Business Process Design Research Articles

Study On Risk Identification of Corporate Supply Chain Finance Based on ISM-MICMAC Model

It is crucial to accurately identify the main influencing factors of supply chain finance risk, analyze their mechanism of action and construct a system of influencing factors for risk management of supply chain finance. This paper examines the three parties involved in supply chain finance, including the financial institution, the core enterprise, and the SMEs, and screens out 21 major risk factors from them. This study calculates the adjacency matrix and accessibility matrix by using SPSSPRO, then constructs the interpretative structural modeling method (ISM) and the recursive structure diagram. Combining the Matrix-based Multiplication Applied to a Classification (MICMAC), this paper classifies the influencing factors into four categories: autonomous category, dependent category, linkages category, and independent category. The results show that: (1) the factors that constitute the deepest level of risk in supply chain finance are crediting false trade, non-standard bill of lading, data information security risk, imperfection of business process design, et cetera. (2) Among all factors, three factors are identified as the autonomous category, nine as the independent category, and nine as the dependent category with no linkages category.

Modeling of Information Processes in Analytical Activity

The aim of the article is to highlight the role of modeling in information processes from the point of view of revealing latent (hidden) information, and its impact on effective decision-making in analytics.
 Research methods. The methodology of the study was based on general scientific principles of systematicity, complexity, comprehensiveness of knowledge, unity of theory and practice. The achievement of the set goal was facilitated by the use of general scientific methods (review and analytical method, analysis, synthesis, modeling, system approach, generalization), and special ones (bibliographic method, information diagnostics (express analysis)) at the theoretical and empirical levels of research.
 Scientific novelty of the study consists in systematization and generalization of certain knowledge (about models and modeling), and new knowledge (about disclosure by modeling latent information in analytics) in the aspect of the present and the prospects for its development within one research.
 Main conclusions. In accordance with the main approach in information and analytical activity, the conceptual models construction of information objects, processes and phenomena allows to quickly and systematically reveal latent information about hidden ideas, meanings, external and internal factors influencing the situation, tendencies, patterns of the situation development, cause-and-effect relationships, aims of subjects’ actions, risks, threats, problems, connections (dependencies), power centers, spheres of their interests and other factors that are too important in the process of making balanced and effective decisions. For an analyst/expert, a simplified model of some certain information process (problem) is primarily an ideal option for cognition, saving efforts and resources (mainly, time), as well as a safeguard against making biased conclusions and erroneous (ineffective) offers and recommendations to decision-makers. It was emphasized that the existing extensive species diversity of information models allows the analyst/expert to effectively apply them at any stage of research. A special place in the design of business processes rightfully belongs to modeling. Therefore, modeling of information processes is a universal technique in the analyst’s activity, and a powerful means of achieving efficiency in any practice.

Exact and approximation algorithms for synthesizing specific classes of optimal block-structured processes

The design of optimal business processes is practically important in many areas including: manufacturing, process mining, planning & scheduling, and parallel computing. Business processes are usually required to satisfy correctness and robustness properties. Block-structured models have certain advantages by ensuring basic correctness and robustness by design. The aim of this work is to provide an in-depth investigation of the problem of automated synthesis of optimal block-structured processes. Our results concern new theoretical insights into this rather new problem, as well as new exact and approximation algorithms for various problem variants.

Architectural Design of Business Processes For Community Empowerment and Flexibility Based on Presidential Regulation Number 132 of 2022

The development of information technology in daily life is very rapid so that it can increase the productivity of an individual or organization. The Government Sector also utilizes information technology in an effort to increase the provision of effective and efficient public services. Likewise with the Government of Indonesia, in 2018 issued Presidential Regulation No. 95 of 2018 concerning Electronic-Based Government Systems (SPBE) as a guideline for governance that utilizes information and communication technology to provide quality public services. SPBE evaluation and monitoring is carried out by the Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform (KemenPANRB) in every government agency in Indonesia. In 2020 the results of the SPBE evaluation at the Tangerang City Government obtained a score of 3.44 with a good index. For this reason, this research focuses on improving SPBE governance which includes the standardization and integration of SPBE business processes for the Tangerang City Government. This research provides a solution in the form of an SPBE enterprise architecture design in the business process domain according to the SPBE architecture. Several phases are used, namely the preliminary phase, architecture vision, and business process architecture. The main phase of this design is the business process architecture which produces level 0 business process maps, level 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 business process maps and cross-functional maps as standardization of SPBE business processes according to PermenPANRB No. 19 of 2018.

Methods that bridge business models and business processes: a synthesis of the literature

PurposeBusiness models are increasingly recognized as a concept to support innovation in organizations. The implementation and operation of a new or altered business model involves the (re-)design of an organization's business processes and their successful execution. This study reviews and synthesizes the existing body of literature to guide organizations in systematically moving from a business model design to the implementation and operation of the business model through their underlying business processes.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review of the methods that bridge business models and business processes is performed. The selected 34 studies are classified according to the method's characteristics and the support in the design, implementation and operation of business models.FindingsThe results of the systematic review provide an overview of existing methods that organizations can adopt when moving from business model design into the implementation and operation of their business model using processes.Originality/valueThis work provides a comprehensive overview and detailed insight into the existing methods that align business models and business processes. It increases the understanding on how these two concepts can be synthesized to support more effective digital innovation in organizations. Based on the review results, knowledge gaps are identified and an agenda for future research bridging the fields of business models and business processes is proposed.

Process mining meets model learning: Discovering deterministic finite state automata from event logs for business process analysis

Within the process mining field, Deterministic Finite State Automata (DFAs) are largely employed as foundation mechanisms to perform formal reasoning tasks over the information contained in the event logs, such as conformance checking, compliance monitoring and cross-organization process analysis, just to name a few. To support the above use cases, in this paper, we investigate how to leverage Model Learning (ML) algorithms for the automated discovery of DFAs from event logs. DFAs can be used as a fundamental building block to support not only the development of process analysis techniques, but also the implementation of instruments to support other phases of the Business Process Management (BPM) lifecycle such as business process design and enactment. The quality of the discovered DFAs is assessed wrt customized definitions of fitness, precision, generalization, and a standard notion of DFA simplicity. Finally, we use these metrics to benchmark ML algorithms against real-life and synthetically generated datasets, with the aim of studying their performance and investigate their suitability to be used for the development of BPM tools.

Business Process Design With BPR Life Cycle in Fertilizer Provision

Fertilizer is a supporter of soil growth and enrichment so as to increase agricultural production while at the same time improving environmental quality. The use of fertilizer is adjusted to the amount of land needed and the number of seeds purchased. In reality, fertilizer for shallots is still difficult to obtain, and prices are still high above retail prices, making shallot farmers want fertilizer subsidies from the government even though the subsidies provided are still inadequate and uneven. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of providing fertilizer on land area, seed needs, and prediction of fertilizer needs for shallots. The results of this analysis resulted in the design of business processes in the supply of fertilizers using the Business Process Reengineering Life Cycle method. Primary data collection was carried out using questionnaires and interviews with shallot farmers. The results showed that the production of fertilizer needs in accordance with the area of land and the number of seeds used. Therefore, efforts to increase the competitiveness of shallots can be carried out by proposing the BPR Life Cycle, so that the proposed framework is expected to be realized in order to increase productivity and build farmer institutions to realize further agricultural development.

A SOFTWARE TOOL FOR QUALITY MEASUREMENT OF BUSINESS PROCESS MODELS USING DISTANCES IN N-DIMENSIONAL SPACE

This paper considers the problem of quality measurement of business process models using the n-dimensional space distances. Business process models are graphical schemes similar to flowcharts or activity diagrams utilized in software engineering, usually represented using the BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) or EPC (Event-driven Process Chain) notations. Business process modeling aims to capture current enterprise workflows for their analysis and then improvement using automation through IT (Information Technology) systems deployment. Therefore, designed business process models should be of high quality, so all “weak spots” of described organizational workflows could be properly identified and replaced with more efficient solutions. Whereas process models, which are not understandable, un-structured, and/or uncertain, may cause even more issues when used to improve organizational activities. Therefore, this study proposes quality measures and a software tool that can be used to detect errors in BPMN and EPC business process models using distances in n-dimensional space. The formal problem statement based on the graph-based description of business process models was given. Business process model quality characteristics and measures that consider features of both BPMN and EPC notations were proposed. Distances in n-dimensional space were suggested for usage to measure the quality of business process models. The algorithm for business process model quality measurement was proposed. The software tool to measure the quality of BPMN and EPC business process models was designed and developed. The quality of sample business process models was measured using the software tool. Obtained results were analyzed and discussed. This paper considers the Euclidean distance only, while other existing n-dimensional space distance measures or, on the opposite, similarity measures, can be used to evaluate business process model quality in further research.

Sistem Informasi Alih Kredit Mata Kuliah (SIAKSI) untuk Mahasiswa berbasis Web

Currently, the Open University Information Systems study program has developed a credit transfer application but it is not optimal. Administrators and assessing lecturers must manually input student credit transfer applications and students cannot monitor the credit transfer application process. The purpose of this study is to create an information system for transferring course credits for students so as to overcome problems in current business processes. The software development method uses Waterfall which consists of needs analysis, design, coding and testing. The analysis stage uses the PIECES method which examines aspects of performance, information, economy, security, efficiency and customer service. The business process design is depicted using the Use Case and Activity Diagrams, while the system testing uses Black Box. Our findings are in the form of an information system that can help the academic process to transfer course credits. In addition, the results of blackbox testing, all components in this system have run well according to the previously built design. Therefore, the existence of this system can help the campus to record students who will be about credits in the courses they take

Sistem Informasi Simpan Pinjam Dan Pengelolaan Hasil Pertanian Bumdes Baru Kabupaten Barito Selatan Berbasis Website

BUMDes Baru is a village-owned enterprise established with the intention to improve the welfare of the people of Desa Baru through its main program, namely savings and loans, as well as additional programs in the form of management of agricultural products and village markets. Currently, all activities including savings and loans transactions, PKR levies, facility rentals and making monthly reports for BUMDes are still carried out manually. This resulted in people having to come to the BUMDes secretariat repeatedly in order to take care of loan applications. Therefore, a Website-Based Information System for Savings and Loans and Management of Agricultural Products of New Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) of South Barito Regency was created..
 The methodology used in the Savings and Loans Information System and Agricultural Product Management of the New BUMDes is waterfall, with stages, namely the Requirements Definition stage which is carried out in making business process designs and flowcharts, System and Software Design is carried out in making Data Flow Diagrams, Entity Relationship Diagrams, Databases and Interface Design, Implementation and Unit Testing with the programming languages ​​used, namely PHP, Javascript, PhpMyAdmin and Integration and System Testing using the Blackbox Testing method.
 This website is intended to facilitate the public in seeking information about the New BUMDes, facilitating members in conducting savings and loan transactions, leasing facilities and kiosks, PKR retribution transactions, and facilitating the management of BUMDes to be more organized and detailed.

Uncertainty measurement of a configurable business process

AbstractToday, the economic crisis is putting enormous pressure on most organizations. It evolves in a crucial competitive environment with a multiplication of production cycles and implementation on the market. Due to this dynamism, organizations must be scalable and agile by adopting an approach that aims to make the process model of a given organization reusable. Indeed, according to the new paradigm which is called “Design by reuse” the models of configurable processes, gain recently in importance since these models have the capacity to represent explicitly the common parts and variables of identical processes in a customizable model. These configurable process which group several execution choices through a variation point called configurable connector will present an uncertainty related to the execution (or not) of the conditional tasks in a process model. In this paper, we propose a measure based on Shannon's entropy in order to model the uncertainty of the process at design time to guide configurable business process designers and analysts in developing and improving processes to be more predictable, less complex, and more understandable.

NEW NORMAL UMKM: DESAIN SISTEM REKRUTMEN KARYAWAN BERBASIS DIGITAL

The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach, namely an approach in the form of collecting data, processing, and analyzing and interpreting it qualitatively. The research location is in several MSMEs spread across the city of Denpasar. The research data collection was carried out for 2 months, from January to February 2021. The scope of this research was to design a digital-based employee recruitment system for MSMEs, then evaluate the results of the design. The data analysis technique used in this research is adjusting to the data collection methods used, namely literature study, observation, and questionnaires. From the three data collection models, data analysis was carried out using the following models: Data Reduction, Data Display and Conclusion Drawing/Verification. Research on the design of a digital-based employee recruitment system for MSMEs as a solution to adapting new habits (new normal) results in a business process design using Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) and designing the system interface. While the results of the evaluation in the form of a questionnaire to users who will use this system indicate that the overall information system is very good, as many as 36 people answered with a very good response.

Cyber-Resiliency for Digital Enterprises: A Strategic Leadership Perspective

As organizations increasingly view information as one of their most valuable assets, which supports the creation and distribution of their products and services, information security will be an integral part of the design and operation of organizational business processes. Yet, risks associated with cyber-attacks are on the rise. Organizations that are subjected to attacks can suffer significant reputational damage as well as loss of information and knowledge. As a consequence, effective leadership is cited as a critical factor for ensuring corporate level attention for information security. However, there is a lack of empirical understanding as to the roles strategic leaders play in shaping and supporting the cyber-security strategy. This article seeks to address this gap in the literature by focusing on how senior leaders support the cyber-security strategy. The authors conducted a series of exploratory interviews with leaders in the positions of Chief Information Officer, Chief Security Information Officer, and Chief Technology Officer. The findings revealed that leaders are engaged in both transitional, where the focus is on improving governance and integration and transformational support, which involves fostering a new cultural mindset for cyber-resiliency and the development of an ecosystem approach to security thinking.

Peran Technopreneurs dalam Komersialiasi Teknologi Konverter Kit Motor Listrik (Studi Kasus: PT. EKM)

Most of the technology from universities (PT) related to technological innovation often fails to enter the market. This problem then becomes the basis and object of improvement in technology-based entrepreneurial practices (technopreneurs). Learning is carried out through Independence Learning Campus Independence (MBKM) which converts courses according to training subjects in collaboration with PUI UNS and BPPT. This practice is a model of participatory and collaborative learning, in which students are directly involved in solving existing case studies and act as perpetrators of technology commercialization and become technopreneurs. Students are initially given training materials in accordance with the curriculum and direct learning from existing tenants. As a result, through this learning process, students can design business process proposals that exist in tenants. The success of this learning method was assessed based on technopreneur analysis from students in answering problems faced by tenants based on aspects of product technology innovation, product development, business development, and its implementation at BMC. One of the tenants who is the object of the case study in this study is the start-up PT. EKM who have problems with the commercialization of technology in the case of konverter kit products.

Key Concepts of Designing Business Processes in Hospitality Enterprises: Trend Analysis

The article is devoted to studying design business processes concepts with the use of trend analysis. The study aims to develop a methodology for designing business processes based on the study of the business design theoretical foundations and data trend analysis. The field of research is the business processes of the hospitality industry, which includes the operation of hotels and restaurants. The article proposes a methodology as well as a set of methods for business process design. These are statistical and economic analysis methods, trend analysis, correlation analysis, and horizontal and vertical analysis. The result of the study is the methodology for designing business processes for new and existing hospitality enterprises. The flowchart of business process formation, based on the outgoing data, is shown. Outgoing data for new companies are collected by market research, demand or expert methods. The trend analysis method is used for existing companies, taking into account the seasonality level. Practical value of the research in improving the business analysis methodology in the hospitality sector.

Designing secure business processes for blockchains with SecBPMN2BC

Collaborative business processes can be seen as smart contracts, as they are oftentimes adopted to express agreements among different organizations. Indeed, they provide mechanisms to formalize the obligations of each involved party. For instance, collaborative business processes can specify when a certain task should be executed, under which conditions a service should be offered to the other participants, and how physical objects and information should be manipulated. In this setting, to prevent misuse of smart contracts and services and information provided, it is paramount to guarantee by design that security requirements are fulfilled. With the rise in popularity of blockchains, several approaches exploiting the trusted smart contract execution environment offered by this technology to enforce collaborative business processes have been proposed. Yet, the complexity of business processes, security requirements, and blockchain applications calls for an engineering approach that guides the design of secure business processes. Such an approach should both take advantage of the possibilities offered by blockchain technology to enforce some security requirements (e.g., non-repudiation), and take into account the limitations blockchain poses for other security requirements (e.g., confidentiality). However, we are not aware of any existing work that aims at addressing such issues following a similar approach.In this article, we propose SecBPMN2BC: a model-driven approach to designing business processes with security requirements that are meant to be deployed on blockchains. SecBPMN2BC consists of: (i) an extension of BPMN 2.0 that allows designing secure smart contracts; (ii) a set of algorithms and their implementation that check incompatible security requirements and help the design of smart contracts; (iii) a workflow that guides the application of the method. The method has been validated with a survey conducted on security and BPMN experts.

ID2SBVR: A Method for Extracting Business Vocabulary and Rules from an Informal Document

Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules (SBVR) is a standard that is applied in describing business knowledge in the form of controlled natural language. Business process designers develop SBVR from formal documents and later translate it into business process models. In many immature companies, these documents are often unavailable and could hinder resource efficiency efforts. This study introduced a novel approach called informal document to SBVR (ID2SBVR). This approach is used to extract operational rules of SBVR from informal documents. ID2SBVR mines fact type candidates using word patterns or extracting triplets (actor, action, and object) from sentences. A candidate fact type can be a complex, compound, or complex-compound sentence. ID2SBVR extracts fact types from candidate fact types and transforms them into a set of SBVR operational rules. The experimental results show that our approach can be used to generate the operational rules of SBVR from informal documents with an accuracy of 0.91. Moreover, ID2SBVR can also be used to extract fact types with an accuracy of 0.96. The unstructured data is successfully converted into semi-structured data for use in pre-processing. ID2SBVR allows the designer to automatically generate business process models from informal documents.

Process Mining Dwelling Time at the Container Port using the Alpha Miner Method

The problem of measuring the dwelling time of the container logistics process at ports in developing countries is often a major problem. Therefore, process mining as a field of data science that focuses on analyzing event log data is used to perform business process analysis. In process mining, the process is a sequence of events or activities that are carried out to achieve certain goals. Event logs help an organization to find gaps between the designed business processes and the reality of the processes that occur. In this study PM4PY as a python library is used to perform process mining techniques. The results of the fitness calculation in this study indicate that the container logistics business process model is close to 0.99.

Can non-audit services from shared auditors in the supply chain mitigate the impact of the bullwhip effect on investment efficiency?

Amplified demand variability along the supply chain due to the bullwhip effect often leads to a mismatch between actual and planned demand. We study whether this demand distortion leads to less efficient investments for upstream suppliers than for downstream suppliers in the supply chain and whether this effect can be mitigated by non-audit services (NAS) provided by a shared auditor – an auditor that provides audit services to both a supplier and its major customer. Using a dataset of firms in different tiers of the supply chain, we find that suppliers farther upstream in the supply chain tend to have lower investment efficiency. However, upstream suppliers can mitigate this negative impact by purchasing NAS from a shared auditor in the supply chain. We find that the mitigating effect of NAS provided by a shared auditor is driven mainly by tax-related NAS, which is consistent with the notion that tax-related NAS improve investment efficiency by enhancing the design of business processes. Further supporting this interpretation, we show that upstream suppliers with a greater need for improved business processes, such as those with longer operating cycles and less bargaining power over customers, benefit more from purchasing tax-related NAS from a shared auditor. Overall, we identify a novel consequence of the bullwhip effect for the supply chain, namely reduced investment efficiency for upstream suppliers, and demonstrate that NAS provided by a shared auditor in the supply chain can mitigate this negative impact.

Penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Berbasis Aplikasi Microsoft

This study aims to analyze the role of application-based AIS for UD. Meeting Sustenance. This research method is descriptive qualitative. The object of this research is UD. Meet Sustenance which is located in Yosomulyo, Kab. Banyuwangi. The results showed that the existing business processes at UD. Meeting Sustenance in the application application stage through a computer can be described with a Flowchart flow to facilitate identification of business processes. Conclusion, UD. Temu Rezeki has not yet implemented a computer-based accounting information system.
 Keywords: Accounting Information System (AIS), Sales System, Computer Application, MSME