mobile digital video production practices in non-profit media education programs. We offer a view to the cultural politics of digital video production in educational settings and focus on two final productions – an exposé about girls’ empowerment and a horror genre inspired slasher film – each reproducing and subverting common themes of racial and gender-based oppression in and through digital media.

Co-creation of knowledge using mobile technologies and digital media as pedagogical devices in undergraduate STEM education

Digital media assignments are a widely used method of assessing student learning in higher education. Despite their common use, the literature on digital media assignments has many gaps regarding theoretical frameworks to guide their design, implementation and evaluation. This research paper focuses on student attitudes towards the use of mobile technology and digital media assignments in undergraduate STEM education. The study used a set of novel theoretical frameworks to identify training needs in digital media production, development of assessment weightings, marking rubrics and student training and resources. Longitudinal data were captured over a period of 4 years (n = 1724) using a mixed-methods approach. Validated questionnaires measured student attitudes to digital media support and attitudes to technology, understanding of the assignment, knowledge construction and digital media for learning and career development. Open-ended questions helped gather suggestions from students for improving the assessment task. Questionnaire data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and qualitative data with thematic analysis. The results suggested that students enjoyed group work, found learning with digital media to be engaging and developed critical thinking and digital media skills. In conclusion, STEM students had a positive learning experience repurposing mobile technology as pedagogical devices that present knowledge by using a multi-modal approach mediated by digital media.

Cultural intermediation and the basis of trust among webtoon and webnovel communities

ABSTRACT This study investigates some of the previously unrecognized reading, writing and sharing trends emerging across Asian-born popular digital webtoon and webnovel platforms. These particular sectors of the creative industries are rapidly becoming energizing vehicles for transmedia intellectual property (IP) – referring to a network of interconnected media, popular culture and merchandise emanating from a single creative source. Specifically, South Korean webtoons and Chinese webnovels are cultivating new audiences and participatory cultures beyond their Asian borders, and thus playing a significant economic role in the percentage of global GDP that the broader cultural and creative industries generate annually. To shed light on how this phenomenon is shifting various modes of production, this study analyses how a range of active fans, otherwise known as ‘cultural intermediaries’, have moved to the forefront of creative industry transformations while building trust among their followers and demonstrating loyalties with the platforms on which they circulate their user-created content. Taken together, the webtoons and webnovels explored highlight some of the complex impacts and tensions on the production, circulation, and translation of popular digital media in an increasingly participatory and decentralised online and mobile environments. In so doing, it introduces important global perspectives to an area of study often firmly anchored to Western cultural products and practices, thereby contributing to current discussions on the continuing transformation of creative work in Asia's digital economy.

Negotiated, contested and political: the disruptive Third Spaces of youth media production

ABSTRACT Traditionally media production with young people has been characterized by an aspiration to ‘give voice’ or ‘empower youth’, but this core value is under threat. Recently, the rationale for undertaking youth media production has shifted to focus on enabling young people to acquire digital and entrepreneurial skills that serve the needs of rapidly changing creative industry / gig economy. In this paper, we challenge this rationale by sharing qualitative data from a young people's media production project run in libraries in a city in the United Kingdom where participants were invited to create video games/stories. We adopt Potter and McDougall's notion of Third Spaces as negotiated, contested and political to enable us to identify the ways in which pedagogical choices of setting, software and style of facilitation combined to support young people’s critical and creative engagement with digital media and society. We re frame notions of third spaces, seeing less a bridge between linguistic and cultural domains, arguing instead that Third Spaces are productively disruptive. We conclude by proposing a new set of pedagogical principles for critical reflection in the development and funding of digital media production with young people.

Olympic Games as a Digital Media Product

This paper studies the development of economic ties between professional sports and media in the past ten years by the example of the Olympic Games media coverage. The main purpose of the research is to identify the regularities that are formed in the communicative environment of elite sports. The paper is focused on the Olympic Games as the global sports events that include several types of sports competitions. The subject of the study is the sport as a product. The object of the study is the sport entertainment products in the media sphere. The relevance of the research is that the interconnections between sports and media expand and change rapidly and are influenced not only by the development of new technologies but also by a coronavirus situation. The systematization of literary sources on the selected matter indicated the need for further studies to reflect the rampant evolution of sports media and the lack of unified terminology for viewing professional sports through the prism of mass media as a media product. The methodology of the research is based on the analysis of open-source statistical data and a set of empirical materials (official websites of sports organizations, TV channels, and social media pages). The author viewed these materials from four perspectives: the audience, the marketing approach, the sports themselves as a source of information, the mainstream and the new media. The results allowed identifying the main trends of the information space formation around the object under study. These trends prove that the structure of the «Elite Sports» media product is becoming more complex, and the number of communicative links and broadcasting opportunities of sports events has increased. Finally, the author proposed a conceptual model of representing professional sports as a media product on the example of the major sports events, through defining its communication links. The findings of the research could be useful for setting vectors for studying mainstream and new media in the chosen area. The study can be of interest to sports journalists, bloggers, managers, and officials. Keywords audience, communication, content distribution, professional sports, sports event.

Application of virtual reality technology and digital twin in digital media communication

Virtual reality emerged as an interactive, dynamic and dynamic technology in the early 1980 s. recently, with the introduction of advanced digital (DT) concept and its application in space, it has great advantages in information integration. virtual integration, real-time dynamic optimization decision-making and so on are helpful to solve these problems. means making full use of physical models and data (product design data, historical run data, service recovery data, etc.) to accomplish tasks. Replicating physical space in virtual space and applying virtual reality and digital mirror image to the production of digital media can help news integrate all content, display the whole process, avoid problems, close circuits, optimize repeated operations, Make dynamic decisions in real time. The goal is to realize the interaction and integration between the real world environment and the virtual space of the digital environment in order to realize the harmony between the virtual real space in the whole life cycle.

Ethnographic Media Literacy in the Third Space

As Poveda, Thomson and Ferro (2018) observe, there is a momentum in ethnographic explorations of the arts in education in which “an increasing number of researchers have turned their attention to expressive practices and artistic spaces as contexts and tools for learning, identity construction and social mobilization (p. 269).” However, the distinction between ethnography of education and education by ethnography – i.e. an ethnographic pedagogy – is at least partly maintained within this momentum. This research attempted an ethnographic approach to pedagogy, utilising digital media literacy for creative production, to facilitate new ways for students to critically engage with their own lived experiences in relation to their participation in formal ‘schooled’ learning. The pedagogic value of this type of ethnographic approach was assessed over two years of participatory fieldwork with three secondary schools and one further education college in the West Midlands of the United Kingdom, working with teachers in multiple curricular areas using ‘low-tech’ media literacy work with students. Our findings suggest that while there are clear benefits presented by this (digital) ethnographic pedagogy, for it to work in media literacy education there is a need for the creation of critical, dynamic “third spaces” (Bhabha 1994) for students to work in. The creation of these spaces is highly contingent on the respective classification and framing (Bernstein 1975) of the subject curriculum. This research developed out of a series of ethnographic interventions into digital media education, including a European Union funded project on ethnographic social documentary as a transferable pedagogic tool (McDougall 2013) and a large scale field review of third space media literacies (Potter and McDougall 2017, see also McDougall et al. 2018). To apply this conceptual framing to a specific pedagogic context over a longer time period, the research aimed to address the following research questions: 1. What pedagogical value is afforded by the use of ethnographic digital media making as a tool for creative production and critically reflexive media literacy? 2. How can ethnographic pedagogy, in the form of creative digital media production, enhance participation in classroom learning? 3. What is the potential for ‘low-tech’ creative production to transgress boundaries between curriculum areas and modes of literacy, learning and teaching? 4. How can ethnographic digital media-making give ‘voice’ to learners and how is ‘voice’ socio-culturally framed within pedagogic and research discourses?

Citizen journalists, sports fans or advocates? The motivations of female independent sports media producers in Australia

Australia’s major sporting codes proudly promote the fact that almost 40 per cent of their fans are women, however, this gender balance is not reflected in the composition of the media workforce covering sport. Further, there is very little mainstream media coverage of women’s sport and female athletes in Australia. However, the advent of digital media and lower barriers of access into the media market have led to a proliferation of women creating independent sports media; that is, media produced outside newsrooms by individuals who are not professional journalists. These products, which mostly comprise websites and podcasts, focus on sport generally and women’s sport and female athletes more specifically. These products have regularly secured accreditation to cover events and interview talent, an indication they have been accepted into the sports media landscape, and have started to develop significant audiences. This study conducted in-depth qualitative interviews to explore who these women are, why they create digital sports media products and whether they believe they are practising journalism.

Digital Media and Knowledge Production Within Social Movements: Insights From the Transition Movement in Italy

In this article, we aim at contributing to ongoing discussions on the nexus between digital media and social movements. We investigate how activists problematize the inclusion of digital media within their courses of action and exploit these tools to produce and diffuse alternative knowledge on the issues on which they mobilize. We do so by studying Transition Italia (TI), the Italian hub of the transnational Transition movement struggling for resilience and sustainability. First, we reconstruct how activists problematized the adoption of digital media within TI’s courses of action. Second, we explore how activists leveraged Facebook affordances to produce and diffuse alternative knowledge on TI as a collective actor, its visions and practices, its action networks, and the political alternatives it aims to achieve. Far from being passive adopters of digital media, activists considered critically the inclusion of digital media within TI’s activities in light of three elements of import to the national activist community: the appropriateness of mainstream digital platforms to inform citizens, the perceived efficacy of digital tools, and the attempt to distinguish themselves from the global Transition Network. Moreover, we show that activists engaged in a “knowledge curation work” by sharing links and creating and spreading original contents.

디지털 미디어 제작을 통한 컴퓨팅 사고력 향상 효과성 분석 연구

컴퓨팅 사고력은 창의적, 논리적, 계산적 사고를 통해 실생활의 다양한 문제를 발견하고 접근하여 최적화된 문제 해결 방법을 찾아가는 사고 능력이다. 컴퓨팅 사고력 향상 목적 달성을 위한 교육은 일반적으로 코딩 교육을 통해서 이루어지고 있다. 그러나 프로그래밍 교육에 흥미가 없거나 어려워하는 학생들을 위한 다양한 교육적 대안이 필요하다. 최근 디지털 미디어에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 이유로 디지털 미디어 제작을 통한 컴퓨팅 사고력 향상 교육을 시도하였다. 본 연구에서는 학부생을 대상으로 한 교양과목 ‘디지털 미디어 제작’ 수업에 툴 기술 교육을 탈피하여 컴퓨팅 사고력 요소를 적용해 수업을 실시하였고 사전·사후 검사를 통해 어떠한 변화가 있는지 알아보았다. 그 결과 디지털미디어 제작을 통해 컴퓨팅 사고력이 향상되는 긍정적인 효과를 확인 할 수 있었고 추가적으로 공유 및 협업, 의사소통능력까지 향상되는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Digital Video Based Rampak Kendang Learning Media for Deaf Students

This study aims to develop an effective digital video-based learning media for rampak kendang learning in Special Schools (SLB). This digital video learning media developed contains the learning process of Rampak Kendang using sign language. This learning media is validated by experts and tested in the field. This research is R & D research through the stages of needs analysis, digital video media design, product validation, field trials, and testing of media effectiveness. The procedure of research development and digital video media development for learning rampak kendang through several stages. The first stage is needs analysis in the form of observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The second is making video designs, making storyboards, making flowchart views, and collecting materials. The third is product validation that consist of media experts validation, material experts, and users. In media expert validation, it got a score of 38 with good criteria on the aspect of appearance, while in the programming aspect got a score of 32 with sufficient criteria. Validation of material experts and users (teachers), consist of the format aspect that got a score of 24, the content aspect of the score 23, the language aspect score of 37, and it got a score 55 for learning aspect, all aspects were in good criteria.

Structural and dynamic characteristics of the processes of digital transformation of national socio-economic systems

The aim of the article is to analyze the structural and dynamic characteristics of the processes of digital transformation of national socio-economic systems. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the scientific works of scientists in the study of the digital transformation system. To achieve the goal set in the work, the following research methods were used: theoretical generalization – the main directions of digitalization; methods of statistical analysis – to characterize the structural and dynamic trends in the development of the information and communication technology sector in Ukraine. Results. In the context of accelerated digital transformation of global processes, the competitiveness of both the national economy as a whole and individual business entities depends on the ability to create, implement and effectively use digital technologies in all areas of operation. The analysis showed that Ukraine, despite the relatively late development of digital transformations and the definition of digital development as one of the priorities of public policy, has a high level of potential for the development of IT technologies. This is confirmed by the presence of highly qualified specialists in demand in the world’s leading countries, the growth of exports of IT services, the accelerated growth of the internal market of information and telecommunications, the presence of sufficiently extensive communication infrastructure. A significant obstacle to the development of the national economy and accelerated digital transformation of business, in particular in the real sector, is the reduction of direct production of devices, devices and digital media (their specific weight in the industrial structure is only 2.5 % and halved during 2012–2019). This causes a significant dependence of Ukraine on imported media, equipment for digital technologies and partially digital content, as well as the preservation of the low level of technological structure of the country as a whole. More positive are the trends in the digitalization of the services sector, which is more mobile in this context and focused on the continuous introduction, improvement and use of digital technologies, including the creation of intelligent market services, the specific weight of which is growing every year. Examining the development of digital technologies in Ukraine, we can identify the following main trends that combine macro-, meso- and micro-levels of socio-economic systems in Ukraine and contribute to the accelerated transformation of the economy and society: the development of e-commerce; development of digital banking services and administration of public services. These areas are developing at an accelerated pace in recent years, outpacing the pace of their development, even in some EU countries. Practical meaning. Data from the analysis of structural and dynamic trends in the development of the information and communication technology sector in Ukraine, which can be used by scientists, teachers and students. Prospects for further research. Overcoming certain major barriers to the development and dissemination of digitization processes in national systems.

Digital Literacy Through Digital Citizenship: Online Civic Participation and Public Opinion Evaluation of Youth Minorities in Southeast Asia

The field of critical digital literacy studies has burgeoned in recent years as a result of the increased cultural consumption of digital media as well as the turn to the production of digital media forms. This article extends extant digital literacy studies by focusing on its subfield of digital citizenship. Proposing that digital citizenship is not another dimension or axis of citizenship, but a practice through which civic activities in the various dimensions of citizenship are conducted, this article critically considers how the concept of digital citizenship can furnish further insight into the quality of online civic participation that results in claims to and acts of citizenship. Through interdisciplinary scholarship, drawing from critical media and cultural theory, and media psychology, and deriving new empirical data from qualitative digital ethnography and quantitative focus group and survey studies, it presents original case studies with young people in Southeast Asia, including young Muslim women’s groups in Indonesia and youth public opinion on LGBTs in Singapore. It argues that Southeast Asian youth digital citizenship foregrounds civic participation as emergent acts that not only serve to make society a better place, but also enacts alternative publics that characterise new modes of civic-making in more conservative, collectivistic Southeast Asian societies.