Differences In Blood Glucose Levels Research Articles

Evaluation of the Antidiabetic, Islet Protective and Beta-Cell Regenerative Effects of Tinospora crispa (L.)

Tinospora crispa (L.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat various ailments including diabetes. The stem has been widely studied for its antidiabetic properties, however the antidiabetic potential of its leaves has not been explored. This study investigates the antidiabetic properties of methanolic T. crispa stem and leaves extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The stems and leaves were extracted using Soxhlet extraction with methanol as solvent. Crude extracts were administered at 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) (high dose) and 250 mg/kg BW (low dose) via oral route to alloxan induced diabetic rats. T. crispa stem and leaves extracts was found to significantly reduce blood glucose following a twelve-week treatment period. The highest mean difference in blood glucose level was exhibited by animals in the high dose treated stem and low dose leaf extracts. Both extracts showed approximately 75% percentage recovery from hyperglycaemia. The highest regenerative capacity was observed in animals treated with the low dose leaf extract.

Giving Dragon Fruit, Apple, and Papaya Juice on Blood Glucose Levels to Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was a chronic metabolic disorder that occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin or when the body fails to effectively use the insulin that is produces. One of the non-medical therapies that can be given to patients with diabetes mellitus is giving dragon fruit, apples and papayas. This purpose of this study to see how giving dragon fruit, apple and papaya juice affects blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients. This study is a quasi-experimental design with a pretest and posttest with a control group. This study was carried out at the Palembang Social Health Center from March to October 2022.The sample in this study was selected by accidental sampling with a total sample of 30 subjekts in the treatment and control groups. The paired sample t-test was used to analyze the data, and there was a difference in the average difference of blood glucose levels in the treatment group of 68,44 mg/dl (p-value = 0,000) and the control group of 1,2 mg/dl (p-value = 0,770). Analysis of the multiple linear regression multivariate test showed that there is an effect of energy, fat, carbohydrate and fiber intake on blood glucose levels with a p value <0,005. The conclution that there is an effect of giving dragon fruit, apple and papaya juice on blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus type 2 patients the differences in average blood glucose levels of the treatment group were greater than those of the control group.

Effects of Personalized Nursing plus Dietary Nursing Management on LP-PLA2, Hcy Levels, and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.

Objective To explore the effect of individual nursing combined with dietary management on blood glucose levels and quality of life in elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome with diabetes. Method This study included 68 elderly patients who underwent acute coronary syndrome at Department of Emergency in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020. And they were assigned to a control group (n = 34) treated with individual nursing and a research group (n = 34) treated with individual nursing and dietary management according to the random number table. A comparison of the changes in blood glucose levels, anxiety and depression, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction was made between groups before and after nursing. Result Before nursing, the differences in blood glucose levels, SAS scores, and SDS scores between groups were not considered statistically significant (P > 0.05). After nursing, the blood glucose levels, SAS, and SDS levels of patients in both groups significantly decreased, and the research group presented a higher decrease when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The short form health survey (SF-36) showed that the research group had higher scores in physical function (PF), general health (GH), vitality (VT), mental health (MH), social function (SF), role-physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), and role-emotional (RE) compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The satisfaction survey presented that the research group had a significantly higher total score than the control group [(91.40 ± 5.23) vs. (86.61 ± 7.14), P < 0.05]. Conclusion The combination of individual nursing and dietary management not only effectively reduces glycosylated hemoglobin levels and anxiety and depression but also wins better nursing satisfaction in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome in elderly patients. Moreover, their quality of life has been significantly improved after discharge.

Effect of Local Anaesthesia with and without Adrenaline on Blood Glucose Concentration in Patients Undergoing Tooth Extractions - A Comparative Study.

Local anaesthesia (LA) is the usual drug used in dentistry to reduce intraoperative pain. The efficacy of lignocaine is improved by adding adrenaline as a vasoconstrictor. Adrenaline decreases the systemic absorption of LA and reduces blood loss during the surgical procedure. The study was conducted to observe the effect of adrenaline on blood glucose concentration in patients undergoing tooth extraction. The study was conducted on 100 patients needing multiple teeth extraction. On the first appointment, extraction was done using lignocaine without adrenaline (plain), and for the second appointment, extraction was done using lignocaine with adrenaline (1:200,000). Serial blood glucose estimations were carried out at identical intervals on both occasions. Significant difference in blood glucose level was noted when the patients received lignocaine with adrenaline before administration and after 10 min/20 min intervals (P < 0.05). Constant vigilance and prudence are recommended while using lignocaine with adrenaline in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus.

Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit (Mus Musculus) yang Diinduksi Hiperglikemia oleh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L.)

Hyperglycemia is one of the diabetes mellitus characteristics. Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.) has been used traditionally to reduce blood glucose level and clinically need to be proven. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of ethanol extract of soursop leaves (EDS) on blood glucose levels of hyperglycemia mice (Mus musculus). This was an experimental study with a pre-post test control group design. Thirty mice was used as animal models and was hyperglycemia induced by alloxan 150mg/kg b.w, respectively. Treatment EDS has been given for 14 days with the variation of doses; 200 mg/Kg b.w, 300 mg/Kg b.w, and 400 mg/Kg bw. Fasting blood glucose level was measured before and after EDS treatment by glucocheck. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan for further tests to evaluate the effect of EDS while the difference in blood glucose levels in pre-post treament was analyzed by paired t-test. The result showed that EDS significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p &lt; 0.05). EDS with 400 mg/Kg bw dose showed the strongest effect in reducing glucose levels, followed by 300 mg/Kg b.w and 200 mg/Kg b.w doses. In conclusion, EDS has the potential to develop as an agent to reduce blood glucose in diabetes mellitus.

DAUN SIRSAK MENURUNKAN KADAR GULA DARAH PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease whose prevalence increases every year. Hyperglycemia is the cause of many complications. Various strategies continue to be pursued so that the level of morbidity and mortality is reduced. One of the efforts is using natural ingredients found in Indonesia to reduce hyperglycemia. The Soursop leaves (Annona muricata L) are one of the plants that are widely found in the Pesisir Selatan. It contains from flavonoids like tannins. Tannin contains antidiabetic. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of soursop leaves on reducing bloodglucose levels on diabetic patients. This study is a quasy experiment that uses DM patients in the working area of the Koto Baru Pesisir Selatan Public Health Center as a population. This research was conducted in June 2020. The sampling technique used was a simple random technique with a total sample of 16 people. The sample was divided into 2 groups, intervention and control. The intervention group consumed soursop leaf twice in day for 7 days. Blood glucose levels are taken before and after treatment. The data obtained were analyzed using independent t-test. The average results of blood sugar levels before giving soursop leaves were 322.62 mg / dL, after giving soursop leaves was 182.88 mg / dL. Blood sugar level in the control group before researching 308.63 mg / dL, after researching 297.62 mg / dL. The results of the study was value of p = 0.001. This means that there is a significant difference in blood glucose levels between the control group and the intervention group. Soursop leaves contain flavonoid compounds that are hypoglycemic so that they can help lower blood sugar levels. Health workers can educate DM patients to use soursop leaves as a supplement to DM medication so that DM patients' blood sugar levels can be controlled.

EFEKTIFITAS AIR REBUSAN LIDAH BUAYA TERHADAP PENURUNAN GLUKOSA DARAH PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which is still a major problem in the world of health in Indonesia, which occurs due to abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. A report from the World Health Organization (WHO) states that diabetes mellitus is ranked 6th as the cause of death. About 1.3 million people die from diabetes and 4% die before the age of 70. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Aloe Vera Decoction on the Blood Glucose Levels of the Elderly in Type II DM Patients in the Work Area of the UPT Puskesmas Harapan Raya Pekanbaru in 2020. This type of research is quantitative with a Quasi Experimental design that is one group posttest. The population in this study were 83 people with diabetes mellitus in the Harapan Raya Pekanbaru Health Center. sample by simple random sampling until the number of samples to be given intervention is 30 people. Data analysis using nonparametic test with Wilcoxon test obtained a value of Pvalue 0.000 &lt;0.05, meaning that the hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, it is concluded that there are differences in blood glucose levels before and after being given Aloe Vera.

Buerger Allen Combination Therapy Exercises and Soak Feet Warm Water Lowers Blood Sugar Levels in Elderly with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus was needed to overcome the problem of increasing blood glucose levels in the elderly with diabetes mellitus. In addition to pharmacology, there was non-pharmacology as a complementary therapy in reducing blood glucose levels. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of combined Buerger Allen exercise therapy and feet immersion with warm water for blood glucose levels in the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The intervention was held 12 times in a period of 15 days with a training schedule three times per week and every day twice at 08.00 WIB and 16.00 WIB with a duration of 16 minutes per meeting. The results of paired T-test were obtained with a p-value is 0,000, indicated there were significant differences in blood glucose levels between before and after therapy. The elderly should go on a Diabetes Mellitus diet, adequate rest, and exercise with combination therapy of burger Allen &amp; soaking the feet in warm water.

Combined proteomic and gene expression analysis to investigate reduced performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) caused by environmentally relevant microplastic exposure

The pollution of the environment with microplastics (MPs) is affecting aquatic organisms worldwide, and yet intensive research, has thus far failed to deliver an adequate understanding of the detrimental effects of MP ingestion by fish. Investigations using established health and performance parameters are often insufficient to determine MP toxicity, especially when considering MPs in environmentally relevant concentrations. In the present study, label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomics of liver tissue was combined with gene expression analysis in order to investigate the long-term effects of MP exposure on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). With the help of a specially designed diet, two groups of fish were exposed for 120 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of MPs (on average 13 particles per fish, every 2 days) and to slightly increased levels representing those expected in the near future (on average 73 MP particles per fish, every 2 days). Both groups were compared to a control. The results provide evidence that long-term exposure to MPs has a dose-dependent negative effect on the performance of rainbow trout. No differences in blood glucose level, hematocrit level or lipid peroxidation were observed between treatments. The proteomic analysis revealed 6071 unique proteins, but no significant change in hepatic protein concentrations compared to their matching controls, although certain proteins appear to have been up- or down-regulated multifold and should be considered in continuing experiments. When comparing highly regulated proteins with the levels of their respective mRNA transcripts, a good correlation was observed just for “differentially regulated trout protein 1”, encoded by drtp1. This may therefore be a suitable biomarker for future studies with trout. Several hypotheses were put forward to explain the observed differences in growth: nutrient dilution, caused by increased amounts of non-digestible material in the diet, and growth effects due to differences in diet quality could be excluded. Physical interference of MPs with the gastrointestinal tract are also unlikely, as fish are regularly exposed to particulate matter in natural environments and previous studies did not find evidence of such interferences. Instead, indirect detrimental effects of MPs, either due to their hydrophobic surface properties or the presence of certain additives, could cause allergic reactions, microbiota dysbiosis or general stress responses. Although no clear cause for the reduced growth was identified, the current study demonstrates the potential utility of omics approaches when dealing with such a complex question. Future studies should extend analyses to the gastrointestinal tract and associated tissues. It should be ensured that the MP exposure is realistic and that the duration of the experiments covers several months. Direct evidence of a significant negative influence of long-term exposure to realistic and near-future MP concentrations on fish highlight the importance of measures to prevent a further increase of MPs in the environment.

72-LB: Blood Glucose Levels in High-Risk Type 2 Diabetes Users of a Digital Therapeutic Platform by Race/Ethnicity

Introduction: Significant racial and ethnic disparities in care have been observed in type 2 diabetes, including impairments in diagnosis, access to care and outcomes. Complex social and cultural factors drive these disparities, some of which might be mitigated through digital approaches. Digital therapeutic platforms assist users in achieving and maintaining target blood glucose levels. This study examines by race/ethnicity the differences in blood glucose levels among users of a digital health platform over a year based on real-world data. Method: A retrospective data study was performed on the Dario™ database. A group of Dario digital therapeutic users with type 2 diabetes started with average blood glucose above 180 mg/dL (“high-risk users”) and reported in the app ethnicity as one of the following: White, Latino, Black or Asian. This population was active during 2019-2021 and took &amp;gt;3 blood glucose measurements in the first and 12th months. A Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the difference in average blood glucose level over a year. Results: A group of 1000 users was analyzed, 736 (74%) White; 122 (12%) Latino; 103 (10%) Black, and 39 (4%) Asian. The average glucose level significantly reduced in all users and per ethnic group over a year: All users by 14% (230±58 vs. 197±47) (p&amp;lt;0.001) ; respondents identifying as White reduced by 14% (229±58 vs. 197±47) ; Latino by 15% 237±59 vs. 202±48) (p&amp;lt;0.001) ; Black by 15% (230±63 vs. 196±48) (p&amp;lt;0.001) and Asian by 15% (229±55 vs.195±43) (p&amp;lt;0.001) . Finally, no significant differences in average blood glucose reductions between the races/ethnicities in the first month and in 12th month were observed (p=0.384) . Conclusion: Digital therapeutic platforms may promote behavior modification in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes to create sustainable outcomes. While treatment, as usual, is generally associated with disparate outcomes by race/ethnicity, the present study suggests that digital therapeutics may improve compliance and diabetes management and therefore address some of the disparities seen in diabetes care. Disclosure Y. Hershcovitz: None. T. Gershoni: None. O. Manejwala: Employee; DarioHealth Corp., Stock/Shareholder; DarioHealth Corp.

213-OR: Antidiabetic Potential of Novel, Long-Acting Amylin Analogue ZP8396 in ZDF Rats

Amylin improves glucose homeostasis through at least three distinct mechanisms of action, including prevention of the postprandial rise in plasma glucagon, slowing of gastric emptying, and increased satiety, leading to decreased caloric intake and potential weight loss. Clinical efficacy has been demonstrated with short-acting amylin analogue pramlintide. ZP8396, currently in phase 1 clinical testing, is a long-acting, amylin analogue designed to improve solubility, stability and allow for co-formulation with other relevant peptides. We previously reported that ZP8396 provides body weight reduction in DIO rats alone and in combination with semaglutide, a once-weekly GLP-1 agonist (Skarbaliene et al, Obesity Week 2021) . Here we investigated the antidiabetes potential of ZP8396 in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats. The antidiabetes potential after a single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of ZP8396 (nmol/kg) or vehicle was measured in ZDF rats (aged 12-13 weeks, n=10) , an animal model of type 2 diabetes, and continuously monitored for 168 h after dosing.ZP8396 induced a significant body weight loss in ZDF rats vs. vehicle group. A significant decrease in body weight was observed in rats treated with ZP8396 from initiation of the dosing and up to 96 h post-dose. In addition, single s.c. injection of ZP8396 showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels at 24 h post-dose, reaching a 20 % difference in blood glucose levels vs. vehicle group (14,97±0,39 and 18,60±1,18 mmol/L, respectively; p &amp;lt;0.05) . Also, ZP8396 significantly reduced plasma glucagon levels, reaching a 55% difference in ZP8396-treated diabetic rats vs. vehicle group at 24 h post-dose (p &amp;lt;0.05) . In conclusion, in diabetic rat ZP8396 improved glycaemic status, supporting that long-acting amylin analogues may provide future valuable therapeutic options to manage diabetes. Further preclinical characterization of the antidiabetes effects of long-term treatment with ZP8396 is ongoing. Disclosure J.Skarbaliene: Employee; Zealand Pharma A/S, Stock/Shareholder; Zealand Pharma A/S. T.Baader-pagler: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. P.Eriksson: Employee; Zealand Pharma A/S.

The Chemerin-CMKLR1 Axis is Functionally important for Central Regulation of Energy Homeostasis.

Chemerin is an adipokine involved in inflammation, adipogenesis, angiogenesis and energy metabolism, and has been hypothesized as a link between obesity and type II diabetes. In humans affected by obesity, chemerin gene expression in peripheral tissues and circulating levels are elevated. In mice, plasma levels of chemerin are upregulated by high-fat feeding and gain and loss of function studies show an association of chemerin with body weight, food intake and glucose homeostasis. Therefore, chemerin is an important blood-borne mediator that, amongst its other functions, controls appetite and body weight. Almost all studies of chemerin to date have focused on its release from adipose tissue and its effects on peripheral tissues with the central effects largely overlooked. To demonstrate a central role of chemerin, we manipulated chemerin signaling in the hypothalamus, a brain region associated with appetite regulation, using pharmacological and genetic manipulation approaches. Firstly, the selective chemerin receptor CMKLR1 antagonist α-NETA was administered i.c.v. to rats to test for an acute physiological effect. Secondly, we designed a short-hairpin-RNA (shRNA) lentivirus construct targeting expression of CMKLR1. This shRNA construct, or a control construct was injected bilaterally into the arcuate nucleus of male Sprague Dawley rats on high-fat diet (45%). After surgery, rats were maintained on high-fat diet for 2 weeks and then switched to chow diet for a further 2 weeks. We found a significant weight loss acutely and inhibition of weight gain chronically. This difference became apparent after diet switch in arcuate nucleus-CMKLR1 knockdown rats. This was not accompanied by a difference in blood glucose levels. Interestingly, appetite-regulating neuropeptides remained unaltered, however, we found a significant reduction of the inflammatory marker TNF-α suggesting reduced expression of CMKLR1 protects from high-fat diet induced neuroinflammation. In white and brown adipose tissue, mRNA expression of chemerin, its receptors and markers of adipogenesis, lipogenesis and brown adipocyte activation remained unchanged confirming that the effects are driven by the brain. Our behavioral analyses suggest that knockdown of CMKLR1 had an impact on object recognition. Our data demonstrate that CMKLR1 is functionally important for the central effects of chemerin on body weight regulation and neuroinflammation.

BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS AND LIPID PROFILES OF T2DM AMONG HYPERTENSION PATIENTS IN BAMBANGLIPURO HEALTH CENTRE

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease with multiple complications contributing to the global healthcare burden. Untreated T2DM causes multiple organs and systemic injury, including heart, kidney, nerve, and blood vessels, which impairs quality of life and increases mortality rates caused by complications of diabetes. Some of these complications play a clear role in increasing diabetes mortality. The objective of this study was to determine the differences in blood glucose level and lipid profile among T2DM patients with hypertension and without hypertension. Method: This research was a cross-sectional analytic study. Research subjects were taken using a purposive sampling technique with inclusion and exclusion criteria among the 40 T2DM patients in the Chronic Disease Management Program called Prolanis at Bambanglipuro Health Centre. The inclusion criteria were T2DM patients who were members of Prolanis. The exclusion criteria were patients with a history of complications such as heart disease, stroke, and cancer. Accordingly, in total, 32 T2DM patients were joining this study. We collected the total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL data and analyzed it with an independent T-test. The fasting blood glucose level, HbA1C, and triglyceride data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were differences in LDL levels (p=0.005) in T2DM patients with hypertension and without hypertension. Meanwhile, there was no difference in fasting blood glucose among T2DM patients with hypertension and without hypertension. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in LDL, and there were no significant differences in fasting blood glucose levels in T2DM patients with hypertension and without hypertension.

PSXV-16 Blood glucose dynamics after feeding in the Orlov trotter horses in the conditions of the training center in preparation for trotter-racing

Abstract It is necessary to consider the factors affecting the dynamics and blood glucose (BG) level to maintain a horse’s high performance and health during intensive training. The study aimed to research the influence of the feeding regime on the change in BG level in the Orlov trotter horses during the period of intensive training (summer) in the conditions of the stud farm’s training center in the Kaluga region (Russia). Horses aged 2 to 4 years, stallions (n = 7), and mares (n = 5) received commercial mixed feed three times a day and grass hay in free access. Four times a week after lunch, horses are released into the paddock with cut grass. Blood was collected from the jugular vein. Blood was collected before morning feeding and then every hour until four h after morning and afternoon feeding. The dynamics of BG changes depending on the presence or absence of the grass paddock after feeding were evaluated. If horses remained in the stall after feeding, the BG level gradually increased, reaching a maximum (4.95 ± 0.21 mmol/L) 3 hours after feeding and was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than when they were immediately moved to the paddock with grass. The maximum BG concentration in horses in the paddock was observed 1 hour after feeding (4.55 ± 0.21 mmol/L); it didn’t have significant differences with the BG level after 1 hour in “stall horses” (4.5 ± 0.14 mmol/L). Then the BG level of the “paddock horses” gradually decreased, and in the “stall horses” increased. No significant difference in BG levels was observed 4 hours after feeding. When horses can walk in a paddock after feeding concentrates and eat grass, blood glucose levels do not rise and tend to decrease.

Seasonal changes in problem-solving in wild African striped mice.

Innovative problem-solving ability is a predictor of whether animals can successfully cope with environmental changes. These environmental changes can test the limits of animals, for example when energy availability decreases seasonally and, hence, problem-solving performance decreases because less energy is available for cognitive processes. Here, we investigated: (1) how problem-solving performance changed between seasons that differed significantly in food availability; (2) whether these changes were related to environmentally induced physiological changes in blood glucose and ketone levels, indicators of energy availability; and (3) whether individual variation in problem-solving was related to sex differences. We studied 99 free-ranging African striped mice, Rhabdomys pumilio, in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa, 55 during the hot dry summer with low food availability and 44 during the cold wet winter with higher food availability. We measured their problem-solving abilities using a food extraction task and found no seasonal differences in problem-solving success. However, mice solved the problem faster in summer versus winter. In summer, food availability was reduced and blood ketones increased but there was no seasonal difference in blood glucose levels. There were no correlation between problem-solving performance and blood glucose or ketone levels. Overall, more males solved the task than females. It appears that in striped mice cognitive functions can be maintained under harsh environmental conditions.

Abstract 42: Inhibiting Stimulatory Dendritic Cells Reduces Early Progressive Proteinuria In Obese Dahl Salt-sensitive Rats.

Childhood/prepubertal (PPO) obesity has emerged as an epidemic and major health problem over the last few decades and is a risk factor for the development of proteinuria. With the rising prevalence of obesity in children, studies examining how obesity contributes to the early development of proteinuria and renal injury in children are lacking. Recently, we observed that the early progression of proteinuria in the obese SS LepR mutant rats was associated with the increased renal infiltration of stimulatory dendritic cells (sDCs). Previous studies have demonstrated that sDCs interact with and activate T-cells to elicit a pro-inflammatory response. Therefore, the current study examined whether chronic treatment with abatacept will reduce proteinuria in SS LepR mutant rats prior to puberty by interfering with sDC-T-cell crosstalk. Four-week-old SS and SS LepR mutant rats were treated with either vehicle (PBS) or abatacept (1 mg/kg, i.p. every alternate day) for 4 weeks. We observed no significant differences in blood glucose levels and mean arterial pressure between vehicle- and abatacept-treated SS and SS LepR mutant rats. While proteinuria only rose from 9±3 to 48±28 mg/day in SS rats, proteinuria markedly increased from 40±13 to 638±73 mg/day in SS LepR mutant rats. Chronic treatment with abatacept significantly decreased the progression of proteinuria by almost 50% in SS LepR mutant rats (350±15 mg/day; p&lt;0.05 vs. vehicle-treated SS LepR mutant rats) without having any effect in SS rats (29±11 mg/day). We observed a significant increase in the renal infiltration of sDCs and cytotoxic T-cells in SS LepR mutant rats in comparison to their lean SS counterparts, and chronic treatment with abatacept reduced the infiltration of sDCs and cytotoxic T-cells only in the SS LepR mutant rats. These data indicate that targeting sDC/T-cell interaction pathways could offer novel therapeutic insights in the early management of proteinuria and renal injury associated with PPO.

Роль самоконтроля уровня глюкозы крови в оценке вариабельности гликемии у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 1 типа

In the context of the increasing prevalence of diabetes, an important task is to educate the patient on the mandatory self-monitoring of blood glucose levels (SMBG), which is an integral component of the treatment and prevention of acute and chronic complications of the disease. On the basis of the SMBG data, it is possible to assess the parameters of glycemic variability, which is the fluctuations in blood glucose during the day and differences in blood glucose levels at the same time on different days. Due to the fact that GV is one of the main criteria for assessing the quality of glycemic control, its correction is considered as a new goal in the treatment of patients with diabetes.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK BAWANG HITAM TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PADA MENCIT

Administration of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin is one of the most common pharmacological treatments given to people with diabetes mellitus. This treatment is carried out in the long term so that it causes side effects and is carried out continuously so that it will affect the financial condition of the diabetes mellitus patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of black garlic extract on decreasing blood glucose levels in mice (mus musculus). This study uses the design of True Experimental design (pretest-posttest with control group design). The population is mice in Pusvetma Surabaya. Sampling method uses Non Probability Sampling Purposive Sampling type. Samples taken were 30 mice consisting of 15 intervention groups and 15 control groups. Data was collected using observation sheets, then analyzed using Independent sample t test and Dependent sample t test with a significance level of 5 0.05. The results showed: Using the test Independent sample T test obtained a significance value ρ = 0,000 It can be concluded that there is an effect of black onion extract to reduce blood glucose levels in mice. In the paired t-test test in the treatment group showed ρ = 0,000 that there were differences in blood glucose levels before being given extracts of garlic and after being given intervention. It is expected that black garlic can be used as an alternative medicine to reduce blood glucose levels.Keyword : Ekstrak of black garlic, Blood sugar levels, mus musculus

Comparison glucose levels in capillaries and veins using glukometer in people with diabetes mellitus at community the geringging district the pariaman

Non-communicable diseases have now become a serious threat to global health, including diabetes. in reports from Sungai Geringging Public Health Center in 2020 the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 450 people. Checking blood sugar levels in diabetic patients should be done regularly. Examination of blood glucose levels using the glucose oxidase method, examination materials in the form of venous blood and capillary blood. This study aims to determine the comparison of glucose levels in capillary and venous blood using a glucometer in patients with diabetes mellitus. This type of quantitative research was carried out at Sungai Geringging Public Health Center, Padang Pariaman Regency, and carried out in February 2021. The population of patients who did blood glucose checks with a sample of 81 people. Data analysis was univariate and bivariate using a t-test. The results of capillary blood glucose levels were 203.507 mg/dl, glucose levels in venous blood were 199.753 mg/dl. There is a difference in glucose levels in venous blood and capillary blood in respondents with v = 0.005 (α = 0.05). It was concluded that there was a difference in blood glucose levels in venous blood and capillary blood. It is recommended to increase the number of samples so that the accuracy of the research results can be maximized in further research.

Screening and identification of potential protein biomarkers for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

BackgroundAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most serious type of heart disease. Clinically, there is an urgent need to discover diagnostic biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AMI.MethodsSerum proteomic profiles in AMI patients, healthy controls, and stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients were explored and compared by iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS. The clinical data of AMI patients were also analyzed. Differentially expressed proteins were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and diagnostic models were constructed.ResultsA total of 39 differentially expressed proteins were identified in AMI patients. The results showed that the serum levels of apolipoprotein E (APOE) in AMI patients were notably higher than those in the healthy controls (P=0.0172). The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AATC) in AMI patients were markedly higher than those in the healthy controls and SAP patients (P<0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively). The serum levels of fibronectin (FINC) in SAP patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls and AMI patients (P=0.0043 and P=0.0044, respectively). Clinical data analysis showed a considerable difference in blood glucose levels, troponin I (TNI), and creatine kinase (CK) in AMI patients compared with SAP patients and healthy controls. A diagnostic model consisting of AATC and clinical indicators [lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and CK] was established to distinguish between AMI patients and healthy controls, with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.993 sensitivity and specificity of 96.2% and 96.3%, respectively. A diagnostic model consisting of AATC and CK was established to distinguish between AMI patients and SAP patients, with an AUC value of 0.975 and a sensitivity and specificity of 85.2% and 79.30%, respectively.ConclusionsIn this study, differentially expressed proteins in AMI patients were combined with clinical indexes, LDH and CK, and two diagnostic models were constructed. This study may provide meaningful data for the early diagnosis of AMI.