Design Of Microstrip Antenna Research Articles

Compact designs of circular microstrip antennas employing modified ground plane for wideband response

Wideband Compact designs of circular microstrip antennas by employing modified ground plane profile are proposed. Ground plane slots reduces patch fundamental mode frequency and Bow-tie shape of the same yields wider bandwidth on thinner substrate, thus achieving wider bandwidth with a smaller antenna volume. Optimum results are achieved using three rectangular slots cut Bow-tie shape ground plane. Against the conventional ground plane design, modified ground plane antenna yields 25% bandwidth increment, 0.03λg reduction in substrate thickness, 35.12% reduction in the resonance frequency, 66% reduction in the patch area with a broadside peak gain of 5.5 dBi. Reported wideband configurations do not provide bandwidth enhancement with a patch size reduction, and thus this is the novelty in the proposed work. Simulated results are have been experimentally verified that shows close agreement.

Gap-coupled Designs of Hexagonal Microstrip Antennas on Thinner Substrate Using Cavity-backed Structure

Gap-coupled Designs of Hexagonal Microstrip Antennas on Thinner Substrate Using Cavity-backed Structure

Novel design and implementation of irregular fractal arrow head structure microstrip antenna for sub 6 GHz 5G applications

Novel design and implementation of irregular fractal arrow head structure microstrip antenna for sub 6 GHz 5G applications

Reconfigurable Designs of Sectoral Microstrip Antennas for Wideband and Circularly Polarized Response

Reconfigurable Designs of Sectoral Microstrip Antennas for Wideband and Circularly Polarized Response

Composite metamaterial antenna with super mechanical and electromagnetic performances integrated by three-dimensional weaving technique

The integration of structure and function was crucial for the application of microstrip antennas. Layered microstrip antennas were prone to delamination, which severely limits their performance stability. The textile conformal microstrip antenna with integrated structure design prevented the layered failure and greatly improved the damage resistance of the antenna. However, textiles had an inherent deficiency in suppressing surface waves due to their discontinuous mesh structure, critically deteriorating the radiation performance of microstrip antennas. Electromagnetic metamaterial with a specific pattern resonated in the excitation of electromagnetic waves to form a forbidden bandgap, which was expected to suppress surface wave radiation of microstrip antennas. In this study, a textile-based microstrip antenna integrated with electromagnetic metamaterials (MA-EBG) was proposed by embedding conductive copper wires in three-dimensional (3D) spacer fabric to form an integrated structure. Due to the function of the forbidden bandgap in metamaterial structure, the surface wave radiation was suppressed and the gain of antenna was increased from 5.1 dB to 9.6 dB. Owing to the tight physical binding, MA-EBG retained its structural integrity with proper electromagnetic performance under the impact of 24 J. The application of electromagnetic metamaterials elevated the gain of textile-based microstrip antennas, which provided a new method for the design of high-gain textile-based microstrip antennas with excellent mechanical properties.

Novel Design and Implementation of Irregular Fractal Arrow Head Structure Microstrip Antenna for sub SUB 6GHz 5G Applications

Novel Design and Implementation of Irregular Fractal Arrow Head Structure Microstrip Antenna for sub SUB 6GHz 5G Applications

An improved design of circularly polarized microstrip antenna for 5G communication

This research paper explores the performance of four circularly polarized microstrip antenna designs tailored for 5G applications. As 5G technology continues to advance, antenna design is pivotal in realizing its potential. The designs, labeled Design 1 through 4, undergo rigorous analysis, encompassing axial ratio, gain, and impedance bandwidth. Notably, Designs 2 and 3, featuring strategic slot cuts, exhibit strong axial ratios suitable for circular polarization within the 5G frequency range. Design 4 introduces an L-shaped feeding line, showcasing unique characteristics albeit with trade-offs. Conversely, Design 1, without slot cuts, demonstrates suboptimal circular polarization performance. This study discusses the significance of these findings within the context of 5G networks, emphasizing the relevance of antenna design choices. As 5G technology evolves, this research offers valuable insights for optimizing antennas in the quest for efficient 5G communication systems.

Microstrip Patch Antenna Design at 10 GHz for X Band Applications

Microstrip patch antennas are used in satellite imaging systems, wireless communication equipment, military radios, GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) applications. Its advantages are its small size and light weight, thin structure, low power consumption, use in dual frequency applications, and patching in various geometric shapes. Developing technology has facilitated and accelerated the production of microstrip antennas. In this study, microstrip antenna design operating at 10 GHz frequency for X band applications has been made. X band is used for air traffic control, weather traffic control, vessel traffic control, defense tracking and vehicle speed detection, terrestrial communications and networking, space communications and amateur radio. HFSS program was used in antenna design. AWR program was used to find transmission line parameters. In addition, MATLAB program was used to calculate some parameters. First of all, information is given about the working principle of the antenna, the selected dielectric layer and the working frequency. Schematic drawings of the designed antenna were made from above and from the side. S11 reflection coefficient magnitude graphs are drawn below and above the operating frequency. The radiation pattern is drawn for the E-plane and H-plane at the operating frequency. 3-D (dimensional) plot of antenna gain at operating frequency is drawn. The simulations performed have shown that the designed antenna works successfully.

Deep graphene based reconfigurable circularly polarized star-shaped microstrip antenna design at terahertz frequencies for biomedical application

Deep graphene based reconfigurable circularly polarized star-shaped microstrip antenna design at terahertz frequencies for biomedical application

Design of Rectangular Patch Microstrip Antenna with Defected Ground Structure Method at 3.5 GHz Frequency for 5G Technology

5G technology is currently developing rapidly in various countries. 5G technology has three sub-frequencies: low band, midband and high band. Midband frequencies in Indonesia are between 2.6 GHz and 3.5 GHz. In order for 5G technology is able to be used in Indonesia, it needs an antenna that can work at 3.5 GHz and has a wide bandwidth. Microstrip antenna is a simple and efficient antenna. However, microstrip antenna has minimal bandwidth. To overcome this, certain methods are needed, one of which is the defected ground structure (DGS) method. The initial design of the antenna has dimensions according to the results of the calculation formula. Then optimization is carried out by reducing the dimensions of the antenna components. After that, the DGS method is applied to widen the bandwidth. The initial design of the single-patch antenna before using the DGS method has a return loss value of -19.96 dB, VSWR 1.22, with a gain value of 3.812 dB and bandwidth 105.1 MHz. The simulation results of the antenna using DGS have a return loss value of -39.76 dB, VSWR of 1.02, with a gain value 3.16 dB and a bandwidth of 158.4 MHz. These results prove that the use of the DGS method can increase bandwidth.

Design of 1x5 Planar Array Microstrip Antenna with Edge Weighting to Increase Gain

Design of 1x5 Planar Array Microstrip Antenna with Edge Weighting to Increase Gain

High-Gain Design Microstrip Antenna for Weather Radar on Aircraft at the 9.4 GHz Frequency

The use of radar in aviation primarily centers around aircraft weather radar systems, which provide real-time monitoring of weather conditions surrounding the aircraft. Antennas play a crucial role in enabling detection within these radar systems. This article is dedicated to research efforts focused on developing a microstrip antenna design using array techniques to achieve high gain. The research methodology follows Thiagarajan's 4D approach, encompassing the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. To optimize performance, the research encompasses the creation of various antenna designs, including single patches, 1x2, 4x4, and 8x4 arrays, employing feed and coaxial insert enumeration methods. Additionally, comparisons are drawn between two substrates, specifically FR-4 and Rogers RT- 5880. Parameters under scrutiny encompass gain, VSWR, return loss, bandwidth, and radiation patterns. The design process for microstrip antennas involves intricate dimensional calculations and array method selection, followed by a detailed application-based design. The results consistently demonstrate VSWR values below 2 and return loss values below -10 dB for microstrip antenna designs on both FR-4 and Rogers RT-5880 substrates. The most significant gains were achieved by an 8 x 4 array design employing the insert feed enumeration method on a Rogers RT-5880 substrate, reaching an impressive 17,979 dBi. The widest bandwidth is observed in the design of the 1x2 array using the Rogers RT-5880 substrate, reaching 651.1 MHz. Moreover, it is evident that an increase in the number of patches in the array corresponds to an increase in gain. Notably, Rogers RT-5880 material demonstrates a superior capacity to produce higher gain compared to FR-4 substrates

Plant Foliar Geometry as a Biomimetic Template for Antenna Design.

Plant diversity includes over 300,000 species, and leaf structure is one of the main targets of selection, being highly variable in shape and size. On the other hand, the optimization of antenna design has no unique solution to satisfy the current range of applications. We analyzed the foliar geometries of 100 plant species and applied them as a biomimetic design template for microstrip patch antenna systems. From this set, a subset of seven species were further analyzed, including species from tropical and temperate forests across the phylogeny of the Angiosperms. Foliar geometry per species was processed by image processing analyses, and the resultant geometries were used in simulations of the reflection coefficients and the radiation patterns via finite differences methods. A value below -10 dB is set for the reflection coefficient to determine the operation frequencies of all antenna elements. All species showed between 3 and 15 operational frequencies, and four species had operational frequencies that included the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands. The reflection coefficients and the radiation patterns in most of the designs were equal or superior to those of conventional antennas, with several species showing multiband effects and omnidirectional radiation. We demonstrate that plant structures can be used as a biomimetic tool in designing microstrip antenna for a wide range of applications.

Design of Multi-band Microstrip Antenna with Rectangular Patch for 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 3.5 GHz Frequencies

Cellular developments encourage the integration of both 4G, Wi-Fi, and 5G network technologies into one device; an antenna is a tool that can be used to support the integration of these networks. A microstrip antenna is an antenna that is small, light, thin, easy to fabricate, and can be used in long ranges. In this paper, a microstrip antenna is designed on a printed circuit board (PCB) with a permittivity of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. This research aims to design a microstrip antenna that is capable of working on 4G (2.3 GHz), Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), and 5G 3.5 GHZ) frequencies in one antenna. The microstrip antenna is designed on a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) with a permittivity of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 mm, rectangular shaped patches, and each patch is connected using a bridging method. Next, the antenna is simulated using CST Suite 2021 software. Simulation results at frequencies of 2.3 GHz, 2.4 GHz, and 3.5 GHz produce return losses of -23.70, -22.87, and -20.60, VSWR values of 1, respectively. .13, 1.15, and 1.20, the bandwidth values are 6.27%, 3.84%, and 5.84%, respectively, and the gain values are 4.69 dBi, 8.53 dBi, and 3.49 dBi.

Bandwidth-enhanced FSS-loaded Semi-circular Patch Antenna for C-band Applications

Aim: This study aimed to develop and analyse a bandwidth-enhanced C band antenna loaded with EBG and FSS Structures to improve the antenna performance. Methods: This paper illustrates the design of a semi-circular microstrip antenna with a modified circular ring Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) and an Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure for improved bandwidth and an omnidirectional pattern. The patch antenna is aimed at C-Band intersatellite communication links in a constellation. Results and Discussion: In literature, the application of EBG and FSS together is seldom used. The semicircular patch is aimed at retaining the omnidirectional antenna pattern at higher frequencies, as well as bandwidth, which is achieved through FSS and EBG structures. The modeling and simulation of the antenna have been carried out with 3D EM solvers. The simulated patch antenna operates in a wideband ranging from 4.1 GHz to 7.1 GHz with a gain of 1.9 dB at 5.33 GHz and 1.4 dB at 4.5 GHz. Conclusion: The proposed antenna design is vertically polarized. The simulation results are validated with measurement results.

Design and simulation of rectangular patch microstrip antenna with inset feed for ADS-B system

The ADS-B system serves to track the location of aircraft. Ground station in the ADSB system is a receiver system that captures aircraft location signals using frequency 1090. Antenna is a key device for ADS-B communication. This paper is intended to develop a square microstrip antenna that has a working frequency of 1090 MHz. The material used is FR4 substrate, and the dielectric material is chopper. The antenna design is simulated using Matlab's Antenna Toolbox with its various conveniences. The simulation results of the patch antenna design with inset feed optimization resulted in a working frequency close to 1090 MHz, a VSWR value close to 1 and a Gain of 9.59 dBi.

DESAIN ANTENA MIKROSTRIP RADAR CUACA PESAWAT PADA FREKUENSI 9,4 GHZ

The application of radar in the world of aviation is the existence of aircraft weather radar to monitor weather conditions around the aircraft in real time. Aircraft weather radar requires an antenna to support detection. The author makes microstrip antenna design research using the Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) method combined with array techniques to produce high gain parameters. The research method uses 4D from Thiagarajan, namely Define, Design, Develop and
 
 Disseminate. To obtain high gain, this study designs single patch, 1x2, 4x4, and 8x4 antenna designs with insert feed and coaxial integration techniques. Then compare based on the substrate used, namely FR-4 and Rogers RT-5880. Analysis includes gain, VSWR, return loss, bandwidth and radiation pattern. The microstrip design is made by doing antenna calculations and determining the method used, namely array and WPD, then designing the design in the application. The FR-4 and Rogers RT- 5880 substrate microstrip antenna design has a VSWR value <2 and return loss <- 10 dB. The highest gain on the 8 x 4 insert feed Rogers RT-5880 array was 17.979 dBi and the bandwidth with the highest value of the 1x2 Rogers RT-5880 array was 651.1 MHz. Gain increases proportional to the number of patches. The Rogers RT- 5880 material produces higher gain than FR-4.

Design and Analysis of Micro strip Antenna for 5G Application

Abstract —In order to keep up with the evolving technology, there's a growing need for communication antennas with higher bandwidth. One major solution for this demand is 5G technology. To address this, we've developed a 3.45GHz antenna. The antenna is constructed using FR4 material, a double-sided copper-coated PCB with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a substrate height of 1.6mm. Our initial design involved simulating the antenna in Advanced Design System (ADS) and generating graphs for gain, directivity, frequency plot, radiation pattern, Electric field plane, and Magnetic field. Additionally, we utilized ADS software to create the equivalent circuit diagram and conducted simulations to calculate the S-parameters.

Development of Square Patch Microstrip Antenna Design by Using Three Dimension Finite Difference Time Domain Methods

The paper mainly focuses on developing a Square-shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna Design using Three Dimension Finite Difference Time Domain Methods. There have been many time steps for analyzing the electric field in the antenna design. The time step has been started from 0 ps to 1991 ps. The electric field changes from the starting point to the end of the time step prove the analysis of the developed antenna system's input signal and return loss, especially the square-shaped microstrip patch antenna based on the FDTD technique. The simulation results confirm that the fabricated antenna system is a perfect candidate for high-frequency purposes. The analysis has been developed by using MATLAB language.

Multi-Band Antenna Design Optimization Using Nature-Inspired Evolutionary Algorithm for 5G Wireless Communication

Automation and telecommunication systems are increasingly improving and becoming more easily integrated thanks to wireless communication technology, in which the essential component is the antenna. Designing and optimizing antenna structures still takes a lot of time, especially for complex structures with multiple operating frequency bands or complex material layers. With modern computing power, the speed of computation is increasingly efficient, and combining automated computation for optimization and design is entirely feasible. Many research groups around the world have implemented automated antenna design through optimization algorithms, genetic algorithms, swarm algorithms, collectively referred to as evolutionary algorithms. These algorithms simplify the antenna design process, making it more automated and optimized. In this paper, the Improved Black Hole algorithm is proposed and used to optimize the design of a CPW-Fed slot microstrip antenna.