Dentin Hypersensitivity Research Articles (Page 1)

Sleep bruxism has been investigated among sleep-related movement disorders, highly prevalent in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children and adolescents with ADHD tend to have more sleep disorders compared to those with neurotypical development. Although there are still no specific guidelines for the treatment of bruxism in this population, it is believed that exogenous melatonin may contribute to improving sleep quality and reducing bruxism episodes. Therefore, the present study aimed to report the case of a 13-year-old male adolescent diagnosed with ADHD and frequent episodes of sleep bruxism. The patient had a history of talking and agitation during sleep, in addition to daytime fatigue. He reported grinding his teeth at least three times a week, in addition to fatigue in the facial muscles and tooth sensitivity when consuming cold foods. To improve sleep quality, it was decided to administer 3 mg of melatonin for a period of 60 days, together with sleep hygiene recommendations. A significant improvement in sleep quality and a reduction in bruxism-related symptoms were observed. Although this is a single case, the findings suggest that melatonin may represent a promising therapeutic alternative, reinforcing the need for larger and more controlled clinical studies to investigate its efficacy and safety in this population

To assess the bleaching efficacy, tooth sensitivity, enamel surface morphology, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of two at-home bleaching products with matched effective hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentrations: Beyke iWhite (8% carbamide peroxide) and Invisalign (3% hydrogen peroxide). A randomized, triple-blind, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted with 22 participants undergoing a two-week bleaching treatment. The gel was used daily for 6-8h. Tooth color and OHRQoL were assessed at baseline, post-bleaching, and 1-month follow-up. Tooth color was measured using a spectrophotometer (ΔE00), while OHRQoL was evaluated using psychological questionnaires (OHIP and PIDAQ questionnaires). Daily tooth sensitivity reports were collected, and enamel morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. An in vitro experiment tracked the initial pH values of gels and their 8h changes on bovine enamel. Statistical analysis included Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests for tooth sensitivity and questionnaires, paired t-tests for color change (ΔE00), and ANOVA for pH changes. Both products presented effective color change (ΔE00 = 5.39 ± 2.50 for 3% HP and ΔE00 = 4.75 ± 2.25 for 8% CP) after two weeks, exceeding clinical acceptability thresholds (ΔE00 >1.8). The 3% HP gel yielded a statistically greater color change than the 8% CP gel (p < 0.05). The 8% CP gel induced statistically lower tooth sensitivity (NRS/VAS, p < 0.05), while both reported mild sensitivity (0 < NRS < 1.5, 0 < VAS < 3). OHRQoL improved significantly (P < 0.05). Invisalign treatment led to more noticeable surface undulations than Beyke iWhite. The in vitro experiment indicated Beyke iWhite gel was initially alkaline, turning neutral, while Invisalign gel remained acidic. Both products effectively whitened teeth while inducing mild tooth sensitivity, and both had a positive socio-psychological impact. The 3% HP gel provided a bleaching efficacy advantage, while the 8% CP gel demonstrated lower sensitivity and less enamel alteration. Clinicians may consider at-home bleaching techniques with 3% HP and 8% CP to obtain effective bleaching results with slight side effects. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2400092807, 24/11/2024, Retrospectively registered.

Introduction. In recent years, despite significant advancements in the prevention and treatment of dental diseases, the demand for dental care, including prosthodontic services, has continued to rise. Objective. To enhance the effectiveness of prosthodontic treatment for patients with hard tissue defects of primary teeth using inlays, through the development of methods aimed at preventing complications. Participants and Methods. The study involved 93 patients aged 18 to 59, divided into three groups: control group (30 patients) included individuals without hard tissue lesions, with physiological occlusion and no prosthodontic restorations, who presented for consultation; second group (31 patients, 34 inlays) consisted of individuals with defects restored with inlays following the classical protocol; third group (32 patients, 38 inlays) included participants with inlays placed with an additional treatment and prevention protocol. All participants underwent a comprehensive clinical examination with informed consent in accordance with bioethical standards. Electroodontodiagnostics (EOD) was performed using the “Endoest-3D” device, following a standardized protocol (oral hygiene, tooth isolation, drying, probe lubrication with gel, application of minimal current) to assess pulp sensitivity and excitability on days 1 and 30. The thickness of suprapulpal dentin was measured using the “Dentometer” mode. Inlays were fabricated from digital impressions obtained with the SHINING 3D Aoralscan 3 scanner. Results. A significant difference in EOD indices was observed between the second group (ages 18–29: 1.5 ± 0.02 μA) and the control group (3.6 ± 0.11 μA) (p &lt; 0.05), indicating the negative impact of tooth preparation and increased postoperative sensitivity of primary teeth. On the first day following preparation, patients in the second group (aged 18–29 and 30–44 years) reported sensitivity to tactile, thermal, and chemical stimuli, which resolved upon stimulus removal and differed from typical pulp pain. Among patients aged 45–59 years, sensitivity was primarily to thermal and chemical stimuli, with tactile sensitivity reported in four cases. Patients in the third group reported similar but less pronounced symptoms. A significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) between the third group (18–29 years: 2.40 ± 0.12 μA) and the second group (1.5 ± 0.02 μA) confirms the efficacy of the additional treatment and prevention protocol. This trend was consistent across other age subgroups (30–44 and 45–59 years). Overall, the third group exhibited fewer complaints in response to irritants compared to the second group. After one month, a statistically significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) persisted between the second group (18–29 years: 1.70 ± 0.21 μA) and the third group (2.75 ± 0.15 μA) when compared to the control (3.6 ± 0.11 μA), reflecting elevated pulp excitability in the second group and reduced excitability in the third — further supporting the effectiveness of the comprehensive protocol. A similar pattern was noted in older age groups: 30–44 years: 1.77 ± 0.12 μA (second group) vs. 3.23 ± 0.11 μA (third group); 45–59 years: 3.58 ± 0.19 μA vs. 4.51 ± 0.46 μA, respectively. Follow-up assessments at 1, 6, and 12 months confirmed the efficacy of the proposed algorithm and the advisability of additional protection of prepared tooth surfaces during inlay fabrication. Conclusion. The use of supplementary protective measures on prepared tooth surfaces significantly reduces postoperative sensitivity and plays a crucial role in preventing pulp complications both in the short and long term, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of prosthetic rehabilitation.

Clinical performance of low-concentration bleaching gels with hyaluronic acid and NF_TiO2 nanoparticles activated by violet LED: A randomized clinical trial.

Bioglass in dentistry: A comprehensive review of current applications and innovative frontiers.

Clinical use of silver diamine fluoride in older adults: A scoping review.

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) in comparison to zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in occluding dentinal tubules (DTs). Managing dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and assessing the resilience of anti-hypersensitivity treatments present significant clinical challenges. Hence, it is imperative to explore the impact of NPs on DH treatment.MethodsIn this study, twenty- seven orthodontically extracted teeth with no caries or restorations were employed to produce 27 dentin discs. These discs were created by slicing the teeth coronally and subsequently subjecting them to a 20-second etching using 37% orthophosphoric acid to simulate DH conditions and eliminate the smear layer. The dentin discs were then randomly assigned to three groups: Group I (etched control), Group II (HANPs), where dentin discs were treated with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) dental hydrogel loaded with HANPs, and Group III (ZnO NPs), where dentin discs received treatment with CMC dental hydrogel loaded with ZnO NPs. Finally, the dentin discs underwent various analyses, including profilometric assessment to measure surface roughness (SRa) of dentin discs, qualitative assessment using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate DT occlusion and quantitative assessment SEM images using Image J software platform.ResultsAnalysis of the dentin discs revealed that Group I had the highest SRa measuring 1.52 ± 0.08 μm, followed by Group II, measuring 1.21 ± 0.06 μm, while Group III exhibited the lowest SRa measuring 1.20 ± 0.05 μm. SEM examination indicated that Group III displayed the most extensive DT occlusion, followed by Group II, while Group I exhibited the lowest level of occlusion. The results from the SEM analysis were quantitatively validated through additional analysis using Image J software. Statistical analysis (ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s test, p ≤ 0.05) revealed significant differences between groups, thereby rejecting the null hypothesis.ConclusionsThe application of ZnO NPs demonstrates a positive impact on both the qualitative and quantitative aspects of DH.

The study addresses dental bleaching for restricted teeth as one of the most sought-after aesthetic procedures in modern dentistry, driven by the appreciation of appearance and self-esteem. The main objective is to understand the clinical limitations of bleaching, its techniques, benefits, risks, and necessary care. Bleaching has been practiced historically since Ancient Egypt, evolving into the modern use of hydrogen and carbamide peroxides, introduced in the 1980s. The study highlights two main techniques: supervised home bleaching and in-office bleaching, which offer similar functionality, differing only in the concentration of the bleaching agent, application time, and cost. The procedure is indicated for cases of dental darkening caused by extrinsic pigmentation (from food, beverages, and smoking) or intrinsic pigmentation (from trauma, disease, or medications). Although it is a safe and minimally invasive method, it can cause side effects such as dentin hypersensitivity and gum protection, which are generally temporary. Strategies such as the use of desensitizers, fluoride, and low-level laser help reduce these symptoms. The dentist plays a crucial role in evaluating and customizing treatment, taking into account oral health, the type of stain, and the integrity of the enamel. The success of whitening depends on proper indication, professional monitoring, and respect for biological limits. It can be concluded that tooth whitening is a safe, effective, and affordable procedure, as long as it is performed ethically and under supervision. In addition to the aesthetic benefits, it contributes to the patient's self-esteem and well-being, reinforcing the importance of ongoing scientific updating for dental professionals.

A standard cosmetic dentistry procedure that is designed to improve the appearance of stained teeth is external dental whitening. Age, dietary choices, cigarette usage, or teeth trauma are among some of the causes of teeth discoloration. The objective of this study is to study the effects of whitening gels on teeth color, duration of effects, and potential adverse effects. To find studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria, two independent reviewers searched electronic sources, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, in July 2024, which was updated on August 1, 2024. Changes in tooth color before and after external bleaching were the key end measures for the studies that were chosen, and these changes were measured using either shade guide units (SGU) or a spectrophotometer/colorimeter (ΔE). The effectiveness of various bleaching gels was compared after combining the pertinent research in subgroup analysis. These substances comprise gels based on hydrogen peroxide, carbamide peroxide, and other substances frequently applied during teeth whitening procedures. The Cochran Q test and I2 statistic were used to evaluate statistical heterogeneity and ensure the results were reliable. The results of this systematic review summarize the most recent data on the effectiveness of various bleaching gels used in external teeth whitening. Regarding ΔE, carbamide peroxide gels performed better than hydrogen peroxide-based whitening gels, although their ΔSGU values were comparable. The quality of evidence for ΔE*, risk, and intensity of teeth sensitivity was graded as moderate in all types of whitening agents. Teeth that are stained can be significantly bleached by whitening gels such as hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide. The greater concentration carbamide peroxide bleaching gel showed less tooth sensitivity than the higher concentration HP bleaching gel. This study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) dated November 26, 2023, with the registration ID CRD42023483434.

Nanoparticle-based oral rinses for plaque control: A systematic review of efficacy and safety.

Background/Objectives: Gingival recession (GR), characterized by the apical displacement of the gingival margin leading to root exposure, risk of root caries, dentine hypersensitivity (DH), and plaque accumulation. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness, causes, and consequences of gingival recession among adults in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional self-reported survey was conducted from September 2023 to December 2024, involving 619 participants (51.53% male). Participants were recruited through dental clinics, community centers, and online platforms across multiple regions in Saudi Arabia to ensure diverse demographic and socioeconomic representation. A validated 27-question survey collected data on demographics, oral hygiene practices, and GR awareness and related factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4, with significance set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: The prevalence of GR was 26.66%, dental plaque was the most frequently reported causing factor, followed by medical conditions (45.4%). Aesthetic concerns were the most recognized consequence (78.4%) followed by periodontitis and tooth mobility and tooth loss (58.5%). Medical disease (Odds Ratio OR = 2.149, p &lt; 0.0001), trauma (OR = 1.515, p = 0.0078), and rough brushing (OR = 1.431, p = 0.0233) were identified as significant risk factors for gingival recession. The association between gingival recession (GR) and its perceived consequences was generally not statistically significant. However, a significant relationship was observed with dental caries (p = 0.0472). Conclusions: Gingival recession awareness among Saudi adults was influenced by age, gender, smoking, and oral hygiene factors. The findings emphasize the importance of raising awareness and promoting preventive strategies targeting modifiable risk factors to reduce GR prevalence and clinical impact.

AimThis randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy of a combined Nd:YAG laser and bioactive glass (BAG) for dentin hypersensitivity following scaling and root planning (SRP). The study compared various desensitization protocols and evaluated the time-dependent effects of immediate desensitization therapy post-SRP.Methods80 patients with chronic periodontitis (200 sensitive teeth) were randomly assigned to five groups: group A (BAG), group B (Nd:YAG laser), group C (Nd:YAG laser + BAG), group D (BAG + Nd:YAG laser), and group E (control). Hypersensitivity was assessed via air-blast stimulation and measured on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at baseline (T0), immediately after intervention (T1), and at 1-, 4-, and 8-week (T2–T4) post-treatment. Between-group comparisons of baseline characteristics and post-treatment measurements were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Longitudinal comparisons across timepoints were evaluated using repeated-measures ANOVA. Categorical variables were compared by chi-square test.ResultsNo significant differences in demographic characteristics or baseline VAS scores were observed across the groups before treatment (P > 0.05). All interventional groups (A–D) showed significant and sustained reductions in VAS scores relative to both baseline and control (all P < 0.001), with group D achieving the greatest improvement at T4 (2.00 ± 0.68, P < 0.05 vs. group C). Effectiveness rates were also significantly higher in groups A–D than in group E (all P < 0.001). Combination therapies (C and D) proved superior to monotherapies (A and B), with group D maintaining the highest effectiveness rate through T4 (92.5%). A gradual decline in effectiveness was observed over time, being least pronounced in group D.ConclusionsThe combined application of BAG and Nd:YAG laser therapy demonstrated a significant reduction in dentin hypersensitivity post-SRP, exhibiting superior and sustained efficacy compared to monotherapies. Furthermore, the sequential treatment involving BAG applied prior to Nd:YAG laser irradiation showed the most pronounced therapeutic effect in symptom alleviation.

Long-term clinical efficacy of dentin desensitizing agents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Tooth whitening is one of the most requested aesthetic procedures in dentistry due to its ability to significantly improve the smile’s appearance. However, post-whitening tooth sensitivity is a common adverse effect that can compromise the patient’s experience during and after treatment. The aim of this study was to analyze the causes of tooth sensitivity associated with bleaching and to evaluate the most effective therapeutic strategies for its management. A literature review was conducted in indexed databases, including clinical studies and systematic reviews published in recent years. The findings indicate that sensitivity results from the diffusion of bleaching agents through enamel and dentin, reaching the pulp and stimulating nerve fibers. Pre-existing factors such as caries, cracks, and gingival recession increase the risk of exacerbated hypersensitivity. The main management approaches identified were desensitizing agents — such as potassium nitrate and fluorides — and low-level laser therapy, both effective in reducing discomfort without compromising the aesthetic outcomes. It is concluded that the adoption of preventive and therapeutic protocols is essential to ensure greater comfort and satisfaction for patients undergoing tooth whitening.

The objective of this study was to provide the first review on the emerging role of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) as an adjunct or alternative to conventional tooth bleaching methods. A detailed literature review of the current knowledge on aPDT bleaching was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar from 2018 to 2024. aPDT targets pigmented substances with precision while minimizing non-specific side effects. Studies have demonstrated that aPDT achieves comparable or superior whitening results to traditional methods, with reduced enamel damage and dentinal hypersensitivity. Antimicrobial action of aPDT further mitigates gingival irritation and secondary infections. aPDT represents a promising innovation in tooth bleaching, offering the dual benefits of aesthetic improvement and biological safety.

Comparative evaluation of efficacy of two different desensitizing toothpaste in managing dentin hypersensitivity: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Management Of Dentine Hypersensitivity: Survey Of Dental Healthcare Professionals

Teeth Wear With Dentin Hypersensitivity Restored By Ceremic Occlusal Veneers

To evaluate the effects of four different mouthwashes, including three desensitizing formulations, one chlorhexidine-based solution, and artificial saliva as the control, on enamel discoloration and surface roughness. 60 extracted human lower incisors were exposed to the solutions, and measurements were performed before and after exposure using a spectrophotometer (ΔE) and profilometer (Ra). None of the tested solutions caused clinically perceptible discoloration (ΔE < 3.7) nor significant changes in the surface roughness (P> 0.05). Among the desensitizing solutions, the potassium nitrate-containing mouthwash exhibited the highest, albeit not clinically significant, changes in both color and roughness. However, no statistically significant differences were observed among the groups in terms of both ΔE and surface roughness values (P> 0.05). Desensitizing mouthwashes can be safely recommended for routine use in managing dentin hypersensitivity without causing visible discoloration or roughness alterations. However, clinicians should remain mindful of potential long-term effects and advise patients accordingly.

Chemical and morphological analysis of permeable dentin exposed to experimental solutions containing epigallocatechin-3-gallate encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles.