Purpose This conceptual literature review employs a Hegelian dialectical framework to analyse the scholarly discourse on the tension between Eurocentric academic promotion criteria and ubuntu-centred alternatives within African higher education. Design/methodology/approach The review synthesizes literature through the structured logic of Hegelian dialectics, exploring how the thesis of colonial academic metrics confronts the antithesis of communal indigenous knowledge systems, and moving towards a synthesized proposal for transformative evaluation frameworks. A systematic search strategy was employed, resulting in a final corpus of 98 sources analysed through the moments of Understanding, Dialectical Reason and Speculative Reason. Findings The analysis demonstrates that ubuntu epistemology provides a coherent philosophical foundation for viable alternatives that honour collective wisdom, intergenerational knowledge transmission and community-engaged scholarship while maintaining academic rigor. Research limitations/implications The article concludes that transforming academic promotion constitutes a profound epistemological revolution aligned with the demands of the VUCA era and sustainable development imperatives. The proposed synthesis offers a pathway towards cognitive justice by institutionalising community-engaged scholarship, poly-vocal validation, oral and vernacular scholarship and collective capacity building as core academic values. Originality/value This review makes an original contribution by integrating Hegelian dialectical methodology with decolonial and ubuntu philosophy to systematically construct a concrete, institutional alternative for academic evaluation.

Standard logic consists of a univocal vocabulary and rigorous rules of derivation, through which syntactically coherent or semantically true conclusions are reached, starting from axioms; Hegel's speculative logic, in the Science of Logic, possesses characteristics irreducible to it. Hegelian logic cannot be expressed even through non-classical-standard formalizations, not even paraconsistent ones (the author essentially considers dialetheism). It is fundamentally an ontological logic, which does not admit the principle of non-contradiction, nor that of the excluded middle, nor that of identity, as understood by Verstand (as a principle according to which identity and diversity are different from each other - but if identity is different from diversity, then it too is in itself difference). The author attempts to express this dialectical logic symbolically, to show how incomparable it is with standard logics and with (at least some) non-standard logics. He uses a plurivocal vocabulary, which cannot follow rules extrinsic to the dialectical self-constitution of concepts and, ultimately, of speculative truth.

In the context of global media, animated films have become a crucial area for showcasing a nation's cultural soft power. A construction of effective characters is usually essential for the successful adaptation of intellectual property (IP). This study examined how Ne Zha 2: The Demon Boy Churns the Sea (2025) integrated traditional mythology with contemporary society through the analysis of the underlying logic in the construction of the characters. To analyze the narrative context of the "shared body" of the protagonist in the film and the enlarged set of secondary characters, this article uses literary analysis and textual analysis, combining the theory of the cultural representation of Stuart Hall with the theory of displacement of Northrop Frye. The results reveal that the film, through a strategy of familiarization with traditional IP mythology, transformed the relationship between Ne Zha and Ao Bing, passing from a binary opposition present in previous works to a shared destination. Use the dialectical logic of the "unity of opposites" to dismantle the stereotypes of traditional mythology. The extended list of secondary characters elevates the narrative of a simple, familiar story to a portrait of different social classes, deeply reflecting the structural prejudices of society. This film has great potential for intercultural communication thanks to its narrative structure, which effectively resolves the conflict between the essence of ancient ethnic culture and modern universal values. It provides new theoretical ideas about how to maintain ethnic identity while the IP of Chinese mythology is globalized.

The article investigates the approaches to the definition of the category essence "management effacacy". The object of research is the theoretical and methodological enterprisе efficacy composition aspects. The subject is ensuring of enterprisе effective management. The study purpose is to find ways to guarantee the enterprisе efficacy functioning by improving the management, financial and economic security fixed capital system. The following tasks are implemented for this: analysis of publications on the enterprisе efficacy management; definition of principles for the enterprisе efficacy management implementation; improvement of the management system based on the fixed capital efficient use; enterprisе economic security main components determination and implementation levels of environmentally safe technologies for enterprisе efficacy management. To solve the research problems, the principles of dialectical logic, the unity of logical and theoretical, system analysis, problem-oriented and system-structural approach, classification methods, expert assessments were used. The article presents a model of internal audit of the core capital of enterprisеs, which reflects organizational, legal, operational and accounting control. The enterprisе economic security main components and the levels of environmentally safe technologies implementation at enterprisеs are highlighted. Also the main priority interests of the environmentally friendly technologies introduction, which are the main capital for enterprisеs have been determined, and draws up a logical scheme of the levels and stages of management decision-making to ensure the innovative technologies development has been drawn up.

The author conducts a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism for coordinating the execution of transactions by complementaries on their own behalf, enshrined in Article 73 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, primarily from the point of view of the purposes of its establishment (prevention of unjustified competition with the corporation, etc.), the scope of application (performance of actions that meet certain criteria) and the negative consequences of ignoring (compensation for damages, etc.). The methodological basis of the study was made up of general theoretical (formal and dialectical logic) and specific scientific (legal-dogmatic, comparative legal, interpretation of legal norms, etc.) methods. As a result, the author, in particular, substantiates the organic nature of the interpretation of the consent of the participants of the partnership as a «single» consent of a third party (the partnership itself) to execute a transaction in the sense of the provisions of Article 157.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and recognizes the irrationality of invalidating a transaction executed by a complementary in violation of the permitting procedure.

In connection with the Special Military Operation in Ukraine, the crimes investigation against peace and security of mankind, provided for in Section XII of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, becomes relevant. Genocide, which is one of the crimes of this group (Article 357), has a subjective component – dehumanisation. The purpose of this article is to analyse the concept “dehumanization” and the mechanism of its formation, to develop a draft legal definition of this concept and to distinguish it from other uses of this term. Methods: empirical methods of comparison, display, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; specific methods: legal–dogmatic and interpretation of legal norms. Results: the study established the evolutionary mechanism of dehumanisation, provided examples of dehumanisation and its consequences, formulated a draft legal definition, and considered options for unjustified expansion of the content of the concept “dehumanization”.

It is legally established that court decisions in criminal cases must be lawful, substantiated, reasoned, fair (verdicts), and are subject to mandatory enforcement. Procedural legislation does not contain a separate provision regarding the enforceability of court decisions; however, it does stipulate the mandatory nature of judicial acts. The article analyzes approaches to defining the concept of enforceability of court decisions, argues that enforceability is an important characteristic of a court decision, examines the legal regulation of the enforcement of court acts in criminal proceedings. The paper highlights the existence of a number of theoretical and normative problems negatively affecting law enforcement practice, and notes the lack of comprehensive research on the subject matter. Purpose: To analyze the problems of enforceability of court decisions in criminal proceedings. Methods: comparative analysis is used to compare the legal regulation of the enforceability of court acts in civil, administrative, and criminal cases; formal and dialectical logic is applied to identify problems in legal regulation; interpretation of legal norms is used to explain the meaning of the term “enforceability of court decisions” and other related terms. Results: The article concludes that there is currently a legislative possibility in criminal proceedings for the non-enforcement of certain court decisions with minimal risk of criminal liability.

The interpretation of the rule of paragraph 2 of Article 582 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, reflecting the concept of free acceptance of donations (regardless of anyone’s permission or consent), is not explicit in doctrine and in practice. Moreover, the issue of the (in)expediency of its adjustment or outright cancellation is discussed. Purposes: To reveal the meaning and function of the specified legal provision (primarily from the perspective of the irrevocability of considering the donee’s will to accept the donation); To identify the limitations of the concept’s scope of application (including subjective and objective limitations); To analyze the aspect of the (il)legality of decentralized regulation of the donation acceptance mechanism (in terms of assessing the rule as imperative or dispositive). Methods: general theoretical – formal and dialectical logic; specific scientific – legal-dogmatic (primarily for identifying the general meaning of the concept, taking into account the contractual nature of donation), legal modeling (in particular, for determining the appropriateness of the “blanket” application of the concept), interpretation of legal norms (including for resolving the issue of the inherent application of rules regarding transaction consents). Results: The study proves that the concept, not relating to the donee’s expression of will, holds significant legal importance – it prevents the use of already established approval regimes or the introduction of new ones. The article substantiates that under the current legislation, the acceptance of donations is free from control not only by government authorities but also by private individuals (although in some cases, such scaling seems inappropriate). The author emphasizes that the concept’s effect does not extend to restrictive instruments other than approval (e.g., prohibitions), nor to the transfer of a donation, consequently, among other things, the rules regarding the disposal of property by holders of limited property rights are applicable to donations; the unacceptable nature of a fundamental prohibition of local regulation concerning the acceptance of donations is argued.

The current stage of development in Russian criminal procedure law is characterized by the search for optimal solutions to the problems facing criminal proceedings, including ensuring the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of crime victims. In this regard, the views of procedural law scholars and practitioners are increasingly turning to the mediation procedure, used in other types of legal proceedings, which allows for the settlement of disputes between parties on a mutually acceptable basis. At the same time, the experience of several CIS member states (the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Republic of Belarus, and the Republic of Kyrgyzstan), which have introduced mediation into criminal proceedings is of interest. Purpose: based on a comprehensive analysis of Federal Law No. 193-FZ of July 27, 2010, “On Alternative Dispute Resolution Procedures with the Participation of a Mediator (Mediation Procedure)”, and the current Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, as well as the legislation of the CIS member states that use mediation procedures in criminal proceedings, to study the prospects for introducing this procedure in the national criminal procedure and to propose ways to improve the legislation in this area. Methods: comparative law (used in the study of the criminal procedure legislation of the CIS member states); formal and dialectical logic (these methods are used to investigate the interrelationships between phenomena and to formulate general conclusions); interpretation of legal norms (applied to clarify the meaning of legal provisions and to address existing gaps). Results: the study concludes that it is possible to extend mediation procedures to criminal proceedings, provided that appropriate amendments are made to both the law governing mediation in general and the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. The study also formulates specific proposals for improving the current legislation, taking into account the experience of some CIS member states.

It is known that property can be owned and used, or used only, by not only one, but two or more parties. In this regard, it is common to speak of shares. However, despite the fact that shared ownership has existed throughout human history, the question of the legal nature of a share continues to generate debates among civil law scholars. Specifically, some scholars believe that a share is a subjective right. The other opinion is that a share can be as an object of civil rights. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal nature of a share as an object of civil rights, based on an analysis of legal literature, current civil legislation, and the judicial practice of higher courts. In writing the research, the author bases on a system approach, theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, as well as methods of comparison, description and interpretation. Rely on the study of such categories as “object of civil rights” and “object of civil transition”, the examination of the features of civil rights object and their presence in relation to the shares, scientifically substantiated conclusions have been made that the share is an object of civil rights, it is a part of the whole and it belongs to a certain person and has the same characteristics as the whole. In the system of civil rights objects, a share is classified as a property right.

A pressing task in modern forensic science is the theoretical, legal, and practical understanding of artificial intelligence as a potential source of specialized knowledge used in the fight against crime. The digital transformation of law enforcement necessitates rethinking the traditional anthropocentric approach to the category of "special knowledge" in light of the opportunities offered by artificial intelligence. Objective: to substantiate the feasibility and feasibility of recognizing artificial intelligence technologies as a form of implementing specialized knowledge in criminal proceedings. Methods: empirical methods of description and interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; Specific scientific methods include legal-dogmatic analysis, comparative legal methods, and the method of interpreting legal norms. Results: the study demonstrated that artificial intelligence, although lacking legal personality, can act as a tool for implementing specialized knowledge, provided its application is methodologically sound, its conclusions are expertly verified, and procedural safeguards are observed. Key areas of artificial intelligence use in forensics (machine learning, computer vision, expert systems, natural language processing, large-scale language models) are identified, as well as the risks associated with the lack of regulatory frameworks, the "black box" nature of algorithms, and ethical challenges. The need for comprehensive legal and methodological regulation of AI use to ensure the admissibility and reliability of its conclusions in criminal procedural evidence is substantiated.

In his recent paper, Priest proposes a formal model of dialectical logic (Priest [2023]. ‘The logical structure of dialectic’, History and Philosophy of Logic, 44 (2), 200–208.). This paper critically examines Priest’s formal model from two key perspectives: First, it assesses the model’s accuracy in describing the dialectical progression; second, it evaluates the model’s ability to explain this progression. The analysis reveals that Priest’s formal model falls short in both respects, as it neither accurately represents the dialectical progression nor provides a satisfactory explanation of it.

Modern society is increasingly faced with the need to improve the transparency and accountability of public authorities in order to combat corruption. In many countries, including Ukraine, corruption remains one of the biggest challenges in public administration, negatively affecting economic development, social justice and citizens' trust in the state. Traditional forms of interaction between citizens and public administration, which involve paper-based procedures and direct contact with officials, often create fertile ground for abuse and bribery. In the context of digitalisation and the growing role of information and communication technologies in all spheres of public life, electronic services (e-services) offer an alternative way for citizens, businesses and public authorities to interact. The use of e-services simplifies administrative procedures, reduces the subjective influence of the human factor and speeds up access to necessary information. All this, in turn, contributes to reducing corruption risks and increasing the effectiveness of management decisions. In Ukraine, the fight against corruption is one of the priorities of state policy, enshrined in strategic documents such as the Sustainable Development Strategy "Ukraine 2021-2025". The implementation of digital initiatives, such as the National Agency for Corruption Prevention's electronic declaration system or the ProZorro public procurement platform, demonstrates the potential of technology to reduce corruption risks. However, the digitisation process is accompanied by challenges, including limited technical infrastructure, low levels of digital literacy, and the need to adapt legislation to new realities. Research on this topic allows us not only to assess the current state of digitisation, but also to offer recommendations for its further development in the law enforcement sphere. The aim of the work is to summarise the main scientifically based approaches to defining digitalisation processes and their characteristics as an anti-corruption tool for public administration in modern conditions. The methodology of the article is structured in such a way as to allow for the study of the development of digitalisation as an anti-corruption tool in public administration, the identification of the essential features of digitalisation in the field of public administration, the limitations of digitalisation processes in public administration, digital tools in the fight against corruption, and the identification of directions for anti-corruption strategy in the promising conditions of European integration. The study was conducted based on the principles of dialectical logic. The multifaceted and multifactorial nature of the development of digitalisation as an anti-corruption tool and public administration necessitates the use of a systematic and situational approach to its study. The work also applied methods of systemic, logical, institutional analysis, and forecasting. The development of provisions and conclusions used the possibilities of comparative studies, rational choice theory, and neo-institutionalism. The study demonstrates that digital technologies, most notably electronic registries, big data analytics systems, blockchain solutions, video surveillance, and whistleblowing platforms, possess considerable potential in the prevention and combatting of corruption in law enforcement. The effectiveness of these reforms is clearly demonstrated by Ukrainian examples, such as the NACP electronic declaration system and the ProZorro public procurement platform. These tools help ensure transparency, automate management processes and minimise the human factor, which is particularly important in an area where significant discretionary powers create opportunities for abuse of authority. At the same time, the process of implementing digital solutions is accompanied by a number of challenges, including technical limitations, insufficient digital literacy among employees, gaps in legislation, and growing cyber threats. In the context of martial law and limited resources, these challenges are becoming even more relevant in Ukraine, necessitating a gradual, adaptive approach to the digitalisation of law enforcement. Further development prospects are linked to the following key areas: integration of interdepartmental digital platforms, strengthening cybersecurity, systematic training of specialists, and deepening international co-operation. The adaptation of best international practices, in particular the recommendations of the OECD and the European Commission, as well as the updating of national legislation to take into account innovative technologies, in particular artificial intelligence, play a special role in this process. Digitalisation, provided it is accompanied by appropriate regulatory, organisational and technical support, can become the basis for a systemic transformation of anti-corruption policy, strengthening trust in law enforcement agencies and establishing the principle of the rule of law. Achieving these goals requires coordinated efforts by the state, civil society and international partners, which will enable the full potential of digital tools in the field of law enforcement to be realised.

In the context of the global information war against Russia, the dissemination of fake information has become one of the key tools for manipulating public consciousness. Fakes threaten national security by undermining trust in government institutions and provoking social unrest. In this regard, the issue of using artificial intelligence (AI) to effectively counter fakes becomes relevant. Purpose: to substantiate the importance of introducing AI technologies to combat fake information, as well as to propose an algorithm for countering fakes in the sphere of Russia’s national security. Methods: empirical methods of comparison (in order to identify lies through comparing with facts), description (in order to classify fakes by types and characteristics), interpretation of data on the dissemination of fake information (in order to disclose their purpose and impact on society) are used comprehensively, which makes it possible not only to fix fakes, but also to develop countermeasures against them; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic are used in the analysis of the conceptual apparatus; the specific scientific method of legal and dogmatic analysis of regulatory legal acts allows to identify gaps in regulation, evaluate the effectiveness of laws, and propose legal solutions to the identified problems. Results: the study proves the need to develop and implement national AI technologies to counter fakes aimed at undermining state security, distorting facts, falsifying multimedia content and creating unreliable sources to destabilize society, reduce trust in government institutions and provoke various conflicts. AI technologies detect fake news with an accuracy exceeding human capabilities and can quickly respond to the emergence of new types of fakes. The use of AI to recognize fakes and control the dissemination of information has key advantages: a proactive approach (fighting threats rather than consequences); adaptability (training AI on new types of fakes); comprehensiveness (a combination of technical and expert solutions).

The problem of qualification of official crimes in terms of the fact that the perpetrators have a personal interest is discussed in criminal law theory and is quite acute for practice. Despite the explanations of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on individual types and characteristics of the commented feature as an evaluative one, the decisions of the courts of general jurisdiction are quite contradictory. The problem is controversial due to the fact that any criminal motive is personal, and the desire for career growth, the well-being of family members, the desire to present the results of one’s activities in a favorable light and to enlist the support of management in resolving official issues should hardly be characterized as unconditionally negative. Therefore, identifying the specific features of “personal interest” as a crime-forming feature of the main and mandatory qualified compositions of official crimes, i.e., a circumstance that increases their social danger, is an urgent scientific task. Purpose: to determine a methodological approach to the qualification of abuse of powers and their excess, allowing to establish whether or not an official has a motive of personal interest. Methods: empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation (used in the study, explanation and critical analysis of judicial practice); theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic (used to identify contradictions and interrelations between legal ideas on the personal interest of a person committing a proper crime, relevant legal forms and legal reality); specific scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and interpretation of legal norms (used to explain the content of criminal law norms in a hermeneutical and socio-political context). Results: the article shows the specifics of the motive of personal interest as a sign of official encroachment in comparison with the personal interest of any criminal, which is determined by the duty of an official to be guided in his official activity not by personal, but by public interest. The existence of the personal interest of a person committing an official crime is evidenced by the clear opposition of a low, socially reprehensible personal motive to a public and legally protected interest. The recognition of interest as personal in the criminal law meaning presupposes its assessment in the context of other circumstances of the encroachment. The methodological basis here is the idea of the crime as a system where objective features correspond to subjective ones and vice versa; we judge the internal motives of the subject by actions, their consequences and other circumstances.

Despite the wide application of artificial intelligence technology in many areas of activity, the use of the term “artificial intelligence” in regulatory acts at various levels, there is still no definition of artificial intelligence as an object of law. Purpose: to summarize the existing ideas about artificial intelligence, to highlight its features and characteristics, to formulate a definition of artificial intelligence and to identify its relationship with the concepts of “informatization”, “automation” and “digitalization”. Methods: empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; specific scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and interpretation of legal norms. Results: the article identifies the features of artificial intelligence and formulates its definition according to which artificial intelligence is primarily a computer program that is endowed with a set of cognitive functions of the human brain. This means that it can perform intellectual activities and is also a technique and ascientific direction.

One of the goals of criminal law is to correct the perpetrator by encouraging positive post-criminal behavior in exchange for the provision of incentives, including exemption from liability. The appearance in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation of grounds containing requirements for additional payments to the state budget in order to receive incentives raises the question of their contradiction to the established criminal law doctrine. Purpose: to define the criminal law nature of additional payments to the state budget (monetary compensation in Article 76.1 and a judicial fine in Articles 76.2, 104.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), acting as a condition of exemption from liability. Methods: the use of empirical methods of comparison, description, theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, as well as specific scientific methods (legal-dogmatic and interpretation of legal norms) in a complex allows to correlate the subject of the study with the signs of measures of criminal law impact of restorative and coercive properties, to identify and explain the true legal nature of additional payments to the budget. Results: the article establishes that the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation provides for a specific condition for exemption from liability that does not perform any restorative or punitive function; its legal groundlessness and the inadmissibility of its existence in the national system of criminal law impact are argued, since the fulfillment of this condition does not indicate the correction of the perpetrator.

The scientific research examines the interaction specifics of the State Duma and citizens with the help of website and social media platforms, work-ing with individual appeals from citizens through the departments for complaints and appeals handling and through the direct communication between deputies and voters. The article also evaluates the effectiveness of using online reception rooms, online surveys and video broadcasts, monitoring social networks, developing and improving a personal account on information portal “the State Duma Reception”. Purpose: a theoretical and methodological analysis of the digital mechanisms’ im-plementation of interaction between the State Duma and citizens in the Russian Federation, as well as the definition and the study the role of these mechanisms in the process of ensuring the legitimacy of the decisions taken by the state. Methods: empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; private scientific methods: legal and dogmatic and in-terpretation of legal norms. Results: the study revealed the need to define criteria for the effective interaction, to establish the impact of digitalisation, to determine the role of digital technologies and to identify risks and threats associated with the use of digital technologies.

The shift of criminal activity to the information and telecommunications environment has predetermined the need to adapt operational investigative activities to new conditions, in which technical literacy, analytical skills and the ability to work with digital traces are becoming the most important competencies of the District Department of Internal Affairs staff. The conditions of digital transformation require are vision of both the doctrinal and applied foundations of operational investigative activities and, above all, work with digital information of operational interest. Purpose: to form a system of arguments for recognising digital operational information as an independent object of legal regulation and deserving the establishment of a special regime for its documentation. Methods: comparative legal, doctrinal interpretation of the norms of operational investigative and criminal procedu rallegislation, study the court decisions in criminal cases, synthesis, formal and dialectical logic. Results: the study allowed us to analyse international legal requirements for processing digital traces of criminal activity, evaluate the legislative experience of Western European states in ensuring the admissibility of digital evidence and identify contradictions in Russian judicial practice in recognising digital information obtained operationally as procedurally significant. It is concluded that Russian operationaltional–search legislation needs to formalise digital operational information as a special kind of data extracted by operational units from the information and telecommunications environment, subject to primary verification and capable of being transformed into procedurally admissible evidence. This will reduce the risks of violating the law and will allow us to formulate a common approach in law enforcement practice for documenting digital traces of crimes.

The author points out the relevance of the problem connected with the preserving the natural environment of the Russian Federation, which is aggravated by the low efficiency of countering its pollution, the high level of latency of environmental crimes. The author continues the discussion that he began earlier in the series of his publications on how to improve the forensic support for the investigation of nature pollution crimes. The purpose of the article is to identify conceptual factors of modelling the trail stage of the preliminary investigation on the environmental pollution, as well as to formulate recommendations for its implementation. Methods: theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic; empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; specific scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and interpretation of legal norms. Results: based on an analysis of investigative and judicial practice, in a schematic form, the author formulates proposals how to use the trial stage modelling on a criminal case, taking into account the peculiarities of the forensic characteristics of criminal cases related to environmental pollution.