Qualitative Descriptive Study Research Articles

Responding to the ongoing pandemic-related challenges of individuals with brain injury through the perspective of community-service in Canada: A qualitative study.

To investigate brain injury (BI) associations' perspectives regarding the impacts of the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with BI and BI associations services across Canada. This qualitative descriptive study included 26 representatives of Canadian BI associations that participated in six online focus groups to discuss the effects of the second year of the pandemic on clients living with BI and on the provision of community services. Findings revealed three main themes: 1) ongoing pandemic-related challenges faced by clients living with BI, including worsening mental health and basic needs insecurities, difficulties faced by clients in adhering to safety measures, and ongoing technological issues; 2) ongoing adaptations to accommodate clients' needs, including offering tailored services, ensuring consistent and transparent safety measures, and providing hybrid services; and 3) developing a sustainable 'new normal' aligned with association mandates and resources by expanding networks and building resilience. The unfolding of the pandemic has brought increased challenges for people with BI and reinforced the need for adapted, clear, and accessible public health information to ensure the safety of vulnerable populations in times of crisis. It is essential to bolster community-based associations that provide direct care to people with BI.

Revisiting Alcohol Consumption Among Nurses After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Descriptive Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause nurses stress and trauma, with alcohol potentially being used to manage this stress. Prior studies of nurses' alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic have shown increases in alcohol consumption to manage stress associated with the pandemic. The aim of this paper is to explore perceptions of alcohol consumption and stress among nurses, particularly since the declared end of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used semi-structured interviews with Australian nurses (n = 55), using a qualitative-descriptive study design, conducted between October 2023 and January 2024. Data were analysed using structural coding and reported in accordance with CORE-Q guidelines. Four key themes emerged from the data: (1) Alcohol consumption in response to ongoing role stress, (2) Alcohol consumption in response to incidents, (3) The lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and (4) Do nurses feel comfortable seeking help for alcohol use? High-risk alcohol consumption has persisted beyond the end of the COVID-19 pandemic to manage the stress associated with clinical environments. Alcohol was also used in response to incidents, and the ongoing trauma and impact of the pandemic was described as a significant source of stress and anxiety. Not all nurses in our study felt comfortable seeking help for alcohol use, with participants describing concern for their nursing registration if they self-reported their alcohol consumption. Participants reported stronger links between stressful working environments and increased alcohol consumption. Nurses in our study do not feel safe seeking help or self-reporting alcohol consumption for fear of the regulatory body instituting sanctions that lead to loss or suspension of their registration. These factors require urgent attention to ensure workforce wellbeing and sustainability.

Can indigenous peasants of Central Kalimantan live viably while conserving their forest lands?

Purpose This study aims to investigate the feasibility of a community-based non-timber forest products (NTFP) enterprise, or CBNE, within the indigenous peasant communities in Manuhing Raya, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. This includes assessing the potential for generating featured agricultural products from the region. Design/methodology/approach This is a descriptive qualitative study that integrates ethnographic methods into the SLA analysis, to investigate the feasibility of a CBNE approach within an indigenous peasant community. A number of 13 peasant groups, which comprise 251 members, from the seven villages in Manuhing Raya participated in the study. Findings The CBNE approach, when combined with One Village One Product method, is considered appropriate for the determination of featured agricultural products in a local community. In addition, the SLA analysis in this study contributes to identifying vulnerable aspects of CBNE development in the local communities, including weaknesses in social cohesion, leadership and entrepreneurial orientation. Research limitations/implications Efforts to preserve the rainforest lands in Central Kalimantan cannot be excluded from the involvement of the local peasant communities. The best livelihood strategy in this case is to adopt a CBNE approach. This shall be made possible by empowering the peasant communities to revive their local wisdom of Upun Pambelum, which means forest lands are their primary resources for life. Practical implications This study highlights the importance of using ethnographic investigation prior to the implementation of a CBNE development. Originality/value The implementation of the CBNE approach should take into account socioeconomic aspects of the local community, especially the presence of social cohesion, leadership roles and entrepreneurial orientations. In addition, the study demonstrates the potential of integrating traditional ecological knowledge with modern business models in CBNEs.

Language and Identity in Ketepik Bulian Padi Played in Gambus Belitung: A Sociolinguistic Study

Gambus and song lyrics complement each other, creating harmony while representing the history and cultural identity of their communities. This study aims to explore identity through diction choices, phonological processes, and musical notes in Gambus. These elements are assumed to reflect social relations and cultural identity. The sociolinguistic theory of isolect and identity theory are applied to analyze the lyrics and musical notes. This qualitative descriptive study employs library research using the song lyrics of Ketepik Belian Padi and the Gambus melody played by Sukino (a Gambus maestro) and his daughter, accessible at https://youtu.be/wEJMsTUhY9c. The research addresses two questions: (1) How is Ketepik Belian Padi in Gambus Belitung portrayed as a social identity? and (2) How is Ketepik Belian Padi in Gambus Belitung used as an element of social identity? The findings show that the identity of the people of East Belitung is deeply influenced by historical events and is preserved through these song lyrics.

Perceptions of Indian dental students about online training on preclinical orthodontics during the COVID pandemic: A qualitative study

The objective of the study was to determine students’ perceptions about online training in preclinical orthodontics during the COVID lockdown. After obtaining ethical approval this phenomenological descriptive qualitative study was conducted for sixty minutes on two different days. It reported students’ experiences during the pandemic through focus group discussions. These were recorded on audio and video platforms. The researchers then transcribed and analyzed the recordings and codified the answers into categories to determine the emerging topics until a saturation point was reached. The core emerging themes were (1) Angst and apprehensions (2) Perception about the learning experience (3) Challenges encountered. Even though online learning has been a useful tool for delivering didactic (theoretical) concepts, we attempted to teach preclinical orthodontics to students of final year BDS. Students reported being skeptical and worried at first, but they soon were able to overcome the initial apprehensions and perform well.

Descriptive qualitative study of breathlessness and its management of Turkish individuals with self-reported heart failure

AimsTo explore the experiences of individuals with heart failure, with a specific focus on elucidating the full spectrum of symptoms experienced and their subjective descriptions of breathlessness and self-management strategies...

Nursing as an earthquake survivor: A qualitative study on nurses traumatized by the Kahramanmaraş earthquake in Turkey.

Nurses' critical input and firsthand disaster management experience are vital to healthcare quality. This study aims to comprehend nurses' experiences during and after the earthquakes, their coping mechanisms for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and the consequent effects on their profession, given the nurses' crucial role in disaster response. A descriptive qualitative study using semistructured interviews was conducted between April and May 2024. Fifteen nurses were selected using criterion and snowball sampling methods from those working as earthquake survivor nurses in the affected areas. The COREQ guidelines for reporting qualitative research were followed. Five main themes were: emotional reactions/physical difficulties, career and motivation, PTSD and well-being, suggestions, and work performance. The results highlighted the significant psychological and professional challenges that nurses encounter, including the effects of severe PTSD symptoms, coping strategies, and the influence on their capacity to deliver care. Nurses dealing with earthquakes face unique challenges that test their resilience on all levels. Learning from their experiences and coping mechanisms can help healthcare systems support these frontline workers better. Investing in disaster preparedness and mental health resources for nurses is crucial for their well-being and the overall strength of the healthcare system during crises. Effectively managing workloads and rest periods can reduce physical fatigue and prevent burnout. Shift rotations and adequate staffing levels are necessary. Access to psychological mental health support is vital for nurses to recover from the psychological effects of disasters. Regular disaster preparedness training is imperative for physical safety and psychological resilience. Robust support systems, including safe accommodation and peer support groups, are crucial for nurses in disaster response.

Anti-Black racism in Canadian health care: a qualitative study of diverse perceptions of racism and racial discrimination among Black adults in Montreal, Quebec.

Racism has been shown to impact the health of Black persons through its influence on health care, including its expression through implicit biases in provider training, attitudes, and behaviours. Less is known about the experiences of racism in contexts outside of the USA, and how race and racism interact with other social locations and systems of discrimination to shape Black patients' experiences of racism in health care encounters. To help address this gap, this study examined diverse Black individuals' perceived experiences of, and attitudes towards, anti-Black racism and racial discrimination in Canadian health care, specifically in Montreal, Quebec. This descriptive qualitative study adopted a social constructionist approach. Employing purposive maximal variation and snowball sampling strategies, eligible study participants were: self-identified Black persons aged 18 years and older who lived in Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic, who could speak English or French, and who were registered with the Quebec medical insurance program. In-depth interviews were conducted, and a Framework Analysis approach guided the systematic exploration and interpretation of data using an intersectionality lens. We interviewed 32 participants, the majority of whom were women (59%), university educated (69%), and modestly comfortable financially (41%), but diverse in terms of age (22 to 79 years), country of origin, and self-defined ethnicity. We identified five major themes demonstrating substantial variations in perceived racism in health care that are influenced by unique social locations such as gender identity, age, and immigration history: (1) no perceptions of racism in health care, (2) ambiguous perceptions of racism in health care, (3) perceptions of overt interpersonal racism in health care, (4) perceptions of covert interpersonal racism in health care (including the downplaying of health concerns, stereotyping, and racial microaggressions), and (5) perceptions of systemic racism in health care. Perceptions of anti-Black racism and racial discrimination in Canadian health care are complex and may include intra-racial group differences. This study begins to address the dearth of empirical research documenting experiences of anti-Black racism in health care in Quebec, highlighting a continued need for serious consideration of the ways in which racism may manifest in the province, as well as a need for anti-racist advocacy. Advancing racial health equity requires greater sensitivity from providers and decision makers to variations in Black patients' health care experiences, towards ensuring that they have access to high quality and equitable health care services.

Reaccreditation and Pathways Recognition Experiences of Small Local and Tribal Health Departments

Context: This paper describes experiences and views of leadership teams from 4 small local health departments (LHDs) seeking Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB) reaccreditation or Pathways Recognition using PHAB Standards & Measures Version 2022. The Pathways program launched in 2022 provides additional supports for improvement of public health practice. Objective: Given the need to accelerate accreditation among small health departments, the purpose of this study is to share small health departments’ strategies for overcoming accreditation challenges and actionable advice for use by other health departments. Design: In this descriptive qualitative study, the study team conducted 22 individual interviews with 4 small LHDs from January to March 2024. Setting: Participating small health departments were located in the Midwestern and Western United States with staff sizes ranging from 3 to 47. Participants: Interview participants included small health department leadership teams, a local board of health member, and a contracted external accreditation consultant. Main Outcome Measures: We used a semi-structured interview guide to elicit participant experiences and views on accreditation processes, benefits, facilitators, strategies for overcoming challenges, and advice for other small health departments. Results: Participants suggested that accreditation benefits far outweighed the challenges. Perceived benefits included improved organizational procedures, equitable delivery of needed effective programs and services, and enhanced public perception. Key strategies to overcome staff capacity challenges were establishing a team approach and orienting and mentoring new staff in the “why” and “how” of accreditation. Advice included learning what is involved, taking the time to lay a foundation beforehand, and not waiting for a perfect time as accreditation is about improvement, not perfection. Conclusions: Small health departments can achieve and maintain PHAB accreditation by strategically implementing strategies to overcome staff capacity and other challenges. The Pathways Recognition program is a supportive option for small health departments wanting to improve public health practice.

Understanding the factors influencing nurses in managing patients with diabetic ketoacidosis in the emergency departments of referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A descriptive qualitative study.

The quality of nursing management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in emergency departments may be associated with either increased or decreased length of hospital stay. Despite that patient with DKA need intensive care unit (ICU) admission, effective initial nursing management of DKA patients at the emergency department is important. Regarding factors influencing the effective management when caring for patients with DKA, it is unknown how Tanzanian nurses perceive these issues. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore nurses' perceived factors influencing nursing management of DKA patients at emergency medical department (EMD) of two selected referral hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A descriptive qualitative study design was conducted to explore nurses' perspectives on the factors influencing nursing management of DKA patients. A total of twelve purposively selected nurses participated in in-depth interviews. The interview guide written in Kiswahili was used to collect data. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim, and transcripts analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Two main themes emerged from the study including facilitators of DKA nursing management and barriers to DKA nursing management. Facilitators of DKA management encompassed three categories including nurses' knowledge of DKA, the availability of DKA management protocol, and nurses' skillset to enhance DKA management. On the other hand, barriers to DKA management had eight sub-categories including limited training on DKA management, lack of autonomy, decisions disagreement, delayed electrolyte results, scarcity of medical resources, shortage of nursing staffs, logistics in emergency care, and lack of specific-nursing management guideline. This study highlights facilitators and barriers to DKA management and underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to overcome these barriers and consolidate the facilitators to improve nurses' capacity in managing patients with DKA.

Strengthening social cohesion through the Manyanda tradition in Minangkabau customary society: A cultural insight from West Sumatera, Indonesia

Manyanda tradition, a tradition of taking over social roles after death, in addition to successfully maintaining social continuity in the family structure, is also a potential capital in strengthening social cohesion. However, this context has not been discussed comprehensively in previous studies so it is very important to explain. In addition to responding to the shortcomings of previous studies, this study also aims to explain the mechanisms, factors and implications of the practice of this tradition as a reflection of social cohesion based on customary and religious values. By using a qualitative descriptive case study approach, this study shows three important findings. First, the spontaneity of the community and traditional leaders when hearing the news of death and social activities forty days afterwards. Second, the dominance of spiritual and cultural factors in addition to social and structural factors that encourage the community to preserve this tradition. Third, the Manyanda tradition has implications for strengthening the community’s commitment and belief in the meaning of death, the importance of a replacement figure who takes over social roles and strengthens the tribal identity of the Nagari (local village) community. This study recommends the importance of this tradition to be preserved as the root of social cohesion.

CATALYSTS FOR SELF-RELIANCE IN WHERE THE CRAWDADS SING BY DELIA OWENS

This research aims to provide an in-depth analysis of self-reliance and its major causes, focusing on the concept proposed by Emerson and other related theories and concepts. The study employs a sociology of literature approach, which is well-suited to examine the social environment of the characters within the literary work. Additionally, the behaviorism perspective is utilized to analyze the behavioral phenomena that arise in relation to self-reliance. According to Savatagi, the causes of self-reliance include social, economic, political, and human agency factors, which set the boundaries for this analysis. Delia Owens' novel Where the Crawdads Sing serves as the primary source for this qualitative descriptive study, with additional books and related publications as secondary sources. The findings indicate that Kya's self-reliance is primarily driven by unsupportive social conditions, which prevent her from becoming dependent on others. Instead, these conditions foster a perception of self-reliance that helps Kya develop into a strong, independent individual who does not rely on external help.

VALUES OF CHILDREN'S CHARACTER EDUCATION IN NUSSA ANIMATED FILM

Seeing the high number of children's YouTube viewers, but there is not much YouTube content that contains character education, so that children are influenced by content that does not provide character values and causes children to experience a character crisis. One of the contents that can in still character values in children is the Nussa animated film that is broadcast on YouTube. The purpose of the study was to examine the values of character education in the Nussa animated film. This research is a qualitative descriptive study and is included in the type of library research. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation. Data analysis used the content analysis method and used Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. Data validity checks were carried out by extending observations, increasing perseverance, and triangulation techniques. The findings of this study are nine characters values in the five episodes of the Nussa animated film, namely: religious, honesty, tolerance, creativity, curiosity, national spirit, friendly/communicative, caring for the environment, and responsibility.

Exploring the Influencing Factors of Experienced Nurses' Retention Behaviour: A Qualitative Study Based on the COM-B Model.

The aim of this study was to explore the factors influencing the retention behaviour of experienced nurses in China, using the capability, opportunity, motivation and behaviour (COM-B) model as a conceptual framework. A qualitative descriptive study based on the COM-B model. In this qualitative descriptive study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 nurses across 11 cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area of China between March and May 2024. The interviews followed a predefined topic guide derived from the COM-B model. The transcriptions of the interviews were then subjected to deductive thematic analysis. Eleven key themes emerged, which were embedded in three categories of the COM-B model, including capability (physical and mental health, professional knowledge and skills), motivation (increasing income, sense of fulfilment in nursing work, positive colleague relationships and job stability) and opportunity (management, career development opportunities, work-life balance, prejudice against nursing and workload). The study provides new perspectives on factors influencing the retention of experienced nurses in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macao. The study identified 11 factors that influence nurse retention behaviour, emphasising three distinctive perceptions: the 'iron rice bowl', the concept of filial piety and public prejudice towards nursing in Chinese society, which are unique to China compared to other nations. Additionally, it revealed similarities in nurse retention factors across Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macao. To strengthen nurse retention, it is essential to develop tailored strategies for experienced nurses. Future research should also take social culture into account to enhance retention efforts. This study's reporting adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ) checklist. No patient or public contribution.

Ethical considerations related to virtual visiting for families and critically ill patients in intensive care: a qualitative descriptive study

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual visiting technologies were rapidly integrated into the care offered by intensive care units (ICUs) in the UK and across the globe. Today, these technologies offer a necessary adjunct to in-person visits for those with ICU access limited by geography, work/caregiving commitments, or frailty. However, few empirical studies explore the ethical issues associated with virtual visiting. This study aimed to explore the anticipated or unanticipated ethical issues raised by using virtual visiting in the ICU, such that healthcare professionals can be informed about how to carry out virtual visits ethically, safely and productively.MethodsWe used a descriptive exploratory qualitative research approach recruiting a convenience sample of newly-graduated junior doctors facilitating ICU virtual visits in a tertiary academic centre. Eight newly graduated junior doctors, seven female and one male, aged 23–27, participated in semi-structured interviews. We analysed transcripts using an inductive coding approach.ResultsFive overarching themes emerged. Two of the themes namely, ‘fulfilling a moral instinct to connect families’ and ‘promoting autonomy’, arose from participants’ descriptions of how virtual visits aligned with healthcare standards and practices they considered ethical. Three further themes, ‘preserving dignity and privacy’, ‘managing emotional distress’, and ‘providing equitable access’ to virtual visiting technologies, highlight how virtual visits might exacerbate ethical issues related to family communications.ConclusionVirtual visiting may potentially both ameliorate and exacerbate aspects of ethical healthcare delivery for ICU patients and family members. ICU team members should consider unique ethical considerations related to using virtual visiting. We recommend virtual communications skills training for staff and advocate for the use of easily accessible educational resources for families who wish to visit critically unwell patients remotely.

Predictors of neonatal hypothermia within six hours of birth and exploring preventive practices among post-natal mothers in Kilimanjaro region: Explanatory sequential mixed method protocol.

Neonatal hypothermia is a worldwide problem that can lead to a high impact on neonatal health outcomes if appropriate thermal care measures are not implemented. Tackling neonatal hypothermia from the time of delivery with appropriate thermal care measures will increase neonatal survival and decrease complications related to hypothermia. The study aims to determine the predictors of neonatal hypothermia within six hours of birth and explore its preventive practices among postnatal mothers. This is a mixed-method sequential explanatory study. The first phase will be a quantitative study with a hospital-based analytical cross-sectional design. 325 neonates and their mothers will be randomly selected through a 4-stage sampling technique. The data will be collected using a structured questionnaire, checklist and documentary review. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to analyse the data. The second phase will be a descriptive qualitative study involving postnatal mothers who participated in a quantitative study. The data will be collected via in-depth interviews, and thematic analysis will be used to analyse the data. The findings of quantitative and qualitative studies will be triangulated in the discussion. This study will provide a wide understanding of neonatal hypothermia in the region which will help healthcare providers who are caring for neonates to be informed about the current situation, evaluate the care they provide, and find the best way to adhere to thermal care measures. Moreover, the practices of postnatal mothers will be known, which will help to develop tailored interactions to address this problem.

Supplementary Feeding as A Remedy For Stunted Toddlers and Pregnant Women With Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) In Imbi Urban Village, Jayapura City, Papua

Stunting is a condition characterized by impaired growth in children, leading to insufficient height and weight compared to established standards, which also affects motor development. Children with stunting have lower immunity, increasing their vulnerability to non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, obesity, stroke, and heart disease. In Jayapura, the stunting rate reaches 20%, which is considered high in Indonesia. In response, PT Pertamina Patra Niaga has partnered with the Posyandu Cadre of Imbi Village and the local Health Center to provide Supplementary Feeding (PMT) containing animal protein, vegetable protein, fruits, and vegetables. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the PMT program in reducing the rate of stunting and improving the nutritional status of toddlers and pregnant women in Jayapura. The feeding program lasted for two weeks and targeted stunted children and pregnant women with nutritional deficiencies. This descriptive qualitative study examines the processes and outcomes of this intervention. The results indicate that 39% of participants successfully improved their nutritional status, moving out of the stunting and SEZ categories. This program is set to continue for four years to ensure sustainable support for toddlers and pregnant women in meeting their nutritional needs.

Graduate reflections on Community Service: a view of roles in practice

BackgroundIn South Africa, newly qualified physiotherapists transition to the workplace during community service, often in diverse healthcare settings, attending to patients with complex ailments. The transition is complicated by the shortage of rehabilitation personnel, especially in rural and peri-urban areas. While higher education curricula should prepare students for the workplace, the roles and expectations of new therapists remain unclear. Assessing how well current curricula, built around the CanMEDS framework, equip students with the competencies needed for entry-level community service practice will help to improve physiotherapy training practices. This study investigated the experiences of community service physiotherapists to inform curriculum design and graduate outcomes.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Graduates were purposefully sampled during their community service year via a class group contact, with a snowball approach to recruit diverse participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted over MS Teams, recorded, and transcribed. Reflexive deductive coding was used to interpret the data, which was analysed around the CanMEDS roles and graduate outcomes, as well as curriculum constraints and enablers to the workplace transition.ResultsTen community service physiotherapists placed in five different provinces participated. Most identified strongly with their core role as clinicians and felt prepared in terms of clinical skills. However, aspects of roles linked to advocacy, leadership, and professionalism were more complex to navigate. The contexts of placements and the nuances of how the healthcare system operated in each province impacted their experience.ConclusionThe study highlighted varied readiness levels among community service physiotherapists. While many felt competent in specific clinical tasks, there are significant gaps in their preparation for broader community practice challenges. Participants noted their undergraduate training adequately prepared them for the clinician role but not for roles integrating collaboration, communication, patient and professional advocacy. Quality clinical placements and the role of educators were crucial, yet the protective nature of these placements limited exposure to real-world scenarios. Insufficient mentorship and support contributed to feelings of isolation. To enhance preparedness, the curriculum should integrate more experiences addressing real-world challenges, which value multiple competencies and outcomes. Future research should examine the development of context-appropriate competency frameworks and long-term effects of community service on career development.

Trajectories of Coping With Persistent Smell and Taste Dysfunction After a Covid-19 Infection-A Qualitative Interview Study.

To explore trajectories of understanding and managing persistent chemosensory dysfunction after COVID-19 in patients undergoing clinical treatment. A descriptive qualitative interview study with a realist approach. Data were collected in Sweden, from August 2022 to March 2023 through semi-structured interviews with 30 patients undergoing treatment for long-lasting smell and taste dysfunction resulting from COVID-19. Thematic analysis was applied in a process that involved continuous discussions and refinement of codes into themes and subthemes. Three main themes were identified: (1) Understanding the sensory alterations, which includes subthemes of Searching for validation and Seeking remedies; (2) Practical coping strategies, encompassing Adapted eating and Managing olfactory training and (3) Navigating the emotional landscape, featuring Self-persuasion and suppression and The ambivalence of acceptance. These themes highlight the cyclic and fluid nature of coping with the dysfunction, reflecting a dynamic process of adaptation. Despite treatment options like olfactory training, participants frequently experienced frustration due to limited perceived improvement and the psychological toll of managing their condition. The study highlights the complex and personal nature of coping with long-term smell and taste dysfunction post-COVID-19. Coping strategies varied widely and evolved over time, reflecting a dynamic process of adaptation. The emotional and psychological impact was profound, underscoring the need for comprehensive treatment approaches that include both physiological and psychological support. There is a need for more effective interventions and support mechanisms to improve the quality of life for those affected by these persistent symptoms. This study contributes to the understanding of COVID-19's long-term effects on smell and taste, highlighting the need for ongoing support from health care, further research into effective interventions, and a comprehensive approach to care for individuals affected by these conditions. This study addresses trajectories and challenges of coping with persistent chemosensory dysfunction. Findings emphasise the complexity of managing persistent chemosensory dysfunction and the critical role of personalised care. The study contributes to knowledge for nurses in understanding patients with chemosensory dysfunction. This research adheres to the EQUATOR guidelines: Standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR). No patient or public contribution.

Experiences of physiotherapists working with adults living with Long COVID in Canada: a qualitative study

ObjectivesTo explore experiences of physiotherapists working with adults living with Long COVID in Canada.DesignCross-sectional descriptive qualitative study involving online semi-structured interviews.ParticipantsWe recruited physiotherapists in Canada who self-identified as having clinically...