The paper examines the transformative role of digital memory projects in archival history, focusing on The 1947 Partition Archive as a pioneering model. Digitalization transcends a mere shift in medium, critically challenging the authority and politics embedded in traditional archives. Drawing on Jacques Derrida’s Archive Fever (1995), the archive is conceptualized not as a neutral repository but as a contested space where power dynamics influence what is preserved, who controls access, and which memories are amplified or suppressed. Derrida’s concept of “fever”, the simultaneous compulsion to remember and fear of forgetting, illuminates the inherent tensions of archival practice. The Archive disrupts state-centric narratives by leveraging digital technology to decentralize memory production, privileging marginalized voices often excluded from official historical accounts. It foregrounds personal stories, oral histories, and affective experiences over bureaucratic records, enabling the coexistence of multiple, sometimes conflicting narratives of trauma, migration, resilience, and longing. By redefining the archive as a participatory and pluralistic space, this digital archive challenges conventional notions of historical knowledge and authority. Aligning with Derridean archival theory, it critiques exclusionary practices and fosters inclusive engagement with the past. The Archive exemplifies how digital archives actively reshape the construction, experience, and transmission of history in the digital era, facilitating more ethical, human-centered forms of memory and historiography.

This study examines a case of urban renewal in Shibuya, one of Tokyo’s most prominent downtown areas, featuring Miyashita Park, a dilapidated 10,000‐square‐meter park that transformed into a modern commercial complex consisting of a multistory commercial building with a roof park and an 18‐story hotel. Shibuya Ward, the park’s administrator, selected private companies—initially Nike Japan and subsequently Mitsui Fudosan—as the redevelopment agency to install and operate park facilities—a public–private partnership that went beyond the conventional park concept by building sophisticated commercial facilities. This redevelopment, which began at the end of the 2000s, was met with fierce opposition. To investigate these dynamics, the article draws on qualitative content analysis of Shibuya Ward Assembly minutes (2008–2020), obtained from the official digital archive, alongside media coverage. By systematically reviewing committee and plenary debates where key policy decisions were made, the study traces how the project was planned, debated, and implemented. The findings show that despite legal ambiguities and strong criticism, the ward advanced the project by framing the park as an unprofitable facility requiring private‐sector expertise, redefining regulatory boundaries, and limiting resident participation to a formal procedure. This process illuminates how public–private‐partnership‐led redevelopment, embedded in Japan’s broader neoliberal urbanism, can proceed through strong political conviction at the local level amid opposition and limited transparency. The study contributes to international debates on urban public space, highlighting how local governments act not only as regulators but also as active promoters of privatization and the erosion of urban commons.

Digital Curation of Formalin-Preserved Heart Specimens via 3D Photometric Scanning: A Report on Recent Archiving Techniques and Optimizations.

To examine how generative AI reimagines Dussehra through anime-style visuals and to assess how these representations influence global perceptions of Indian culture. The study uses a qualitative analysis of secondary data from AI-art platforms, digital archives, and audience discussions. It interprets visual patterns, circulation dynamics, and viewer responses through the proposed AI–Culture–Perception Framework. AI-generated anime increases the global visibility of Dussehra by translating mythic symbols into accessible visual forms. However, the outputs may simplify cultural nuances or introduce aesthetic distortions due to algorithmic bias and stylistic blending. Audience reactions show a mix of appreciation, curiosity, and concern about authenticity. The study offers one of the first analyses of festival representation through AI-generated anime and introduces a conceptual model explaining how cultural meaning is reshaped through AI mediation and platform circulation. The research relies solely on secondary data; future studies should include empirical audience surveys for deeper insight.

The conventional letter archiving system still employed by government institutions such as the Financial Center of the National Police Headquarters (Mabes Polri) Selong faces several limitations, including document loss risks, slow retrieval processes, and restricted physical storage capacity. To address these issues, this study developed a web-based letter archiving system using the Waterfall development model. The system was designed to replace manual processes with a more structured, accurate, and efficient digital workflow. Key features of the system include account registration, login authentication, document management, category and file management, user administration, and theme customization. System testing demonstrated that all eight core features operated successfully. Performance evaluation using GTmetrix achieved a 90% performance score with an average page load time of 2.2 seconds. Security testing confirmed that the system is free from malware and blacklist threats, with only two medium-level risks identified out of forty test cases. The results indicate that the proposed system effectively enhances administrative efficiency and provides a reliable digital archiving solution to support correspondence management within government institutions.

In today's academic and professional world, knowledge management methods are being transformed by artificial intelligence (AI). This research examines the integration of AI in three specific areas: automating document search processes, optimizing digital archiving systems, and improving knowledge discovery mechanisms. Through a systematic review of recent literature and an analysis of existing empirical studies, this study examines the hypothesis that AI can improve the effectiveness of knowledge management while preserving the central role of human expertise. The results reveal varying efficiency gains depending on the context of application, but also highlight critical challenges in terms of algorithmic bias, explainability, and organizational implementation.

This study investigates the vulnerability of modernist architectural heritage and the multifaceted challenges it faces in contemporary society. The analysis focuses on the inherent difficulties of conserving these structures, considering their cultural and historical significance alongside the need for adaptation to current social, functional, and regulatory requirements. Through the lens of a key case study, the architectural legacy of the distinguished Argentine architect Miguel Ángel Roca, the research examines how digitization can address these challenges by generating multi-scale and multi-resolution models that support detailed analysis and conservation strategies. The research stems from an interdisciplinary collaboration among the National University of Córdoba in Argentina, the University of Salerno, and Federico II University of Naples in Italy. It showcases the potential of digital tools for modernist heritage conservation, providing innovative solutions for its management, enhancing community engagement, and establishing a comprehensive digital archive. This archive ensures the long-term preservation and dissemination of Roca’s work, contributing to future research and educational initiatives. By integrating digital technologies, the study addresses the technical, social, and economic challenges associated with heritage conservation. The creation of detailed digital archives offers a sustainable framework for managing modernist architecture, ensuring its adaptability to contemporary demands while preserving its historical integrity. Furthermore, this research aligns with the objectives of the journal’s special issue, Imperfect Modernism, by exploring how changing social and political conditions across different countries shape contemporary attitudes toward modern architecture. It explores weaknesses in preservation and protection practices that can affect its legacy, and the challenges and solutions inherent in its conservation, and highlights how the interdisciplinary and digital methodologies introduced set new standards for the sustainable management of architectural heritage, promoting a balance between conservation and the need for modernization in response to evolving societal needs.

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate how effectively large language models (LLMs) represent and generate minority cultural knowledge, specifically Taiwanese Hakka culture. To address this, the study proposes a structured and replicable evaluation framework integrating Bloom’s taxonomy and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). The research is guided by the following questions: (1) How do LLMs perform across different cognitive domains when processing Hakka cultural content? (2) To what extent does the integration of RAG enhance the accuracy and contextual appropriateness of LLM outputs? And (3) How do different LLM architectures compare in their ability to recall, analyse and creatively synthesize culturally grounded information? Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a cognitive benchmarking framework to evaluate how LLMs process and apply culturally specific knowledge. The framework integrates Bloom’s taxonomy with RAG to assess model performance across six hierarchical cognitive domains: remembering, understanding, applying, analysing, evaluating and creating. Using a curated Taiwanese Hakka digital cultural archive as the primary testbed, the evaluation measures LLM-generated responses’ semantic accuracy and cultural relevance. Findings The evaluation results indicate that LLMs augmented with RAG exhibit marked improvements over baseline models in the cognitive domains of remembering, understanding and analysing. These enhancements are particularly evident in tasks requiring factual accuracy, contextual relevance and semantic precision, underscoring RAG’s effectiveness in addressing the knowledge sparsity typically observed in underrepresented cultural data sets. However, a notable limitation persists across all models including those equipped with RAG in the domain of creating. This suggests that while retrieval mechanisms bolster the reproduction and comprehension of cultural knowledge, they do not yet sufficiently support culturally nuanced generative synthesis. Originality/value This study introduces a novel evaluation framework integrating cognitive domain benchmarks with RAG-enhanced LLMs to assess cultural knowledge processing. The research advances culturally grounded artificial intelligence (AI) systems and digital archival quality by empirically demonstrating RAG’s impact on improving factual accuracy in lower and mid-level tasks. The findings affirm the strategic value of retrieval integration for enhancing representational fidelity in cultural AI applications, while also highlighting the need for future research into hybrid architectures that combine external grounding with culturally adaptive generation strategies.

The article is dedicated to analyzing the features of applying digital humanities (DH) in teaching humanities disciplines in higher education institutions, with an emphasis on comparing Western and Ukrainian experiences. The relevance of the topic is driven by the digital transformation of education, the need for adaptation to societal changes, and improving the quality of learning through innovative technologies. Analysis of recent studies shows that DH integrates cloud systems, open science, digital archives, and data analysis tools, promoting interdisciplinarity and interactivity in the educational environment, despite challenges of accessibility and faculty training. The theoretical foundations are based on the evolution of digital humanities from text digitization to methodology formation and integration into education with AI. Key implementation principles in Ukraine focus on interdisciplinarity, academic integrity, openness, practice-based learning, and continuity. Research results demonstrate a high level of DH implementation in EU and US countries. A crucial factor for effective DH integration is a methodological foundation that combines humanistic values with technological approaches. The Ukrainian experience shows gradual institutional integration of DH into curricula, development of digital educational courses, and student involvement in project-based research activities. Western and Ukrainian experiences reveal two different but complementary approaches: systematic implementation in EU and US countries and adaptive innovation under crisis conditions in Ukraine. The prospects for DH implementation in Ukrainian higher education include unified standards, a network of DH centers, interdisciplinary master’s programs, and methodological recommendations for instructors

What occurs when soldiers’ private photographs enter the public domain? This article examines a digital vernacular repository and its collection of personal images from the Portuguese colonial war (1961-74). Drawing on archival analysis, interviews, and ethnographic research regarding the production, uses, and circulation of war photography, it discusses the transformation of photographs from objects of affect into objects of public scrutiny. By exploring the history of the self-named digital archive, this essay argues that its emergence, success, and longevity are inseparable from its vernacular character and the absence of consistent Portuguese politics of memory concerning the war. The archive’s curatorial practices avoid questioning colonialism and the violence of the conflict, thereby providing an uncritical space for articulating unofficial representations of the past while sustaining the public narrative of the war years. Focusing on the archive’s collection of photographs from Angola, the article addresses three significant encounters that conscripts experienced due to the war: their encounters with military life, Africa, and Africans. The relationship between photograph and caption proves crucial to understanding the colonial and warrior imaginaries that underpin the photographic gaze and its contemporary discursive reconfiguration.

In this article we present the progress made in the digitalization process of the Newspaper Archive of El Litoral and its incorporation into the Digital Archive of the Instituto de Investigaciones Geohistóricas (IIGHI), part of CONICET/UNNE. After discussing some relevant aspects of the newspaper’s history, founded in 1960, we detail the methodology used during the process, which included the digitalization of the newspapers, their organization, cataloging, and upload to the AtoM (Access to Memory) archive management system, an open-source platform specifically designed for archival description and digital collection management. Finally, we reflect on the contributions of this type of source to the construction of the history of the province of Corrientes and the NEA (Northeast Argentina) during the second half of the 20th century, as well as the benefits that its digitalization and inclusion in an open-access repository can offer for this purpose.

The aim of this research is to analyse the evolution of the photographic representation of women on the front pages of the newspapers ABC and El País, based on a convenience sample of all March issues from 1977 to 1997. The research method used is visual content analysis (Neuendorf, 2017). The units of analysis were obtained from the digital newspaper archives of both newspapers, specifically the front-page archive sections. Of the 1,300 front pages examined, 242 photographs featured women. Beyond the quantitative dimension, the interpretative aspects of visual representation were also considered. This dual approach not only allows for measuring frequencies but also for understanding the cultural and ideological implications of the portrayals. The presence of women on the front pages remains a minority compared to that of men, usually not exceeding 10–15%. Results show that ABC reinforces traditional roles and the decorative representation of women, while El País highlights their political and labour presence, albeit with an emphasis on victimisation. The analysis reveals how these photographs shaped a gendered visual narrative in the press, restricting women’s visibility and recognition in political and professional spheres. Extending these findings to the present, visual stereotypes are shown to persist and to be reproduced not only in digital environments but also in artificial intelligence-generated imagery.

For many historic engineering structures, including early 20th-century truss bridges, no comprehensive technical documentation has survived, making them highly vulnerable to irreversible loss. This study addresses this challenge by developing and testing a non-invasive, UAV-based photogrammetric methodology for the comprehensive documentation of the Niestępowo railway viaduct in Northern Poland. A dense geodetic control network was established using GNSS and total station measurements, providing a metrically verified reference framework for 3D reconstruction. Two photogrammetric software platforms—Bentley ContextCapture and Agisoft Metashape—were employed and comparatively evaluated in terms of processing workflow, accuracy, and model fidelity. To ensure methodological robustness, both tools were used for cross-validation of the generated 3D models and for the comparative assessment of their dimensional consistency against archival documentation. The results confirm that both platforms can produce highly accurate, photorealistic 3D models suitable for engineering inventory and heritage preservation, with Agisoft Metashape yielding slightly higher geometric precision, while Bentley ContextCapture ensured superior automation for large datasets. The generated 3D models reproduced details such as rivets, cracks, and corrosion marks with millimeter-level accuracy. The presented workflow demonstrates the potential of UAV photogrammetry as a reliable and scalable method for safeguarding cultural and technical heritage. By enabling the creation of metrically precise digital archives of historic bridges, the methodology supports future conservation, monitoring, and restoration efforts—preserving not only physical form but also the historical and engineering legacy of these structures.

Social media has long facilitated self-presentation, but the tension between authenticity and performativity remains. BeReal, launched in 2020, promised a more ‘authentic’ experience by requiring users to share unedited, real-time images. This study examines the platform’s perceived value, its initial appeal, and subsequent decline in user engagement. Through a large-scale qualitative survey ( N = 333), we present motivations for (dis)engagement, revealing a trajectory of enthusiasm, scepticism, and eventual disinterest. Participants valued BeReal for fostering social connection and serving as a digital memory archive. However, growing cynicism about authenticity – along with increasing performative behaviours and feature creep – diminished its appeal. Applying Ng’s post-adoption model we map users’ transition from adoption to discontinuance, situating BeReal’s decline within broader trends of social media fatigue. Our findings contribute to debates on ethical social media design, performative authenticity and user disengagement, providing insight into the ephemeral nature of digital platforms.

This study explores the emerging roles of global tax advisory firms in the digital transformation of tax administration (DTA)—a rapidly evolving frontier of digital government where the influence of external actors remains underexamined. As national governments increasingly turn to firms like the Big Four to modernize tax systems, the diverse modes through which these actors engage have yet to be conceptually mapped or empirically explored in depth. Using a qualitative, exploratory research design, we analyze five expert interviews, more than fifty policy documents, and digital archival materials to identify five provisional mechanisms of influence: strategic positioning, reform brokerage, platform standardization, knowledge translation, and soft power accumulation. Drawing on multiple theoretical perspectives – including transaction cost economics, public choice theory, the resource-based view of the firm, and New Public Governance – we find that tax advisory firms operate not only as service vendors but as embedded reform actors who shape policy content, mediate stakeholder agendas, and contribute to the institutionalization of reform logic across diverse governance contexts. These findings offer early empirical insight into how state authority is co-produced in digital reforms and raise questions about capacity, consultant dependency, and accountability in consultant-led governance arrangements.

Post/Decolonial Approaches: the Representations of the Caribbean in Periodicals Digital Archive (ROCPDA)

This article focuses on the multidisciplinary methodological approaches that undergird the Digitizing Experiences of Migrant Labor in Qatar research project. This project is building a publicly accessible digital archive of oral histories, the first of its kind in the Arabian Peninsula, allowing migrants to narrate their own experiences in their own voices and expanding our understanding of migration in the region. By leveraging digital tools, the project aims to democratise knowledge production and extend access beyond academic audiences to migrant communities themselves, prospective migrants, and their families. The authors of this article, who come from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, discuss the methodological and ethical dimensions of creating and disseminating a digital oral history archive. What does it mean to centre the voices of migrants in a space where they have historically been marginalised? How do we balance the imperative of access with concerns about privacy, security, and potential risks of voice identification? What are the limits of anonymisation in an era where digital traces are increasingly difficult to erase? We argue that the act of listening to migrants in their own voices holds an ethical and political power that is lost in conventional text-based formats.

The temple mural paintings of the Ming Dynasty in China are highly valuable cultural heritage. However, murals in North China have long faced deterioration such as pigment-layer detachment, which seriously threatens their preservation and study, gradually leading to cultural incompleteness and impeding protection decisions. This study proposes a coherent deep-learning technical paradigm, constructs a mural dataset, compares the performance of multiple models, and optimizes the selected model to enable automatic identification of mural detachment. The study applies five segmentation models—UNet, U2-NetP, SegNet, NestedUNet, and SmaAt-UNet—to perform a systematic comparison under the same conditions on 37,685 image slices, and evaluates their performance using four metrics: IoU, Dice, MAE, and mPA. Owing to its lightweight structure and attention-enhanced feature-extraction module, SmaAt-UNet effectively preserves mural edge details and performs best at identifying pigment-layer detachment. After introducing Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the IoU of the SmaAt-UNet model on the dataset increased to 73.25%, the Dice increased to 79.36%, the mPA increased to 97.02%, and the MAE decreased from 0.0592 to 0.0455, corresponding to an absolute reduction of 0.0137, and the model’s generalization ability and edge-recognition accuracy were significantly enhanced. This study constructs a systematic identification framework for pigment layer detachment in Ming Dynasty (1368–1644 AD) temple murals, closely combining deep learning technology with cultural heritage protection. It not only realizes the automatic identification of disease areas but also provides technical support for preventive protection and the construction of digital archives.

In digital archiving and online dissemination, digital artworks often face problems such as low resolution, color distortion, and texture loss, which affect the viewing experience and artistic value exploration. This paper integrates a diffusion probability model with style preservation loss to create a digital art image reconstruction framework. Through a reversible diffusion process, it restores global details and uses an adaptive style encoder to maintain local stroke consistency. Experiments on various art datasets show that the method outperforms traditional algorithms in detail fidelity, subjective aesthetics, and cross-genre generalization, emphasizing both pixel-level accuracy and artistic expression integrity. The study provides a new technical path for digital art preservation and recreation, laying the foundation for deep generation models in cultural heritage protection. Its modular design facilitates adaptation to 3D and video restoration.

Find the Time is a campus history card game designed to engage students, alumni, and university employees. Inspired by a similar game developed at McGill University Libraries, Find the Time challenges players to arrange cards in the correct chronological order. It can be played as a traditional sit-down card game or (using oversize cards) as a walk-up activity at events such as homecoming festivals. The cards feature images from [University] Libraries Special Collections, including the digital archives of the campus newspaper and yearbook. Find the Time is intended to promote these collections and spark conversations among players about their own experiences and how the campus has changed over time. This article describes the development and implementation of the game and provides practical advice to help other institutions create similar games to celebrate their own history and collections.