Development Of Import Substitution Research Articles

СОСТОЯНИЕ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА МЯСА В РОССИИ

The meat and meat products’ main value lies in protein abundance, that is the main building material for human body. The meat main types’ production in the world in 2015-2023 is considered. The Russian meat production’s analysis in 2015-2023 is given. The main types of meat of all categories total production in slaughter weight in Russian farms in 2023 is as follows: poultry meat - 50,2%, pork - 42,9%, cattle meat - 6,7%, the other types of meat - 0,2%. Pork meat the greatest growth dynamics in recent years has shown. The data on Russian federal districts for meat production in 2023 are presented, the largest meat producers’ rating has been compiled. The meat production leaders among the regions were noted. The level of selfsufficiency with the main types of meat in Russia is given. Analyzing the Russian main types of meat selfsufficiency’s level, it can be noted that it over the period from 2015 till 2023 has constantly increased; in 2023 it reached 101,6%, that is in 14,3% higher than in 2015. With the Russian domestic meat production’s growth, its consumption is also growing: in 2023, it in 2,3% relative to the level of 2022 had increased and reached a record high of 80,8 kg per person per year. The Russian meat production’s prediction in near future is given. One of the meat industry’s priorities in the near future - consumers’ products availability maintaining. To do this, we need to continue to technological development engaging - all business processes’ digital transformation. Logistics, that the industry sustainability determining and production cost affecting, an important factor has remained. Also the genetics and cattle breeding directly related to import substitution development, can be highlighted among the priorities.

Import substitution processesin Russian industry: theoretical and practical aspects

Purpose: of the work is to study the main aspects of Russian import substitution in the context of modern political transformations. Methods: the work uses a systematic approach, the induction-deduction method, the method of assessments and scientific abstractions, the method of classification and systematization, the methods of information analysis and synthesis, the statistical method and the method of data visualization.Results: the author's definition of the term "import substitution" is revealed, which differs from the rest by focusing on the production of innovative and high-tech products both in the domestic and foreign markets with the full support of the state. The problematic issues hindering the development of import substitution processes and reducing the effectiveness of this process in the Russian Federation are identified, which can be overcome and solved if we take into account the world experience of successful import substitution and analyze the indicators of the innovation policy of the Russian economy over the past few years. The key features of import substitution as an economic process are highlighted using statistical information on the share of high-tech products of knowledge-intensive industries in the country's GDP under sanctions. The problems hindering the development and reducing the effectiveness of import substitution processes in the Russian Federation are also disclosed, as well as ways to solve them based on world practice are substantiated. Possible trajectories of the state policy for the development of import substitution have been identified.Conclusions and Relevance: the essence of import substitution should take into account both socio-economic and political factors, which will allow the state to develop steadily in the economic and industrial spheres. Measures to increase the competitiveness of products produced on the domestic market can be the modernization of the technological base of an industrial enterprise, an increase in its efficiency indicators and an emphasis on the production of goods that can withstand healthy competition and have increased added value. When implementing the import substitution policy, it is necessary to improve the industrial complex of Russia and transition to an innovative type of economic development model.

ТРЕНДЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОТРАСЛИ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В СТРАНАХ ЕВРАЗИЙСКОГО ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СОЮЗА

The contribution of the agricultural sector to the formation of the gross domestic product of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union is not the same. According to the official data of the Eurasian Economic Commission, the contribution of agriculture to the GDP of Kyrgyzstan in 2021 was 17%, Armenia — 12,8%, Belarus — 7,8%, Kazakhstan — 5,5%, Russian Federation — 4,3%. In total, the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union have 317 million hectares of agricultural land (which is approximately 15% of the world scale), about 189 million hectares of arable land (which reaches 11% of the world value). The overall level of plowing of agricultural land in the EAEU countries is about 60%. In the total structure of the gross agricultural output of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union, the largest share both in 2017 and in 2021 belongs to the Russian Federation (about 80%), then to Kazakhstan (10–11%), the Republic of Belarus (5–6%), Armenia and Kyrgyzstan (2% each). All ongoing processes in the economic development of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union are to some extent similar. The agrarian policy of the Eurasian Economic Union should be aimed at a radical increase in labor productivity and the growth of exports of processed agricultural products to friendly countries. It is necessary to ensure the processing of raw materials and enter the world markets with high-quality finished products. The main direction for strengthening the Eurasian Economic Union should be: 1) the development of a powerful and modern production and marketing foundation based on cooperation, integration and international scientific cooperation; 2) implementation of a coordinated policy in the agro-industrial complex and agriculture; 3) improving the quality of products, the development of import substitution; 4) attraction of competitive, extraordinary-thinking personnel; 5) systematic introduction of innovations. The food market of the Eurasian Economic Union is a self-sufficient, resource-provided market, developing processing technologies in which you can get a decent economic benefit.

ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ САНКЦИЙ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ, РИСКИ, РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ

The article deals with the development of import substitution in the Russian economy. It is noted that import substitution is a type of economic strategy and industrial policy of the state and economic entities aimed at protecting domestic producers by replacing imported industrial goods and technologies with products of national production. The areas in which it is first of all necessary to establish local production are determined. Such areas include electronic, light, pharmaceutical, as well as heavy industry, aircraft construction, shipbuilding, radio electronics and others. It is noted that the main reason for the lag of these areas is the lack of analogues of the necessary equipment of domestic production. A special role is played by the fact that all imported equipment used in Russian production will soon need to be repaired, since the supply of new equipment is closed, however, and it is not possible to purchase original spare parts from Western suppliers. It is also necessary to establish work in the field of metalworking, due to the fact that this problem will soon affect oil and gas production. The positive and negative aspects for the Russian economy are determined, taking into account the emphasis of our economic system on domestic production. t is concluded that the protectionist economic policy will allow developing its own technical and technological bases and related areas, however, along with this, negative factors of the introduction of import substitution policy can be noted, such as a sharp increase in prices, loss of sales markets, their reorientation, prolonged terms of setting up its own production and others.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ И ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ, ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ И ДРУГОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ ЧАСТЬ 3. ОЦЕНКА ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ КИТАЙСКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ПО РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ СТАНКОСТРОЕНИЯ, ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ И ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries, in the context of the escalating struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti–Russian sanctions, in the interests of the commodity potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products. Based on statistical data, an approach is proposed to assess the prospects for expanding these trade and economic ties in the current conditions, which allows us to forecast the development of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation. The results of the assessment of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China in the context of relations between the countries of the “strategic triangle” Russia – China – the United States, as well as other countries, can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People's Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ И ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ, ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ И ДРУГОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. Часть 1. Оценка товарного потенциала импортозамещения продукции станкостроения, приборостроения и электронной продукции

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries, in the context of the escalating struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti–Russian sanctions, in the interests of the commodity potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products. Based on statistical data, an approach is proposed to assess the prospects for expanding these trade and economic ties in the current conditions, which allows us to forecast the development of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation. The results of the assessment of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China in the context of relations between the countries of the “strategic triangle” Russia – China – the United States, as well as other countries, can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People's Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ И ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ, ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ И ДРУГОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. ЧАСТЬ 4. ОЦЕНКА ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ КИТАЙСКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ПО РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ И ДРУГОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries, in the context of the escalating struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti–Russian sanctions, in the interests of the commodity potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products. Based on statistical data, an approach is proposed to assess the prospects for expanding these trade and economic ties in the current conditions, which allows us to forecast the development of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation. The results of the assessment of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China in the context of relations between the countries of the “strategic triangle” Russia – China – the United States, as well as other countries, can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People's Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ И ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ, ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ И ДРУГОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. Часть 2. Оценка товарного потенциала импортозамещения продукции транспортного машиностроения и другой промышленной продукции

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries, in the context of the escalating struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti–Russian sanctions, in the interests of the commodity potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products. Based on statistical data, an approach is proposed to assess the prospects for expanding these trade and economic ties in the current conditions, which allows us to forecast the development of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation. The results of the assessment of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China in the context of relations between the countries of the “strategic triangle” Russia – China – the United States, as well as other countries, can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People's Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of machine-building and instrument-making products, electronic and other industrial products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF STANDARDIZATION IN MODERN SOCIETY

This article defines the importance of standardization in modern conditions as a key factor in ensuring the quality of life and economic development of the country. The role of standards in GDP today in different countries is shown. The influence of standardization on different areas of human activity during the development of import substitution is analyzed.

CRISIS 2022–...: POTENTIAL SCOPE AND EXPECTED CONSEQUENCES

This article analyzes the features of the current crisis in Russian economy and estimates its impact on the upcoming institutional changes nature. The conclusion about the potential trajectory of the downturn is made based on the comparison of external shocks, stabilization policy measures and the reaction of economic agents during this and two previous crises. A shock of demand, caused by a sharp increase in the interest rates, triggers a rapid fall, the necessity of solving structural problems will take a long time. Changes of economic ties and transportation schemes, import substitution development in the industries important for ensuring the sovereignty of the national economy, will lead to a long period of economic recovery. An inflationary processes analysis has shown that the price increase acceleration, which is common for recessions in Russia, caused by external shocks and the exchange rate pass-through to trade prices, is being replaced by cost-push inflation, which requires an adequate change in the Bank of Russia policy. This article highlights the main problems in the field of employment during the current recession: the growth of structural unemployment and the need in the large-scale reorientation and requalification of workers. The fundamental changes in the institutional changes direction, due to the current crisis, are highlighted in this article. For the large backbone corporations state regulation will be strengthened to ensure the implementation of the structural planning goals, up to bringing a number of target indicators. Industrial policy is becoming the focal area of managing structural shifts. Debureaucratization in all spheres of economic and social life is pointed out as the most important requirement of the accelerated economy adaptation to new conditions especially for small and medium-size enterprises.

India’s Rising Import Dependence: An Analysis of its Current Status, Concerns, and Strategies

India could not reduce its import dependence despite adopting an inward-looking import-substitution development strategy for four decades (1950-51 to 1990-91) and it was on the rise even during the export-promotion regime (since 1991-92). In this context, this paper presented a detailed analysis of India's current import dependence dynamics. Further, its major concerns and way-outs were also outlined for enabling India to achieve the objectives of Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan. The study found that India's imports registered considerably higher growth than its export growth, especially since 1991, by taking advantage of trade liberalisation and rising income levels. The growth of non-oil exports and oil prices partly resulted in a consistent rise in India's import dependence. India's imports were concentrated only on a few commodities and markets; however, some new commodities and markets were added to the import basket. In this view, planned and proactive policy intervention is required to reduce import dependence and become a self-reliant economy.

Statistical analysis of the state and prospects for the development of import substitution in Russia

On the basis of official statistical data on the structure and existing risks of the formation of Russia's foreign trade turnover in comparison with other developed countries, the objective need for import substitution has been substantiated, the acceleration of which and an increase in the role in ensuring the country's economic growth depends not only on the effectiveness of measures taken by the state and the business community, but and from a clear quantitative assessment of its performance. A comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of import substitution was carried out on the basis of a wide range of statistically reliable single indicators reflecting the impact of import substitution on the state and dynamics of development of the most important sectors of the national economy – its domestic production, exports, imports, and the socio-economic sphere. In order to model and calculate a complex indicator of the effectiveness of import substitution on the basis of the formed system of single indicators, the method of principal components was used, implemented in the Statistica application software package and which made it possible to compress the generated array of multidimensional information to a limited number of more informative features (the main component for each block of indicators) up to the final a comprehensive indicator of the effectiveness of import substitution. The indicators that have the greatest impact on the effectiveness of import substitution in each block of indicators have been identified. Based on the regression analysis, a high positive correlation was found between the integrated indicator of the effectiveness of import substitution and economic growth. Using the method of multicriteria optimization, the parameters of import substitution have been determined, which, in real economic conditions, at the prevailing rates and scales of GDP, enhance the positive impact of import substitution on economic growth.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ ДОБЫЧИ ПОЛЕЗНЫХ ИСКОПАЕМЫХ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. Часть 1. Оценка товарного потенциала импортозамещения продукции добычи полезных ископаемых

Subject/topic. In the context of the intensification of the struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions for Russia, the task of realizing the potential of import substitution of mining products in the economy of the Russian Federation becomes especially relevant. Goals/objectives. Assess the impact of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries in the context of the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions in the interests of realizing the potential for import substitution of mining products in the economy of the Russian Federation. Methodology. The paper assesses the prospects for expanding trade and economic relations between Russia and China, as well as other countries in the interests of realizing the potential for import substitution of mining products to the economy of the Russian Federation in the context of the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions. Results. Based on statistical data, an approach is proposed to assess the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries in the context of the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions in terms of import substitution of mining products in the economy of the Russian Federation. Discussion/application. The proposed approach to assessing the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries, makes it possible to predict the development of import substitution of mining products in the economy of the Russian Federation. Conclusions/relevance. The results of assessing the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China in the context of relations between the countries of the «strategic triangle» Russia- China-USA, as well as between Russia and other countries can be used to assess the potential for import substitution of mining products in the economy of the Russian Federation and substantiate recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People’s Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of mining products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ НЕФТЕПЕРЕРАБОТКИ, МИНЕРАЛЬНОЙ НЕМЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ, ПРОДУКЦИИ МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ И МЕТАЛЛООБРАБОТКИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. Часть 2. Оценка возможностей Китайской Народной Республики по реализации товарного потенциала импортозамещения

In the context of the intensification of the struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions, the task of assessing the potential for import substitution of refined petroleum products, mineral non-metallic products, metallurgy and metalworking products in the economy of the Russian Federation becomes especially urgent for Russia. The article proposes an approach to assessing the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China based on statistical data, taking into account the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions. The proposed approach allows us to forecast the development of import substitution of refined petroleum products, mineral non-metallic products, metallurgy and metalworking products, as well as its impact on the economy of the Russian Federation. The results of the assessment of the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China in the context of relations between the countries of the "strategic triangle" Russia - China –USA can be used to assess the potential for import substitution of refined petroleum products, mineral non–metallic products, metallurgy and metalworking products in the economy of the Russian Federation and to substantiate recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People's Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of the studied types of products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ ТОВАРНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ НЕФТЕПЕРЕРАБОТКИ, МИНЕРАЛЬНОЙ НЕМЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ, ПРОДУКЦИИ МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ И МЕТАЛЛООБРАБОТКИ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. Часть 1. Оценка товарного потенциала импортозамещения продукции

In the context of the aggravation of the struggle for leadership between the United States and China, the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions, the task of assessing the potential for import substitution of refined petroleum products, mineral non-metallic products, metallurgy and metalworking products becomes especially urgent for Russia. Based on statistical data, the article proposes an approach to assessing the prospects for expanding trade and economic ties between Russia and China, as well as other countries in the context of the introduction of anti- Russian sanctions, which allows us to forecast the development of import substitution. The results of the assessment in the context of relations between the countries of the strategic triangle Russia – China – USA can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. It is concluded that the People's Republic of China and other countries can realize the potential of import substitution of refined petroleum products, mineral non-metallic products, metallurgy and metalworking products in the economy of the Russian Federation.

Post-industrial development and the nature of deindustrialization in the world economy and economic security of Russia

The article evaluates the world experience of post-industrial development and deindustrialization in the economies of both developed and developing countries. The significance of the crisis of the post-industrial paradigm for the development of the world economy is indicated. The importance of applying this experience in the process of import substitution and the unfolding reindustrialization in Russia. The analysis of the world experience of post-industrial development and deindustrialization of the economy, its macro-regional features is carried out in the context of maintaining and developing Russia's economic security. The author's understanding of the problems and prospects of the development of import substitution and reindustrialization processes in theworld is proposed. Import substitution is considered as part of the country's economic development and national security strategy.

NEO-INDUSTRIAL IMPORT SUBSTITUTION STRATEGY IN UKRAINE

Background. The high level of the country’s dependence on imports of goods and services leads to significant vulnerability of its economy to market fluctuations, adverse price trends in the world market and threatens the competitiveness of domestic production and exports. The analysis of recent research and publications reveals that the problems of import contribution to the process of commodity saturation of Ukraine’s domestic market, structural changes identification, strategic priorities and institutional transformations in the state implementation of import substitution policy need in-depth study. The aim of this paper is to study implementation possibilities of the strategy of neo-industrial import substitution in the economy of Ukraine. Materials and methods. Modern scientific concepts, theoretical work on development and analysis of internal market functioning, statistical data are theoretical and methodological basis of this paper. Methods of statistical analysis, synthesis, grouping and graphical representation of the results were used to achieve the research purpose and implementation of the tasks. Results. The concept of neo-industrial import substitution is considered. The present state of Ukraine’s domestic market development and foreign trade is analyzed, the determinants of import dependence of Ukraine’s economy are defined. Thus, problematic issues of institutional support for the implementation of neo-industrial import substitution strategy in Ukraine are outlined, the proposals for its realization are made. Conclusion. Thus, we believe thatit is necessary to overcome barriers (organizational, institutional, technological) that hinder the implementation of neo-industrial economy model for realization of neo-industrial import substitution strategy in Ukraine. It provides performance of a set of conditions: the formation of a favorable institutional regime for the development of import-substituting productions, purposeful outing to the institutional trajectory of neo-industrial development, the formation of necessary institutional environment with general economic program development of neo-industrial import substitution. Keywords: foreign trade, import, domestic market, import substitution, import dependence, neo-industrial import substitution, structure of import use.

Development of import substitution as a factor in ensuring food security in Kazakhstan

The purpose of assessing the dependence of the Republic of Kazakhstan on food imports, as well as developing priority areas for the development of the livestock industry in the context of import substitution.Research methods-the paper used methods of systematization of information from the analyzed literature sources, including: analysis, synthesis, structuring. The methods of expert assessments, questionnaires, Express surveys, and interviews were also used.The main method for forming the information base of the study was used by the official data of state institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results of the study-the current state of food supply in the Republic of Kazakhstan is analyzed. It is revealed that the export of food products in the country is significantly inferior to imports. In the nomenclature of the country’s imports, a significant share is occupied by livestock products, which reduces the competitiveness of domestic products. In order to ensure the country’s food security, aspects of animal husbandry development are proposed to form the potential for import substitution of the economy of Kazakhstan.Conclusions: the productivity of domestic agriculture in general, and the development of the food and processing industry in particular – are important tasks of the state. The recommendations developed by the authors allow us to modify the economic mechanisms of state regulation of the agri-food market.

ESCALATION OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION AS A REALITY AND A NECESSITY FOR IMPROVING THE STRUCTURE OF THE DOMESTIC ECONOMY

The article highlights the importance of a balanced structure of the economy in terms of the ratio of the production of goods and the provision of services; the history of specialization of the Russian Federation as a state and territorial entity, the key features of its structure are considered. Modern aspects of import substitution in Russia are described. A comment is made on the program “Import Substitution 2.0”, which is based on quotas for public procurement from Russian suppliers. Some problems and negative aspects of the state of implementation of the import substitution program in the Russian Federation are reflected. It is concluded that the measures for the development of import substitution were largely unsystematic, were of a fragmented nature, and in some cases even contradicted each other. Their implementation failed to optimize the structure of the economy. A set of measures to escalate import substitution is proposed, including the priority development of specific types of goods with a certain share of sales abroad and the coverage of import substitution in the sphere of services.

POSTINDUSTRIALIZATION AND DEINDUSTRIALIZATION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIA'S ECONOMIC SECURITY

The purpose of the publication is to assess the world experience of post-industrial development and deindustrialization in the economies of both developed and developing countries. The importance of the crisis of the post-industrial paradigm for the development of the world economy, the application of this experience in the process of import substitution and the unfolding reindustrialization in Russia is noted. The analysis of the world experience of post-industrial development and deindustrialization of the economy, its macro-regional features is carried out in the context of maintaining and developing Russia's economic security. The author's understanding of the problems and prospects of the development of import substitution and reindustrialization processes in the world is proposed. Import substitution is considered as part of the strategy of economic development and ensuring the national security of the country. It is proposed to build recommendations for improving the policy of import substitution and reindustrialization carried out by Russia, taking into account the author's developments.