Descriptive Analytical Analysis Research Articles

INOVASI ATAU STAGNASI? PENGARUH DISRUPSI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP EFISIENSI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PUBLIK DI SULAWESI UTARA

The background of this research focuses on the rapid development of information technology that has transformed various sectors, including public financial management. In North Sulawesi, the implementation of information technology in financial management is expected to enhance transparency, accountability, and efficiency. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure and limited human resource capacity may hinder effective implementation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of information technology disruption on the efficiency of public financial management in North Sulawesi. The method employed is a quantitative approach with descriptive-analytical analysis, involving data collection from technology-based systems such as e-budgeting, SIPKD, and cloud-based financial management systems. The results indicate that the implementation of information technology significantly improves efficiency, transparency, and accountability in public financial management. Nevertheless, challenges related to infrastructure and human resource capacity remain obstacles to achieving optimal results. The conclusion of this research is that information technology disruption has great potential to enhance public financial management, but greater attention is needed towards infrastructure development and human resource training to ensure successful implementation.

The Peak of Prophetic Civilization in The Time of The Rasulullah Saw

A very honest confession from Michael H. Hart in his book entitled « The 100 : A Ranking Of The Most Influential Person in History” in this book he places the Prophet Muhammad SAW as the most influential human history. That is the truth, for us as Muslims we definitely believe that in a religious context the Prophet Muhammad was a very influential figure and had a very big name that could not be rivaled by anyone from various sectors. So on this occasion we try to describe how the peak of prophetic civilization was, especially during the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, at that time there was often a connection between heaven and earth through him, the idealism of all events also occurred on earth and it was at that time that the peak of prophetic civilization occurred. In this paper we use the library research method, and through descriptive-analytical analysis from several reference sources in this paper we will show the condition of Arab society before the arrival of Islam, then in the Mecca period, and in the Medina period. In the end, we can find that in that period there was the best period, the most ideal period, and the peak of prophetic civilization, so that in the future it would become an example for humans to achieve a good, prosperous and safe social life accompanied by faith in Allah SWT.

ANALISIS PERILAKU BULLYING DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN DAN HADITS

This bullying problem is a serious problem for the general public in general, because acts of violence in this day and age can happen anytime if we look at current technological developments, such as deviant behavior, bad ethics, morals and legal norms from the lightest. So the aim of this study is to analyze bullying behavior from the perspective of the Qur'an and Hadith, as we know that the Qur'an and hadith are the main sources for Muslims. The aim of this study is to look at the contents of the verses of the Qur'an and hadith regarding the explanation of bullying. This research method is a Library research method (library research) with qualitative descriptive-analytical analysis. The research results obtained in the Qur'an are the prohibition of insulting and criticizing others, the obligation to act fairly and reject acts of injustice, the prohibition of arrogance and belittling other people. Meanwhile, in the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW it is explained that’s forbidden to mention other people’s shortcomings, to protect other people’s honor, to guard one’s tounge, andit’s forbidden to criticize other people’s physical appearance.

Unfolding the Rise of Direct Selling Formats in India: An Explanatory Analysis

The Indian direct selling industry has been analysed using a framework developed from the environmental theory of retail evolution, relationship marketing theory, and Porter's five forces model. The developed heuristic framework provides a basis as to how retail institutions adapt to changes subject to the changes occurring in the firms' environment subject to the constraint that firms in the long run earn profits by maintaining long-term relationships with the consumers such that the so-called consumers turns into the patrons of the company. The identified factors in the firms’ environment are consumers, competitors, suppliers, public policy factors and information technology factors. Through the descriptive analytical analysis, it has been found that direct selling in the Indian context has evolved due to the changes happening in the direct selling’s operational milieu wherein these firms adapt to changes that happening in India’s macro and microenvironment. The opening up of the economy, and changing consumer demographics have been the driving force behind the direct selling industry in India. However, the public policy factors through the enactment of regulations have been a key catalyst that helps the business in protecting consumers' interest, warding off illegal competition, with the support of MSME coupled with advancements in information technology that transformed the business operation whilst ensuring transparency. Though the environment has been conducive to the growth of the direct selling industry, the industry has faced huge setbacks in terms of litigation.

Inheritance Rights of Children Born Out of Wedlock in the Perspective of Islamic Law

This study aims to analyze the legal status of illegitimate children from the perspective of Islamic law and civil law in Indonesia, focusing on aspects of lineage, inheritance rights, and legal protection. This study uses a literature study method with descriptive-analytical analysis to compare regulations in Islamic law and positive law. In Islamic law, illegitimate children only have lineage and inheritance rights through the mother and her family, while in civil law, illegitimate children can obtain legal recognition from their parents through a process of recognition or a court decision. This study also highlights the role of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 which provides further legal protection for illegitimate children, especially regarding civil rights. Although there are fundamental differences in the recognition of lineage and inheritance rights, both legal systems agree on the importance of protecting children's basic rights

Workaholism as a Trigger for Marital Conflict: Psychological and Legal Perspectives

Workaholism is a phenomenon that is increasingly prevalent in modern society. While working is a positive activity, excessive focus on work can trigger an imbalance between professional and personal life. In the context of marriage, this imbalance can lead to conflicts, relationship breakdowns, and even divorce. A concrete example of the impact of workaholism on family life can be found in the Bantul Religious Court Decision No. 840/Pdt.G/2022/PA.Btl. In this case, workaholism was cited by the plaintiff as the reason for filing for divorce in court. This study employs a library research method with descriptive-analytical analysis of the court ruling as the object of research. The purpose is to explore the psychological and legal impacts of workaholism from a psychological perspective using the work-family conflict theory and the theory of spouses of workaholics. Additionally, the maslahah mursalah approach is used to assess whether workaholism as a social phenomenon brings benefits or harms. The findings of this study reveal that workaholism can trigger disputes between married couples, leading to divorce. From the perspective of maslahah mursalah, workaholism provides benefits, such as fulfilling the family’s economic needs and achieving career goals. Moreover, there is also harm, such as being a trigger for conflicts within the household.

Legal Aspects of Banking in Protecting Workers' Rights: An Analysis of the Interconnection Between Banking and Labor Regulations

This study aims to analyze the relationship between banking and employment regulations in protecting labor rights in Indonesia. Using a literature study method, this study examines legal documents such as Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment, the Banking Law, Financial Services Authority Regulations (POJK), and Bank Indonesia Regulations (PBI), as well as relevant academic literature. Descriptive-analytical analysis was conducted to evaluate the suitability of regulations with banking operational practices and identify potential synergies between regulations to strengthen the protection of labor rights. The results of the study indicate that there are regulatory gaps that require harmonization to ensure banking compliance in supporting workers' rights, especially related to the management of welfare funds and the fulfillment of labor obligations. This study recommends strengthening coordination between banking and labor regulators to create a more integrated and effective legal framework.

Kedudukan Pasal 1320 dan 1338 KUHPerdata dalam Kredit dan Sengketa Konsumen di BPSK

The purpose of this study is to analyze the position of Article 1320 and Article 1338 of the Civil Code concerning credit agreements. In addition, this study also aims to evaluate the authority and application of the law by the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) in resolving consumer disputes related to credit agreements, with a case study based on Decision Number 292/Pdt.Sus.BPSK/2016/PN-Mdn. This study uses a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach through literature and field research. Data was collected from regulations, academic literature, and field documents at the Medan District Court. Descriptive-analytical analysis evaluates the conformity of legal norms with their application in dispute resolution. The results of the study show that the analysis of Article 1320 and Article 1338 of the Civil Code highlights the challenges of the principle of freedom of contract in credit agreements, especially standard agreements that often harm debtors. The evaluation of Decision No. 292/Pdt.Sus.BPSK/2016/PN-Mdn emphasizes the limitations of BPSK's authority in default disputes, highlighting the importance of compliance with the principle of pacta sunt servanda. BPSK reform is needed to ensure justice, transparency, and legal certainty.

Rights of People with Disabilities in the Qur'an and Hadith from the Perspective of Fiqh Awlawiyyat

Disabled groups still often receive discriminatory treatment in society. Discriminatory treatment occurs in various sectors, such as education and the world of work. In fact, as humans created by Allah Swt. Disabled groups should also have the same rights as humans in general. This research seeks to reveal the rights of disabled groups in the Al-Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet saw. awlawiyyāt fiqh perspective. This research is qualitative research that utilizes library sources (library research) with content analysis and descriptive-analytical analysis as the data analysis method. The results of this research show that the rights of disabled groups in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith include all the rights that humans in general have. In the review of awlawiyyāt jurisprudence, these rights must receive priority in service, because disabled groups need these rights more than humans in general. Implementation of the rights of persons with disabilities in the awlawiyyāt fiqh review is carried out by prioritizing services for them by providing facilities that can support their lives better.

The Role of KH. Fakhrurrazi in the Field of Hadith in Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra

Ulama are people who play an important role in the lives of Muslims, starting from asking questions about things related to religion to solving social problems in society. There are quite a lot of scholars who have or possess very high levels of knowledge, but not many people recognize and know these scholars, as is the case with KH. Fakhrurrazi. This research aims to find out the role of KH. Fakhrurrazi in the field of hadith in Ogan Ilir Regency, South Sumatra. This research was conducted using qualitative methods and field research, as well as data analysis using descriptive-analytical analysis. The research results show that the role of KH. Fakhrurrazi in the field of hadith is reflected in his pious and productive personality in writing ahkam hadith books. The writing of this book was specifically used as a means to make things easier for the students and the people of Seribandung village who studied with it. Apart from that, the ahkam hadith he wrote was also aimed at people who really needed explanations of hadiths that discussed the law at that time to provide new insights. Although KH. Fakhrurrazi only re-copied the books contained in Kutub al-Sittah, but the results of his work had a significant impact on society, namely changing the pattern of life of the community with regard to the practices of muamalah law. This is a major contribution by KH. Fakhrurrazi in his time studying hadith, considering the limitations and developments of the times, which were not like today.

Disambiguation of Tafsir Khazin in Muqodimah and its application in Tafsir Lubab al-Ta'wil fi Ma'ani al-Tanzil

The purpose of this study is to make the disambiguation structure of tafsir khazin in Muqoddimah and its application in Tafsir Lubab al-Ta'wil fi Ma'ani al-Tanzil, tafsir al-Khazin is not free from criticism because of the israiliyat history that has no source. In contrast, tafsir khazin is tafsir khazin, including classical tafsir, which summarizes the book of tafsir Ma'alim al-Tanzil by Abu Muhammad Husayn ibn Mas'ud al-Baghawi (d.510 AH), which includes bil-Ma'tsur but tafsir khazin after Being studied he uses bi al-ra'y in his interpretation. The change is then examined in the disambiguation structure with library analysis. H) which includes bil-ma'tsur but tafsir khazin. After being studied, he uses bi al-ra'y in his interpretation. The change is then examined in the disambiguation structure with library research and descriptive-analytical analysis to explore and analyze the structure of disambiguation in muqoddimah and its application in his tafsir. This article concludes that there is disambiguation between muqoddimah tafsir khazin and his tafsir.

Dimensions of Hamka's Modern Sufism (A study of the verses of Maqamat in Tafsir Al-Azhar by Hamka)

Seeing the reality of today's society, moral degradation has arisen in humans, so it is essential to improve ourselves by returning humans to their existence as servants of Allah SWT. One alternative is to study and practice the teachings of Sufism. In the teachings, there are spiritual stages (maqâmât) to achieve perfection as a servant of Allah. The focus of this research is to examine Hamka's interpretation style in al-Azhar's tafsir by explaining his interpretation regarding the maqâmât verses so that the dimensions of Sufism and its relevance found in Hamka's al-Azhar tafsir are known. This research aims to find out Hamka's style and interpretation in al-Azhar's interpretation regarding the maqâmât verses and the dimensions of Sufism contained in them so that we can find out whether maqâmât is still relevant or not to be practiced in the present era. The methodology used in this research is qualitative library research (library research) with a mauḍu'i model of the Sufism approach that focuses on maqâmât verses using descriptive-analytical analysis of Hamka's Sufism thought. The results of this discussion show thatHamka's interpretation of the verses of maqâmât is in the style of Sufism by exploring the meaning of zahir and theinner meaning in which there are nuances to society (Adabi Ijtima'i) covering the socio-culture of Indonesianculture so that the dimension of Sufism contained in Hamka's interpretation is still very relevant to modern lifetoday.

Risk Factors Associated with Premature Births in Erbil City: A Case-Control Study

Background: Premature birth is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity among newborn babies. There are many factors that induce prematurity. This study aims to investigate the common risk factors associated with premature births in Erbil City. Methods: Quantitative design, descriptive-analytic analysis and a retrospective study were used. The study was conducted at Raparin Teaching Hospital for Children (RTHC) in Erbil city from September 1st, 2021 to September 1st, 2022. To engage in the study, non-probability purposive sample of 510 mother-newborn pairs admitted to a premature intensive care unit (255 as case group, 255 as a control group) was taken. The statistical analysis program Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results: The study reveals that the educational level, economic status, Body Mass Index of the mother and types of delivery have a highly significant association with the moth-er’s socio-demographic characteristics at a p-value of 0.008, < 0.001, 0.019 and < 0.001respectively. The study found a highly differences between: risk factors during pregnancy among study and control groups, including gestational hypertension, gesta-tional diabetes mellitus, Urinary Tract Infection (UTIs), anemia, vaginal bleeding, preterm premature rupture of membranes, thyroid disease, psychological problems, infection with covid-19, polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios, at p-value of < 0.001 respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, thyroid diseases, psychological problems, COVID-19, Premature rapture of the mem-brane, polyhydramnios and oligohydramnios are the main factors behind premature births in Erbil city.

Implikasi Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Islam dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK)

The study of Islamic moderation in school institutions is very important associated with the learning of Islamic Religious Education as a control holder who has an important role in instilling moderation values from an early age. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques in the form of observations where researchers make observations, interviews and documentation with descriptive-analytical analysis techniques. The results of the implementation of Islamic moderation values are by habitually applying Islamic moderation values, determining learning plan strategies (RPP) and in its application Islamic religious education teachers use a contextual learning model consisting of Islamic moderation discussions, Islamic moderation case studies and Islamic moderation short film screenings. This is associated with the material of Islamic religious education and ethics books which include the values of balance, justice and tolerance

Urgensi Pemilihan Pemimpin Beretika dalam Perspektif Maqashid Syariah Menuju Tatanan Sosial dan Politik yang Sehat

This research explores the urgency of electing ethical leaders, where the challenges of globalisation and the complexity of contemporary problems make ethical leadership particularly relevant. Using the Maqashid Shariah theoretical framework, this study examines how ethical leaders can contribute to the benefit of the people through the protection of five critical aspects of life: religion, soul, mind, offspring, and property. Utilising desk research involving descriptive-analytical analysis of primary data sources such as books, journals, and relevant websites to comprehensively understand leadership ethics and its application in achieving sharia objectives. The results show that ethical leaders play a crucial role in building a healthy social and political order through fair and responsible policy-making, promoting justice and the common good, strengthening the foundations of democracy, and facing global challenges. In addition, ethical leaders are also crucial in promoting a culture of integrity and accountability, vital for crisis management and combating corruption. From a Maqashid Shariah perspective, the election of ethical leaders supports Islamic principles that favour the development of a just and prosperous society, confirming the relevance of electing ethical leaders not only in the broad political and social context but also within Islam's ethical and moral framework. This research invites stakeholders to adopt a leader selection paradigm that combines professional prowess with moral excellence, opening new insights into the importance of ethical criteria and integrity in leader selection for sustainable development.

PENGARUH LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KARIER TERHADAP MINAT KARIER SISWA KELAS XI SMA MUTIARA 2 BANDUNG

This study aims to determine the effect of career guidance services on career interests of class XI students SMA Mutiara 2 Bandung. This research uses the research method of counseling guidance action (PTBK) with the subject of research as many as 20 students of clas XI SMA Mutiara 2 Bandung. The method of data collaction using observation, interviews, and research documentation. Consists of 2 cycles. While the data analysis technique used descriptive analytical analysis. The process of data analysis begins by examining all the data obtained, either though interviews or observations. Then described by using percentage analysis. The Results of the study indicate that in the initial conditions,students’ career intrests are still in the “not good” category, in the first cycle there are indicators that have increased in the “very good” category, namely the indicator of introduction to the world of work with descriptors knowing the world of work, with percentage of by 75% of the 15 students. While in the second cycle all indicators have increases by getting the “very good” category with a percentage of >80% on each indicator from 18 students. Thus, it can be concluded that career guidance services can affect the career interests of students in class XI SMA Muttiara 2 Bandung.

Filsafat pendidikan Islam multikultural KH. Abdurrohman Wahid dan implementasinya dalam pendidikan Islam Indonesia

Purpose − It is alleged that cultural pluralism in Indonesia still causes various problems such as racism, negative stereotypes, ethnocentrism, radicalism and environmental destruction. Seeing this phenomenon, KH. Abdurrohman Wahid looked for a solution by formulating an Islamic Education Philosophy with a multicultural pattern. This article aims to describe the Islamic Education Philosophy formulated by Abdurrohman Wahid and its implementation in Indonesia.
 Method − The method used is a type of qualitative research using literature study. Data collection was carried out using the note-taking technique through related scientific references. Data analysis uses descriptive-analytic analysis.
 Findings − The results of this research show that the concept of Multicultural Islamic education from KH's perspective. Abdurrohman Wahid includes: First, the objectives of Multicultural Islamic education, namely; Islamic education based on neomodernism, Islamic education based on liberation, Islamic education based on multiculturalism. Second, the multicultural Islamic education curriculum prioritizes affective and psychomotor aspects, develops student-oriented patterns, educators are able to understand the meaning of education, create students who have an interest in learning, process-oriented patterns, and are vocationally based. The implementation of multicultural education can be implemented through various strategies in the form of cultural strategies, socio-political strategies, socio-cultural strategies, pedagogical strategies.

Pragmatism-Instrumental Stream of Islamic Education and Its Relevance To Contemporary Islamic Education: Ibn Khaldun's Perspective

The article discussing the Islamic education stream of pragmatism-instrumentalism according to Ibn Khaldun aims to explore the stream of pragmatism-instrumentalism in education as conceived by Ibn Khaldun's thoughts and to ascertain the relevance of Ibn Khaldun's ideas to contemporary Islamic education. The writing method employed in this paper is library research, utilizing data sources from several relevant books with titles related to philosophy, Islamic educational philosophy, and other relevant literature. The analysis utilized in this paper is descriptive-analytical analysis, which systematically examines and connects the discussed object or topic with factual phenomena to arrive at conclusions. Based on the discussion's outcomes, it is evident that Ibn Khaldun explicitly elucidates crucial elements of education in his written works. These elements encompass the educational objectives, educators and learners, teaching methods, and the educational curriculum. The concept of education derived from Ibn Khaldun's thoughts holds relevance to contemporary Islamic education practices in Indonesia today

Perlindungan Anak dari Kekerasan Ekonomi melalui Asuransi: Analisis Peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam Meningkatkan Jaminan Hak Anak

Purpose – This research aims to elucidate in detail how insurance can serve as a vital instrument in ensuring the rights of children and shielding them from the detrimental impacts of economic violence.
 Methods – The research methodology employed is a thorough literature review encompassing primary data sources from pertinent books, journals, and legal texts related to the research topic. Subsequently, the acquired data is subjected to descriptive-analytical analysis to unveil the underlying objectives of the research.
 Findings – The results indicate that the security provided by insurance contracts is instrumental in safeguarding the rights of children, particularly in situations where parental figures have passed away or retired from employment. While the fulfillment of children's rights may not have reached an optimal level, their financial needs can be met to a reasonable extent, thanks to the role played by insurance. Additionally, this research underscores the crucial role played by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in upholding justice and ensuring effective protection for children who are vulnerable in the context of economic violence. The OJK is tasked not only with receiving complaints but also with resolving disputes related to insurance businesses and facilitating the settlement of insurance claim disputes in accordance with the agreements reached by the involved parties.
 Research implications – The theoretical implication of this research lies in its contribution to broadening our comprehension of the role of insurance in the realm of child protection. Moreover, its originality is underscored by the integration of distributive justice principles and contract theory, enriching our understanding of this dynamic interplay within the context of child protection mechanisms.
 Originality/value – In conclusion, this research underscores the significance of collaborative efforts among governmental bodies, financial institutions, and communities in enhancing the safeguarding of children from economic violence, utilizing insurance as a potent tool for protection.

RETHINKING RELIGIOUS MODERATION THROUGH THE STUDY OF INDONESIAN EXEGESIS: A STUDY OF TAFSIR AL-AZHAR BY HAMKA

Realizing religious moderation has become a medium-term program of the President for the 2020-2024 period. This program has been entrusted to the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Through a moderation team, the Ministry of Religion has formulated indicators of religious moderation, one of which is tolerance. According to the Ministry of Religion, tolerance is defined as having an open, broad-minded, voluntary, and gentle attitude towards accepting differences. Tolerance is always accompanied by respect, accepting those who are different as part of ourselves, and thinking positively. This tolerance is further divided into two categories: inter-religious and intra-religious. The hope of inter-religious tolerance is the emergence of an attitude towards followers of other religions that involves willingness to engage in dialogue, cooperation, support for the establishment of places of worship, and interacting with followers of other religions. On the other hand, Hamka is one of the prominent Muslim scholars in Indonesia known for his remarkable exegesis work that is widely studied in Asia, particularly in Indonesia. Hamka, who lived during a period of political upheaval both domestically and internationally, had a significant impact on his thinking concepts, which were later reflected in his works. This article aims to explore Hamka's views on other religions, particularly Judaism, delve deeper into the existence or absence of Jewish/Zionist conspiracies, and analyze Hamka's acceptance of other religions. The research methodology employed is literature review with a descriptive-analytic analysis as a guide in this article. The findings show that Hamka's exegesis contradicts the concept of religious moderation presented by the Ministry of Religion. In Hamka's exegesis, there are many suspicions towards Jews, although discussions on the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, according to observers, are considered conspiracies, fictional, and lack valid evidence. Additionally, Hamka falls into the category of exclusive Islam that does not accept any religion other than Muhammadanism.