Different Levels Of Management Research Articles

The role of digitalization of transfer pricing in the company’s management accounting system

The aim of the article was to study the theoretical and methodological aspects of the use of digital technologies in transfer pricing for the collection of the information background for management accounting. The study involved methods, such as the calculation of financial indicators, methods of finding separate data and their synthesis, system analysis, grouping, and ranking. These methods allowed for the calculation of the coefficient of innovation and technical business development in 27 countries of the European Union. The data obtained allowed us to determine the effectiveness of digitalization of transfer pricing by different methods, depending on the stage of the product life cycle, and to show the impact on the company’s financial performance. Return on Equity and Return on Assets are directly affected by transfer pricing in companies of selected sectors of the economy. In conclusion, 74% of the respondents noted positive changes in the financial result after the introduction of digital technologies in transfer pricing when making management decisions. The study will be useful for managers of different levels to convince them of the need for the digitalization of business processes. A promising area of further research is determining the impact of transfer prices on the overall state of tax payments of businesses.

MODERN REQUIREMENTS FOR MANAGERIAL COMPETENCIES: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICE-ORIENTED APPROACHES

The article raises the problem of multiple approaches to determining the requirements for the competencies of a modern leader, since managerial personnel and their activities are the subject of study of management, social psychology, labor economics, and sociology. The topic of building models of specialists in relation to the requirements of the workplace is touched upon, therefore it is proposed for management personnel to systematize general approaches to determining the requirements for special skills and personal qualities in accordance with the professional standard. In the course of the study, special classes of competencies were identified, which can be both highly specialized and general for different types of organizations. An analysis of the literature on management made it possible to actualize the need to single out “supra-professional” competencies or “meta-skills”, which are essentially similar to universal competencies, and to use this approach in the formation of models for training managers. Based on the results of the study, a list of metaskills that are necessary for building a managerial career, are in the top requirements of the labor market, and require priority development for managerial personnel has been compiled. The use of this list in the creation of reference competency models for managers of different levels of management will optimize the process of developing skills, knowledge and skills and select effective tools for their formation.

APPLICATION OF THE LATEST INFORMATION AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF LAND RESOURCES OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Introduction. Land resources as an object of management are traditionally considered in connection with land relations that determine the content of systems of interactions of economic agents that arise in the process of ownership, management and use of land – an important factor of production and the spatial basis of human life. The structural and functional complexity of the management system is due to its multi-level nature, a wide range of general and specific management functions that are implemented, the heterogeneity of subjects of land relations, and the diversity of their economic interests. Methods. General scientific and special methods were used in the work in order to achieve the goal: the dialectical method of scientific knowledge – to consider the essence of the latest information and digital technologies in the management of land resources; synthesis – to clarify the interrelationships between subjects of land relations in the conditions of digitalization; graphic – for visual display of the obtained results; abstract and logical method – for forming research conclusions and proposals. Results. The meaning and role of land resources is revealed, various approaches to determining their economic essence in the conditions of the use of information and digital technologies in land resource management are considered. The main directions of digitalization of land resource management of agricultural enterprises are highlighted. Discussion. The obtained results of the research can be used for the implementation of the latest information and digital technologies in the practice of land resource management. This will enable agricultural commodity producers to analyse large volumes of data, control the state of land resources and the rationality of their use at different levels of management, which will contribute to the transparency of the functioning of the agricultural land market. In the future, the use of digital land management systems will make it possible to: create an informational computer system for assessing the quality and location of agricultural land plots based on their inventory, assessment of productive and territorial features; to complete the formation of the introduction of free circulation of agricultural land and the improvement of land legal relations, which will contribute to attracting additional credit resources to agribusiness against the pledge of land and improving the efficiency of the industry. Keywords: digitization, information technologies, land resources, land market, precision agriculture, geoinformation system.

FORECASTING INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES OF RAIL TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES USING TREND MODELS

The object of the study is the investment activity of railway transport enterprises. The purpose of the work is to forecast the investment activity of railway transport enterprises by using economic-mathematical methods and models, namely trend models. The information base of the study is the data of the State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Finance. It has been proven that the transport industry is one of the important branches of the national economy, which provides a logistic connection from the transportation of passengers to the transportation of goods. On the basis of economic-mathematical models (one-dimensional trend forecasting methods), a conceptual scheme for building forecast values of investment activities of railway transport enterprises has been suggested, with the help of which it is possible not only to forecast capital investments but also to propose measures for their increase. The results of investment forecasting by funding sources are given (at the expense of state budget funds, local budget funds, own funds of enterprises and organizations, bank loans and other loans, funds of foreign investors, funds of domestic investment companies, funds, etc., public funds for housing construction, other funding sources). Investments are distinguished by types of economic activity: "Transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities". The received forecast values of investment activity have been interpreted. Measures to increase the investment activity of railway transport enterprises are proposed. The results of the study can form the basis of the formation of the state strategy for the regional development of the country and, separately, in the development of plans and recommendations for the development of railway transport enterprises at different levels of management.

Update of the operational production system and organizational structure as the basis of the innovative development of the construction enterprise

The article presents a formalized economic-mathematical model that makes it possible to estimate the effect of the joint introduction of information modeling in construction and an integrated project management system to solve the tasks of extracting from the overall effect of the enterprises' activity the share that arises as a result of the introduction of innovations.
 It was determined that the analysis of empirical data is a mandatory condition for the formation of proposals for improving the activities of economic entities, in general, and the development of direct measures within the limits of individual functional types of activity, in particular. In order to obtain up-to-date and verified information about the activities of the studied enterprises, the work pays attention to the analysis of trends in the development of domestic construction. An analysis of the destabilizing effect of factors on the economic security of these enterprises is presented using the approaches and indicators of the rating assessment of Doing Business business conditions. This approach allows detailing the general state of the business environment at the macro level and explaining the deep processes of the response of the enterprise management system to the challenges of modernity, which form a certain security environment at different levels of management of complex socio-economic systems.
 A model of flexible management of the enterprise has been developed to ensure its economic security, which is built on the basis of two-component neural network diagnostics, taking into account the needs of the main stakeholders and determining the internal and external factors influencing the enterprise's activities. The model allows management to determine the most relevant list of management decisions and take into account external and internal threats, which ensures an increase in the level of economic security of the enterprise due to sufficient flexibility of the management system and timely response to current threats.

ВПЛИВ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ НА ЗАЙНЯТІСТЬ У БІЗНЕСІ

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of artificial intelligence on employment in businesses. Recent advances in natural language processing and recognition, machine learning platforms and AI-optimized hardware, as well as free access to these technologies, have created an urgent need to implement them in business to ensure high results in financial and economic activities. The study presents the prerequisites that formed the basis for the formation and development of a new era of AI automation. The scientific achievements and conclusions of international companies regarding the role of artificial intelligence in the global economy are analyzed, and the trends in its use by organizations at different levels of management are revealed. The authors characterize the methods of automation of various types of work at an enterprise with the use of the technologies under study and the impact of the process on employment and wages. It is found that today the greatest impact is the recovery effect, based on which conclusions are drawn about the need for synergy of human and machine labor, rather than their separate functioning. The reasons for the attractiveness of AI automation for business are identified, and examples of their effective implementation are given. There are revealed advantages of the increasing use of technology in business: cost savings, increased revenue, increased productivity and competitiveness of companies, creativity and personalization, limiting the influence of the human factor on work results. The article highlights the threats of large-scale introduction of AI into business activities for employees, which include excessive control over them by employers, violation of the principles of information confidentiality, complexity and imperfection of the system, constant updating of requirements for advanced training, and the necessity to train employees to interact with intelligence. These threats can lead to employee dismissals, loss of motivation, and aggravation of social inequality and social justice issues, which will generally create a negative attitude toward the company. Based on the analysis of data sets on professions with a high risk of AI automation in various industries and the projected change in demand for them, the authors reveal a correlation between the level of threat and the complexity of tasks, the creativity involved, and the speed in decisionmaking and implementation. Finally, it is concluded that new approaches to regulating the impact of technology on the structure of employment should be applied due to its dynamic growth.

CLASSIFICATION OF EXPENDITURES ON INNOVATION ACTIVITIES OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Modern trends in economic development, such as globalisation of markets, intensification of competition, changes in consumer demand, shortening of life cycles of goods and technologies, increasing requirements for their quality, and rising costs of used resources, require leaders and managers to find effective methods of managing the company's activities. Ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises in such conditions is impossible without the introduction of the latest management concepts, which requires changes and development of functional management, one of which is the management of costs based on the definition of new criteria for their classification. Classification of costs for management purposes should meet the main requirement – it should be based on characteristics that allow differentiation of costs for their management in various aspects. It creates conditions for determining the level of costs according to the scope of their management, organisation of planning, accounting, control and analysis. The purpose of the article is to consider the accounting, analytical and management tasks of cost classification in industrial enterprises and its improvement. Methodology. The methodological basis of the thesis is a set of methods and principles of scientific knowledge, general and special methods and techniques used in research. The theoretical basis of the study is the scientific work of domestic and foreign scientists on issues of cost management, organisation of information systems, management accounting of costs, methods of cost management. The legal basis of the study consisted of the current legislative and regulatory documents regulating the formation of costs of enterprises in Ukraine. The information base included official statistical data, reporting and accounting information of enterprises, Internet resources and publications, as well as the results of own research. In order to achieve the set goal, the methods of system approach (to study and characterise the theoretical basis of cost classification) and structural-logical analysis (to determine the criteria for classification of costs of an industrial enterprise) were used when writing the article. Practical implications. The obtained results and the developed recommendations constitute a methodological basis for the improvement of the management of costs for the innovative activity of industrial enterprises based on the definition of new criteria for their classification. The most practical results are: the study of the similarities and differences in the approaches to cost classification of industrial enterprises, the definition of the objectives of cost classification, the consideration of cost classification by cost items, the need to distinguish additional features of cost classification. Value/originality. The classification of costs for the innovative activity of an industrial enterprise has been improved and extended with additional criterion features (possibility of management, accounting and reporting, the principle of accepted obligations, the place of formation, according to the stability factor), due to the need to determine the relationship between the size of the enterprise 's costs and the possibilities of exercising managerial influence on them by managers of different levels, which makes it possible to optimise the composition and structure of costs, which are reflected in various methods of cost management and are the basis for their choice of coordination.

Digital transformation as an object of management: Exploring the conceptual apparatus and strategic foundations

Aim. To define the essence of digital transformation as an object of management, as well as to formulate the conceptual provisions and strategic framework for the management of in­novative digital projects in the management system of the organization. Tasks. To investigate the essence of digital transformation, presenting it as an area of mutual intersection of strategic, innovation and project management; to analyze the conceptual appa­ratus used in relation to the most important categories of these management systems; to conduct a comparative analysis of the main essential characteristics of the management systems consid­ered; to determine the essence of innovation digital project management and its place in the ge­neral system of organization management; to identify the strategic foundations of innovation project management; to determine the strategic basis for the management of digital innovation projects; to determine the strategic basis for the management of digital innovation projects; to determine the strategic basis for the management of digital innovation projects. Methods. The study used methods of logical and comparative analysis, analytical processing of information, as well as graphic representation of information. The basis of the study were standardized approaches to the formation of management systems, described in the relevant national and international standards. Results. The essence of digital transformation, which is presented as an area of mutual inter­section of strategic, innovation and project management, which allowed to consider projects in the field of digitalization as part of the innovation projects implemented by the organization. The conceptual apparatus used in relation to the most significant categories of the listed man­agement systems was studied, and on this basis the author's vision of the process of digital transformation was presented. Based on the results of a comparative analysis of the main es­sential characteristics of strategic, innovation and project management, the structure of the in­novation management system of the organization, the target function of which is to create innovation value, is shown. The essence of management of innovative digital projects, its place in the overall system of organizational management, which is due to the interaction between elements of the external and internal digital environment on the basis of a close relationship between different levels of management. The strategic basis for the management of innovative digital projects, based on a conceptual vision of the relationship and interdependence of its components. Conclusions. Based on the study of digital transformation as an object of management, on the re­sults of the analysis of the conceptual apparatus, which is used in strategic, innovation and pro­ject management, taking into account the specifics of digital transformation is a conceptual vision of the strategic framework that determines the place of digital transformation manage­ment in the overall organizational management system.

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVE POTENTIAL OF ENTERPRISES AND TERRITORIES

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVE POTENTIAL OF ENTERPRISES AND TERRITORIES

Exhibiting emotional flexibility to alleviate employee hateful emotions and elevate their justice perceptions

PurposeUsing the broaden-and-build theory, this study aims to examine whether (1) employees have hateful emotional responses and think the overall performance review is fair at different levels of managers’ emotional flexibility; and (2) the difference in employees’ hateful emotional responses mediates the relationship between managers’ emotional flexibility and employees’ perceptions of performance review fairness across flexibility conditions.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 110 Pakistani undergraduates participated in the seven waves of online scenario-based experimental research. For a one-way repeated-measures analysis, the general linear model was used, and for a two-condition within-subject mediational path analysis, the mediation and moderation analysis for repeated measures (MEMORE) was used.FindingsEmployees experience a high level of performance review justice and a low level of hateful emotional responses when managers are more emotionally flexible during the meeting, and vice versa. A manager’s emotional flexibility may also prevent employees from responding hatefully during performance reviews, which in turn makes them perceive the overall performance review as just.Originality/valueThe study expands on the thought–action repertoire and personal resources, supporting the broaden-and-build theory. The research applies this notion to performance reviews, which are an emotional experience for managers and employees. The study timely addresses organizations’ need for performance management system overhauls by suggesting managers to use emotional flexibility until an alternate performance review system is available.

Impact of Industry 4.0 on the future of accounting

At present, accounting is no longer in line with the changing business environment in the context of digitalization. Traditional accounting is used for effective and purposeful decision-making at different levels of management. Today, global digitalization, which absorbs all organizations, speeds up and simplifies the generation of accounting information. Thus, an attempt to connect these two areas of research — accounting and digitalization — can lead to results that make it easier to do business in the current chaotic environment. This article is aimed at studying the possible impact of global digitalization on accounting.

DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE IN DIGITAL GOODS IN THE CONTEXT OF RECOVERY ECONOMY OF UKRAINE AND ACHIEVEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

The role and necessity of the development of digital trade is increasing in the condition of extremely difficult conditions of conducting military operations, the destruction of infrastructure. The purpose of the conducted research was to formulate the main measures to intensify the development of trade in digital goods, which should be implemented at different levels of management to restore the economy of Ukraine on the basis of sustainable development. The article systematizes and summarizes the developments of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the theoretical and methodological foundations of intellectual property, trade in digital goods, features of their accounting and taxation, organization, and marketing. The necessity of determining the priority directions of digital trade development, taking into account the modern needs of economic recovery, is substantiated. Attention is focused on the differences between the concepts of digital goods and products, although in scientific publications and practical recommendations they are often equated. The level of digital development in Ukraine compared to other countries of the world is shown. The directions for revitalizing the trade in digital goods through the improvement of digital distribution and ensuring the right of ownership are outlined. The main forms and properties, the differences between trade in digital goods and traditional trade, which must be taken into account in the formation of trade policy, are revealed. Barriers inhibiting the development of trade in digital services in Ukraine have been identified. The main measures to intensify the development of trade in digital goods at the national level of management and at the level of business entities are proposed to restore the economy of Ukraine and achieve the goals of sustainable development. Their implementation will contribute to the acceleration of integration into the Single Digital Space of the EU, the expansion of access to online markets, the formation of a digital environment in Ukraine in accordance with European requirements and standards.

An Explorative Factor Analysis of Competency Mapping for IT Professionals

Purpose: The current research aimed to evaluate IT personnel proficiency levels at various management levels. This study aimed to learn how competency mapping is used to analyse the blend of skills among various people to create the most cohesive team and deliver higher-quality work. Design/methodology/approach: A total of 548 IT workers participated in the research, which looked at how competence mapping influences various HR processes, including talent acquisition, induction, training and development, assessment, etc. This research used reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, linear regression, and the t-test to reach its results. Findings: This research made use of reliability statistics, regression analysis, correlation analysis, ANOVA analysis, the t-test, and descriptive statistics to reach its results. The research discovered that medium-level managers’ talents were greater than anticipated when comparing lower and higher levels of management. Additionally, there were significant differences among employees at different levels of management. Communication and training may help reduce competence gaps. Practical implications: In comparing other levels of management, this article may help HR practitioners identify which abilities are more relevant to a certain management level. It can provide more insight into using a competence mapping approach to improve performance. Originality/value: The outputs of the competency mapping approach are essential because they can help individuals and businesses gain a better comprehension of the knowledge, abilities, and skills required to accomplish a job.

Adhocratic mechanisms of formation of innovative and creative directions for business entities development in conditions of transparency of economics

The article defines that at the present stage of innovative and creative directions of industrial development there are strict requirements for waste management processes in order to reduce energy and resource consumption, increase their efficiency and ensure environmental safety at the level of world standards in conditions of transparency of economics. Modern scientific and technological progress has brought innovations to humanity, which have provided material resources for the accelerated development of society, as well as raised the question concerning the crisis of the use of limited resources and the emergence of environmental crises. The current status quo requires the production of adhocratic mechanisms for the formation of innovative and creative directions of development of economic entities in the conditions of transparency of economics to overcome this crisis in order to create a model of sustainable development. In this article the world practice of waste management and the current status quo of development of the system of waste formation and management in Ukraine for 2010-2020 have been analyzed. Using calculations of Chuprov, Cramer and Pearson coefficients, it has been determined that the correlation between the amount of waste formed and the amount of waste disposed in 2010-2020 in Ukraine is weak, which confirms the problem of waste management that needs to be addressed at different levels of management in conditions of transparency of economics. According to the results of the research, it has been suggested to develop and implement adhocratic mechanisms for the formation of innovative and creative directions of development of economic entities in conditions of transparency of economics.

THE FUNDAMENTALS OF FORMING THE MECHANISM FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STRATEGY FOR ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY AT THE ENTERPRISE

The strategy implementation of ensuring the economic security at the enterprise requires the formation of an appropriate organizational and economic mechanism that will allow to achieve the set goals clearly and consistently, considering the current conditions of the enterprise's functioning. To form a mechanism for the strategy implementation for ensuring the economic security at enterprises, it is necessary to determine the main prerequisites of such a process. Therefore, it is expedient to specify the requirements for such a mechanism, the conditions for its implementation, determine the responsible persons and detail its instrumental support. This allows to understand the result clearly that should be achieved, accordingly, and the process itself will be more structured and targeted. The study considers the peculiarities of the mechanism formation for the implementation of the strategy for ensuring the economic security at the enterprise, considering the environment of the domestic enterprises. The essence of the investigated mechanism and the informational nature of its functioning have been determined. The main prerequisites for the formation of the mechanism for the implementation of the strategy for ensuring the economic security at the enterprise, which includes eight components, have been specified. The requirements for such a mechanism are determined for the purpose of its coordinated operation. The matrix of managerial influence on the processes of strategic management of the economic security of the enterprise has been developed with the specification of the main subjects of management as well as the tasks that are implemented within the framework of such management. Considering the specifics of enterprise management in accordance with the strategic tasks of ensuring economic security, allows the formation of operational connections between different levels of management and ensures the minimization of intra-organizational resistance when implementing management decisions within the scope of the relevant management mechanisms. Furthermore, each management decision is based on information flows that are formed in the relevant information field, analyzed, and aggregated and used by various management subjects in the development and implementation of management decisions. The mechanism of the strategy implementation for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise has an informational nature and provides the clear identification of performers at each stage of its interaction with the general management system, which requires further thorough research within the functional components of the management system. Keywords: strategy, mechanism, economic security of the enterprise, management subjects.

СТРУКТУРНО-КОМПАРАТИВНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ЕНЕРГОСПОЖИВАННЯ КОМУНАЛЬНОГО СЕКТОРА В УКРАЇНІ

The article presents the main trends in the development of the utility sector in Ukraine. With the help of structural and comparative analysis, the activity and processes of energy consumption of the utility sector enterprises of Ukraine have been evaluated. It has been stressed that utility companies are natural monopolists and perform socially important functions, such as supply of gas, water, electricity, and provision of transport services. For a 9-year period (from 2012 to 2021), the dynamics of the creation of communal enterprises and condominiums has been assessed and their share in the total number of legal entities of Ukraine has been determined. It is noted that the general trend for the domestic utility sector is a constant increase in the number of condominiums. Such intensification of the functioning of utility sector enterprises is associated with more rational use of resources in the conditions of sustainable development and Industry 4.0, as well as with the creation of a competitive environment in the provision of services for the maintenance of buildings and their territories. A matrix of activation and actualization of the functioning of utility sector enterprises is proposed, which allows monitoring factors that significantly affect their activity at different levels of management. The cost of purchasing energy resources and its impact on the volume of the utility services offered for buildings and their territories has been estimated. An exponential dependence testifies to the effectiveness of using methods to reduce the cost of purchasing non-renewable energy sources and considering the possibility of attracting alternative, green energy sources. The possibility to attract alternative, green energy sources, has been considered in the article. Analytical dependencies have been obtained that allow forecasting the dynamics of changes in the share of utility services offered to houses, utility enterprises and their territories in the total volume of the communal sector of Ukraine, depending on the volume of energy consumption, their sources and cost

Systematic review of avian hatching failure and implications for conservation.

Avian hatching failure is a widespread phenomenon, affecting around 10% of all eggs that are laid and not lost to predation, damage, or desertion. Our understanding of hatching failure is limited in terms of both its underpinning mechanisms and its occurrence across different populations. It is widely acknowledged that rates of hatching failure are higher in threatened species and in populations maintained in captivity compared to wild, non-threatened species, but these differences have rarely been quantified and any broader patterns remain unexplored. To examine the associations between threat status, management interventions, and hatching failure across populations we conducted a phylogenetically controlled multilevel meta-analysis across 231 studies and 241 species of birds. Our data set included both threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable) and non-threatened (Near Threatened and Least Concern) species across wild and captive populations, as well as 'wild managed' ('free-living') populations. We found the mean overall rate of hatching failure across all populations to be 16.79%, with the hatching failure rate of wild, non-threatened species being 12.40%. We found that populations of threatened species experienced significantly higher mean hatching failure than populations of non-threatened species. Different levels of management were also associated with different rates of hatching failure, with wild populations experiencing the lowest rate of hatching failure, followed by wild managed populations, and populations in captivity experiencing the highest rate. Similarly, populations that were subject to the specific management interventions of artificial incubation, supplementary feeding, and artificial nest provision displayed significantly higher rates of hatching failure than populations without these interventions. The driver of this correlation between hatching failure and management remains unclear, but could be an indirect result of threatened species being more likely to have lower hatching success and also being more likely to be subject to management, indicating that conservation efforts are fittingly being focused towards the species potentially most at risk from extinction. This is the most comprehensive comparative analysis of avian hatching failure that has been conducted to date, and the first to quantify explicitly how threat status and management are associated with the rate of hatching failure in a population. We discuss the implications of our results, focusing on their potential applications to conservation. Although we identified several factors clearly associated with variation in hatching failure, a significant amount of heterogeneity was not explained by our meta-analytical model, indicating that other factors influencing hatching failure were not included here. We discuss what these factors might be and suggest avenues for further research. Finally, we discuss the inconsistency in how hatching failure is defined and reported within the literature, and propose a standardised definition to be used in future studies which will enable better comparison across populations and ensure that the most accurate information is used to support management decisions.

Совершенствование стратегического планирования экспорта продукции АПК в России

Since 2018, Russia has been actively developing agro-food exports as one of the priority areas of foreign economic activity, thereby implementing an export-oriented model of economic development of the agro-industrial complex. At the same time, despite the positive dynamics of the indicators of the implementation of the projects «International cooperation and export», «Export of agricultural products» and the presence of numerous sectoral, sectoral strategies and programs for the development of the agro-industrial complex and its subcomplexes, certain problems of the development of export activities remain, which are intensified under the influence of sanctions pressure, restrictive measures and the transformation of global food markets. The main problem is that despite the presence of a large number of legal documents that reflect the issues of agricultural exports, there is a lack of a targeted vision for its development in the long term. The target indicators of program and strategic documents on the regulation and development of exports of agri-food products in the Russian Federation are not always related to the declared goals, they are predominantly quantitative in nature. In order to resolve the problem, it is proposed to change the types of strategic planning to pre-active with the prospect of developing interactive approaches, review the principles and methodological planning tools, as well as the inclusion of goal setting for various participants in agricultural export planning at different levels of management. To form the concept of pre-active strategic development of exports of agricultural products, methods of comparative analysis, situational and systemic approaches were used. High-quality strategic planning of export activities in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation will allow developing a comprehensive science-based strategy, as well as creating an impulse for the formation of strategies at other levels (regional, municipal), subject to their harmonization. The latter will increase the manageability and efficiency of programs and projects for the development of agricultural exports in the Russian Federation.

ԴՊՐՈՑԻ ԿԱՌԱՎԱՐՄԱՆ ՕՊՏԻՄԱԼ ՄՈԴԵԼԸ ՏԵՂԵԿԱՏՎԱԿԱՆ ԵՎ ՀԱՂՈՐԴԱԿՑԱԿԱՆ ՏԵԽՆՈԼՈԳԻԱՆԵՐԻ ԿԻՐԱՌՄԱՄԲ/THE OPTIMAL SCHOOL MANAGEMENT MODEL USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY/ОПТИМАЛЬНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ШКОЛОЙ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

The model of school management involving introduction and management of ICTs is considered at different levels: organizational and managerial, informational, methodologicl, and scientific research level. At different levels of management, school managers must have a sufficient level of professional, reflexive, managerial, communicative, and technological competencies. It is not possible to achieve high results in the fields of professional activity and management if reflexive and communicative competences of the school principal and staff are not sufficiently formed and developed. At the informational level, the school management model implies creation and constant updating of the relevant software and methodical complexes of various forms of education. From the point of view of implementation and application of ICT, this model includes provision of educational programs, organization of remote seminars, conferences, meetings, development of information support tools for methodical and experimental work. At the organizational and managerial levels, the school management model ensures the implementation of educational activity content and technology, educational process, personnel, and logistics management functions. The functions of this model include usage of information technologies for analysis of the quality of education and the evaluation of the effectiveness of educational work.

Шляхи формування ефективної системи управління персоналом організації в умовах сучасного етапу розвитку менеджменту в Україні

The article analyzes the effectiveness of the personnel management system, the indicators for evaluating the organizational effectiveness of the company's personnel management include: the ratio of costs necessary to provide the company with qualified personnel and the results obtained from their activities; the ratio of the enterprise's budget to the number of personnel; cost assessment of differences in labor productivity. The elements of the organization's personnel management system were studied, a model of personnel formation was built as an optimization business process of personnel management on the basis of holistic management. The development of this model is based on the conceptual principles of talent management. After all, in the conditions of transitive processes of enterprises, which involves their optimization, the application of this function and the use of technologies aimed at revealing the potential opportunities of employees, the formation of the talent base acquires special importance. A classification of personnel management technologies is proposed. The effectiveness of the personnel management system within the enterprise is determined by the level of harmonious cooperation of all its subjects: managers of different levels of management and employees.