Case Study Design Research Articles

‘We are all disabled’: one British Pakistani man’s struggle navigating his hybrid identities

ABSTRACT The case study of Alex that we explore in this paper broadens our knowledge about the notions of ethnicity and disability and their interplay for one British Pakistani man with a diagnosis of epilepsy and his everyday life in Britain. This paper presents indicative findings and qualitative insights based on lived experience, which is particularly valuable for identity-related research. We offer a review of the existing literature around disability, ethnicity, hybrid identity, and South Asian perception of disability and impairment. We provide a note on methodology, including a case study design and thematic analysis, together with participant demographic details. The paper contributes to contemporary debates about how South Asian men with a disability construct new forms of identity and belonging in Britain. A qualitative case study of a self-identifying British Pakistani man, who has a diagnosis of epilepsy, sought to understand how he formulated identity and employed differing practices in navigating belonging in relation to his ethnicity/migrant background on the one hand and his disability/chronic illness on the other. The findings indicate that the intersectionality of ethnicity and disability, racism, and ableism constitutes truly nuanced forms of othering and a ‘hybrid identity’.

Implementasi Program Gema Sajadah (Gerakan Madrasah Sampah Jadi Sedekah) dalam Membentuk Karakter Peduli Lingkungan Siswa di MTsN 9 Jombang

The Gema Sajadah Program (Gerakan Madrasah Sampah Jadi Sedekah) is an environmentally based initiative aimed at developing students' environmentally conscious character through waste management activities and social actions. The issue raised in this study is the lack of student involvement in concrete environmental conservation activities within the school environment. This study aims to determine the implementation of the Gema Sajadah Program, identify students' environmentally conscious character, and examine the program's influence on character formation in students at MTsN 9 Jombang. The method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that this program significantly fosters awareness and an environmentally caring attitude among students. Through direct practice, such as collecting recyclable waste and used cooking oil, students demonstrate an increase in concern for cleanliness and environmental sustainability. Social interaction during these activities also strengthens empathy and collective responsibility. In conclusion, Gema Sajadah is effective in shaping students' character through an applicable contextual approach. Its implication is that this program can serve as a character education model that can be replicated in other schools as an effort to cultivate a generation that is balanced in its concern for environmental and social issues.

Inter-Regional Cooperation Model for Managing the Tumpak Sewu Waterfall Tourist Attraction in Sidomulyo Village, Lumajang Regency

This study explores the model of inter-regional cooperation in managing the Tumpak Sewu Waterfall tourist attraction, using three analytical lenses: legal-administrative, community politics, and inter-organizational politics. The research adopts a qualitative method with a case study design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, field observations, focus group discussions (FGDs), and document analysis. The data analysis follows the interactive model developed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Findings indicate that, from a legal-administrative perspective, a formal cooperation agreement between the Lumajang and Malang Regency Governments is urgently needed. The East Java Provincial Government is expected to facilitate this process to resolve ongoing jurisdictional disputes. From the community politics perspective, local stakeholders have demonstrated collective awareness and commitment to preserving and promoting the area's ecotourism potential. However, social tensions remain, particularly due to the dual ticketing practice, whereby visitors are charged both by the Sidomulyo Village Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) at the main entrance and by Sidorenggo residents at the base of the waterfall. From the perspective of inter-organizational politics, each regency government continues to pursue its institutional interests, preventing consensus on the administrative status of the Tumpak Sewu (also known as Coban Sewu) site. This lack of coordination has strained grassroots relations and hindered the implementation of integrated tourism management between the villages of Sidomulyo and Sidorenggo.

Doctoral education and the knowledge triangle: dynamics of linkage to other sectors in doctoral programs in Uganda

Purpose This study aims to explore the dynamics of linking doctoral programs to other sectors constituting future workplaces and fields of public engagement for doctoral graduates in Uganda. This is in light of the current global pressures for universities to contribute more directly to society, and changes in student demographics and career aspirations. In a number of jurisdictions, intentional linkage to other sectors is being pursued to better prepare doctoral graduates for work beyond academia. However, not much is known about the dynamics involved. Guided by the knowledge triangle framework, this paper posits that creating sufficient links between education, research and innovation through linkage to other sectors can offer a window of opportunities for attaining relevant doctoral outcomes for both students and wider society. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative multiple case study design was used to explore mechanisms of linking doctoral programs to other sectors in Uganda. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 45 participants selected across all institutions providing doctoral education in Uganda. Thematic analysis was used to make sense of the data. Findings The study found no formal mechanisms for linking doctoral programs to other sectors. Lack of institutionalization, narrow focus in program design, cultural mismatch and resource limitations were major systemic constraints to effective linkage to other sectors in doctoral education. Institutionalization of integrated learning in collaborative university-other sector settings in doctoral education in Uganda is recommended. Research limitations/implications The research data is exclusively from higher education institutions, the possibility of not comprehensively reflecting the broader perspectives from other sectors cannot be overlooked. A more comprehensive study of the dynamics of innovating doctoral education in Uganda through coherent collaboration between higher education institutions and other sectors to ensure the success of linking education, research and innovation is recommended. Practical implications Promoting the knowledge triangle approach in doctoral education by creation of synergies between education, research and innovation through linkages to the other sectors would enhance the attainment of relevant doctoral outcomes for students and the wider society. Originality/value This paper offers deeper insights into the dynamics of enhancing the relevance of doctorates and doctoral research outputs beyond the academia.

An Overview of the State of the Art of Mobile XR and Lessons Learnt So Far

(Trendsetter Presentation) Mobile extended reality, encompassing augmented reality, virtual reality, and mixed reality, has advanced significantly over the past decade. Transitioning from high-cost, tethered systems into increasingly accessible, mobile-first platforms, these technologies have been integrated into education, training, and cultural sectors with varied results. As smartphones, head-mounted displays, and web-based frameworks evolved, so too did the opportunities and constraints of delivering extended reality experiences at scale. This presentation provides a structured overview of the current state of mobile extended reality. It is organised around five key developmental phases, beginning with early mobile visualisation and simple three degrees of freedom experiences, followed by the emergence of marker-based augmented reality and physical-digital hybrid approaches using 3D printing. Subsequent phases focus on mobile-first immersive learning, collaborative virtual environments, affective biometric feedback, and the recent shift toward spatial computing with artificial intelligence integration. The presentation draws on over twenty published case studies in education, health, construction, design, and cultural heritage. These include simulations for remote paramedic skill development, mobile augmented reality heritage tours, immersive cinema projects using heart rate and brainwave data, and international comparisons of mobile web-based augmented reality access and usability. Each case study is used to identify specific design challenges and pedagogical implications, including issues of onboarding, user interface complexity, physical discomfort, and cultural and ethical sensitivity. Lessons from these implementations are critically examined. Key successes include measurable skill transfer, high learner engagement, and the development of comparative visualisation pedagogy. Challenges include limited scalability beyond pilot deployments, insufficient inclusion of diverse learner needs, and difficulty sustaining cross-institutional collaboration. Design-based research and multimodal evaluation approaches have played an essential role in identifying these factors. The presentation also reflects on how mobile extended reality intersects with policy and standards. It includes examples from international safety guidelines, ethical design frameworks, and institutional deployment models. These considerations are used to inform a broader discussion of where mobile extended reality currently stands and where future development is needed. Participants will leave with a comprehensive understanding of the trajectory of mobile extended reality technologies and their application in real-world contexts. The session will be of particular relevance to educators, researchers, designers, and institutional leaders seeking evidence-informed guidance for designing, evaluating, or scaling mobile immersive learning environments. It will also identify future directions for research and development, including the need for longitudinal studies, integration of cognitive and emotional data, and improved accessibility for all learners.

Triphthong Pronunciation Errors: An Analysis of English Education Students

A crucial component of learning English is pronunciation, which is necessary for efficient and transparent communication. Students frequently struggle, nevertheless, especially when it comes to complicated vowel sounds like triphthongs (/aʊə/, /aɪə/, /eɪə/, /oʊə/, /ɔɪə/). This study is to analyze the types and causes of triphthong pronunciation errors among English education students at Universitas Negeri Makassar. By identifying the common mistakes, it is able to understand the influence of first language interference, motivation, and learning exposure on pronunciation accuracy to provide insights into effective teaching strategies to improve students’ phonetic competence, enhance pronunciation instruction, and support clearer communication in English as a result. Ten students who have trouble pronouncing triphthongs are used as the study's sample, and it uses a qualitative approach using a case study design. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather the data, and Miles and Huberman's narrative data analysis (1994), which includes data gathering, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, was used to evaluate the data. According to the findings, (1) the most frequent mistakes were substitution, omission, and distortion; and (2) the interference of students' native tongues and the appearance of their learning attitude, demotivation, and age as contributing factors to having a good pronunciation for the triphthong sounds. This study advances our knowledge of pronunciation difficulties and offers suggestions for enhancing pronunciation instruction in English classes.

Analisis Kebijakan SE Dirjen Pendis No. 10 Tahun 2024 Panduan Program Makan Bergizi Gratis di Lingkungan Pesantren: Implikasi terhadap Motivasi Belajar Santri

This study aims to analyze the Implementation of the Policy of the Directorate General of Islamic Education Circular No. 10 of 2024 concerning the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at the Tarogong Islamic Boarding School, Garut Regency, and its impact on students' learning motivation. Education, especially in Islamic boarding schools, requires special attention regarding adequate nutritional access for students, which has a significant impact on the learning process. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, which allows researchers to explore in depth the experiences and perceptions of students, teachers, Islamic boarding school leaders, kitchen managers and parents regarding this program. The results of the study indicate that this policy has a positive impact on students' learning motivation, where the majority of students reported increased enthusiasm and concentration in participating in learning after receiving nutritious food intake regularly. However, there are challenges in its implementation, such as the quality of distribution and the need for training for supporting staff. This study provides recommendations for related parties to improve collaboration between educational institutions, local governments, and logistics providers for the sustainability of the program, as well as implementing evaluation mechanisms to improve aspects that are less effective. In conclusion, the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) not only functions as a nutritional intervention, but also as an important strategy in improving the motivation and learning achievement of students in Islamic boarding schools.

Disparities in the access and provision of mental health services as part of primary health care: a case study of Ga-South district in the Greater Accra region

Mental illness can be as debilitating as physical ailments, yet many mental health patients lack access to quality mental health care in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify and characterize disparities in access to mental health care, as well as challenges in service provision, in the Ga-South district of Ghana. A qualitative case study design was used, employing purposive and snowball sampling to recruit participants. Sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 participants, which included one interview with 2 participants. The participants were mental health patients, caregivers of mental health patients, mental health advocates, health promotion officers, and psychiatric nurses in the Ga-South district of Ghana. The findings reveal that stigma, inadequate support, deficiencies in diagnosis and referral, and high treatment costs create substantial disparities in mental health care access. Stigma around mental health constrains both the provision of mental health care by nurses and healthcare-seeking efforts by patients. Diagnosis and referrals of mental health cases are sometimes deficient in the district, with some medical officers and midwives diagnosing mental health conditions inadequately before referrals to psychiatrists. Nurses on the wards also struggle to manage mental health cases, even after receiving mental health training from their facilities. Findings also reveal that some healthcare professionals sometimes exhibit apathy toward mental health issues. The cost of services and medications for patients is also high which prevents patients from seeking care. Additionally, a critical shortage of psychiatrists results in inadequate patient follow-up. The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive reforms in mental health care delivery to promote inclusion and address disparity issues. It is necessary to ensure equitable access to quality mental health services by addressing workforce shortages and financial barriers, as well as enhancing awareness, training, and efforts to reduce stigma. Prioritizing these reforms will help to create a healthcare system that effectively supports mental health, promoting healthier communities and improving overall health outcomes.

Health promotion in French national sports federations: the challenge of settings-based approach implementation.

Research has shown that sports clubs call upon support from national sports federations (NSFs) to develop into a setting to promote health. The present study investigates how French NSFs themselves promote health. A two-step case study design was undertaken. A website analysis of 51 NSFs recognized as health promoting by the French National Olympic Committee was executed to examine health promotion (HP) visibility, and presence in strategic plans, committees and programs. Based on this search, four NSFs were chosen for an in-depth study, including interviews with representatives and a document analysis. Data were analyzed based on the Ottawa Charter strategies for HP. Results across all studied NSFs confirmed that NSFs are committed to HP, but HP is not mentioned directly, not visible, nor properly understood. Rather, a health topic approach is adopted, specifically focusing on strategies to enhance social and physical health. HP implementation lacks coordination, where resource investment is based on the sports ministry's focus on specific health topics, in a reactive manner, to implement national policies. NSFs' implementation of HP is very similar to that of a sports club, demonstrating that sports federations' vision and actions towards HP have to quit the silo and health topics approach in order to better support HP in their affiliated clubs. Future research should investigate determinants of HP implementation among NSFs. Practical implications include a recognition of HP beyond health topics, an integration of health as a transversal aim in NSFs' policies and programs, and a governance system to coordinate HP activities.

Efektivitas Teknik Relaksasi Napas dalam dan Kompres Air Hangat Menggunakan Warm Water Zak untuk Meredakan Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi

Postoperative pain is a common complaint that affects patients' comfort and quality of life, especially among the elderly who experience declining physical function. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of deep breathing relaxation techniques and warm compresses using a Warm Water Zag (WWZ) in alleviating postoperative pain. The research employed a descriptive case study design involving an elderly patient in Prigi Village who experienced acute pain following surgery due to a prior fall. Nursing interventions were implemented over three days, focusing on improving family health management through education and family coping support. Results indicated a significant reduction in pain after the application of deep breathing exercises and warm compress therapy. These therapies work by improving local blood circulation, relaxing muscles, and reducing physiological responses to pain through parasympathetic nervous system activation. Daily evaluations showed enhanced patient comfort and active family involvement in care. These findings suggest that a complementary combination of deep breathing relaxation and warm compresses can serve as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for postoperative pain management. Furthermore, the intervention supports increased family engagement in elderly care at home.

Enhancing Employability Skills in Pre-Service Teacher Training: Strategies for Higher Education Institutions in Uganda. A Case Study of Kyambogo University

Despite the growing demand for competent teachers in Uganda, pre-service teacher training programmes have been criticised for inadequately equipping graduates with employability skills essential for the dynamic education sector. These skills, including communication, creativity, critical thinking, and collaboration, are crucial for success in the contemporary education environment but remain inconsistently integrated into training curricula. This study investigated strategies for enhancing employability skills in pre-service teacher training programmes in higher education institutions, using Kyambogo University as a case study. Guided by Human Capital Theory, the study employed a qualitative case study design involving 40 purposively selected participants: 2 heads of department, 8 lecturers, 22 final-year pre-service teacher trainees, and 8 head teachers of graduate teachers. Data were collected through key informant interviews and focus group discussions and analysed thematically. Findings revealed seven key strategies for enhancing employability skills: (1) explicit integration in curricula, (2) stronger collaboration between universities and employing institutions, (3) structured career guidance and counselling, (4) staff capacity building, (5) holistic assessment approaches, (6) policy development and enforcement, and (7) improved institutional infrastructure and support systems. The study concludes that a multi-faceted approach anchored in curriculum reform, policy alignment, and institutional investment is critical for preparing pre-service teachers to meet labour market demands. This study provides practical insights for curriculum developers, university administrators, and policymakers seeking to improve teacher preparedness and employability in Uganda and similar educational contexts.

The practices and challenges of accelerated educational programs in North Wollo zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia

This study aimed to investigate the practices and challenges of the Accelerated Education Program (AEP) in the North Wollo Zone, with a particular focus on its alignment with Speed School guidelines. The research evaluated core programmatic components such as the implementation of teaching-learning activities, Self-Help Groups (SHGs), and the prospects of the program’s beneficiaries, while also identifying critical barriers affecting its success. A qualitative research approach grounded in the social constructivist paradigm was employed, utilizing a case study design to provide in-depth insight. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), observations, and document reviews. A total of 25 key informants participated, including curriculum team leaders, Speed School Program (SSP) focal persons, school directors, supervisors, teachers, and students. Thematic analysis was applied, and results were presented narratively. The study found that both ALFA and adoption classes completed their instructional activities within the prescribed ten-month timeframe, though daily schedules varied by school. Preliminary activities, including stakeholder validation workshops, were conducted at multiple administrative levels. However, the program encountered serious financial limitations such as delayed fund disbursement, insufficient training budgets, and lack of incentives for implementers. Regarding SHGs, 315 out of 375 targeted mothers (84%) participated, contributing to a total savings and project fund of ETB 172,875, which supported small-scale income-generating projects like livestock and poultry production. Teachers noted that SHGs enhanced not only household income but also parent collaboration and engagement in education. The findings highlight both the potential and fragility of the Accelerated Education Program. While the program has demonstrated promising outcomes in community engagement and student reintegration, its long-term success is threatened by funding and coordination challenges. It is recommended that stakeholders view the Speed School as a strategic intervention aligned with national education and development goals. Strengthened partnerships, community dialogue on the importance of education, and the establishment of robust, well-funded social protection mechanisms are critical to sustaining the program and addressing the needs of out-of-school children.

Teacher mentorship and support: a methodological approach to enhance community of learners in secondary schools in Tanzania

PurposeThis study examined the impact of teacher mentorship and support on enhancing the community of teachers as learners through a school-based in-service training model aimed at influencing student learning. Specifically, it examined mentorship practices and the support provided to mathematics teachers in secondary schools to enhance their teaching competencies. It also investigated the methods employed during teacher mentorship and support to facilitate collaborative learning across various learning communities linked to schools.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a qualitative research approach and a case study design, using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions to gather data that were thematically analysed.FindingsThe study revealed that participation in the in-service training initiative enabled mathematics teachers to form learning communities with their mentors, colleagues, students, and the wider community of educational professionals. Teachers had opportunities to participate in mentorship activities, both in person and virtually, utilizing social media platforms. It was also found that a structured mentorship programme, grounded in a clear framework, could support teachers in mastering collaborative learning, thereby improving their teaching practices and assessment strategies.Practical implicationsWhen considering the contribution of mentoring practices to promote teachers’ and students’ learning, schools need to create frameworks that facilitate teacher learning through their communities. Furthermore, the teaching model ought to be incorporated into the professional development initiatives currently in place in various schools across Tanzania.Originality/valueA key outcome is that mentoring through communities of learners proved beneficial in improving classroom practices by enhancing teachers’ competence in innovative pedagogy and mastery of subject matter, as well as strengthening collaborative learning.

Teachers’ Perspectives on Bullying Behaviors in Value-Based School Culture

Bullying is defined as the situation in which an individual is exposed to negative behaviors that are repeated over time by another person or group. This situation is an important problem that negatively affects not only peer relationships but also teacher-student relationships. Bullying can occur in different types. These are classified as physical, verbal, social and psychological bullying. School culture can be defined as a dynamic structure created by school stakeholders (such as teachers, administrators and parents) within the framework of common values and rules. This culture directly affects students' social development and behaviors in the school environment. In this context, Values Education is of great importance for children to develop positive behaviors and to adapt to their environment in a healthy way. Values Education contributes to both the individual development of students and ensures their integration with social values. In particular, the acquisition of social values plays an important role in reducing bullying behaviors. This study aimed to examine teachers' views on bullying behaviors in a value-centered school culture. A case study, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the study. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview form and a personal information form. The case study design is a method that aims to examine a specific event, phenomenon or social group in depth within its own context. The study group of the research consists of a total of 22 class and branch teachers working in primary schools and preschool education institutions affiliated with the Ministry of National Education of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The participants were determined using the purposive sampling method. The obtained data were analyzed using the content analysis method. According to the research findings, it was determined that the value that teachers care most about instilling in their students in the school environment is respect. Love is second. In the light of this data, the scope of Values Education can be further expanded by including parental opinions in future studies.

A Multiple Source Qualitative Case Study of Person-Centered Care in HIV Care Delivered to Adults Living With HIV by Chile's Public Health Care System.

A Multiple Source Qualitative Case Study of Person-Centered Care in HIV Care Delivered to Adults Living With HIV by Chile's Public Health Care System.

Slanguage Practice: Examining its Implications in English Language Teaching

Language constantly evolves, and slang plays a crucial role in shaping students' communication patterns. This study examines the impact of slanguage on junior high school students in a private secondary school in Tacurong City, focusing on its influence on social interactions, identity formation, and academic communication. Using a qualitative multiple case study design, the research explores how students integrate slanguage into their daily discourse inside and outside the classroom. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with selected Grades 7 to 9 students and key informants such as canteen staff and hallway observers, ensuring a diverse perspective on slanguage practices. The findings revealed that dominant slang terms, often influenced by social media, shape peer interactions and contribute to students' sense of belonging. Furthermore, the study highlights the students' ability to code-switch between slang and formal language in academic settings, demonstrating their linguistic adaptability. While slanguage fosters social bonding, it can also present challenges in maintaining focus during formal educational activities. Additionally, the research identifies distinctions between spoken and written communication, emphasizing that students consciously limit slang usage in academic writing while freely incorporating it into everyday conversations. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of contemporary language practices among Filipino youth, offering implications for educators and policymakers. The study suggests that integrating elements of slanguage into English Language Teaching (ELT) may enhance student engagement while maintaining academic rigor. Future research may explore the long-term effects of slanguage on literacy skills, formal writing, and social identity development.

Relationships between internal facilitation processes and implementation outcomes among hospitals participating in a quality improvement collaborative to reduce cesarean births: a mixed-methods embedded case study

BackgroundQuality improvement collaboratives (QICs) are a common strategy for implementing evidence-based practices; however, there is often variable performance between participating organizations. Few studies of QICs assess the internal facilitation (IF) processes engaged in by participating organizations, which may be key to understanding and enhancing the effectiveness of QICs as an implementation strategy. We examined IF processes among hospitals participating in Maryland’s perinatal QIC to implement national guidelines for reducing primary cesarean births.MethodsThis study followed a mixed-methods embedded case study design. We conducted qualitative interviews with internal implementation leaders at 21 QIC-participating hospitals using a guide informed by the iPARIHS and CFIR frameworks. Two investigators independently coded transcripts in Dedoose using a modified CFIR codebook including seven IF process codes adapted from published categorizations. The investigators also independently applied the CFIR rating system to rate each IF process as a barrier (-2, -1), facilitator (+ 1, + 2), neutral (0), or mixed (X), for each hospital. Final ratings were established through consensus discussions. Average ratings were calculated by hospital and process and charted alongside implementation outcomes from secondary data sources for identification of patterns.ResultsHospital leaders engaged in a variety of activities within each IF process. The average hospital rating across IF processes ranged from -1.1 to + 1.5. The IF process with the highest average rating was project management (average: 1.0; SD: 0.9), the lowest was planning (average: 0.5; SD: 1.0) and the most variable was providing individual support and accountability (average: 0.5; SD: 1.2). Negative ratings resulted from hospital teams not engaging in an IF process or the activities of hospital teams being insufficient to overcome related contextual barriers. Average IF process ratings were significantly higher among hospitals that implemented more than the median number of practice changes. Multiple contextual determinants influenced each IF process; work infrastructure and relational connections were the most frequent influences across IF processes.ConclusionsIF processes played an important role in determining implementation success at hospitals participating in a perinatal QIC. Monitoring and strengthening IF processes at participating organizations may enhance the effectiveness of QICs as an implementation strategy.

Extended Wavelength Silicon-on-Silica Photonics Platform: Design Case Study for Gas Sensing in the Mid-infrared Range

Extended Wavelength Silicon-on-Silica Photonics Platform: Design Case Study for Gas Sensing in the Mid-infrared Range

Implementing Large-Scale CCS in Complex Geologic Reservoirs: Insights from Three Appalachian Basin Case Studies

This paper presents three design case studies for implementing large-scale geologic carbon storage in the Appalachian Basin region of the midwestern United States. While the Appalachian Basin has a challenging setting for carbon storage, the three case studies detailed in this article demonstrate that there are realistic options for implementing carbon storage in the basin. Carbonate rock formations, depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, and moderate-porosity sandstones can be utilized as carbon-storage reservoirs in the Appalachian Basin. While these are not typical concepts for CO2 storage, the storage zones have advantages such as defined trapping mechanisms, multiple caprocks, and defined boundaries that are not always present in thick, permeable sandstones being targeted for many carbon-storage projects. The geologic setting, geotechnical parameters, and hydrologic setting for the three case studies are provided, along with the results of reservoir simulations of the CO2 injection-deployment strategies. The geological rock formations available for CO2 storage in the Appalachian Basin are more localized reservoirs with defined boundaries and finite storage capacities. Simulation results showed that accessing carbon-storage resources in these fields may require wellfields with 2–10 injection wells. However, these fields would have the capacity to inject 1–3 million metric tons of CO2 per year and up to 90 million metric tons of CO2 in total. The CO2 storage resources would fulfill decarbonization goals for many of the natural-gas power plants, cement plants, hydrogen plants, and refineries in the Appalachian Basin region.

The Role of The Kebumen Government (Dinas Kumkm) in Digital Marketing Transformation in Marketing Kebumen MSME Products

Digital marketing transformation has become a crucial aspect in the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kebumen Regency, especially in facing marketing challenges in the digital era. This study aims to analyze the role of the Department of KUMKM Kebumen in supporting the digital marketing transformation process among MSME actors. The research method employed is a qualitative approach with a case study design, encompassing interviews, observations, and policy document analysis. The findings reveal that the Kebumen KUMKM Service has implemented various programs that facilitate digitalization, such as training on the use of digital platforms and the introduction of effective online marketing techniques. However, challenges such as limited access to technology and low digital literacy remain significant barriers for MSME actors in optimally implementing digital marketing strategies. The study also finds that government policies have positively impacted the marketing of MSME products, leading to increased consumer trust and expanded market reach. To accelerate the adoption of digital marketing, further efforts are needed to enhance technological infrastructure and collaborate with broader digital platforms. This research is expected to contribute to the development of better policies in supporting the digital transformation of MSMEs in Kebumen.