Development Of Social Entrepreneurship Research Articles

Linkage between Entrepreneurial Competency and Social Entrepreneurship: Evidences from SMEs in Kerala

Social entrepreneurs initiate social innovation and transformation in different fields such as education, health, environment, finance and even business management. They are keen in pursuing poverty alleviation goals while undertaking various activities with entrepreneurial zeal, business methods and exhibit the courage and commitment to renovate and transform traditional practices. The present study was conducted with a view to find out the extent to which entrepreneurial competency supports the development of social entrepreneurship and to develop a model explaining the linkage between entrepreneurial competency and social entrepreneurship. The methodology adopted in the study was a combination of exploratory, descriptive and explanatory research designs. Findings of present study pinpoint the statistically significant direct positive relationship between the two variables. Policy makers, while designing various training and development programs for micro entrepreneurs, can focus on various entrepreneurial competency factors, which can potentially contribute to the characteristic of social entrepreneurship among them.

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN BULGARIA

Social economy and social entrepreneurship are subject to special attention from the European Commission (EC), particularly in recent years. This is due to their potential to find solutions to society's problems related to the creation of sustainable jobs, facilitating social and occupational integration, provision of social services and improving the quality of life, including the fight against poverty and social exclusion. Current paper makes analyses of the main strategic and policy documents supporting social entrepreneurship development in Bulgaria.

(Social Entrepreneurship Development in Bulgaria)

Bulgarian Abstract: Насърчаването на иновативни идеи в обществената политика е от решаващо значение за подкрепа на ценностите на активната социална система, ориентиранa към проблемите, които решава. Тези възгледи са в основата на продължаващите социални реформи в различните страни и са насочени към развитието на социалното предприемачество и ролята на социалните предприемачи. Приема се разбирането, че социал- ните предприемачи имат способността чрез локализиране на използваеми ресурси – човешки капитал, сгради и оборудване, да намерят гъвкави подходи за задоволяване на незадоволени с циални нужди. Представеното в статията изследване дава важни заключения за състоянието на социалното предприемачество в България и начините за неговото насърчаване, като поставя специален акцент върху необходимата подкрепа и изграждане на капацитет. English Abstract: The promotion of innovative ideas in public policy is crucial to support the values of the active and problem-oriented solving social system. These views underlie the ongoing social reforms in various countries and focus on the development of social entrepreneurship and the role of social entrepreneurs. An understanding is underlined that namely social entrepreneurs have the capability through localization of usable resources - human capital, buildings and equipment, to find flexible approaches to satisfy unmet social needs. The study presented in the article provides important implications on the state of the social entrepreneurship in Bulgaria and ways of its encouragement putting a special accent on the needed support and building capacity.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF LITHUANIA

The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of Lithuania. The paper thė tendencies of social entrepreneurship in Lithuania, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve sit-uation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Lithuanian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in-novation, but the a lot remains to be improved. The roots of family business go back only above 20 years and have rather poor traditions in Lithuania. It is tightly related to rural areas especially than agriculture economies are acting as family farms with potential of young social businesses.

Analysis of the Process of Social Entrepreneurship in Bulgaria

In the last decade the concept of development and promotion of social economy and social entrepreneurship are part of EU policy to tackle the social exclusion of persons in a vulnerable position. Also, the model of social economy is one of the key instruments for achieving social objectives within the framework of the sustainable and inclusive growth.

On the issue of the development of social entrepreneurship in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra

The article considers tendencies of development of social entrepreneurship at the present stage and assesses the development activities of social entrepreneurs. Highlights the main directions of development of social entrepreneurship of Yugra and identified the priorities and key tasks.

How to Succeed with Film Production in the Regions?

Abstract This article explores what two regional film production companies in Norway do to survive and succeed with their goals. The production of feature films in Norway is largely an Oslo-based effort, but despite this reality, there are companies in the regions that produce feature films. The analysis draws on semi-structured interviews with eight employees in two companies. Mer Film has in relatively short time managed to attract talented directors and establish networks with international, critically acclaimed production companies. Filmbin was one of the first film companies in Norway who committed themselves to the production of films for children. The article shows that success must be related to context and that reputation, talent development and choice of genre, geographical location, networking and social capital, risk diversification, entrepreneurship, organizational culture and leadership, are essential factors for the companies.

Barriers of Social Entrepreneurship Development – A Case Study of the Czech Republic

ABSTRACTSocial entrepreneurship (SE) began to be strongly supported in Central and Eastern European countries during the programming period of 2007–2013. However, the level of SE development still lags behind developed countries. The paper focuses on the identification of barriers to SE development in the Czech Republic and recommendations for policymaking. The value added is the adaptation of the Community of Practice on Inclusive Entrepreneurship methodology and its verification. A limited range of financial support options and a lack of interest of banks to improve the availability of loans were identified as main barriers to the development of SE.

Social security as part of the national security system of Bulgaria

<i>Social security and social entrepreneurship are subject to special attention from the European Commission (EC), particularly in recent years. This is due to their potential to find solutions to society’s problems related to the creation of sustainable jobs, facilitating social and occupational integration, provision of social services and improving the quality of life, including the fight against poverty and social exclusion. The current paper analyses the main strategic and policy documents supporting social security and social entrepreneurship development in Bulgaria.<i>

Komunikasi Partisipatif dalam Konteks Kewirausahaan Sosial pada Program Pertanian Padi Organik di Pandeglang

Farmers welfare needs extra attention from agricultural development stakeholders. SRI's organic rice farming program implemented by the Harapan Dhuafa (Harfa) humanitarian agency in Parigi Village, Saketi Sub-district, Pandeglang District, Banten Province has scored social change agents. The steps taken by Harfa in running the program is through participatory communication approach in the process of adoption of organic rice farming innovation SRI method. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of beneficiary individuals and to analyze the relationship of individual beneficiary characteristics, the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship, so that participatory communication in the context of social entrepreneurship can be well described in the organic rice farming program SRI. Research results show participative communication in the development of organic rice farming SRI method has a positive impact for the development of social entrepreneurship in Parigi Village. Through intensive participatory communication, the farmers actively engage in dialogue, arguing to reflect the results of the training/field schools in their respective fields. The emergence of individual beneficiary character in organic rice farming in increasing income and also awareness in improving environmental quality and health by producing and consuming organic rice. Based on the analysis using chi square correlation showed that there is no real relationship between the characteristics of individual beneficiaries with the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship. That is, the characteristics of individual beneficiaries is not a benchmark in an effort to increase organic rice farming methods SRI. Factors that have major influence on the intensity of participatory communication, the perception of program benefits and the level of social entrepreneurship.

Yaowawit School Kapong

The tsunami of December 2004 caused widespread devastation in the southern part of Thailand. After the tragedy, the Yaowawit School Kapong was founded with the aims to provide education and living support to needy children. This public welfare boarding school has been completely funded by partners and donors from all over the world via the Children's World Academy Foundation. However, a major question looms: For how long can the school continue to financially rely on charitable help? Because of this challenge, from the beginning the school's projects have been created to offer a practical education for the children and also generate income to cover the costs of running the school. One of these projects is the Yaowawit Lodge, which was developed to serve as the essential income-generating unit and to provide children with practical training in the hospitality business, the most promising job opportunity in this part of Thailand. Because of its unique character as a for-profit unit within a non-profit organization, Yaowawit Lodge must find ways to target niche customers, position itself in the market, and deliver marketing strategies accordingly. Additional challenges it faces include the location, which is far from the popular tourist areas; market perceptions concerning the combination of a primary school and a hotel; and the child labor issue.(1) To learn about a sustainable development of social entrepreneurship and education (2) To explore and seek opportunities in hospitality business; (3) To formulate niche marketing, targeting, and positioning strategies; (4) To deal with the challenges of organization constraints and market perceptions.

Social entrepreneurship supported by creative economy

Social entrepreneurship is a multidimensional and dynamic structure that moves between public and private sectors and volunteering. One of the biggest problems facing all countries of the world today is the reduction of unemployment, primarily youth and socially vulnerable categories. With the same problem - the countries of the Western Balkans face, including Serbia. The high unemployment rate of socially vulnerable and young people results in negative implications because they face difficulties in finding a job. Unemployment is an important indicator that has both social and economic dimensions. From an economic perspective, unemployment can be viewed as exploiting the capacity of the workforce. Social entrepreneurship helps create new jobs, develop new skills, the opportunities of unemployed and vulnerable people to participate in society and the economy. The main goal of this paper is to point out the fact that social entrepreneurship is an opportunity to encourage the development of the local community and the national economy. Particular emphasis is on the development of social entrepreneurship of the young, because an effective strategy for preparing young people implies that they are not only educated, but also highly educated with leadership skills that can be raised at an entrepreneurial level and will thus be active creators of the economy in the future, especially emphasizes the potential and contribution of a new - creative economy in the development of social entrepreneurship.

Challenges to Social Entrepreneurship Development in Bulgaria

The promotion of innovative ideas in public policy is crucial to support the values of an activeorientedproblem solving social system. These views underlie the ongoing social reforms in various countriesand focus on the development of social entrepreneurship and the role of social entrepreneurs. An understandingis underlined that namely social entrepreneurs have the capability through localization of usable resources -human capital, buildings and equipment, to find flexible approaches to satisfy unmet social needs. Socialentrepreneurship is identified at the European Union (EU) as a key instrument for regional cohesion andovercoming the problems of poverty and social exclusion. As part of its policy to promote the social economyand social innovation, social entrepreneurship contribute to achieving the strategic goals set in 2020. The studypresented in the article provides important implications on the state of the social entrepreneurship in Bulgariaand ways of its encouragement putting a special accent on the needed support and building capacity.

EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN COMMUNITIES BASED ON BEHAVIORAL THEORY

The article is devoted to the study of the role of social entrepreneurship in solving socio-economic problems of territorial communities. The authors analyzed the opportunities for the development of social entrepreneurship in the territorial community on the basis of the author's questionnaire. An empirical study has shown that social entrepreneurship in the community is underdeveloped. Survey participants demonstrate an understanding of the meaning of social entrepreneurship, their views are radically different from the views of experts and experts. Today's entrepreneurs see their mission in supporting socially vulnerable groups, helping to strengthen families and raising children, and preventing negative social phenomena. The analysis of the results of the survey shows the existence of gender problems due to the increased burden of family and household problems in the first place. From the point of view of gender features, the development of women's social entrepreneurship will be more conducive to overcoming social problems in society. Emphasis is placed on the fact that understanding the essence of social entrepreneurship in society will help to introduce new tools for socio-economic solutions that can be more effective than traditional ones. It has been proven that the success of social entrepreneurship at the local level is largely based on the perception of its community members and the understanding that the result of social enterprise is to improve the quality of life of community members by finding new ways to solve social problems. Community members' work on social entrepreneurship can "encourage" them to think about value orientations and opportunities to help the disadvantaged. It is the change in the behavioral patterns of community members that can become one of the components of the mechanism for the development of social entrepreneurship in our country at the local level. The authors propose to expand cooperation with local authorities in order to improve attitudes towards social entrepreneurship as an alternative to solving problems.

Social Entrepreneurship in Bulgaria and Europe

In the last decade the concept of development and promotion of social economy and social entrepreneurship are part of the EU policy to tackle the social exclusion of persons in a vulnerable position. Also, the model of social economy is one of the key instruments for achieving social objectives within the framework of the sustainable and inclusive growth. Social benefits are measured by integration and employment of disadvantaged people, the contribution to the process of social inclusion of other vulnerable people, and the economic indicator is expressed by saved public funds for social welfare, on the one hand, and the additional funds compensating the social costs of long-term unemployment. What is important to happen is to create suitable conditions for the development of social enterprises with the widest possible range - vulnerable groups themselves and their problems are diverse and different, and the answer to their needs must be flexible in order to be efficient and effective; the way to solutions is not important - the paths may be different, as are diverse and vast opportunities for economic initiatives that leads to the result itself, the result is important - better integration and sustainable tackling of social exclusion.

Znaczenie roli władz samorządowych w kształtowaniu partycypacji obywatelskiej

Civic participation means citizens’ active participation in governance. The need of its development results from the necessity of enrichment and complement traditional mechanisms of representative democracy. Civic participation comprises four categories of engagement in public life: public action, public involvement, electoral participation and obligatory participation. The paper concentrates on public’ involvement, meaning these actions which are initiated and controlled by public authorities. It is assumed that civic participation has the strongest rooting in local environment and should be one of the local government’s constant elements. Institutionalized rules of participation practice are among factors conditioning public activity. They are often optional, therefore their usage and functioning depend on local authorities and by introduction of the principles of local governance. Theoretical assumptions on tools and models of public participation became the basis of the research conducted among local government units. The results show that less than 2% of government units remain on the level of information, further 5% rank on the level of information acquisition and almost 3/4 of the communities reaches the level of consultations. Co-decision appeared in only 8.5% of the communities. The article presents two research assumptions 1) the level of participation depends on the type of the community, and 2) the higher civic participation level the greater development of social participation and entrepreneurship. The results of analysis confirmed these assumptions.

Are some cultures more favourable for social entrepreneurship than others?

The goal of this paper is to examine whether certain national cultural dimensions facilitate or hamper social entrepreneurship. The paper offers a conceptualisation of the possible associations between Hofstede’s cultural dimensions and social entrepreneurial activity as defined by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, along with its empirical testing across more than 40 countries around the world. Based on correlation analysis that was controlled for the countries’ level of economic development, there appears to be a negative association between the national power distance level and social entrepreneurial activity. In addition, the rate of young social entrepreneurial ventures is associated with lower levels of masculinity. The cultural dimensions of individualism and uncertainty avoidance have no direct linear association with social entrepreneurial activities of any kind. In factor-driven economies, lower levels of masculinity appear to support the development of social entrepreneurship. On the other hand, in innovation-driven economies, social entrepreneurial ventures emerge more often in those cultures characterised by short-term orientation and indulgence.

NEW MOTIVES AND MODELS FOR CREATION SOCIAL BUSINESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

The article presents the overview of the approaches and models, which are important in determination of social entrepreneurship driving forces. The research problem is arised for getting more wide view about activities and motivation issues of social entrepreneurs in the Republic of Belarus. The research aims to examine the individual features and motives of social entrepreneurs in profile of their personality related to appropriate business models for social entrepreneurship development. The broad and narrow approaches are used to get an answer about the perspectives of social entrepreneurship in this country. The objectives of research are arised as follow: 1) define approaches of social entrepreneurs‘ for individual profiling; 2) describe the motives of entrepreneurs to start activities for social business; 3) highlight the business models of social enterprises‘ establishment. The methods of research: monographic, descriptive and meta-analysis of scientific literature. As well as the analysis of the empirical data is produced by in-depth interviews with the heads of organizations and enterprises engaged in social entrepreneurship in the Republic of Belarus (in-depth interviews were conducted in the period from 15th August to 15th November 2015, and 10 experts were involved). The key findings of research: marked a „broad“ and „narrow“ approaches for higlighting the profile of social entrepreneurs; approved the consequences that social entrepreneurs are high motivated and biased towards achieving socially beneficial purposes rather than material well-being; identified the circumstances about the existance of individual and organizational models for establishment social enterprises.

(Conceptual and Normative Bases for Development of Social Entrepreneurship in Bulgaria)

Bulgarian Abstract: Социалната икономика заема сериозен дял от европейската икономика. Като ключов компонент на европейския социален модел социалните предприятия са устойчиви и ефективни в условията на криза. Социалните ползи от тях се измерват главно с интеграцията и реинтеграцията на хората в неравностойно положение в обществения живот, а икономическите и финансовите резултати - със спестяването на значителни публични средства, отделяни за социални помощи и обезщетения. В последните години ЕК започна създаването на политическа рамка в подкрепа на социалната икономика и социалното предприемачество, която намери израз в редица политически документи, очертаващи границите и възможностите за тяхното развитие. Във всички европейски документи социалното предприятие е припознато като ключов компонент на гражданското общество и на Европейския социален модел. Подчертава се, че социалните предприятия са неразделна част от широкото гражданско общество и основен компонент на сектора на социалната икономика, които трябва да бъдат подкрепени политически и финансово в своята цялост. При анализирането на инициативите, насочени към социалното предприемачество, се смята за необходимо то да бъде разгледано в контекста на по- широкото понятие за социално предприятие, тъй като са необходими мерки на всеки етап от неговия жизнен цикъл. Тъй като определенията в отделните страни се различават, социалното предприятие следва да се опише въз основа на общи характеристики като социални цели, реинвестиране на печалбите, многообразие от правни форми и начини на участие на заинтересованите страни. Приоритети за социалните предприятия са осигуряването на по-добър достъп до капитал и специално пригодени финансови инструменти. Комисията и държавите-членки следва да насърчават създаването на специфични програми за подкрепа за развитие на социалните предприятия и следващото поколение социални предприемачи. English Abstract: The social economy takes a substantial share of the European economy. As a key component of the European social model social enterprises are sustainable and effective in conditions of crisis. The social benefits of them are measured primarily by the integration and reintegration of disadvantaged people in society and economic and financial results - a significant saving of public funds allocated for social benefits. In recent years, the European Commission began setting a policy framework for the social economy and social entrepreneurship, which found expression in a number of policy documents outlining the limits and opportunities for their development. In all European documents the social enterprise is identified as a key component of civil society and the European social model. It is stressed that social enterprises are an integral part of the wider civil society and a major component of the social economy sector, which must be supported politically and financially in its entirety. When exploring initiatives promoting social entrepreneurship, it is considered necessary for it to be viewed in the context of the wider notion of social enterprise since actions are needed at every stage of its life cycle. Since the definitions in different countries vary, social enterprise should be described on the basis of shared characteristics such as social objectives, reinvestment of profits, a variety of legal forms and ways of stakeholder participation. Priorities for social enterprises are providing better access to capital and tailored finance instruments. The Commission and member states should encourage the creation of specific programs to support the development of social enterprises and the next generation of social entrepreneurs.

Social entrepreneurship in the system of social policy: International experience and prospects of Russia

The article deals with a relatively new phenomenon for Russia, i.e., social entrepreneurship. Based on an analysis of international experience in the development of social enterprises, their characteristics have been studied, the advantages and risks in support of social enterprise in meeting the social needs have been revealed, and the problems and prospects of development of social entrepreneurship in Russia have been discussed.