Indonesia has made substantial progress in reducing maternal mortality, with the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) declining from 446 per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 305 per 100,000 live births in 2015 [1]. Nevertheless, further improvements in the quality of maternal healthcare are needed. This study sought to investigate the experiences of Balinese mothers and their perceptions regarding care during pregnancy and childbirth. We used a qualitative descriptive study design with in-depth semi-structured interviews to explore experiences of Balinese mothers and their perceptions of the perinatal care they received during pregnancy and childbirth. Nineteen Balinese women who had given birth in Bali were recruited for the study. Data were collected from August 2017 to January 2018 in Badung Regency, Gianyar Regency, Karangasem Regency and Denpasar City in Bali Province and were analysed using the qualitative content analysis method. The analysis revealed one core category, "Mothers' preferences and aspirations for childbirth," and four major categories that characterize Balinese mothers' experiences. The core category highlighted the importance of acknowledging women's wishes in shaping positive birth experiences; mothers felt supported and confident when respected. The four major categories were: desire for a convenient and comfortable birth environment, support from community midwives, dissatisfaction with hospital care, and the stages leading to childbirth. Balinese women typically choose hospitals for delivery due to the availability of superior facilities, yet they frequently reported dissatisfaction with the attitudes and communication of health professionals. Furthermore, a significant lack of maternal knowledge and empowerment was observed, with many women tending to passively accept medical recommendations. Although mothers preferred hospitals for safety, many reported dissatisfaction with poor communication and negative attitudes from health professionals. Strengthening respectful communication, supporting shared decision-making, and expanding midwife-led, culturally sensitive care may enhance maternal satisfaction and birth experiences.

Poor sleep quality is a common health problem among adolescents, and smoking is known to worsen sleep quality. Nicotine, as a stimulant, can disrupt sleep patterns, prolong sleep latency, and reduce sleep efficiency. Denpasar City has a relatively high prevalence of adolescent smokers; however, data regarding the sleep quality of active adolescent smokers remain limited. This study aimed to describe the sleep quality of active adolescent smokers in Denpasar City. This study employed a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The results showed that most respondents were male (80.3%), all were late adolescents aged 18–24 years (100%), and the most commonly used type of cigarette was electronic cigarettes (47%). More than half of the respondents had poor sleep quality (56.1%). In conclusion, the majority of active adolescent smokers in Denpasar City are male late adolescents, with electronic cigarettes being the most commonly consumed tobacco product. Most respondents demonstrated poor sleep quality. These findings highlight the impact of smoking on adolescent sleep quality and may support promotive and preventive efforts to improve adolescent sleep health in Denpasar City.

This community service initiative is designed to accelerate the establishment and strengthening of Merah Putih Village/Sub-district Cooperatives (KDKMP) through mentoring activities carried out by Business Assistants (BA). The program was conducted in Denpasar City, Bali, from October 2025 to May 2026, and was implemented in two phases: October–December 2025 (Phase 1) and March–May 2026 (Phase 2). The approach involved intensive mentoring, capacity-building training, facilitation in developing business plans, as well as support in fulfilling legal requirements and improving access to financing. The findings reveal that the involvement of Business Assistants has a positive impact on enhancing the managerial capabilities of cooperative administrators, improving the quality of business plans to become more feasible and bankable, and strengthening the cooperatives’ readiness to engage with financial institutions. Nevertheless, several challenges persist, including limited human resource capacity, suboptimal utilization of the cooperative information system (SIMKOPDES), and insufficient coordination among stakeholders. To address these issues, several strategic measures have been undertaken, such as continuous capacity development programs, strengthening the role of Business Assistants, expanding access to financial resources, and fostering stronger collaboration among stakeholders. Through a more integrated approach, this program is expected to support the development of KDKMP into independent, competitive, and sustainable cooperatives

This study investigates the role of brand love as a mediator in the relationship between brand experience, brand image, and brand institutionalization among Adidas Sports Shoes consumers in Denpasar City. The concept of brand love is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in building customer loyalty, as it establishes a deep emotional connection between consumers and brands. This study uses a survey approach, collecting data from 200 Adidas Sports Shoes consumers in Denpasar City. The results show that brand experience and brand image have a significant positive impact on brand institutionalization, and brand love plays a mediator in this relationship. Specifically, the results show that brand experience influences brand image, which then influences brand love, and ultimately influences higher brand institutionalization. This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the critical role of brand love in connecting brand experience and brand institutionalization, as well as providing incidents for marketers to develop effective strategies to build brand love among their customers.

Assessment on Ecological Benefit of Bajra Sandhi as Urban Green Open Space in Denpasar City, Indonesia

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze electric coffee cart innovation in Bali as a micro-enterprise model that integrated mobility, operational efficiency, and social media-based marketing within the context of increasing price sensitivity and shifting consumer behavior. Research methods: The research adopted a qualitative descriptive approach using a comparative case study in Denpasar City and Gianyar Regency. It relied on secondary data derived from media reports, digital content, and a synthesis of domestic mobile coffee studies alongside recent international literature on food trucks, street food consumption, and electric micromobility. Results and discussion: The findings identified six key drivers of purchase decisions, perceived price fairness resulting from lower cost structures, location-based convenience, product quality and menu variety comparable to coffee shops, eco-friendly innovation image, digital exposure through TikTok and Instagram, and operational consistency supported by centralized production systems. Implication: The study contributed by proposing a Stimulus–Organism–Response framework that integrated technological innovation, consumer perception, and competitive dynamics, offering managerial insights and policy implications for MSMEs in tourism-driven public spaces.

This study aims to identify the potential of Pura Mengening in Saraseda Village, Tampaksiring District, Gianyar Regency as a spiritual tourism destination based on the 4A components. This research is qualitative descriptive research using data collection methods through observation and interviews related to the 4A components. The data were analyzed descriptively, with the research subjects being the Head of Saraseda Village, the Traditional Village Chief of Saraseda, and the managers of the Pura Mengening tourism destination. The research object is the perception or experience of tourists visiting Pura Mengening. The results of the study indicate that Pura Mengening has strong potential as a spiritual tourism destination based on the four main components (4A): attraction, access, amenities, and ancillary services. The attraction includes the natural beauty of the area with cool air, the sanctity of the temple that is still well-preserved, and the spiritual experience felt by tourists after undergoing the melukat ritual. Access is considered good with roads that are easily reachable, although some points still need improvement, and the travel time from Denpasar city is only 1 hour and 30 minutes. Available amenities include supporting facilities such as toilets, changing rooms, parking areas, and signboards. Ancillary services include the active role of the community and tour guides in maintaining the sanctity of the temple while assisting tourists in the melukat procession. In conclusion, Pura Mengening has great potential to be developed as a sustainable spiritual tourism destination that reflects the harmony of Tri Hita Karana, which is the balance of the relationship between humans, nature, and God.

This study aims to analyze the effect of Content Marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM) on Impulsive Buying behavior of TikTok Shop users among students in Denpasar City, with Brand Trust as a mediating variable. This research employs a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 180 respondents who are TikTok Shop users. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, in which respondents are selected based on specific criteria, such as having made purchases through TikTok Shop. The data analysis technique used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) with the assistance of SmartPLS version 4.0 software. The results show that Content Marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM) have a positive and significant effect on Impulsive Buying as well as Brand Trust. Furthermore, Brand Trust has a positive and significant effect on Impulsive Buying. The mediation test results indicate that Brand Trust partially mediates the effect of Content Marketing and Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM) on Impulsive Buying. These findings confirm that digital marketing strategies through engaging content and positive consumer reviews can enhance Brand Trust, which ultimately encourages Impulsive Buying behavior. Therefore, business practitioners are advised to improve the quality of marketing content and effectively manage consumer reviews to strengthen Brand Trust and increase consumer purchasing behavior on TikTok Shop.

The development of the times, marked by the emergence of various new technologies, has brought significant changes to movement patterns. These changes need to be utilized positively, especially for young people in the process of self-development. The Denpasar Branch of the Indonesian Hindu Dharma Student Association (PC KMHDI), as part of a student organization, has created the Denpasar Creative Awards (DCA) program as a means of integrating youth creativity through a short video competition. After running for three periods, there has never been a concrete reflection that discusses the essence and benefits of the program in depth. Based on this problem, this study aims to analyze three issues related to the essence, challenges, and implications of the program for the development of 21st-century skills. This study uses a qualitative type with a naturalistic approach. Primary research data was obtained through observation and interviews, and reinforced by secondary data obtained through literature studies and documentation. The data was then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman approach systematically. The results of the study show empirical findings that the DCA program in the form of a creative short video competition has been able to foster a competitive and collaborative spirit. In terms of implementation, there were several challenges in terms of the organizing committee, participation, and funding. The conclusion of this program is that it has positive implications for developing critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity skills among young people in the city of Denpasar.

This study analyzes the influence of parental communication styles on adolescent emotional openness, specifically in Denpasar City, an urban environment often limiting emotional expression. Employing a quantitative approach with a survey method, research instruments were tested for validity and reliability before being administered to 40 adolescent respondents. Data was collected online and analyzed using PLS-SEM. The study's findings significantly indicate that parental communication styles have a positive and strong impact on adolescent emotional openness. Open, empathetic, and supportive parental communication was found to explain 61.9% of the variation in adolescent emotional openness, with a statistically significant path coefficient of 0.787. These findings underscore that family communication is a crucial foundation for building a sense of security, trust, and emotional closeness, which encourages adolescents to express emotions healthily. Amidst modern pressures (academic, social dynamics, social media influence, urbanization), the family remains a primary safeguard for adolescent emotional health. This research offers significant theoretical and practical contributions to the field of family communication and serves as a vital reference for stakeholders in continuously supporting adolescent emotional well-being.

Background: The incidence of anemia among adolescent girls in Denpasar City was 45.9% and relatively high. Existing interventions were not optimal in reducing the incidence of anemia in adolescents. Increasing knowledge to increase self-awareness in adolescents can be done through empowering peer counselors by implementing the Structured Education Peer Counselor Program Objectives: to analyze the influence of Structured Education Peer Counselors on adolescent self-awareness in preventing anemia. Results: The research results showed that there was an influence of the Structured Education Peer Counselor Program on increasing teenagers' self-awareness to prevent anemia (p <0.001). Conclusion: This program was able to increase adolescent self-awareness in preventing anemia and can become input in developing appropriate educational programs for adolescents.

The purpose of the study is to empirically test the effect of transparancy, accountability, responsibility, independency, fairness, transformational leadership, and Tri Hita Karana culture on profitability. The population used is LPDs in Denpasar city. Sampling was done by using saturation sampling methods. The data collection was done by survey method by distribution of questionnaires adn LPDs finansial reports. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis. The result showes that transparency, accountability, responsibility, independency, fairness, and Tri Hita Karana culture have a positive effect on profitability LPDs. Meanwhile, transformational leadership has no effect on profitability.

This study examines the effects of risk-based internal auditing (RBIA) and internal auditor competence on internal audit effectiveness, as well as the moderating role of organizational culture in the public sector. Despite extensive research on internal audit effectiveness in the public sector, prior studies report inconsistent findings regarding the role of technical factors and organizational context, particularly the moderating effect of organizational culture in highly regulated environments. This study adopted a quantitative approach using a survey method with a saturated sampling technique, involving 59 internal supervisory officials at the Regional Inspectorate of Denpasar City. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with an interaction-based moderation model through SmartPLS to examine both direct and moderating relationships among variables. The results revealed that RBIA and internal auditor competence positively and significantly affect internal audit effectiveness. However, organizational culture does not significantly moderate these relationships, indicating that technical and professional factors operate independently of organizational context. This study extends the public sector auditing literature by providing empirical evidence on the limited role of organizational culture as a moderating variable in highly regulated environments and by reinforcing the relevance of stewardship theory in explaining internal audit effectiveness. Practically, the findings suggest that public sector internal audit institutions should prioritize strengthening RBIA implementation and enhancing auditor competence to improve audit effectiveness.

Objective: Midwifery care today integrates both conventional and complementary services in midwifery practice. Complementary therapy in midwifery services serves as an alternative option for pregnant women, women in labor, postpartum mothers, infants, and toddlers to reduce medical interventions or pharmacological therapy. This study aims to examine the implementation of complementary therapy services in midwifery at Independent Midwife Practices (IMPs) in Denpasar City, Bali. Methods: This study employs a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population of this study consists of midwives who conduct independent midwifery practices, with a sample size of 84 independent midwifery practices. The statistical test used was the chi-square test, with a significance level of ρ < 0.05. Results: The study results indicate that nearly half 37 respondents (44.05%) have implemented complementary therapy in their Independent Midwife Practices (IMPs). The most frequently attended training among midwives was Baby Treatment (38.10%). The most commonly provided complementary services were Infant Massage (26.72%), Oxytocin Massage (19.85%), and Lactation Massage (17.56%). Bivariate analysis showed that educational background and training history were associated with the implementation of complementary therapy services in IMPs. Conclusion: Midwives are encouraged to pursue higher education and training related to maternal and child health services to enhance the range of services available in their independent practices.

In accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Women’s Empowerment and Child Protection Number 4 of 2018 concerning Guidelines for the Establishment of Regional Technical Implementation Units for the Protection of Women and Children, subsequently operationalized at the local level through the Regulation of the Mayor of Denpasar Number 25 of 2018, the Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) is entrusted with the statutory duty to provide protection services and to administer the handling and resolution of cases involving violence against women and children. Nevertheless, despite the institutional establishment of the UPTD PPA, the number of violence cases remains relatively high, and many incidents are still unreported, resulting in victims not receiving proper protection and follow-up handling. This condition diverges from the principal objective underlying the establishment of the UPTD PPA, which is intended to prevent, mitigate, and address acts of discrimination and violence against women and children. Accordingly, this study adopts an empirical legal research method employing a juridical, empirical approach to examine legal provisions in conjunction with their implementation in societal practice. The study findings indicate that the implementation of the UPTD PPA’s role has not yet operated effectively, primarily due to the complexity of violence cases that require coordination among various institutions with different authorities and functional responsibilities, thereby affecting the optimal delivery of protection and case-handling services.

The rapid growth of the beauty industry in Indonesia has intensified competition among local skincare brands, encouraging companies to strengthen marketing strategies that align with the digital behavior of Generation Z consumers. This study aims to analyze the influence of brand image, brand trust, and electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on purchasing decisions of local skincare product Emina, with online influencer marketing as a mediating variable among Generation Z consumers in Denpasar City. This research employed a quantitative approach using data collected from 220 respondents selected through purposive sampling, consisting of Generation Z consumers who actively use social media and have purchased Emina products more than twice. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to examine both direct and indirect relationships among variables. The results indicate that brand image, brand trust, electronic word of mouth, and online influencer marketing have positive and significant effects on purchasing decisions. Furthermore, online influencer marketing was proven to partially mediate the relationship between brand image, brand trust, and e-WOM toward purchasing decisions. The findings highlight the strategic role of influencers in strengthening consumer perceptions and trust, ultimately enhancing purchase decisions among digitally active Gen Z consumers. This study contributes theoretically to digital marketing and consumer behavior literature while providing practical implications for local skincare companies in designing effective social media based marketing strategies.

Investment is a crucial financial instrument for long-term financial planning, especially for students as the younger generation who will face various economic challenges in the future. A lack of understanding and awareness regarding investment can impact student engagement in capital market activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of investment knowledge, financial literacy, and investment motivation on investment interest in the capital market among students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Warmadewa University in Denpasar City, Bali Province. The sample consisted of 100 students selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 27. The results showed that investment knowledge, financial literacy, and investment motivation simultaneously had a significant positive effect on students' investment interest in the capital market. Investment knowledge, financial literacy, and investment motivation also partially had a positive and significant effect on students' investment interest in the capital market.

Abstract Quality standards require a balance between the demand for clean water and good water quality. The purpose of this study is to delineate the quality of shallow well water in Denpasar City. Using a portable water quality parameter measuring instrument and laboratory tests, data were collected in the field by observing and evaluating the quality of shallow well water. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) method was utilised to assess the current state of water quality requirements. Based on the specifications established by PERMENKES RI No. 32/2017, this study’s output is the creation of a groundwater quality map for shallow wells in Denpasar (TDS, PH, EC, Salinity, BOD, COD parameters). The characteristics evaluated allowed for the determination of the shallow well water quality value in Denpasar City. Using the kriging method and a geographic information system analysis, the water quality test data were identified to produce the following results: TDS = 426,5 mg/L, pH = 7,24, EC = 854,5 µS/cm, salinity = 0,036 mg/L, BOD = 3,513 mg/L, and COD = 8,897 mg/L. According to the CCME WOI method’s computation, which yielded a value of 57,99, Denpasar City’s groundwater falls into the medium water category, is frequently polluted, and frequently deviates from quality norms.

Denpasar City has experienced many changes in the use of public transportation. In the previous year 18 active routes operating, while currently there are only 5 active routes. Therefore, an analysis of the performance of transportation, route network plans, and operational systems of the transportation is needed. Primary data was obtained from headway surveys, interview surveys, and on-board surveys. Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) calculations, route network planning, and operational systems used the Department of Transportation method. The results of the analysis showed that almost all routes did not meet the standards of both operational performance and service quality. In this study, 6 routes were planned centered on the east parking lot of Renon field. The results of the new route planning are: Renon-Penatih with a route length of 18.7 km, a circulation time of 61.5 minutes and a total of 13 vehicles; Renon-Ubung with a route length of 22 km, a circulation time of 69.8 minutes and a total of 46 vehicles; Renon-Sanur with a route length of 14.3 km, a circulation time of 45.6 minutes and a total of 3 vehicles.

Abstract The research design is quantitative. The population of Type 36/90 houses is 139, with a sample size of 20 houses and 3 rooms (Bedroom, Family Room, and Kitchen). Independent variable data, namely: air circulation, lighting, humidity, and safety, were measured using anemometers, lux meters, hygro meters, and building structure standards. Meanwhile, the dependent variable data, namely occupant comfort, uses a formula for the objective comfort index. The results of the study show that ergonomic intervention through the improvement of ventilation and windows of type 36/90 houses increases objective comfort, supported by the subjective comfort of its occupants in all directions of the orientation of the building, both North, South, East, and West. In addition, ergonomic interventions through ventilation and window repair in type 36/90 homes can save on electricity costs. The application of ergonomics should be carried out starting from the planning, implementation, and development of 36/90 type houses, so that the price is cheaper, the occupants are healthier, and comfortable. In addition, the design of the window opening shape is better to use side openings than openings from below.