Development Of Trade Research Articles

GLOBALIZATION OF THE MARKET OF FLORICULTURE PRODUCTS: REGULARITIES, APPROACHES TO DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECTS FOR UKRAINE

Introduction. One of the significant economic trends of our time is economic globalization, which is a process of international institutional and economic unification and integration. The development of transport networks and means of communication contributed to the development of international trade, whose representatives, in turn, acted as a driving force of globalization. One of the manifestations of globalization of the world was the significant expansion of the market of floriculture products. Ukraine has a significant potential for the development of the floriculture industry due to favorable climatic conditions and geographical location. This opens up both new opportunities and poses new challenges to agricultural producers in Ukraine. producers to the global floriculture industry. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach to the consideration of social and economic phenomena and processes. In the course of the study, other methods were also used, in particular: abstract-logical – to understand the patterns of development of the processes of economic globalization; generalization – to highlight the two prevailing approaches to the development of the industry and the market of floriculture products in different countries, international tools of the floriculture business, the formation of research conclusions, graphic – to visualize the results of the study. Such methods as abstraction, analogies, monographic, etc. were also widely used in the work. The results. The regularities of development of the processes of economic globalization in the world are analyzed and its significant impact on the state of the industry and the market of floriculture products is proved; two approaches (evolutionary and specialized) in the development of the floriculture industry in different countries are allocated; The most effective international tools of the floriculture business are summarized in 5 groups. Discussion. The key to effective post-war recovery of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy will be an emphasis on diversified sectoral development, in which the floriculture industry has proper potential. The successful use of globalization opportunities by the subjects of domestic floriculture will be facilitated by the establishment of elements of internal infrastructure along the chains of movement of floriculture products and the use of international tools of the floriculture business. This can be done more successfully through the use of measures of state and regional support of domestic producers, which will contribute to sectoral, regional and local development, solving the problem of employment, increasing the welfare of employed people and filling budgets of various levels, revealing the features of which it will be advisable to conduct separate scientific research. Keywords: floriculture, globalization, patterns, approaches to development, prospects, international instruments

India’s Commodity Derivatives Market: A Retrospective and Forward Outlook

This paper discusses the development of commodity derivatives trading in India over decades. It examines important changes in the law and regulation that have impacted the development of the commodity derivative market. The aim is to provide an in-depth understanding of the historical development, the current state of the Indian commodity derivatives market, and its prospects for the future. Though helpful information has been provided by extant literature, limited study has been performed concerning the recent developments that have taken place in commodity trading in India. A more in-depth analysis of commodities futures trading in India would thus serve to fill these gaps for this study. The changes brought about in commodity trading by the establishment of MCX and NCDEX had given plenty of opportunities. However, entry barriers and regulations are still in place, which creates an overarching need to maintain development in efficiency and transparency. Some of the major observations made here include increased volumes of options traded, the impact of regulations on trade, and the diversification of stock exchanges into commodities.

PUBLICATION OF AUCTION CATALOGS AS AN INSTRUMENT OF PUBLIC AUCTIONS OF ANTIQUE BOOKS AND THE FORMATION OF BOOK CULTURE IN UKRAINE AT THE END OF THE 18TH – BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY. IN THE CONTEXT OF WORLDWIDE DEVELOPMENT OF BOOK AUCTIONS

In Viktor Sokolov’s article "Publication of auction catalogs as a component of the formation of public auctions of antique books and the formation of book culture in Ukraine at the end of the 18th – at the beginning of the 21st century in the context of the global development of book auctions" on the basis of the analysis of primary sources and materials of scientific publications, the development of book auctions in the 17th–21st centuries is characterized in some leading countries of the world. The place and significance of publishing auction catalogs in the development of book printing and book trade in Ukraine in the 18th–21st centuries is analyzed. The importance of studying and highlighting the publication of auction catalogs for historical and bibliographic and historical and librarian studies has been clarified and substantiated. The purpose of the proposed article is to analyze and characterize the peculiarities of the formation and development of the publication of auction catalogs in the context of the formation of book auctions on the territory of Ukraine in the 18th–21st centuries against the background of the development of the antiquarian book trade at auctions in some developed countries of the world, as well as the study of the specifics of the creation, functioning and significance of auction catalog editions for historical-bibliographic and historical-library studies. The methodological basis of the proposed work was structural-functional and systemic approaches. In his work, the author widely used general scientific and historical research methods: comparison, analogy, deduction, induction, analysis; descriptive, analytical, typological methods, as well as historical-comparative, historical-genetic, historical-typological, chronological and other methods of scientific research. The scientific novelty of the study consists in expanding ideas about the features of creation, publication and functioning of auction catalogs of book auctions; in identifying and characterizing specific signs of the development of the publication of auction catalogs in the territory of Ukraine; in elucidating the essence of the concept of “auction catalog of book auctions” and in substantiating the importance of their study and significance in the activities of specialized divisions of leading libraries, as well as in the development of historical-bibliographic and library research. Conclusions. Auction catalogs are usually heavily illustrated and offer detailed descriptions of rare books, manuscripts, and other documents offered at book auction that may have significant bibliographic and bibliophile value. Highlighting the trends and peculiarities of the development of the book trade in some developed countries of the world and the analysis of auction catalogs printed on the territory of Ukraine made it possible to conclude that at the end of the 18th century there was a need to prepare and conduct auctions on the territory of the country, to establish the principles and organizational rules of their activity, which depended on the level and nature of the organization of the book trade, local cultural and educational needs, the level of development of the spheres of science, education and culture, on the nature and peculiarities of the domestic policies of the governments of the sovereign states in certain regions of Ukraine. The further development of book auctions in Ukraine shows their increasing differentiation and consistent progress. The proposed periodization of the formation of book auctions on the territory of Ukraine testifies to the sequence of origin and natural development of the auction trade in antique books in the country. However, the identified historical periods and stages of formation and the characteristics of their development indicate certain difficulties and contradictions in the evolution of both book auctions and the organization of publication of auction catalogs. The specifics of the development of book auctions and the publication of auction catalogs on the territory of Ukraine are determined by significant fluctuations in the rates of their quantitative and qualitative growth during a certain period of development. Only in the conditions of the development of independent statehood, in the country at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, the sustainable development of book auctions according to the Western European model takes place. The holding of two specialized book auctions of ancient Ukrainian books in Ukraine in 2016 shows that a certain steady demand for ancient Ukrainian books has already formed; that compatriots became more interested in the history of their country and appreciated the objects of its cultural heritage. However, this development of book auctions in the country is hindered by the lack of a regulatory framework for the auction book trade, the lack of a clear scheme for the examination and evaluation of antique books, a system of encouraging its collection, the insufficiency of spreading and raising the level of book culture, proper promotion of the role and importance of books in society in general. The characteristics of the development of book auctions show that under favorable conditions for the progress of library work, proper financing of activities and development of libraries, book auctions can serve as one of the sources of stocking specialized funds of leading libraries (primarily national) with old prints, manuscripts and other types of rare and valuable books as well as a certain way of freeing libraries from unnecessary duplicates. The sale of morally outdated editions, duplicates of ancient books allows the library to make room for new incomes, and also provides significant funds, which are needed by book collections to replenish the fund with new editions, equipment, etc. The analysis and characteristics of editions of auction catalogs that were created on the territory of Ukraine shows that the origin and development of book auctions in the country took place in accordance with the general laws and global trends of the evolution of book auctions: the correspondence of the scale, features and principles of the organization of book auctions to the level of development of the domestic book printing, book trade and general development of book culture; the dependence of indicators of quantitative characteristics of book auctions on the scale and pace of development of the book and library business, the spheres of science, education and culture as a whole; the connection of the development of specialization and species differentiation of the book trade with the characteristic features of the growth of book trade needs, the level and uniqueness of requests of certain categories of readers, bibliophiles, collectors, as well as the specifics of the activities of certain cultural and educational institutions. Auction catalogs, in addition to providing information about the interests and financial capabilities of booksellers, about the publishing aspirations of publishers, allow to determine the branch, language, geographical and other features of publications; their types and species; ways of distribution and residence; quantitative characteristics of distribution of individual publications; changes in the external form of the book; the material value of the book and the factors on which it depended; and also reflect many features of the book auction itself, its features, rules and principles.

К вопросу модернизации Улан-Баторской железной дороги

Purpose: analysis of the problem of the development of transport relations between Russia, Mongolia and China. Development of the border regions of the Russian Federation. Development of economic cooperation and strengthening of regional interconnection between Russia, Mongolia and China. Increasing the capacity and modernization of the Ulaanbaatar railroad infrastructure. Reconstruction of small artificial structures. Methods: a review of information from various sources on the construction of the Ulaanbaatar railroad, the current state of the main line, the prospects of development and the need to modernize the infrastructure was carried out. The source materials obtained from the owners of the infrastructure of the Ulan-Bator railroad were analyzed. Results: the article shows the advantages for the development of friendly relations between Russia, Mongolia and China in the case of modernization of the Ulaanbaatar railway. Modern design options of small artificial structures are proposed. Practical importance: the material obtained by the authors allows us to continue practical work on the further development and modernization of the Ulaanbaatar Railway, including potential infrastructure upgrades, improving conditions for passenger and cargo transportation. The practical implementation of solutions for the significant development of the Trans Mongolian Railway will lead to an unconditional improvement in the transport situation of one of the most important international corridors. As a result of attracting investments for the development of the transport system between the Russian Federation, Mongolia and the People's Republic of China, further development of trade, tourism and improvement of this important railway hub is expected, which also provides access to other Central Asian countries, providing opportunities for expanding economic cooperation and social development in the region

ARMENIAN-CHINESE RELATIONS: HISTORICAL FOUNDATIONS OF DEVELOPMENT AND ARMENIANS IN CHINA / ՀԱՅ- ՉԻՆԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՐԱԲԵՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ԶԱՐԳԱՑՄԱՆ ՊԱՏՄԱԿԱՆ ՀԻՄՔԵՐԸ ԵՎ ՉԻՆԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՀԱՅԵՐԸ

The multifaceted and diverse relations between Armenia and China have developed over a long historical period, and today they are manifested in new forms and actions, including the development of trade, economic, cultural, and diplomatic ties. In this article, the author attempts to present the reasons for the presence of Armenians in China, the formation of Armenian communities, their activities, and historical data on their existence and development, based on information and publications from various sources. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the approaches and opportunities for the development of Armenian-Chinese relations, discussed on various platforms, have been presented in the historical context, and an attempt has been made to identify the key directions and areas that remain relevant today.

Research on Artificial Intelligence and Trade in Emerging Markets - A Global Value Chain Perspective

From the perspective of global value chain, this paper explores the correlation between AI and emerging market trade, and analyzes how AI technology affects the trade structure of emerging market countries and their changing position in global value chain. Based on regression analysis and panel data analysis methods, the study comprehensively assesses the specific impact of AI on emerging market trade in terms of production efficiency, product quality, and market entry strategies.This paper proposes that emerging market countries should further strengthen the R&D and application of AI technology, optimize their industrial structure, and actively participate in the innovation cooperation of GVCs. The findings provide an important reference for policymakers to promote emerging market countries to achieve higher quality development in global trade.

Features of Iran’s Integration Efforts in Trade Relations with Russia

The relevance of this research is determined by the growing interest in integration processes in Eurasia and their impact on international trade relations, particularly in the context of the interaction between Russia and Iran. In the face of global economic challenges, Iran’s integration efforts within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) become a significant factor contributing to the development of foreign economic ties. The novelty of the study lies in the application of various econometric methods to the analysis of trade and integration between Iran and Russia.Aim. The purpose of this study is to study the impact of Iran’s integration process into the economies of the EAEU and SCO on the foreign trade relations between Russia and Iran.Tasks. The objectives of the research include calculating the trade complementarity index to assess the mutual complementarity of the trade profiles of Iran, Russia, and their trading partners, analyzing economic data and indicators of EAEU and SCO integration to gain a deeper understanding of Iran’s integration process into the regional economy and its implications for trade between Iran and Russia, as well as developing an econometric trade model to evaluate the influence of various factors, particularly those related to integration, on the trade turnover between Russia and Iran and other countries.Methods. The methods employed include econometric modeling of international trade using a gravity approach, calculating the trade complementarity index, and descriptive statistics.Results and Conclusions. The results demonstrate a low level of trade complementarity between the trade profiles of Russia and Iran, which may indicate a weak potential for trade development. Nevertheless, trade between Russia and Iran is at a low stage of development, and there is significant potential for growth in various areas. Iran’s successful efforts to integrate into the EAEU, the conclusion of a Temporary Agreement leading to the establishment of a free trade zone, and the Free Trade Agreement between the EAEU and Iran have become important incentives for increasing trade turnover and fulfilling existing potential. Econometric calculations show that the conclusion of free trade agreements and preferential trade agreements could lead to a multiple increase in trade turnover between Russia and Iran.

Буряты-проводники географических экспедиций как историко-культурный феномен

The names of the Buryat interpreters and guides who accompanied geographical expeditions in Central Asia in the late XIXth and early XXth centuries and were nominated for Russian and foreign awards for their achievements are known only to a few specialists today. The article attempts to analyze the origins of the phenomenon of Buryat guides. The author concludes that its emergence became possible due to the development of cross-border trade between Russia and China in Kyakhta, which by the mid-XIXth century, thanks to investments in culture and education, became not only a commercial but also an intellectual center of Asian Russia. In turn, this paved the way for the galaxy of talented Buryat guides who managed to remain deeply rooted in their own traditional culture while getting an access to the latest scientific knowledge of their time.

Optimization of Poverty Alleviation Programs Through the Classification of Village Characteristics Around the Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ)

The Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in Pujut District is a tourism SEZ with rapid development, projected to absorb 194,293 workers by 2037. However, there are still 7,749 households (37.56%) categorized as pre-prosperous in the surrounding rural areas. This study analyzes rural development strategies using cluster analysis (K-means) with 5 variables: number of pre-prosperous communities, tourism facilities, trade and service facilities, capital access facilities, and SME presence. The research grouped villages into 5 clusters with different focuses: SME and trade development, capital access and trade, tourism and local employment, entrepreneurship training, and optimization of capital access for trade. This clustering aims to streamline poverty alleviation programs around the Mandalika SEZ as a regulatory improvement that pays more attention to the social and economic aspects of the surrounding communities.

Экономическое значение внешней торговли Сирии и классификация влияющих на нее факторов

Foreign trade remains one of the most important economic activities in the Syrian national economy due to the acute need of this economy for foreign markets to sell manufactured products, provide foreign currency receipts necessary to support economic development plans, and meet the country’s need for foreign goods necessary for populations and to maintain production in various industries. The foreign trade of the Syrian Arab Republic (SAR), as shown in the article, is influenced by a number of factors – objective (geographical, climatic, resource), economic (internal, including production, transport and logistics, etc. and external, including sanctions against the Syrian Arab Republic, regional economic cooperation, etc.) and political (internal and external, including regional and global), which contribute to or limit its development. The author also highlights the commercial (foreign trade) policy pursued by the government to support foreign trade. The article presents a classification of these factors, as well as an analysis of quantitative indicators of foreign trade – exports, imports, trade turnover, export and import quotas, which allows to determine the degree of involvement of the national economy of the Syrian Arab Republic in world processes. The analysis of factors affecting Syrian foreign trade provides the author with the opportunity to interpret quantitative indicators of foreign trade, and the analysis of these indicators helps to interpret the current situation of Syrian foreign trade, which allowed the author to identify obstacles limiting the development of foreign trade of the Syrian Arab Republic, especially in the field of exports, and then propose some measures that could eliminate these obstacles

Research on Risk Management Strategies of Cross-Border Export E-commerce Enterprises in the Context of Information Technology

With the rapid development of information technology, the scale of cross-border export e-commerce has been continuously expanding and has become an important force driving the development of international trade. However, cross-border export e-commerce enterprises face a series of challenges in areas such as marketing, logistics, taxation, and information security. This paper aims to analyze the risks faced by cross-border export e-commerce enterprises in the context of information technology and proposes a series of countermeasures to help these enterprises establish a sound risk management and internal control system, ensuring the steady development of the cross-border export e-commerce industry.

THE IMPACT OF THE PANAMA CANAL DISRUPTIONS ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE

Tamari Poladashvili E-mail: tamari.poladashvili@bsu.edu.ge Assistant Professor, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7597-7997 Iakob Makharadze E-mail: Iakob.makharadze0104@gmail.com Master of Economics, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University Batumi, Georgia Abstract: Maritime transport hubs are vital for the development of international trade. Their disruptions can have far-reaching effects on global trade. The Panama Canal is one of the most important ports in the world. Due to the drought caused by the El Niño phenomenon in 2023, due to the record low depth of Lake Gatuna, the Panama Canal Agency imposed restrictions on daily transits, which significantly reduced the volume of transported cargo, significantly changed the scale of international trade and negatively affected the trade indicator of Central and South American countries due to restrictions imposed on ships crossing the channel. Some have to use alternative routes, which causes cargo delays, further strains international supply chains, increases transportation costs and freight prices. The purpose of the article is to research the impact of restrictions imposed in the Panama Canal from 2023 on such aspects of international trade as: maritime trade routes, transportation costs, pressure on supply chains, impact on regional economies, and others. Quantitative analysis of primary, secondary and tertiary sources is used in the article. The discussed issue is multi-layered and located at the intersection of several disciplines, which requires consideration of many factors. The study focuses on those variables that provide the clearest picture of the impact on aspects of international trade following the imposition of restrictions on transit through the Panama Canal. Statistical data is compiled from reports in the Panama Canal Agency database, data posted on PortWatch, and others. Cross-referencing of information from different sources was used to confirm the accuracy and reliability of the findings. It was possible to find and confirm common findings in the research process by comparing data obtained from different types of sources through the triangulation technique. The study found that the Panama Canal restrictions are less burdensome for container ships, crude oil tankers and LNG tankers because they agree to pay additional fees to book transit through the canal. The imposed restrictions are more severe on ships with low operating costs and prefer to use alternative trade routes. Key words: International trade, International trade policy, Competition, International trade organizations. JEL classification: F1, F2, F13

The main components of international recognition of national standards, calibration, and measurement capabilities

International recognition of measurement results improves the development of international trade, science, and technology. It helps to reduce technical barriers in international trade, improve product quality, and increase confidence in calibration and testing laboratories. The recognition of national standards is critical for ensuring global metrological consistency between countries and ensuring international confidence in carried out measurements. National standards are subject to comparison with the standards of other countries. National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) are responsible for establishing and maintaining national standards of units of measurement and ensuring their compliance with international standards. The results of comparisons of national standards, review, and adoption of calibration and measurement capabilities (CMC) of NMIs and DIs are published in the special Key Comparison Database (KCDB) of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). An analysis of the current state of implementation of the Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) of the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) — CIPM MRA was carried out. The basis of this analysis is the results of key and supplementary comparisons of national standards, structured by regional metrological organizations (RMOs), types of measurements, as well as CMC of NMIs and DIs both by RMOs and types of measurements and by countries. The place of Ukraine in the implementation of the CIRM MRA Agreement is shown.

The Impact of Economic Freedom and International Tourism on International Trade: An Empirical Study in Asian Countries

The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of economic freedom and the development of international tourism on international trade, encompassing exports, imports, and total trade. The research sample includes 22 Asian countries over the period from 1995 to 2020. The study employs the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) for estimating the research models. Results indicate that economic freedom, business freedom, and trade freedom play a crucial role in international trade activities (both exports and imports). Furthermore, the development of international tourism also demonstrates a significantly positive impact on trade (both exports and imports). The study suggests that policies towards economic openness, increasing economic freedom, business freedom, and trade freedom should be carefully considered and promoted within the trade development strategies of nations. Additionally, economic policies should also focus on solutions to attract international tourists not only as a source of foreign currency but also as a support to foster the development of trade.

НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ И ЗАЩИТЫ ДИССЕРТАЦИОННЫХ РАБОТ (ИСТОРИКО-ПРАВОВОЙ АНАЛИЗ)

The article analyzes the process of formation of university education, which began in Europe in the XII century in connection with the growth of cities, the development of workshop production and trade and industrial relations. It is noted that universities were created as free corporations, they paid great attention to the teaching of legal sciences. Simultaneously with the formation of universities, a system of defending dissertations for academic degrees is being formed. In Russia the process of formation of university education began later – in the XVIII century. Scientists who were awarded academic degrees, in accordance with the Table of Ranks, had the right to hold certain positions. The process of awarding academic degrees was under state control, which was reflected in decrees, government regulations and university charters. In Imperial Russia, dissertations on legal sciences represented deep scientific research, which has not lost its significance to this day.

Analisis Tipologi Permukiman Kawasan Industri di Kecamatan Sandubaya Kota Mataram

Abstrak. Kecamatan Sandubaya ialah salah satu kawasan peruntukan industri di Kota Mataram yang dikembangkan sebagai pendukung pengembangan kawasan perdagangan dan jasa dengan konsep superblok. Aktifitas industri yang beragam memberikan dampak pada tingginya jumlah penduduk di kecamatan Sandubaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui tipologi permukiman kawasan industri di Kecamatan Sandubaya sehingga dapat dilakukan penanganan permasalahan permukiman berdasarkan karakteristik tipologi permukimannya. Metode penelitian ini yakni deskriptif kuantitatif dan analisis spasial, dengan memanfaatkan citra penginderaan jauh sebagai sumber data utama yang akan diolah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG). Hasilnya ialah terdapat delapan tipe permukiman yang di dominasi oleh tipe empat dimana tipe tersebut memiliki karakteristik tingkat kekumuhan ringan, kualitas lingkungan permukiman, kepadatan penduduk rendah, tingkat pendidikan masyarakat SD-SMA, mata pencaharian masyarakat sebagai petani, pedagang dan industri yang tersebar hampir di seluruh blok lingkungan permukiman. Abstract. Sandubaya sub-district area is one of the designated industrial areas in Mataram City which developed as a support for the development of trade and service areas with the superblock concept. Various industrial activities have an impact on the high number of residents in the Sandubaya sub-district. The purpose of this research is to find out the typology of industrial area settlements in Sandubaya District so that settlement problems can be handled based on the characteristics of the settlement typology. This research method is quantitative descriptive and spatial analysis, by utilizing remote sensing as the main data source which will be processed using a Geographic Information System (GIS). The result is that there are eight types of settlements which are dominated by type four where these types have the characteristics of a mild slum level, moderate settlement environmental quality, low population density, elementary-high school community education level, community livelihoods as farmers, traders and industries and that are spread almost all over the city in residential blocks.

Institutional support for the regulation of international digital trade at the present stage

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the rapid development of the digital economy and the increasing significance of digital trade, which necessitates the improvement of institutional support for its regulation. The multilateral system for regulating international digital trade faces numerous challenges, such as differences in regulatory approaches, the digital divide between developed and developing countries, and uncertainty in terminology. The article examines key institutions and their roles in regulating digital trade, as well as issues related to internal regulation and the impact of legislation at the global level. The aim of the article is to identify and analyze existing problems in the regulation of international digital trade and to develop recommendations for improving the institutional support of this area. Emphasis is placed on the need for a detailed investigation into the impact of internal regulations and international institutions on the development of digital trade, which will help identify key factors that either promote or hinder its growth. A comparative analysis of the impact of EU legislation on digital trade in various regions of the world provides valuable insights into the global influence of European regulations. The effectiveness of various digital trade rule templates proposed by both developed WTO member countries and developing countries is examined. Significant attention is paid to issues related to discrepancies in the regulation of privacy, data protection, law enforcement access, and national security. The challenges faced by the WTO regime are discussed, particularly regarding the issue of a moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions and the impact of digital taxes on services. The article also considers the rapid digital transformation as both new opportunities for economic development and regulatory challenges that could overshadow these opportunities. The importance of international cooperation, dialogue, and regulatory harmonization is emphasized to ensure inclusive and stable digital development in all countries around the world.

ТОРГОВО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВО РОССИИ СО СТРАНАМИ БРИКС: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ

The article presents the history of the BRICS development, reveals the composition of the BRICS, analyzes the state of trade and economic relations between Russia and the BRICS countries, and systematizes the directions for further development of trade and economic cooperation

The Impact of Digital Trade on the Export Competitiveness of Enterprises—An Empirical Analysis Based on Listed Companies in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

With the in-depth development of globalization and informatization, digital trade, as an emerging form of trade, is gradually reshaping the global economic landscape and becoming a new engine for driving economic growth. Among them, the impact of digital trade on the export competitiveness of enterprises in developing countries has become a common concern in academia. To reveal the causal relationship between the development of digital trade and the enhancement of export competitiveness in developing countries, this paper first constructs a theoretical model based on product quality heterogeneity and analyzes the impact of digital trade on the export competitiveness of enterprises on the basis of achieving supply and demand equilibrium; then, this paper constructs a comprehensive index system for measuring digital trade and enterprise export competitiveness, and establishes an empirical analysis model; on this basis, this paper uses the data of listed companies in the A-share market in the Yangtze River Economic Belt area from 2011 to 2021 for empirical analysis. The results of the empirical analysis show that for every one-unit increase in the level of digital trade development in the region, there will be a positive impact of 0.9041 units on the export competitiveness of enterprises. After a series of robustness tests and endogeneity analyses, the above empirical results are confirmed to be robust and reliable. Furthermore, this paper conducts a heterogeneity analysis and finally puts forward corresponding policy recommendations based on the above theoretical and empirical research results.

Research on legal regulation of invasive alien species in China

With the vigorous development of international trade and the in-depth advancement of economic globalization, China is facing the increasingly serious problem of invasive alien species, which poses a major threat to China’s ecological environment, economic development and human health. At present, although China has a comprehensive institutional norms in the prevention and control of invasion of alien species, but in the face of the challenge of invasion of alien species, China is still facing problems such as insufficient legal basis and imperfect specific legal system. Based on this understanding, this paper discusses the prevention and control of invasive alien species legal regulation, that although in recent years China has made certain achievements in the field of prevention and control of invasive alien species, but still faces a number of problems to be solved, should promote the relevant legislative amendments, and combined with the experience of developed countries to summarize the perfect.