Density In Postmenopausal Women Research Articles

Effect of periodontitis on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: A non-randomized interventional study.

Chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with increased systemic inflammation and osteoporosis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, implicated in systemic bone loss, are also associated with periodontitis. The impact of control of systemic inflammation by scaling and root planing (SRP) on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal (PM) osteopenic women with CP was investigated in this study. Sixty-eight PM osteopenic women with CP were included. The test group (n = 34) received SRP along with calcium (500 mg) and vitamin D (250 IU) supplementation twice a day for 6 months, while the control group (n = 34) received calcium (500 mg) and vitamin D (250 IU) supplementation twice a day for 6 months. BMD, serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 6 months. Improvement in BMD and serum hsCRP showed a statistically significant difference between groups at 6 months (P < .001). Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that the test group was 4.82 (ORadjusted = 4.82; 95% CI = 1.17-19.71; P = .029) times more likely to exhibit normal BMD at 6 months. The results suggest there is an association of control of systemic inflammation by SRP with improved BMD in PM osteopenic women with generalized severe CP.

The value of osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase-3 in the assessment of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the value of osteopontin (OPN) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in the assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Background Osteoporosis is a widespread age-related skeletal disorder characterized by bone loss that increases skeletal fragility. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 172 postmenopausal female individuals. OPN and MMP-3 were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BMD assessment was carried out by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The patients were divided into three groups according to BMD: osteopenic, osteoporotic and control groups. Results OPN and MMP-3 levels were significantly greater in the osteoporotic and osteopenic groups than in the control group (P Conclusion OPN and MMP-3 were significantly increased in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, suggesting their role in bone turnover. The preserving of normal bone mass density is a challenge for postmenopausal women to prevent bone disabilities. Hence, further studies are recommended to use the presence of OPN and MMP-3 as a regular monitoring system – being sensitive and easy to measure – for the early detection of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Effect of a long-term modified Tai Chi-based intervention in attenuating bone mineral density in postmenopausal women in southeast China: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background and objectives: According to Chinese White Paper on Osteoporosis Prevention (2009), an estimated number of 69 million Chinese people are experiencing osteoporosis caused by loss and deterioration of bone mineral density (BMD). Middle-aged women have a greater possibility in developing osteoporosis in comparison with men because of a decreased estrogen level and degeneration in physical fitness level. A Tai Chi-based intervention in the present study will be created based on four components consisting of fall-prevention/balance training, stretching/flexibility training, resistance training (Tai Chi push hand), and strength training. Design: A prospective three-arm parallel randomized controlled trial. Methods: This study will take place in ten community centers in southeast China, and postmenopausal women aged 50–65 years and without menses for 6–12 months will be recruited and randomly assigned into three groups with the allocation ratio of 1:1:1 (n = 50 for each group), including two experimental groups (a traditional Tai Chi group and a modified Tai Chi-based intervention group) and a control group. Participants in the control group will be asked to maintain their original lifestyle during the 12-month intervention period. Participants in the traditional Tai Chi and modified Tai Chi-based intervention groups will experience the traditional Yang-style Tai Chi and receive the modified Tai Chi-based intervention, respectively. The modified Tai Chi-based intervention contains four components: 1) eight Tai Chi based fall-prevention movements; 2) ten Qigong-based stretching/flexibility movements; 3) eight resistance training-based Tai Chi push hand movements; 4) eight Chen style-based Tai Chi movements. For both the experimental groups, study participants will experience four 60-minute Tai Chi training sessions weekly for 12 months. Outcome measures: BMD at multiple musculoskeletal regions is primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures include low limb muscle strength, physical function, and reaction time at both upper and low limbs, which will be measured at baseline and 12 months (at the end of the intervention). Discussion: Results of this study will provide preliminary evidence regarding the value of Tai Chi movement as an intervention for attenuating BMD loss in postmenopausal women. Ethics and dissemination: This study protocol was approved by the Institution Review Board of Shanghai Sports University (approval No. 11290502800) and will be performed in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Patient recruitment started in August 2017. The analysis of primary outcome measures will be completed in October 2018. The estimated study completion date is June 2019. Dissemination plans include presentations at scientific conferences and scientific publications. Trial registration: This trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration No. ChiCTR-IOR-15005887) on 27 January 2015.

Association of COL1A1 gene -1997 C&gt;A (rs1107946) polymorphism with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Objective: to study bone mineral density indexes in zone of L1-L4 lumbar vertebrae and left and right femur proximal departments including left and right femoral necks in postmenopausal women according to genotypes of -1997 C&gt;A polymorphism of COL1A1 gene. Materials and methods: 483 Caucasian women from eastern and central regions of Ukraine were examined. All women were postmenopausal. Osteodensitometry was carried out by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. Detection of a gene COL1A1 -1997 C&gt;A polymorphism was carried out by the real-time PCR method. Results: it was established that the low bone mineral density indicators in zone of left femoral neck were associated with AA genotype (Р=0,040), and in zone of right femoral neck and proximal department – with AA and CA genotypes (Р=0,008-P=0,035). Association of polymorphic variations of COL1A1 gene (-1997 C&gt;A) with mineral density of L1-L4 lumbar vertebrae was not established. Conclusion: the obtained data can be used for detection of predisposition to postmenopausal osteoporosis development and increase of treatment-and-prophylactic actions effectiveness.

The Effect of Short-term Treatment with Fennel on Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to assess the effect of fennel on bone density.MethodsThis was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, which studied sixty eligible postmenopausal women, who were randomly assigned to fennel and placebo groups. Then, the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was utilized to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the spine, femoral neck, intertrochanter, and trochanter at the baseline and after three-month follow-up.ResultsThe mean BMD and BMC at lumbar spine (P = 0.14, P = 0.504), total hip femoral (P = 0.427, P = 0.471), trochanter (P = 0.075, P = 0.07), intertrochanter, (P = 0.864, P = 0.932) and femoral neck (P = 0.439, P = 0.641) was not significantly different between the fennel and placebo groups.ConclusionsThe results of this study did not approve the effect of fennel on bone density in post-menopausal women. However, to gain deeper insights, further studies with longer durations and larger sample sizes are recommended.

Relationships between arterial stiffness and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Relationships between arterial stiffness and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women with or without Breast Arterial Calcification.

Background:Identification of osteoporosis in women in order to prevent its related morbidity and mortality is considered a priority. Routine mammography is performed on all menopausal women as a screening tool. Determination of the relation between breast arterial calcification (BAC) on mammography and the bone density of this high-risk population could help us to determine those with osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the mentioned probable relation between BAC and osteoporosis.Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, menopausal women referred for annual screening mammography were enrolled. According to the results of mammography, they were classified into two groups: menopausal women with and without calcification of breast arteries. The selected women were referred for bone mineral density (BMD) evaluation by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The results of BMD were compared between the two studied groups.Results:In this study, BMD was measured in 43 and 45 menopausal women with and without BAC, respectively. After age adjustment the difference between BMD measurements were not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between age and lumbar (P = 0.002, r = -0.42) and hip bone (P = 0.000, r = -0.67) density in menopausal women with BAC.Conclusion:The results of the current study indicated that there was no significant relationship between BAC and BMD in our studied population, but it seems that increasing age has an important role in both developing BAC and reducing BMD. For obtaining more conclusive results, further studies with larger sample sizes and considering the severity of BAC is recommended.

Relationship between metabolic syndrome and its components with bone densitometry in postmenopausal women

BackgroundPrevention of osteoporosis and bone fracture and the relationship between metabolic syndrome and bone density are controversial issues. The aim of this studyThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome and its components with bone mineral density in post menopausal women referred for bone mineral density (BMD) test. MethodsA total of 143 postmenopausal women with at least one year of menopause experience participated in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics for all participants were collected. Also, biochemical parameters including fasting blood sugar, Cholesterol (HDL and LDL), triglyceride were measured. Association between the components of metabolic syndrome and bone densitometry were analyzed by statistical methods. ResultsIn this study, 72% of participants did not have metabolic syndrome. Among them, 43.4% and 28.7% had osteoporosis and normal density, respectively. Of remaining participants with metabolic syndrome, 12.6% and 15.4% had osteoporosis and normal density, respectively. Among the metabolic syndrome components, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, and waist to hip ratio were significantly associated with bone mass (P<0.05). Osteoporotic women had lower waist circumference and waist to hip ratio and higher HDL than women without osteoporosis. On the other hand, women with metabolic syndrome did not have significant differences than women without metabolic syndrome in terms of lumbar and femoral neck density (P>0.05). ConclusionResults from this study showed that metabolic syndrome and its components did not induce bone mass loss. The discrepancies of the studies in this area call for more large scale studies in population so as to prevent women problems in this area.

Effect of Fish Consumption on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amaç; balık tüketimi sıklığı ile osteoporoz (OP) arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Materyal ve metot: Bu çalışmada 45 ile 75 yaş aralığında post menapozal kadın hastaların kayıtları incelendi. Çalışma kriterleine uyan 152 post menapozal kadın hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Olgular, haftalık balık tüketim alışkanlığı 250 gram ve üzerinde olanlar Grup 1 ve balık tüketim alışkanlığı haftalık 250 gramın altında olanlar Grup 2 olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Osteoporoz tanısında yaygın olarak Dual Enerji X Ray Absorbsiyometri (DEXA) yöntemi kullanıldığından, bu çalışmada da kemik mineral içeriğini (gram:g) iki enerji X-ray absorbsiyometri (DEXA) cihazı verilerine göre sınıflandırma yapıldı. Olguların tüm vücut ve total kalça taramaları aracılığıyla KMY (g/cm2) değerleri elde edildi. KMY (tüm vücut ve total kalçadeğerleri incelendi; ancak L2-L4 esas alındı) ve T-SKOR ise L2-L4 değerlerine göre klinik tanılar; osteoporoz, osteopeni ve normal olarak sınıflandırıldıBulgular: Olguların 45’i (%29,60) Grup 1’de, 107’sinin ise (%70,40) Grup 2’de yer alandığı tespit edildi. Grup 1’deki olguların %19,73 (n:30) ve Grup 2’deki olguların %1,97 (n:3) KMY normal değerlerde tespit edildi. Bu değer balık tüketim alışkanlığı olmayan gruba göre karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak (p&amp;lt;0,05) anlamlı olarak bulundu. Osteoporoz tespit edilen olgular Grup 1’de %10,20 (n:5) ve Grup 2’de ise %89,79 (n:44), osteopeni Grup 1’deki olguların %14,28 (n:10) ve Grup 2’deki olguların %85,72’sinde (n:60) tespit edilmiştir. Bu değerler arasında fark olmakla birlikte balık tüketim alışkanlığı olmayan gruba göre karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p&amp;gt;0,05) değildi. Ancak balık tüketim alışkanlığı olan Grup 1’deki sadece beş olguda osteoporoz ile uyumlu olduğu görüldü. Elde edilen değerler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı (p&amp;lt;0,05) olduğu tespit edildi.Sonuç: Bu çalışma verilerine göre; menopoz sonrası dönemdeki kadınlarda haftalık balık tüketiminin 250 gram ve üzerinde olan olgularda KMY üzerine olumlu etki yaptığı ve oteoporoz riskini azalttığı tespit edildi.

Association of coronary artery calcium with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Atherosclerosis and osteoporosis (OP) are common diseases in elderly individuals and may share common pathogenetic mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) in postmenopausal women. In this cross-sectional study, 186 postmenopausal women 50-80 years of age were included. BMD of the spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was measured by multidetector computed tomography. The study included postmenopausal women aged 65.6±7.3 years, 109 of whom (58.6%) showed CAC. Thirty-three (17.7%) of the patients were found to have OP in the lumbar spine and 83 (44.6%) had osteopenia, whereas in the femoral neck, 26 patients (14.0%) had OP and 87 patients (46.8%) had osteopenia. The mean CACS was 57.6±108.3 in normal status, 89.7±143.5 in OP, and 156.4±256.9 in osteopenia at the spine (P<0.05). The mean CACS was 43.2±89.9 in normal status, 126.9±180.3 in OP, and 198.2±301.2 in osteopenia at the femoral neck (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that BMD was an independent marker for an increased risk of developing CAC in postmenopausal women. The multiple regression model showed that T-scores were the independent predictors of CACS. BMD identified on images from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were strongly related to multidetector computed tomography measures of CAC. This low-cost, minimal radiation technique used widely for OP screening is a promising marker of generalized coronary atherosclerosis.

Levels of serum estradiol and lifestyle factors related with bone mineral density in premenopausal Mexican women: a cross-sectional analysis.

BackgroundMany factors, such as heredity, ethnicity, nutrition and other lifestyle factors, have been related to bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Additionally, bone mass has been significantly associated with decreased estrogen levels. However, fewstudies have been conducted on premenopausal women. The present study was designed to estimate the relationship between low bone mineral density and levels of serum estradiol and lifestyle factors in premenopausal Mexican women.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 270 women between 40 and 48 years of age who participate in the Health Workers Cohort Study. Information on socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Body mass index and serum estradiol were measured with standard procedures; bone mineral density was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were computed to evaluate the relationship between low bone mineral density and levels of serum estradiol and lifestyle factors.ResultsIn linear regression analysis levels of estradiol, body mass index, physical activity, and vitamin D intake were positively related to bone mineral density. Age, cigarette smoking and caffeine were inversely associated with BMD. Finally, the odds of low bone mineral density increase significantly when the premenopausal women had low levels of serum estradiol (OR = 4.93, 95 % CI: 2.14, 11.37).ConclusionThese data support that low serum estradiol, advancing age, lower physical activity, lower vitamin D intake, cigarette smoking, and higher amount of caffeine intake are linked to low bone mineral density in premenopausal Mexican women.

The Relationship of Knowledge of Osteoporosis and Bone Health in Postmenopausal Women in Silesia Osteo Active Study

The Silesia Osteo Active Study was designed to assess osteoporosis-related knowledge and its relationships with skeletal status in an epidemiological population-based program. Participants were chosen randomly from postmenopausal women over 55 yr. The study group consisted of 388 patients (mean age 65 ± 7). All participants fulfilled medical and socioeconomic questionnaires and test concerning osteoporosis-related knowledge. They underwent proximal femur and lumbar spine densitometry. The mean level of osteoporosis knowledge was 7.3 ± 2.0 for 10 questions. Osteoporosis knowledge seems to have no influence on densitometry results in the population; nevertheless it improves femoral neck (FN) density in those without prior personal experience of osteoporosis (r = 0.15; p < 0.05). Higher knowledge of osteoporosis was connected with osteoporosis in family, hormone replacement therapy or smoking history, and higher educational degree. The level of knowledge was significantly better in younger than in older participants (7.4 vs 6.7; p < 0.01). Osteoporosis (T-score < −2.5) was established in 6.4%, 2%, and 33% for FN, total hip, and spine, respectively. As a conclusion, current study revealed a positive influence of the knowledge of osteoporosis on FN density in postmenopausal women without prior personal experience of the disease.

Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women of different age groups with type 2 diabetes

The aim – assessment of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women of different age groups with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), depending on the duration of T2DM and type of anti diabetic therapy.Materials and methods. Bone mineral density (BMD) was studied in 38 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes (mean age – (64,36±1,95) years, mean duration of diabetes – (10,68±1,88) years, mean glycated hemoglobin level of 9,02±0,29 (%)). In the control group 27 healthy postmenopausal women (mean age – (59,62±2,59) years were examined. Bone mineral density was assessed by Dual-energy X-ray Absorbtiometry (DEXA).Results and discussion. It was revealed that in the group of women with type 2 diabetes with increase in age the proportion of women with osteopenic syndrome only in the L1–L4 region of the spine increased (age ≤60 years – 30,8±12,8 (%) v/s age &gt;60 years – 48,0±9,9 (%), P&lt;0,001). It is shown that with duration of diabetes more than 10 years there is a significant increase in the proportion of women with osteopenic syndrome at the level of the femur (the duration ≤10 years – 33,3±10,5 (%) vs duration &gt;10 years – 50,0±12,5 (%), P&lt;0,01). We found a significant increase in osteopenic syndrome at the level of the femur in women which received insulin therapy as compared with women treated with oral anti diabetic medication (OHA) (insulin therapy – 66,7±5,7 (%) vs OHA – 55,5±10,8 (%), P&lt;0,05). It shows the necessity of further in-depth studies to determine the effect of diabetes on bone mineral density while treating with modern anti diabetic drugs.Conclusions. In postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes and aged ≤60 years and duration of diabetes &gt; 10 years the lowest value of bone mineral density was at the hip level. OHA are recommended to improve femur bone mineral density and to reduce the fragility of the lumbar vertebrae – insulin or OHA are recommended.

Association of lipid profile with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women in Yazd province

Low bone mass is a major health problem in postmenopausal women. There is no general agreement regarding relationship between serum level of lipids and bone mineral density. This study was carried out to investigate the association between lipid profile and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women in Yazd, Iran. This cross-sectional study was performed on 170 women aged between 50 and 70 years old with menopause for at least one year from Yazd, Iran, between March 2013 to September 2013. Association of lipid profile and BMD were measured in all study participants. Among our participants 73 cases had lumbar osteoporosis, 17 cases had femoral osteoporosis and 80 cases did n't have osteoporosis. After controlling for body mass index, there were no correlations between serum level of lipids and bone mineral density of femur and lumbar bones. No significant association between serum level of lipids and BMD of femur and lumbar was found in postmenopausal women.

Association between circulatory levels of adipokines and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Epidemiological evidence indicates that excess fat may be beneficial for bone health, offering protective effects against the onset of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Experimental data suggest that this link might be due to the direct effect of adipokines on bone tissue. Confirmatory evidence of this association, however, remains limited. The levels of a panel of selected adipokines including interleukin (IL)-6, -8, -1β, adipsin, lipocalin-2/neutrophil gelatinase-associated ipocalin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, hepatocyte growth factor, resistin, leptin, and adiponectin in a group of osteopenic and osteoporotic postmenopausal women were compared with those of unaffected women (n = 127). Univariate analysis revealed that leptin and adiponectin were significantly correlated with bone mineral density (BMD). In particular, leptin was positively associated with BMD of the spine (r = 0.22, P < 0.05), femoral neck (r = 0.23, P < 0.05), trochanter (r = 0.20, P < 0.05), and total hip (r = 0.27, P < 0.01), whereas adiponectin was inversely correlated with BMD at the trochanter (r = -0.21, P < 0.05). No correlations were, however, significant after adjusting for body fat variables. Stratification of the sample according to IL-6 levels revealed that adiponectin remained significantly inversely associated with BMD, regardless of fat levels and age (β=-0.29, P < 0.05; r = 0.198) in the subgroup of participants with low levels of IL-6. Our data suggest that circulating adiponectin is inversely associated with markers of bone health in postmenopausal women, and that the interaction is influenced by IL-6 levels.

Analysis of total calorie, calcium and protein intake and relationship with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Abstract Introduction: the adequate intake of nutrients involved in bone metabolism can prevent and even reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Objective: verify the intake of total calories, protein and calcium in women diagnosed with osteopenia and osteoporosis after menopause. Method: a study of 25 women diagnosed with osteopenia (n=17) or osteoporosis (n=8) in the postmenopausal period, who were members of the Prática de Exercícios Físicos na Osteoporose (Practice of Physical Exercise Against Osteoporosis) (PEFO) study group of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (the Federal Technology University of Paraná) (UTFPR). The study was divided into two data collection phases: assessment of body composition and bone mineral density by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and the recording of food consumption over the previous 72 hours by means of a structured interview. Results: there was a difference between the reference values and the average values found for caloric, protein and calcium intake. There were higher values for protein, while calcium intake was low. The osteoporosis group (mean 59.24+80.07, p&lt;0.05) ingested significantly more protein than the osteopenia group (mean 15.14+16.53, p&lt;0.05). The results showed a significant negative correlation between protein intake and hip BMD (r=-0.416, p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: adequate intake of protein should be recognized as a protective factor for osteoporosis and considered by nutritionists, as well as being widely featured in public health campaigns.

The levels of bone turnover markers 25(OH)D and PTH and their relationship with bone mineral density in postmenopausal women in a suburban district in China

The aims of this study were to evaluate the levels of bone turnover markers (BTMs), including serum N-terminal procollagen of type I collagen (P1NP), beta C-terminal cross-linked of type I collagen (β-CTX), 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and parathyroid hormone (PTH), and to investigate relationships between these markers and bone mineral density (BMD) as well the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women of suburban district. A population of 4822 postmenopausal women aged 55-69years old (62.22 ± 6.75) from the suburban district was recruited voluntarily. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and total hip using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; 2251 women in this group had the serum BTMs 25(OH)D and PTH tested. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 25.03% at lumbar spine and 6.23% at femoral neck. The median (interquartile range) values of serum P1NP, β-CTX, 25(OH)D, and PTH were 59.3ng/mL (44.7-75.52), 0.370ng/mL (0.280-0.490), 23.0ng/mL (17.1-30.5), and 31.4pg/mL (24.9-39.7), respectively. Serum P1NP and β-CTX levels presented significantly negative correlations with BMDs at the all the sites (Betastd = -0.098 to -0.208, respectively, P < 0.001), whereas PTH levels were negatively correlated with BMDs of the femoral neck and total hip (Betastd = -0.062 and -0.054, P < 0.01, respectively). Serum 25(OH)D had positive associations with BMDs at total hip (Betastd = 0.051, P < 0.01). The BMD of postmenopausal women in China suburban area is higher than that in downtown area, and over 60% of the participants had their serum 25(OH)D level over 20ng/mL. BTMs were negatively correlated with BMDs, suggesting that BTMs are reliable factors for early declines in BMD.

Effect of Epidural Steroid Injection on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women According to Antiosteoporotic Medication Use

Background: No studies to date have compared bone mineral density (BMD) changes after epidural steroid injection (ESI) between postmenopausal patients taking antiosteoporotic medication and those who are not. Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between ESI and BMD changes in postmenopausal patients according to antiosteoporotic medication use. Study Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine at Asan Medical Center, Korea. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed postmenopausal women who underwent ESI using dexamethasone. All women had received a diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis and their BMD had been measured before and after treatment. BMD was evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, and total femur, and was recorded as absolute g/cm2 and T-scores. A total of 126 patients were included in the final analysis. ESI patients were grouped as follows: group 1 (n = 74) ESI patients who took antiosteoporotic medication; group 2 (n = 52) ESI patients who did not take antiosteoporotic medication. Results: In group 1, there were no significant differences between baseline and post-treatment BMD absolute values (g/cm2) in the lumbar spine, femoral neck, femoral trochanter, and total femur. In group 2, significant changes in the post-treatment BMD absolute values (g/cm2) from baseline were observed in the femoral neck (–1.48 ± 3.84%), femoral trochanter (–2.80 ± 7.50%), and total femur (–2.23 ± 4.52%), but not in the lumbar spine (–2.23 ± 4.52%). Limitations: This study contained a small sample size, no control group, and no long-term follow-up of the BMD changes after ESI. Conclusions: Our data provide new evidence indicating that ESI causes BMD changes in postmenopausal women who do not take antiosteoporotic medication. Thus, we recommend that prophylactic antiosteoporotic treatment be considered for postmenopausal women who require ESI treatment. Keywords: Glucocorticoid, osteoporosis, bone mineral density, epidural steroid injection, antiosteoporotic medication, postmenopausal women, dexamethasone

Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with high levels of parathyroid hormone

Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with high levels of parathyroid hormone

Serum myostatin in central south Chinese postmenopausal women: Relationship with body composition, lipids and bone mineral density

ABSTRACTAims: Previous data suggest that myostatin has direct effects on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. The relationships between serum myostatin, body composition lipids and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women remain unclear. The aim of this study is to elucidate the relationships between serum myostatin, body composition, lipids and bone mineral density in central south Chinese postmenopausal women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 175 healthy postmenopausal women, aged 51–75 years old. Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were measured by double energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum myostatin, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(25OH-D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In contrast to the osteoporotic women, the women without osteoporosis had higher BMI, fat mass and lean mass (P<0.01). The osteoporotic women were older than women without osteoporosis (P<0.01). There were no differences between two groups with regard to serum BAP, CTX, (25OH-D), PTH, lipids and myostatin after adjusted by age. BMD at each site was positively correlated with age at menopause, fat mass and lean mass, and also negatively correlated with age and serum BAP. Serum myostatin was positively correlated with tryglicerides, not correlated with either body composition or BMD at each site. Conclusions: Our data indicated that serum myostatin concentration did not correlate with muscle and bone mass. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the role of myostatin in regulating the bone metabolism.