Departmental Regulations Research Articles

FUNCTIONS AND CONCEPTS OF CASE MANAGEMENT IN THE WORK OF A PATIENT CARE SPECIALIST. PROTECTION FUNCTION

In line with WHO's goal of providing continuous and integrated patient care, case management focuses on the field of direct care and seeks to transcend organizational and professional boundaries on a case-by-case basis. The selection and specialization of participants in the division of labor in this area focuses on a common goal. This requires the initiation of a collaborative process in which a person or group of people takes responsibility for coordinating care over a period of time or throughout the course of care. Case management should support people who, for certain reasons (illness or disability), cannot perceive their interests and independently organize their affairs. The aim is to offer the client self-help help in order to avoid permanent addiction. At the same time, the protection function acquires a socio-political dimension: through case management, the shortcomings of the social security system become visible. This refers to those positions that are responsible for guaranteeing the provision of needs-oriented social security. The task of those holding these positions / positions is to create the best prerequisites for the implementation of targeted strategies of activity. Currently, case managers take on diverse functions, in particular the function of a navigator, supporting the client, for example, in his attempts to navigate a variety of service offerings, departmental regulations and legal norms. The lawyer function of case management plays a significant role, since patients / clients and their relatives are in a difficult and sensitive life situation and, in need of help, are not able to defend their interests.

GENESIS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF OPERATIONAL INVESTIGATION TACTICS

The article examines the formation and development of legal regulation of operational and investigative tactics in different historical periods. It was found that the beginning of the direct formation of the legal framework (development and adoption of circulars, regulations, orders, instructions, instructions) of operational and investigative activities (organization and tactics) dates back to the beginning of the XX century. It is noted that despite the presence of some gaps (problems) in the legislation governing the search (search) activities in the pre-revolutionary period, in general, the provisions enshrined in regulations of that time became the basis (basis) for improving and developing regulatory organization and tactics of operational and investigative activities in subsequent historical periods, especially in the Soviet period. It is emphasized that in the Soviet period the first legal acts of the Soviet government (through the VNK), regulating operational and investigative activities, were far from perfect and only partially regulated the organization of covert work and tactics of operational and investigative measures, which affected unsatisfactory state of counteraction to crime. According to the results of the study of special literature, during the existence of Soviet power, more than two dozen departmental regulations were adopted, regulating the organization and tactics of operational and investigative activities in places of imprisonment. At the same time, despite such a strong legal framework governing operational and investigative activities, including in penitentiary institutions, the legal grounds for operational and investigative activities were largely ignored, and the basic principles of law enforcement – the rule of law – were leveled. The period of 1950–1960 is characterized by the beginning of the formation of operational and investigative activities as an independent academic discipline. At the same time, despite such achievements, a significant number of prominent scientists continue to consider operational and investigative activities and their theory as part of criminology. Only in the early 70’s the scientific community recognized operational and investigative activities as an independent discipline. This was directly facilitated by the scientific research of famous scientists. During the 1970s and 1980s, in the scientific developments of prominent scientists (D. V. Grebelsky, V. G. Samoilov), in addition to discussions on the object and subject of operational and investigative activities, attention was paid to compliance with the fundamental principles of human rights and freedoms. time of operative-search activity (rule of law, legality). However, the excessive secrecy of operational and investigative activities and the lack of a codified act that would regulate its implementation at the legislative level, makes it virtually impossible for the subjects of operational and investigative activities to implement these principles in practice. A thorough analysis of the scientific literature and the results of the survey of respondents shows that the current Law on OSA is currently outdated, and its provisions do not comply with the provisions of the law. The prospect of further exploration is a study of the current state of legal regulation of operational and investigative tactics and prospects for its improvement.

Review of Regulatory Legal Acts in the Field of Science Regulation (01.01.2021 – 01.09.2021)

Rule-making on the regulation of science is actively developing. Every year, the state authorities adopt an administrative number of acts regulating various aspects of the activities of the scientific community. Often, documents introduce editorial changes, but some of them contain new provisions that significantly change the life of a scientist. For this reason, it is important to always be aware of the current state of the regulatory legal framework on the regulation of science, to understand the agenda of this process. The review contains information on the main regulatory legal acts on the regulation of the scientific and technical sphere for eight months of 2021. The documents are divided into groups according to their legal force: federal laws; decrees of the President of the Russian Federation; acts of the Government of the Russian Federation; departmental regulations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation; recommendations of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia.

Constitutional framework for the development of self-regulatory organizations as a way of protection against corruption

The article reveals the reasons for the occurrence of various types of corruption and the classification of anti-corruption measures. The object of research is a complex of legal and non-legal relations that arise at the initial stages of the appearance of various forms and varieties of corruption. The purpose of this paper is to study the external and internal factors of the emergence of systemic corruption and to develop proactive methods for its weakening and disappearance at all levels of government and self-government. Ways are proposed to weaken corruption by developing self-regulatory organizations of entrepreneurs and delegating them to certain state functions. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that corruption is a universal property of any state, a property that, potentially, under certain conditions of social life, can lead to the emergence of problems that call into question the very existence of the state. The author also believes that it is necessary to take concrete practical measures in the direction of changing imperfect legal norms in the form of stricter control over departmental regulation and conducting permanent expertise of “anti-corruption”legislation.

Special courtroom as an element of child-friendly justice: organizational and legal aspect

The entry of a child into the sphere of justice, regardless of its status, requires the creation of such conditions that would minimize the possibility of the impact of negative factors in the process of administering justice on the child himself. In this regard, one of the effective and important elements in the child-friendly justice system may be the organization of a special courtroom, which would be adapted to hear cases involving a child, which is not widely used in national practice and does not have the appropriate legal regulation in general. In addition, to date, there are no studies that would reflect the problems of organizing a courtroom, in which it is possible to try different categories of cases with the participation of the child. The article attempts to conduct a theoretical and legal study of existing international standards and national legal regulation of the organization of child-friendly courtrooms, identifying the basic elements for its creation, through which it is possible to formulate basic approaches to the administration of child-friendly justice. The author stressed that international standards refer to the components of child-friendly justice, including the issue of creating the most comfortable conditions for the child in the courtroom and directly during the hearing. To substantiate the conclusions, we analyzed the national case law and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, which demonstrates cases of violation of children's rights by not creating appropriate conditions for the trial of children, and emphasizes the importance of the situation in which the trial took place. from litigation involving adults. Positive practices of organization of special courtrooms in some courts of Ukraine are given. Based on the analysis, it was found that the issue of arranging a courtroom friendly to children has no legislative and departmental regulations, in connection with which proposed ways to address the legislative gap in this direction and guidelines for organizing a special courtroom, which is positively assessed. Рrovided children who were invited to court and who had the opportunity to compare the general courtroom and the special. Keywords: international standards, children's rights, child-friendly justice, child interview, courtroom.

Methods for assessing the efficiency of access control subsystems at informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies and aspects of their improvement

Objective. The purpose of the article is to analyse the existing methodology used to assess the efficiency of automated information security systems by studying open literature sources, international and industry standards of the Russian Federation on information security of automated systems, guidelines and orders of the Federal Service for Technical and Expert Control of Russia, as well as departmental orders, instructions and regulations on information security at informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies. The analysis results in identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the specified methodology, as well as the possibilities of its use when conducting a quantitative assessment of the efficiency of access control subsystems of information security systems at the informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies. Methods. To achieve this goal, the method for system analysis of approaches used to assess the efficiency of information security tools and systems has been applied. Results. The paper presents results of analysing the main approaches used to assess the efficiency of tools and systems for information security of automated systems. The paper determines the relationship between the efficiency indicator of access control subsystems of information security systems and the main disadvantage of their use in protected automated systems of internal affairs bodies. The paper substantiates main directions of improving the existing methodology, proposes methods and indicators for quantifying the efficiency of access control subsystems (including those modified on the basis of using new information and communication technologies) of information security systems in protected automated systems of internal affairs bodies. Conclusion. The results obtained can be used to quantify the security level of existing automated systems and those being developed at informatization facilities of internal affairs bodies.

От Конституции РФ к приказу: особенности ведомственного нормотворчества в здравоохранении

The relevance of the research is based on the role of special orders of the Ministry of Health about the realization of citizens’ rights to available and qualitative medical care by providing patients with the opportunity to choose a medical organization. Problems arising in connection with the untimely delivery of health care arise from the contradictions in the provisions of regulations that occupy different places in the hierarchy of domestic legislation.
 The formulation of the research problem is conditioned by the subject of the analysis, which does not only reflect the existing contradiction between departmental orders in the health care system of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the provisions of current federal legislation, but allows us to resolve the problems of their correlation, on the basis of which a serious transformation of the not yet patient-oriented normative framework in the health care sector should take place. The objective of the study is to formulate proposals for improving the current legislation that defines the rights of citizens in the field of healthcare.
 Based on the results obtained, conclusions were drawn, according to which it is advisable to adjust certain provisions of departmental regulations, taking into account the rights of patients, which they are endowed with by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and federal laws in the field of health care. Based on the criminological aspect of violations in the normative acts hierarchy by departmental orders, we can speak about the emergence of a new group of corruption risks.

Regulatory support and legal grounds for the coercion by the law enforcement agencies of Ukraine

The issue of coercion by law enforcement agencies significantly affects the rights and interests of an individual as a person, despite the fact that this person is most often the offender. At the same time, both international law and the national law of any state recognize the possibility of applying coercive measures to ensure order and security. Thus, the principle of proportionality requires the legal definition of the authority powers to interfere in the rights, freedoms and interests of the objects of influence and the proportionate exercise of these powers depending on the specific circumstances of the case, which would ensure the necessary balance between government, community, legal entities and individual citizens. The article analyzes the national legislation that is directly related to the legal framework and legal grounds for the use of coercion by law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. It also covers international legal acts ratified in the prescribed order, and international documents on diplomatic relations and immunities of diplomatic agents with regard to respect for human rights in the use of coercion by the relevant authorities: whether physical influence (force), or special means, or, moreover, firearms, which is most often related to the harming a citizen. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities of departmental regulation of this issue. It is noted that the legal grounds for the application of coercive measures regulated at the level of laws are not a departmental prerogative power of any ministry or other executive body. In addition to the above, it is emphasized that law enforcement officers must take into account the norms and principles of professional conduct in the performance of law enforcement functions in their activities. Thus, the legal grounds for the use of coercion by law enforcement agencies are widespread in regulations of various legal force. At the same time, the grounds and conditions for the application of coercive measures are regulated only by acts issued by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, namely, by laws

Классификация специальных административно-правовых режимов при исполнении лишения свободы и их содержание

The article is devoted to special administrative and legal regimes in the execution of imprisonment. The authors note that these regimes are introduced when situations occur that disrupt the normal activities of correctional institutions. A classification of special administrative and legal regimes is proposed, depending on the legal facts that give rise to them. Attention is drawn to the fact that many of the regimes under consideration have not been consolidated either at the level of laws or in departmental regulations, which provide only typical options for the activities of correctional institutions in certain, not systematized situations.

Significance of the interview with detained person in modern legal science and practice

The main task of Ukraine as a democratical state is to affirm the rule of law and protect human rights and freedoms. Today, theissues of ensuring human rights and freedoms in the activities of law enforcement agencies remain more relevant than ever, as evidencedby the negative dynamics of increasing the number of decisions taken by the European Court of Human Rights regardingUkraine. A significant number of such decisions concerns violations of fundamental rights and freedoms, including the right to libertyand security of person, the prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or search. The issue of software forhuman rights, whose freedom is limited, needs special attention. From this position, the introduction of a system of accounting andrecording of actions against a detainee – Custody Records – is of paramount importance for the domestic law enforcement system.Custody Records is a system for ensuring the safety of detainees and staff of temporary detention facilities, which should makeit to record all actions that take place with detainees in the following period: from the moment of actual detention, until the court choosespre-trial detention and release persons in custody. The main task of Custody Records is to improve the standards of protection of therights of detainees by introduction: 1) mandatory «interview» during the submission to the police; 2) electronic recording of all casesconcerning the detained person, starting the moment of his/her actual security; 3) remote external control.«Interview with a detainee» is one of the key innovations of the Custody Records system and is one of the important proceduralissues of the system. The procedure for conducting such an interview remains regulated only at the level of departmental regulations, andthere are no doctrinal studies of this type of the urgent need for normative definition and coverage of the features of «interview with adetainee» in order to regulate the procedure for its conduct at the legislative level. Because, conducting an «interview with a detainee»,wich creates a fixation of data from the words of the person, wich can significantly increase the security guarantee for such people.

Legal Regulation of the Activities of Operational Units of Law Enforcement Agencies in Maritime Spaces

The paper deals with the problems of control over crime in the sea, contradictions and gaps in regulations that determine the procedure for considering reports of crimes, conducting operational-search measures when committing criminal acts outside the Russian Federation. The existing legal regimes in the sea do not take into account the specifics of operational search activities and, therefore, are not applicable for detecting, suppressing and solving crimes, as well as making decisions on received messages and statements. The author formulates recommendations for law enforcement officers, as well as makes proposals for improving international tools and departmental regulations aimed at solving the problem associated with ensuring compliance with the rules of law in the sea. It is important to note that the improvement and expansion of law enforcement capabilities can be achieved through the adoption of effective measures that combine the introduction of relevant provisions into national legislation, as well as international cooperation of many states.

Административно-правовые режимы в уголовно-исполнительной системе

The article is devoted to the administrative and legal regimes in the penal system. The authors point to the complex nature of the administrative and legal regimes that ensure the normal functioning of institutions and bodies of the penal system. The introduction of special administrative and legal regimes is justified by the occurrence of situations that violate the activities of the penal system. Attention is drawn to the fact that not all special regimes in the penal system have legislative or departmental regulation, hence the difficulties in their application. The solution to the problem is seen in the theoretical substantiation of the content of this institution, the systematization of the organizational forms of its provision, the reflection of its characteristics in the legislation.

Prospective Directions of Prosecutor’s Offi ce Activity in Enhancing the Institution of Independent Anti-Corruption Expertise

One of the measures to prevent corruption in Russia is the anti-corruption expertise of regulatory legal acts and their drafts. This is the only measure aimed at eliminating the causes of corruption in the field of lawmaking. The prosecutor’s office is considered to be the most effective body to implement it. The Institute of Independent Anti-Corruption Expertise has not been operational today as far as is necessary. In the course of the research, some prosecutors and accredited independent experts were surveyed. Both groups of respondents proved the effectiveness of this preventive measure, noting that it needs improving. As part of the study, the author attempts to identify the problems faced by independent experts, as well as the prosecutors themselves, and proposes ways to solve these problems and enhance independent experts by means of the prosecutor’s office activities. The study showed that it is necessary to improve the conceptual apparatus of the legal institution (e.g., the lack of definitions of “corruption” and “corruptogenic factor”), the mechanism of interaction between prosecutors and independent experts when conducting anti-corruption expertise of both existing acts and projects. Prosecutors can play a coordinating role with a clearer departmental regulation of this activity, take measures of moral encouragement of independent experts, most actively report on their work in carrying out anti-corruption expertise, while involving independent experts in it. Additional regulation of this activity is necessary at the level of both federal law and organizational and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation. According to the study, 63% of independent experts named the improvement of the mechanism of their participation in anti-corruption expertise as one of the main factors in enhancing their activities.

Применение наручников по отношению к лицам, подлежащим конвоированию: зарубежный опыт

Based on the case law of the European Court for Human Rights, the problem of the use of handcuffs and other means of restraining the mobility during escorting in relation to persons in custody, this issue is relevant both for the penitentiary systems of foreign states and of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this paper is to study and analyze the experience of foreign countries, as well as to consider the norms of national legislation on the issue under consideration. For the most effective research, empirical methods were used – description with recording of information, observation, comparison, as well as a general scientific method - the method of analysis – in order to study in detail foreign experience in the area of transportation of persons in custody. The study is expected to draw the attention of penitentiary scholars and practitioners to the need for revising the standards of prisoners’ transportation. Analysis of foreign experience in the use of handcuffs when escorting persons in custody, as well as the norms of international law, national legislation, departmental regulations, suggests the possibility of making appropriate changes to the Law of the Russian Federation «On institutions and bodies executing criminal punishments in the form of deprivation of freedom» from 21.07.1993 No. 5473-1, detailing the conditions for the use of means of restraining the mobility when escorting on foot, assigning the officers of the penal system with the authority to use special means when carrying out the tasks of escorting convicts and persons in custody outside protected areas near crowded places and in conditions of limited visibility. It also seems appropriate to regulate that if the use of such means is absolutely necessary, it should be carried out in such a way as to minimize any risk of harm to the prisoner. The conclusions made in the course of the study indicate to the possibility of coming up with a legislative initiative detailing the conditions for the use of means restraining the mobility when escorting on foot. Key words: penitentiary system, means of restraint of mobility, escort, international law, national legislation.

СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ОБЛІКУ РОЗРАХУНКІВ ЗА ПОДАТКАМИ ТА ПЛАТЕЖАМИ НЕКОМЕРЦІЙНИХ КОМУНАЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ – ЗАКЛАДІВ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я

All non-profit enterprises will differ on the signs of non-profit and peculiarities of taxation. The article analyzes the features of non-profit municipal utilities – health facilities as subjects of taxation and the problem aspects of the organization and methodology of accounting of settlements with the budget for taxes and payments of transformed non-profit (non-profit) utilities – health care institutions. The purpose of the article is to establish the peculiarities of accounting for calculations with the budget for tax payments of communal non-profit enterprises in the field of health care and substantiation of its optimization directions. The method of research is based on general scientific methods of knowledge: historical, logical, systemic, induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis; Methods of statistical data processing, classification, and grouping. Non-profit (nonprofit) utilities in the field of health care as tax subjects have a significant difference: when they are created, it is necessary to ensure the profitability of activities. Such medical facilities are not taxpayers. It is expedient to consider exemption from payment of income tax as a type of targeted financing and reflection in the reporting of such communal non-profit enterprises accrual of income tax and its direction for targeted financing. Features of the activity and availability of its varieties in relation to VAT tax should be taken into account both in the formation of internal regulations on accounting policies, and when working out other organizational aspects of accounting for calculations with the budget of communal non-profit enterprises. At the normative level there is no regulation of accounting for calculations with the budget with the VAT, which on the one hand is a manifestation of democratization of regulation, and on the other hand, the problem is amplified for communal non-profit enterprises for which there are complications when accounting as business entities that were transformed from the budget. In order to meet the needs of the tax consequences and assembly of tax reporting, it is necessary for communal non-profit enterprises of VAT payers substantially deepen the analyst and to adopt organizational decisions as part of the development of the working plan of accounts and presented balances on analytical accounts for calculations with the VAT budget. For such enterprises at the level of departmental regulation of accounting and reporting by communal non-profit enterprises, it is advisable to develop targeted methodological recommendations, which is a prospect of further research. The emphasis on problematic aspects of the interpretation of the status of non-profitability and the need for accounting for activities as business entities that are transformed from budget health facilities. The organizational and methodological features of accounting for calculations with the budget for various taxes and payments are highlighted, in accordance with the features; recommendations for optimizing the organization of accounting are substantiated.

ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE PROCEDURE FOR IMPLEMENTATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE CUSTODY RECORDS SYSTEM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE BODIES OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE

Development of Ukraine as an independent democratic state governed by the rule of law and as a full member of the European community is impossible without the approval of international standards of respect for human rights and freedoms. Given the recent trends of the European Court of Human Rights and the recommendations provided by the Council of Europe, one of the priorities for Ukraine is to reform the law enforcement system in terms of respect for human rights and freedoms in the exercise of police powers. Today, the National Police of Ukraine together with non-governmental organizations are carrying out a set of measures aimed at reforming the law enforcement system, the key of which is the introduction of a system of accounting and recording actions against the detainee – Custody Records. Despite the fact that the pilot projects of the system are already actively operating on the basis of temporary detention facilities in several regions of Ukraine, and in the near future it is planned to launch the system in all police units (institutions), numerous issues of administrative and legal regulation of the system remain open. Thus, the relevance of the research topic is due to the urgent need to eliminate gaps in the administrative and legal regulation of the implementation and operation of the Custody Records system in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to highlight the nature and importance of the appropriate level of administrative and legal regulation of the Custody Records system for the observance of human rights and freedoms in the activities of the National Police of Ukraine. In view of this, the results of the study formed a definition of administrative and legal regulation of the implementation and operation of Custody Records in Ukraine as one of the types of state and legal regulation, and which is proposed to be defined as regulated by regulations, targeted state influence on social relations that arise between state and civil institutions during the implementation and further functioning. The current state of legal regulation of the introduction and further functioning of the Custody Records system as a component of its administrative and legal regulation is highlighted. It was stated that the adoption of departmental regulations aimed at regulating the functioning of the system indicates positive changes, but is insufficient, in this regard, proposals were made to improve the studied area of public relations.

Uncertainty of Wording in the Federal Law "On the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation"

The paper is devoted to the study of issues arising from the application in the organization and activities of the prosecutor’s office of the norms of the Federal Law of 17.01.1992 No. 2202-1 "On the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation" known by their uncertainty and inconsistency. The author analyses the situations in which the existing methods of interpreting legal norms do not make it possible to find an appropriate solution in the functions of the prosecutor’s office implementation. The study notes the inconsistency of certain provisions of the Federal Law with the constitutional framework for regulating the organization and activities of the prosecutor’s office. The author highlights the unjustified expansion of the limits of departmental legal regulation of the organization of prosecutorial supervision. The legal norms governing the powers of prosecutors, objects of prosecutorial supervision and the function of the prosecutor’s office to initiate cases of administrative offenses and administrative investigation were subjected to critical analysis. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that it is necessary to significantly amend and supplement the current Law.

Проблемы взаимодействия полицейских урядников и мировых судей как форма отражения сущности буржуазных реформ второй половины XIX в. в России

The article is devoted to the insufficiently studied problem of interaction between the institutions of the magistrate’s court and police officials in the second half of the 19th century. The powers of a magistrate, as a representative of the judiciary, enshrined in the Charter of Criminal Proceedings, the Charter on Punishments Imposed by Justices of the Peace, were not limited to considering the case and bringing the guilty persons to justice, but made it possible to issue warnings to police officials. The procedural status of a police village constable was regulated by the charter of criminal proceedings and departmental regulations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Having consistently studied literary sources and archival materials, the author comes to the conclusion that procedural powers have found their application in the activities of police village constables. However, the lack of professional training and sufficient knowledge of regulatory legal acts became an obstacle in the implementation of the procedural powers of a police village constable. For the admission of violations of the fulfillment of the assigned duties when drawing up procedural acts against the guilty persons, the justices of the peace issued warnings to the police officials and reported this to the prosecutor. A commission created with the participation of representatives of the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the second and the third sections of His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancery to discuss the issue «On the abolition of the right granted to the magistrate courts by article 53 of the charter of criminal proceedings of the right to issue warnings to police officers» considered the powers of the magistrate court to prosecute police officials.

Legal Principles of Procedural Activity and Interaction of Employees of Operative Divisions at Execution of Instructions of Interrogators, Investigators, Prosecutors in Regard to Carrying out Secret Investigative (Search) Actions

The author of the article provides a retrospective analysis of the provisions of legislative acts of Ukraine, decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the European Court of Human Rights, as well as some national criminal procedural legislation and departmental regulations on legal grounds for procedural activities and interaction of operative units to execute written instructions of interrogators, investigators, prosecutors on investigative (search) actions and secret investigative (search) actions. The author has made a retrospective analysis of the introduction of this amendment to the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine since 2012, as well as the legal grounds for its use in pre-trial investigation and has focused on the conclusions about its significant prevalence in law enforcement activities of pre-trial investigation, and in connection with recent amendments in the legislation also in the initial practice of the inquiry agencies of the National Police of Ukraine. The author researched positions of scholars and representatives of scientific schools in relation to the conceptual apparatus and the essence of the concept of “interaction” in general, as well as “interaction” between pre-trial investigation and inquiry agencies and operative police units in this direction. Special attention has been paid to the study of the peculiarities of forms of interaction and its subjects in criminal proceedings, as well as the existing legislative and practical issues concerning the compliance with operative deadlines of police orders of interrogators, investigators and prosecutors and has suggested the ways to solve them in practice and, in particular, at the legislative level.
 Additionally, it has been established, substantiated and focused on theoretical and applied improvement of the use of such a feature in law enforcement activities that operative staff, in carrying out written instructions of interrogators, investigators and prosecutors on the conduction of investigative and secret investigative actions, has procedural rights of the investigator and interrogator. Based on this, the author also offers propositions and recommendations in this area.

Security of aircraft infrastructure objects: theoretical aspects

The article determines that the basis for effective activity for the protection of critical infrastructure facilities is the formation of a system of legislative definition of criteria for attribution to the critical infrastructure of the state of the relevant facilities, including aviation. The basis of legislative and organizational activity in this sense is the implementation of scientific research aimed at the formation of scientific and organizational security of aviation objects. It is stated that beyond the scope of modern research in aviation security and in the whole of all critical infrastructure objects there remain: theoretical clarification of the essence and correlation of such theoretical and applied categories of different types of security with regard to critical infrastructure and aviation transport objects. The reasons and conditions for the formation of security threats to the entire aviation infrastructure of Ukraine have not been properly investigated. The necessity of development of theoretical and applied and legal problems of safety of the objects of aviation transport of Ukraine is determined not only by the intervention in the activity of civil aviation, but also by the whole complex of conditions of normal activity of structures and subjects of business activity of objects of aviation infrastructure. The purpose of the article is to create on the basis of a series of articles a theoretical basis for organizational and legal security of objects of aviation transport infrastructure. The purpose of the article was implemented in a systematic approach to the study of existing problems in the security sphere of aviation infrastructure. The use of a set of general and specific research methods made it possible to determine the factors and content of the causes and conditions of the formation of threats to the security of all aviation transport infrastructure in Ukraine. This approach made it possible to conclude that the content of security of aviation infrastructure and economic entities located in their territory can be viewed from several positions: First - as conditions in which there is a complex system where the action of external factors and internal factors does not lead to the emergence of threats and negative objective and subjective negative processes. Secondly, as a condition of critical infrastructure - aviation, at which the risk of harming people or property is reduced to an acceptable level. Thirdly - as a type of activity of authorized structural units for creation of normative conditions for functioning of critical infrastructure objects - aviation transport. Taking into account the analysis of the practice, legislative and departmental regulations and opinions of scientists, a differentiated classification of security threats to aviation infrastructure objects is given, with determination of their impact on each element of the infrastructure.