Diagnostic Biomarkers Research Articles

Keratin 80 as a diagnostic biomarker with limited prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer.

To investigate the expression of KRT80 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and its relationship with clinicopathological factors, prognosis, as well as the differences in KRT80 expression between Xuanwei area and Non-xuanwei area, lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma. Based on 178 clinical cases, immunohistochemical methods combined with public databases were used to examine the expression of KRT80 in NSCLC patients and analyze its correlation with various clinicopathological factors and prognosis. The study confirmed the up-regulation of KRT80 expression in NSCLC cancer tissues. Significant regional specific and histological subtype differences in KRT80 expression were revealed. Although the expression level of KRT80 has no direct significant correlation with the prognosis of NSCLC patients, it has a good ability to distinguish cancerous tissue from paracancer tissue. KRT80 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC patients, but its specific mechanism and clinical application value still need to be further explored.

Implication of circulating miRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarker in oropharyngeal squamous cell Carcinoma: Association with Human Papilloma Virus.

Implication of circulating miRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarker in oropharyngeal squamous cell Carcinoma: Association with Human Papilloma Virus.

Analysis of differentially expressed genes in schizophrenia based on bioinformatics and corresponding mRNA expression levels.

This study aimed to use bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and validate their mRNA expression levels through real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Datasets from the publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed using R software to identify DEGs. Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, were conducted. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using Cytoscape software to identify key genes with notable expression changes. The expression levels of these key genes were subsequently validated in schizophrenia patients using qPCR to assess potential susceptibility genes. In total, 813 DEGs were identified, with six key genes highlighted through GO analysis and PPI network screening. Among these, HDAC1, UBA52, and FYN demonstrated statistically significant differences in mRNA expression between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls (P<0.05). This study identified several DEGs potentially linked to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, suggesting that HDAC1, UBA52, and FYN could serve as candidate susceptibility genes and diagnostic biomarkers. These findings provide new insights and directions for future schizophrenia research.

Chronic postsurgical inguinal pain: incidence and diagnostic biomarkers from a large German national claims database.

Chronic postsurgical inguinal pain: incidence and diagnostic biomarkers from a large German national claims database.

MRNA-Based Urine Test Performance in High and Very-High Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Undergoing Contextual Endoscopic Follow-up (VERNAL: Vesical Tumor Early Monitoring: mRNA-Based Follow-up).

mRNA-Based Urine Test Performance in High and Very-High Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients Undergoing Contextual Endoscopic Follow-up (VERNAL: Vesical Tumor Early Monitoring: mRNA-Based Follow-up).

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9): A macromolecular mediator in CNS infections: A review.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9): A macromolecular mediator in CNS infections: A review.

Molecular epidemiology, immunobiology, genomics and proteomics insights into bovine brucellosis.

Molecular epidemiology, immunobiology, genomics and proteomics insights into bovine brucellosis.

The role of miR-21 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease.

The role of miR-21 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease.

Novel diagnostic biomarker and immune profiling of GPR56+ B cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Novel diagnostic biomarker and immune profiling of GPR56+ B cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Decoding YOD1: Insights into tumour regulation and translational opportunities.

Decoding YOD1: Insights into tumour regulation and translational opportunities.

Lipidomics in Periodontal Disease Research: A Systematic Review.

Periodontal disease is a highly prevalent oral pathology in the human population, which has a significant local and systemic impact. Currently, multi-omics analyses, including lipidomics, are fundamental to obtaining an in-depth molecular understanding of the individual. Lipidomics is dedicated to the study of lipid species and their interactions in various health contexts. This specific multi-omics analysis is important for understanding the alteration of metabolism and signaling in disease, identifying biochemical markers, and potential therapeutic targets. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the existing scientific literature on lipidomics in periodontal disease and thus determine which molecules have already been analyzed and their potential in this specific disease. This study followed the recommendations of the PRISMA 2020 methodology. The inclusion criteria used were articles published in indexed journals between 2000 and 2023, written in English, and establishing an exclusive relationship about lipidomics in human periodontal disease. The articles were searched in three different databases. Considering the criteria defined, only six articles were selected and zed individually in detail. In four of the six studies, differences in the lipidome of individuals with periodontal disease were identified. Furthermore, phosphoethanolamine ceramide was found to have potential as a diagnostic biomarker. Finally, the therapeutic potential of a lipoxin A4 analogue was also identified. These results reinforce the need for future research in this area so that the consequences of this disease on the lipidome can be identified.

The Protective Role of miR-125b in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Unraveling Tumor-Suppressive Mechanisms

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators of gene expression, playing pivotal roles in various biological processes, including cancer development and progression. Among them, miR-125b has garnered significant attention due to its multifaceted functional roles in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Extensive research has revealed that miR-125b plays a dual role in HCC, acting as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene, depending on the context. As a tumor suppressor, miR-125b inhibits HCC by targeting key oncogenic pathways and genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Its downregulation in HCC is frequently observed and correlates with aggressive tumor characteristics and poor prognosis. Conversely, miR-125b can also function as an oncogene in specific HCC subtypes or under certain conditions. It has been shown to promote HCC growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance by targeting tumor suppressor genes, modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and enhancing cancer stem cell-like properties. The upregulation of miR-125b in HCC has been associated with advanced disease stages and unfavorable clinical outcomes. Furthermore, a complex network of regulatory mechanisms influences the dysregulation of miR-125b expression in HCC. Understanding these regulatory mechanisms is crucial for deciphering the precise functional roles of miR-125b in HCC and exploring its potential as a diagnostic biomarker or therapeutic target. In the current review study, we comprehensively elucidated the diverse functional roles of miR-125b in HCC, providing a comprehensive overview of its regulatory mechanisms and impact on key cellular processes involved in HCC progression.

Evaluating physico-chemical and biological impacts of brine discharges for a sustainable desalination development on South America's Pacific coast.

Evaluating physico-chemical and biological impacts of brine discharges for a sustainable desalination development on South America's Pacific coast.

Functional connectivity anomalies in medication-naive children with ADHD: Diagnostic potential, symptoms interpretation, and a mediation model.

Functional connectivity anomalies in medication-naive children with ADHD: Diagnostic potential, symptoms interpretation, and a mediation model.

Serum Exosomal hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, and hsa-miR-450b-5p as Candidate Biomarkers for Recurrent Depressive Disorder Diagnosis and ECT Treatment Response: A Preliminary Investigation.

This study investigated the differential expression of serum exosomal miRNAs in female patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD) before and after non-convulsive electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), aiming to explore potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Serum samples were collected from three groups: healthy female volunteers aged 30-50, female patients with RDD prior to ECT, and female patients post-ECT who had achieved remission. Exosomes were isolated from serum, identified through transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot analysis of exosomal markers. Total RNA was extracted from exosomes, and miRNA sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Gene target prediction, Gene Ontology, and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were also performed. miRNA sequencing revealed significant differences in exosomal miRNA profiles among the three groups. Compared to controls, 69 miRNAs were upregulated and 98 downregulated in the model group, while the recovery group showed 41 upregulated and 51 downregulated miRNAs compared to the model group. Furthermore, the recovery group exhibited 35 upregulated and 59 downregulated miRNAs compared to controls. Analysis identified hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, and hsa-miR-450b-5p as potential biomarkers for RDD diagnosis and ECT treatment response, with functional roles likely related to inflammation, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. Serum exosomal miRNAs, particularly hsa-miR-142-5p, hsa-miR-1908-5p, and hsa-miR-450b-5p, emerged as promising candidates for further investigation as biomarkers for RDD diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Larger, multi-center studies are warranted to validate these findings.

Plasma metabolomic signatures for predicting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma survival: The clinical application of targeted mass spectrometry lipidomics.

e16409 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one the most lethal human cancers with an overall 5-year survival of 12%. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have the potential to improve early detection and the hope for better outcomes yet efforts to apply genomic risk-stratification to enhance PDAC screening have not proven cost effective (Peters et al., JCO, 2023). We previously reported the application of mass spectrometry to identify PDAC in plasma (D’Amora et al., Metabolites, 2024). We now show that plasma lipidomics provide risk stratification for PDAC survival. Methods: Plasma from 29 PDAC patients were analyzed by targeted MS/MS using the Absolute IDQ p180 on a Sciex 6500 triple quad platform. Metabolic ratios incorporating phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and sphingomyelins (SMs) were correlated with survival. Statistical significance used Wilcoxon rank-sum tests with false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Results: Four lipid ratios significantly correlated with survival up to 15 years of follow up. These include (PC aa C40:5/PC ae C36:0) (p = 1.13e-5, FDR = 0.001), (PC aa C40:5/SM C18:1) (p = 4.74e-5, FDR = 0.003), (PC aa C36:5/PC ae C36:0) (p = 2.87e-4, FDR = 0.007), and (PC aa C40:5/SM C16:1) (p = 3.177e-4, FDR = 0.007). In PDAC higher concentrations of unsaturated PCs &amp; SMs correlated with longer survival. The equation (Lysophophatidylcholine a 26:1/ Phosphatidylcholine aa C34:4) separated survivors from non-survivors with a Receiver Operator Curve (ROC) AUC = 0.968 (p = 4.01e-4). To interrogate micro-environmental conditions, we applied MS/MS to the media of PDAC explants derived from surgical specimens. Following 72 hour incubation (37°, 5% CO2) unsaturated PC concentrations were found significantly lower in the media isolated from PDAC explants compared with controls (p &lt; 0.007). Conclusions: Higher concentrations of unsaturated lipids and higher ratios of unsaturated to saturated lipids in the plasma of PDAC patients correlate with improved survival. As malignant transformation is associated with increased dependence upon exogenous sources of unsaturated lipids, we confirmed lower concentrations of unsaturated lipids in the media from PDAC explant cultures highly consistent with enhanced tumor avidity for these lipid species. We have previously found that plasma unsaturated lipid concentrations differ by tumor type (unpublished). Here we show higher unsaturated lipid concentrations and ratios in the plasma of PDAC patients appear to reflect a systemic protective effect. We demonstrate that plasma lipidomic signatures can stratify PDAC-patient survival, offering a novel prognostic biomarker. Lipid alterations reflective of metabolic reprogramming may offer a new method for risk stratification. Further validation is warranted to confirm the observed correlations between plasma lipidomics and PDAC survival.

A comprehensive review and in silico analysis of the role of survivin (BIRC5) in hepatocellular carcinoma hallmarks: A step toward precision.

A comprehensive review and in silico analysis of the role of survivin (BIRC5) in hepatocellular carcinoma hallmarks: A step toward precision.

Characterization of lncRNA-protein interactions associated with Prostate cancer and Androgen receptors by molecular docking simulations.

Characterization of lncRNA-protein interactions associated with Prostate cancer and Androgen receptors by molecular docking simulations.

A nanoplasmonic cell-on-a-chip for in situ monitoring of PD-L1+ exosome-mediated immune modulation.

A nanoplasmonic cell-on-a-chip for in situ monitoring of PD-L1+ exosome-mediated immune modulation.

DNA hypermethylation of MED1 and MED23 as early diagnostic biomarkers for unsolved issues in atrial fibrillation.

DNA hypermethylation of MED1 and MED23 as early diagnostic biomarkers for unsolved issues in atrial fibrillation.