Detection Rates Of Depression Research Articles

A study on the identification of factors related to depression in a population with an increasing number of chronic diseases in the short term in China based on a health ecology model

BackgroundThe rapid increase in the number of patients with chronic diseases and depression, as well as the rapid spread of their effects, have led to these two health problems gradually developing into major public health issues in China and around the world. Currently, many individuals with chronic diseases are experiencing depressive symptoms one after another. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct research on how to prevent depression in this growing population of individuals with chronic diseases in a timely manner. MethodsBased on the data of the 2015 and 2018 national follow-up surveys of the China Health and Elderly Care Longitudinal Survey, a total of 7641 patients with short-term increase in the number of chronic diseases were selected as the study objects, and a binary logistic regression model was constructed according to the five dimensions of the health ecology model. The neural network model was used to explore the main (first two) factors affecting the increase in the number of chronic diseases in China in the short term, and the random forest and extreme value gradient lifting algorithm were used to verify them, and effective suggestions were put forward. ResultsThe detection rate of depression in the population with increasing number of chronic diseases from 2015 to 2018 was 42.13 %. The model was established based on five dimensions of the health ecology model: Model 1 (Personal trait layer), Model 2 (Personal trait layer plus Behavioral feature layer), Model 3 (Personal trait layer plus Behavioral feature layer plus Living and working conditions layer), Model 4 (Personal trait layer plus Behavioral feature layer plus Living and working conditions layer plus Networking layer) and Model 5 (Personal trait layer plus Behavioral feature layer plus Living and working conditions layer plus Networking layer plus Policy environment layer).The prediction accuracy of the five models was 66.4 %, 68.3 %, 70.7 %, 71.6 % and 71.6 %, respectively, and Model 5 showed that the P values of gender, self-rated health, night's sleep time (h), disability, life satisfaction, child satisfaction, place of residence and highest level of education were all <0.05, life satisfaction and self-rated health importance were 0.249 (100 %) and 0.226 (90.8 %). ConclusionGender, self-rated health, night sleep duration, disability, satisfaction with life, satisfaction with children, place of residence and highest level of education were the main influencing factors for the increase of depressive symptoms in the population with chronic diseases in the short term, among which life satisfaction and self-rated health have the greatest impact on depressive symptoms, and there is an interaction between the two.

Effect of physical exercise on negative emotions in Chinese university students: The mediating effect of self-efficacy

ObjectiveThis study investigates the impact of physical activity on negative emotions among university students and examines the mediating influence of self-efficacy, aiming to furnish empirical insights and a theoretical framework to enhance and optimize the mental health of this population comprehensively. MethodsUsing the cluster random sampling method, 5341 university students were selected from three universities. The questionnaire included demographic information about university students, physical exercise behaviors, expressions of negative emotions such as depression and anxiety, and self-efficacy in physical exercise. The types of questionnaires included the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). Results76.877 % of university students had low exercise. The detection rates of depression, anxiety and stress in negative mood were 77.041 %, 64.276 % and 47.931 %, respectively. There were significant differences in physical exercise and negative mood scores among university students of different genders and grades. University student. Negative emotions were significantly correlated with physical exercise and self-efficacy (P < 0.001). According to the regression model, physical exercise can significantly predict negative emotions and self-efficacy. The mediating effect of self-efficacy is evident. ConclusionPhysical exercise among university students typically comprises light workouts, associated with a high prevalence of anxiety symptoms. Self-efficacy acts as a mediator in the effects of physical exercise on negative emotions within this group.

Study on the Status quo of Mental Health Education for 12th Grade Students

The adolescent period is a critical stage for children's rapid physical and mental growth and self-awareness development, which is prone to various psychological and emotional problems. According to the Report on the Development of China's National Mental Health (2019-2020), the detection rate of depression among adolescents in 2020 was 24.6 percent, of which 7.4 percent were severely depressed. In addition, depression increases with grade level, with more than 10 percent of high school students suffering from severe depression. It is not difficult to see that the mental health of teenagers is not optimistic. In order to explore the influence of family and school education on the mental health of high school students, I will design a group of classified questionnaires for senior high school students. My expected goal was to conclude that students who received positive help from their families and teachers were psychologically healthier than those who did not.

Relationship between physical activity and specific working memory indicators of depressive symptoms in university students.

The detection rate of depression among university students has been increasing in recent years, becoming one of the main psychological diseases that endangers their physical and mental health. According to statistics, self-harm and suicide, for which there is no effective intervention, are the second leading causes of death. To explore the relationship between different elements and levels of physical activity and college students' depression-symptom-specific working memory indicators. Of 143 college students were analyzed using the Beck Depression Self-Rating Scale, the Physical Activity Rating Scale, and the Working Memory Task. There was a significant difference between college students with depressive symptoms and healthy college students in completing verbal and spatial working memory (SWM) tasks correctly (all P < 0.01). Physical Activity Scale-3 scores were significantly and positively correlated with the correct rate of the verbal working memory task (r = 0.166) and the correct rate of the SWM task (r = 0.210) (all P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks according to different exercise intensities (all P < 0.05) and different exercise durations (all P < 0.05), and no significant differences in the correct rates of verbal and SWM tasks by exercise frequency (all P > 0.05). An increase in physical exercise among college students, particularly medium- and high-intensity exercise and exercise of 30 min or more, can improve the correct rate of completing working memory tasks.

Predicating depression on Twitter using hybrid model BiLSTM-XGBOOST

Nowadays, depression is a common mental illness. Failure to recognize depression early or guarantee that a depressed individual receives prompt counseling can lead to serious issues. Social media allow us to monitor people's thoughts, daily activities, and emotions, including persons with mental illnesses. This study suggested novel hybrid models that combine one of the deep learning techniques with one of the machine learning approaches. This paper used a dataset from the Kaggle website to predict depression. Two deep learning techniques were chosen to conduct the experiments: bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM), and convolutional neural network (CNN). Three machine learning techniques were also selected, which are support vector machine (SVM), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBOOST). Deep learning methods were applied to extract important features from input data and training, and then machine learning was utilized to predict the class. The performance of the hybrid models was compared against that of five single models. The results showed that Bi-LSTM-XGBOOST is better than single models and achieve the highest performance, with 94% for all evaluation metrics. The proposed model can improve the performance of machine learning techniques and increase the detection rate of depression.

Prevalence and correlates of suicide risk among non-psychiatric inpatients in a general hospital in China

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the suicide risk and mental health status of non-psychiatric inpatients in general hospital and explore the risk factors of suicide. MethodsA prospective study was conducted at a tertiary general hospital in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. On-line assessment of mental health status and suicide was completed at admission and discharge. We assessed depression, anxiety, insomnia and suicide of inpatients and binary logistics regression was used to examine the risk factors of suicide. ResultsFrom April 1, 2021 and January 31, 2022, 3685 inpatients were included. The detection rates of depression, anxiety and insomnia were 14.6 %, 9.0 % and 17.8 %, respectively. There were 2.7 % of inpatients at suicide risk. Binary logistics regression demonstrated that the inpatients with anxiety were at higher risk of suicide. Limitations(1) Single-center study limits the generalization of conclusion, (2) low response rate at discharge. ConclusionsThe comorbidity of physical illnesses and mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, insomnia, and suicide among non-psychiatric patients in general hospital was common. An assessment of anxiety may help identify individuals at high suicide risk. Medical staff in general hospitals should be trained to improve their ability to identify mental disorders and high-risk individuals for suicide, provide timely interventions and effectively reduce the suicide risk of patients.

A cross-sectional study on the analysis of the current situation of depression and anxiety among primary and secondary school students in Urumqi City in 2021: A case study of S district

BackgroundDepression and anxiety in children and adolescents have become one of the major public health threats. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the current status of depression and anxiety in primary and secondary school students in Urumqi and to provide a basis for early intervention in depressed and anxious individuals. MethodsAll primary and secondary school students in 13 schools in the Urumqi S district were surveyed from March 2021 to November 2021, and depression and anxiety were screened using the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). ResultsOverall, 17,086 students participated, with 16,462 valid questionnaires and an effective rate of 96.3%; the numbers of primary, middle, and high school students were 3351, 10,469, and 2642, respectively, with 8493 male students and 7969 female students. The overall depression and anxiety detection rates of primary and secondary school students were 10.74 % and 14.85 %, respectively; the depression detection rates were 5.97 %, 12.05 %, and 11.62 % in elementary, middle, and high schools, respectively(x2=114.8, P < 0.001), while that of anxiety were 9.16 %, 16.75 %, and 14.53 %, respectively (x2=127.5, P < 0.001); the overall depression combined with anxiety detection rate was 8.61 %, and the depression combined with anxiety detection rates in elementary, middle, and high school were 0.95 %, 6.27 %, and 1.39 %, respectively(x2=86.34, P < 0.001). SDS scores in elementary, middle, and high school were (33.21 ± 10.16), (36.66 ± 12.83), and (36.90 ± 11.97), respectively, and SAS scores were (39.64 ± 8.41), (41.88 ± 10.03), (40.71 ± 9.26), respectively. The depression and anxiety scores of primary and secondary school students in Urumqi were lower than those of domestic norm; female students in the middle school group had the highest depression and anxiety scores among all school periods. The SDS and SAS individual scores showed differences in the frequency of specific symptoms and subjective feelings of depression and anxiety among students of different sex and school periods. Depression and anxiety detection rates were highest in secondary school and lowest in primary school; the detection rates of depression and anxiety were significantly higher in female students than in male students. Depression and anxiety scores were significantly lower in the primary school group than in the middle and high school groups, and depression and anxiety levels were significantly higher in female than in male students in each academic period. Female students were 2.045 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.845–2.267) and 2.006 (95 % CI: 1.835–2.193) times more likely to have symptoms of depression and anxiety than male students, respectively. Middle school students were 7.112 (95 % CI: 3.639–13.898) and 5.499 (95 % CI: 3.302–9.155) times and high school students were 7.504(95 % CI: 3.740–15.058) and 5.093 (95 % CI: 2.966–8.744) times more likely to have symptoms of depression and anxiety than elementary school students, respectively. LimitationsThe pandemic may have impacted the results of the study, and this study did not explore the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. ConclusionDepression and anxiety symptoms exist in some primary and secondary school students in S District, Urumqi.

The effects of body dissatisfaction, sleep duration, and exercise habits on the mental health of university students in southern China during COVID-19.

Following the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, universities around the world adopted a closed management model and various restrictive measures intended to reduce human contact and control the spread of the disease. Such measures have had a profound impact on university students, with a marked increase in depression-related psychological disorders. However, little is known about the specific status and factors influencing the impact of the pandemic on student mental health. Addressing this gap, this study examines the body dissatisfaction, physical activity, and sleep of university students during the pandemic, and uses their levels of depression to provide a theoretical basis for the development of mental health interventions for university students in the post-epidemic era. To achieve this, a total of 1,258 university students were randomly recruited for this cross-sectional study. Collected data included respondents' anthropometric measurements, body dissatisfaction levels, dietary habits, sleep status, physical activity levels, and depression levels. The overall detection rate of depression was 25.4%, with higher levels of depression among women. Multiple regression analysis showed that the PSQI score (β = 1.768, P < 0.01) and physical activity scores (β = -0.048, P < 0.01) were significant predictors of depression in men, while the PSQI score (β = 1.743, P < 0.01) and body dissatisfaction scores (β = 0.917, P < 0.01) were significant predictors of depression in women. Mental health problems were prevalent among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicate the possibility of alleviating depression among university students by improving their body dissatisfaction, physical activity, and sleep. However, as this study was limited to Ganzhou City, it is challenging to extrapolate the findings to other populations. As this was a cross-sectional study, a causal relationship between depression levels and lifestyle habits cannot be determined.

Physical activity and depression: A chain mediation model

In recent years the detection rate of depression among Chinese college students has increased significantly. We explored the relationship between physical activity and depression in this population, as well as the mediating role of interpersonal relationship difficulties and subjective well-being. We used stratified cluster random sampling to recruit a sample of 1,605 college students. The results showed that physical activity was positively correlated with depression, and that interpersonal relationship difficulties and subjective wellbeing had both independent and chain mediating effects on this link. Our findings provide a theoretical basis for designing interventions to treat depression in college students.

Evaluation and Analysis of Elderly Mental Health Based on Artificial Intelligence.

The purpose is to understand the depression status of the elderly in the community, explore its influencing factors, formulate a comprehensive psychological intervention plan according to the influencing factors, implement demonstration psychological intervention, and evaluate and feedback the effect, so as to provide a reference for improving the mental health of the elderly. In order to make the output of different emotional data in LSTM more discriminative, a method to dynamically filter the output of LSTM is proposed. Combining the methods of Attention-LSTM, time-dimensional AI attention, and feature-dimensional AI attention, the best model in this paper is obtained. The multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the elderly aged 60 and above in a certain area, including the general demographic characteristics questionnaire of the elderly, the self-rating scale of mental health symptoms, and the health self-management ability of adults. All data were entered into a database using Excel software, and SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results/Discussion. The detection rate of depression (GDS ≥ 11 points) among the elderly in a community in a certain area was 39.38%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of mental illness, more negative life events, decreased ability of daily living, living alone, and suffering from physical diseases in the past six months were the risk factors for depression in the elderly. Community health education can partially alleviate depression in the elderly. The detection rate and degree of depression of the elderly in the comprehensive psychological intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Comparison of response options and actual symptom frequency in the Japanese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in women in early pregnancy and non-pregnant women

BackgroundThe positive predictive rate of the Japanese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is lower than those of other versions. This study aimed to confirm whether the EPDS Japanese version reflects actual symptom frequency and to examine the possibility of improving the positive predictive rate.MethodsThis is a methodological study aimed at improving the positive predictive value of EPDS. The participants were 63 non-pregnant and 382 pregnant women. They answered the 10 questions of the Japanese version of the EPDS and reported the specific number of days as the frequency. The EPDS score (EPDS-S) and the frequency score (FREQ-S) were calculated for three factors of emotion: anhedonia, anxiety, and depression.ResultsThe positive rates of the EPDS-S and FREQ-S in pregnant women were 6% and 8%, respectively, which were lower than those in non-pregnant women (17%). On comparing the EPDS-S with the FREQ-S, a significant underestimation of frequency was observed in approximately 3% of pregnant women. The FREQ-S showed better internal consistency than the EPDS-S. Among the factors of emotion, women tended to rate anhedonia lower in the EPDS-S than in the frequency scale.ConclusionPregnant women tended to report a lower frequency on the Japanese version of the EPDS than their actual symptom frequency, which was especially true for those with a desire to self-harm. The combined use of the FREQ-S and EPDS-S can prevent underestimation and help improve the detection rate of depression.

The influence of differential parenting in early life on the physical and mental health of middle-aged and elderly women

Objective: To explore the influence of differential parenting in early life on the physical and mental health of middle-aged and elderly women, and analyze the mediating effect of early life health. Methods: Based on 8 204 women aged 45-84 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2018, the life course survey data of CHARLS 2014 were matched by ID number. Logistic regression analysis models were used to analyze the direct impact of differential parenting in early life on chronic diseases and depression of middle-aged and elderly women, and the KHB method was used to analyze the mediating effect of early life health. Results: The prevalence of chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly women was 81.05% and the detection rate of depression among them was 41.46%. After adjusting for other confounding factors, parents' preference for boys in early life increased the possibility of chronic diseases of middle-aged and elderly women by 18.2% (OR=1.182, 95%CI: 1.013-1.381). Compared with the women whose parents had no differential upbringing in early life, the parents' preference for boys or brothers/sisters in early life increased the possibility of depression in middle-aged and elderly women by 16.1% (OR=1.161, 95%CI:1.030-1.309) and 17.4% (OR=1.174, 95%CI:1.032-1.336),respectly. Early life health was one of the mediating factors that parents' preference for brothers and sisters could affect the mental health status of middle-aged and elderly women, and the mediating effect accounted for 8.603% of the total effect. Conclusion: Differential parenting in early life may have an impact on the physical and mental health of middle-aged and elderly women. Differential parenting could affect the early life health status of women, and then affect the mental health in their middle and old age.

Abstract P4-10-14: Association between depression and anxiety status of breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy and chemotherapy-induced adverse events

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the largest malignant tumor threatening women's health. Adjuvant chemotherapy is an important treatment to improve the survival and prognosis of patients. Numerous studies have confirmed that breast cancer is related to emotion and psychology, and patients diagnosed with breast cancer are more likely to have psychological problems. Anxiety, depression and other psychological problems might lead to a decrease in immune function, reducing the patient's tolerance to chemotherapy. This study explored the relationship between anxiety, depression and adverse events during adjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese breast cancer patients. Patients and Methods:This prospective study enrolled 270 Chinese postoperative early breast cancer patients. The clinicopathological characteristics of patients were collected, and the psychological status of depression and anxiety before chemotherapy and after 2 cycles of chemotherapy were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS). Adverse events that occurred throughout the course of chemotherapy included myelosuppression, anemia, gastrointestinal events(diarrhea,nausea,vomiting, stomatitis ), alopecias, neurotoxicity, elevated aminotransferase levels, and were graded and recorded according to CTCAE 4.02.Results: In total, 264 valid cases were analyzed. At baseline, the detection rates of depression and anxiety were 20.83%(55/264) and 32.58%(86/264). The mean (95% CI) HADS depression score was 4.73 (1.16, 8.30), and mean anxiety score was 6.14 (2.59, 9.69) . After 2 cycles of chemotherapy, the detection rates of depression and anxiety in chemotherapy were 26.14%(69/264) and 30.30%(80/264). The mean (95% CI) HADS depression score was 5.28 (1.43, 9.13), and mean anxiety score was 5.89 (2.48, 9.30). The incidence of grade two or more myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy was correlated with depression before chemotherapy(P=0.017) and after 2 cycles of chemotherapy(P=0.022). Age, chemotherapy cycles, and pre-chemotherapy depression status were included in multivariate analysis, and showed that incidence of grade two or more myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy was significant related to the pre-chemotherapy depression status(P=0.026). There was no statistical significance between depression and anxiety status and other adverse events (P&amp;gt;0.005). Conclusions: The depression status of breast cancer patients before chemotherapy was correlated with the incidence of grade two or more myelosuppression throughout the course of chemotherapy, and these populations are more likely to develop myelosuppression. It suggests that oncologist should pay more attention to monitoring the depression status of breast cancer patients before chemotherapy, and strengthen the management of adverse events during chemotherapy, so as to ensure the safety of patients and improve the tolerance of chemotherapy. Citation Format: Dan Lv, Bo Lan, Li Zhang, Xiaoying Sun, Min Yang, Fei Ma. Association between depression and anxiety status of breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy and chemotherapy-induced adverse events [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-10-14.

Analysis on depression state outcomes and influencing factors of persistent depression in pregnant and perinatal women in China

Objective: To investigate the depression status of pregnant and perinatal women in early, medium-term, late pregnancy and postpartum period in China and the outcomes of depression in each period, analyze the influential factors of depression status. Methods: By using the pregnant and perinatal women mental health cohort established by National Center for Women and Children's Health of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing, Women Health Center of Shanxi, Jilin Women and Children Health Hospital, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care and Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Guangdong province, a follow up study was conducted at 7 time points during pregnancy and perinatal period in pregnant and perinatal women in Beijing, Shanxi, Jilin and Guangdong from August 1, 2015 to October 31, 2016. The self-filled questionnaire and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) were used to obtain the general demographic information and depression status of the pregnant and perinatal women, and the depression status and natural outcomes of the pregnant and perinatal women were analyzed. Results: A total of 1 284 pregnant and perinatal women were recruited. In this study, a total of 1 210 subjects who completed follow-up at least 6 times and postpartum 42 day follow up were included in the final analysis. The EPDS depression score at the gestation week 13 was used to indicate the depression status in early pregnancy, the average EPDS score of gestation week 17 and 24 were used to indicate the depression status in medium-term pregnancy, and the average EPDS score of gestation week 31 and 37 were used to indicate depression in late pregnancy. The average EPDS score of postpartum day 3 and 42 were used to indicate postpartum depression status. A total of 321 (26.5%), 218 (18.0%), 189 (15.6%) and 219 (18.1%) pregnant and perinatal women were found to have depression, respectively, in early, medium-term and late pregnancy and in postpartum period. The depression status in early, medium-term and late pregnancy and postpartum period were positively correlated (P<0.001), the correlation between early and middle pregnancy was strong (r=0.678), the correlation between medium-term and late pregnancy was strong (r=0.771), and the correlation between postpartum period and late pregnancy was strong (r=0.706). Among the pregnant women with depression in early pregnancy, 26.2% were depressed during the whole study period, 42.7% were depressed during postpartum period, and the results of multifactorial analysis showed that the education level of college or above of the pregnant and perinatal women (OR=0.437, 95%CI: 0.212-0.900, P=0.025), exercise during pregnancy (OR=0.586, 95%CI: 0.348-0.987, P = 0.044), high marital satisfaction (OR = 0.370, 95%CI: 0.221-0.620, P<0.001), normal body mass index (BMI) (OR=0.516, 95%CI: 0.270-0.985, P=0.045) reduced the risk for depression. Unsatisfactory living environment (OR=1.807, 95%CI: 1.074-3.040, P=0.026) increased the risk for depression. Conclusions: In pregnant and perinatal women in China, the detection rate of depression in early pregnancy was highest compared with those in medium-term and late pregnancy. The detection rate of depression increased again in postpartum period. The depression status detected in the early pregnancy remained in the medium-term and late pregnancy and postpartum period. Exercise, BMI, educational level, living environment satisfaction and marital satisfaction can affect the incidence of depression in pregnant and perinatal women.

Mental Health and Related Factors of Adolescent Students During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Objective Adolescents are at a special stage of physical and mental development, which is a susceptible period for mental disorders. Since the outbreak of coronavirus pneumonia in December 2019, long term stress may have negative effects on the mental health of the adolescents. In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the study was designed to investigate the mental and psychological health of adolescents in China and its possible related factors. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted using a structured questionnaire which were distributed through the Internet to measure depression, anxiety, life events and stress related factors. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were conducted to process the data. Results The final sample comprised 795 adolescents. The total detection rate of depression was 76.48% and the total detection rate of anxiety was 33.08%. ANOVA showed that there were significant differences in depression scores in terms of gender, anxiety scores, history of mental disorders, COVID-19 knowledge reserve, family and social contradictions (p<0.05). And there were significant differences in anxiety scores in terms of gender, depression scores, mental health knowledge reserves, family and social contradictions (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that anxiety score, health status and COVID-19 knowledge reserve were positively associated with depression score (p<0.01), and history of psychosocial disorders was negatively associated with depression score (p<0.05); depression score, family and social contradictions were significantly positively correlated with anxiety score (p<0.01), and history of mental disorders was significantly negatively correlated with SDS score (p<0.01). Conclusion During the outbreak of COVID-19, adolescent students with better understanding of the pandemic, more complete knowledge of mental health, and better family and social relationship had less impact on their mental health. Therefore, to ensure a sound social support system, elaborate health instruction, and family communication and mutual understanding are conducive to alleviating the psychological stress caused by the epidemic, and it is positive for adolescent students to maintain a good mental health.

Association of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Depression in Sport University Students.

Background: Sports university students are usually expected to lead an active life and have a lower risk of depression. Therefore, there are few studies on depression and its risk factors among this population. This study aimed to investigate depression and its association with sedentary behavior and physical activity in sports university students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduates majoring in physical education in a sports university in Beijing in March 2021. Students were asked about sociodemographic information, domain-specific sedentary behavior, physical activity, and depression (using a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire). Chi-squared test and logistic regression were carried out to analyze the data. Results: Among a total of 584 participants, the detection rate of depression was 49.1%. The median of total sedentary time was 7.29 h per day. After adjusting for covariates, recreational screen time (OR = 1.540, p = 0.035), sedentary time spent completing schoolwork (OR = 0.658, p = 0.038), and participation in vigorous physical activity everyday (OR = 0.415, p = 0.001) and a few times per week (OR = 0.423, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with depression. Conclusions: Sports university students are not immune to depression and inactive lifestyles. Excessive recreational screen time may have an adverse effect on depression, which is somewhat independent of physical activity.

Efficacy of web-based self-management interventions for depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundThe incidence of depression is increasing worldwide. Depression can lead to poor physical health and even suicide. However, in high-income countries, only about 50% of the people with depression receive appropriate therapy, and the detection rate of depression in low- and middle-income countries is relatively lower. Web-based self-management enables remote treatment and solves the problem of insufficient psychological treatment resources. Many past studies have evaluated the effectiveness of web-based self-management of depression, but there has been no synthesis of evidence. Therefore, this study conducted a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of web-based self-management for depressive symptoms.MethodSix electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) were searched in September 2020. All literature referring to the effects of web-based self-management on depression were shortlisted by performing the medical subject headings (MeSH) search combined with a text word search.ResultsA total of 18 eligible randomized controlled trials were identified, and the results from 3055 participants were consolidated. The web-based self-management group exhibited a greater reduction in depressive symptoms than the control group (g = − 0.46; 95% CI: 0.62,0.30), and there was no evidence of publication bias. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients with moderate-to-severe depression benefited from web-based self-management interventions. In terms of interventions, those based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) were highly effective. We noted that the longer the intervention time, the better was the improvement in the status of depression. Furthermore, it was established that participants who communicated with therapists and showed greater adherence to the intervention experienced significant improvement in their symptoms. The results of the intervention group were better than those of the waiting-list, treatment-as-usual, and online psychoeducation groups.ConclusionsWeb-based self-management is a promising therapy for depression. Future research should aim to refine these aspects of the intervention to achieve a beneficial impact.

Chinese College Students' Stress and Anxiety Levels Under COVID-19.

The outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019 has had a significant impact on people. While attention is paid to the immense physical harm it has caused, the psychological impact should not be underestimated. The main purpose of this study was to explore the stress, anxiety, and depression levels of different groups of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online questionnaire survey of college students by using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), and the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). A total of 1,586 questionnaires were collected and analyzed in R language. The results showed that students with moderate to severe stress (PSS-10 ≥ 14) accounted for 67.50%; the detection rate of depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 5) reached 43.77%; and 20.60% of students had anxiety (SAS standard score ≥ 50). There were significant differences in PSS-10/SAS among different genders, majors, whether returning to school or not, and those with different psychological experiences (negative or positive, P < 0.05). It is notable that the median of female, medical student, non-resumption of schooling, and negative experience was higher than that of positive experience (P < 0.05). The results of principal component analysis showed that there were significant differences in PHQ-9, PSS-10, and SAS between the resumption of schooling group and the non-resumption group. Therefore, it is inferred that the stress and anxiety level of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic is generally high, especially for those who have not yet resumed school. Long-term negative emotions can easily lead to serious mental diseases such as cognitive impairment. Education departments should attach great importance to the mental health of college students, and it is necessary to provide precise psychological interventions for groups experiencing greater pressure levels and marked anxiety and depression.

Relationship between sleep quality with depression and anxiety symptoms in college students at Tibet Plateau areas

Objective To explore the relationship between sleep quality with depression and anxiety symptoms among college students in Tibet plateau areas, and to provide scientific basis for sleep quality promotion, as well as depression and anxiety allevation in high-altitude areas. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate 1 288 second-and third-year college students in Tibet University from October to November 2019. The Chinese Version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) were used in this survey, and the survey results were tested by t-test, variance analysis and Logistics regression analysis. Results The mean sleep quality index was(5.32±2.94), and 20.5% (n=264) of participants reported poor sleep quality. The detection rates of depression and anxiety symptoms were 46.0% (n=592) and 24.4%(n=314), respectively. And 20.4% (n=263) had the worst sleep quality with the coexistence of depression and anxiety symptoms. College students who are female, Tibetan, smoking, drinking and poor sleep quality have a higher risk of depression(OR=1.55, 1.80, 1.51, 1.67, 5.60), while Tibetan, drinking and poor sleep quality college students have a higher risk of anxiety(OR=1.52, 1.91, 10.22)(P Conclusion There is a close relationship between the sleep quality of college students in Tibet Plateau areas with depression and anxiety symptoms. Mental health education department in colleges should attach great importance to the sleep quality of students, especially for individuals with sleep disorders, so as to reduce the incidence of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students.

Depression and anxiety and assciated factors among college students returned to campus during the outbreak of COVID-19

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the state of depression and anxiety and assciated factors of back-to-school college students during the outbreak of COVID-19, so as to provide theoretical basis for emotional counseling and psychological crisis intervention after long-term school closure due to epidemic outbreak. Methods Cluster sampling was used to select the first batch of 2 697 back-to-school students in a high vocational college. The survey content includes basic information questionnaire, Depression Self-rating Scale (SDS) and Anxiety Self-rating Scale (SAS). Results The detection rate of depression and anxiety was 31.8% and 10.4% respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of depression in female college students was 1.28 times higher than that in male students. The risk of depression among college students with family loss experience caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 was 1.30 times that of those without family loss experience caused by the outbreak of COVID-19. Outgoing personality ( OR = 0.62), neutral ( OR = 0.55) and mild temper ( OR = 0.46), moderate frequency of physical exercise per week (1–2 times: OR = 0.73, 3–4 times: OR = 0.65) were protective effects for depression in college students.Low frequency of breakfast were the risk effects for depression in college. The risk of anxiety among college students who was the only child in the family was 1.61 times higher than that who was not the only child in the family. The risk of anxiety among college students with family loss experience caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 was 1.45 times higher than that college students without family loss experience caused by the outbreak of COVID-19. Neutral temper, mild temper and physical exercise 1–2 times a week were associated with lower level of anxiety in college students ( OR = 0.67, 0.56, 0.67). Breakfast skipping ( OR = 2.03) was associated with higher levvel of anxiety in college students. Conlusions During the outbreak of COVID-19, the first batch of back-to-school college students presented high level of depression. Colleges are suggested to promptly carry out effective emotional relief and psychological intervention for students, especially those whose family suffered in COVID-19, the only child in the family, with poor breakfast eating habits, as well as breakfast skipping and lack of physical exercise. 【摘要】 目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间返校大学生抑郁、焦虑情绪现况及其影响因素, 为后续开展有效的情绪 疏导和心理干预提供依据。 方法采用整群抽样的方法对安徽中医药髙等专科学校首批返校的2 697名大学生进行自编 问卷调査, 内容包括基本信息、抑郁自评量表 (Self-rating Depression Scale, SDS) 和焦虑自评量表 (Self-rating Anxiety Scale, SAS) 等。 结果 首批返校大学生抑郁检出率为31.8%, 焦虑检出率为10.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 女生产生抑 郁情绪的风险是男生的1.28倍;因疫情致家庭损失的大学生产生抑郁情绪的风险是无家庭损失的1.30倍;外向性格 ( OR = 0.62)、中性脾气 ( OR = 0.55)及温和脾气 ( OR = 0.46)、每周体育锻炼次数适中 (1~2次:OR = 0.73;3~4次:OR = 0.65)与大 学生产生抑郁情绪呈负相关;早餐次数较少与大学生产生抑郁情绪呈正相关。独生子女大学生产生焦虑情绪风险是非独 生子女的1.61倍;因疫情致家庭损失的大学生产生焦虑情绪的风险是无家庭损失的1.45倍;中性脾气 ( OR = 0.67)及温和 脾气 ( OR = 0.56)、每周体育锻炼1~2次 ( OR = 0.67)与大学生产生焦虑情绪呈负相关;从来不吃早餐 ( OR = 2.03)与大学生 产生焦虑情绪呈正相关。 结论新冠肺炎流行期间, 首批返校大学生群体抑郁检出率较髙。学校应针对有因疫情所致损 失经历、独生子女、具有不良早餐习惯、缺乏体育锻炼的学生及时开展有效情绪疏解和心理干预。