Degree Of Elevation Research Articles

Efficacy and safety of embolization for arteriovenous malformations of the basal ganglia and thalamus via the transarterial approach.

BackgroundTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety profile of transarterial embolization in the treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) within the basal ganglia and thalamus.MethodsA retrospective clinical study was performed on 22 patients with bAVMs localized within the basal ganglia and thalamus who were treated with transarterial embolization (December 2012 and January 2019) in our center. The bAVMs were embolized via the transarterial approach with Onyx or Glubran according to the anatomical structure. A detachable or undetachable microcatheter was used in the procedure according to the length of the feeding artery. The data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsAmong the 22 patients, 9 bAVMs were located in the basal ganglia and 13 were located in the thalamus. Twenty patients presented with hemorrhage (90.9%), leaving 2 patients (9.1%) who had no symptoms. According to the Spetzler-Martin grading classification, 13 bAVMs (59.1%) were grade 3, 7 (31.8%) were grade 4, and 2 (9.1%) were grade 5. Procedure-related complications occurred in only 1 patient (4.5%). No deaths related to the operation occurred. All patients achieved anatomic stabilization and no bleeding was observed in the follow-up.ConclusionsSelective embolization via the transarterial approach is safe and effective for bAVMs originating within the basal ganglia and thalamus. Our results demonstrate a low rate of complications and an elevated degree of anatomical disruption in the endovascular treatment of bAVMs stemming from the basal ganglia and thalamus.

Association between Abnormal Gait Patterns and an Elevated Degree of Pain after Daily Walking: A Preliminary Study.

This study aimed to investigate whether abnormal gait patterns are associated with experiencing an elevated degree of pain after daily walking. In this preliminary, cross-sectional study, 223 community-dwelling older adults were assessed for pain experienced after daily walking using a simple question that involved asking the subject about their past experiences of an elevated degree of pain after walking for 400 m or more. Gait patterns were assessed using the Comprehensive Gait Assessment using InerTial Sensor score (C-GAITS score), derived from the data measured by Inertial sensors attached to the lower trunk and heel when subjects walked along a 15 m walkway at a self-selected preferred speed. The score was the sum of 10 gait parameter scores. The lower scores indicated more and worse abnormal gait patterns. In total, 24 older adults (10.8%) reported that they experienced pain after daily walking. According to the multiple logistic regression analyses, older adults with a lower total C-GAITS score had a significantly greater probability of having past experiences of pain after walking (odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = 1.03–1.20). The findings of this study suggest that more and worse abnormal gait patterns among older adults in a clinical walking test are associated with an elevated degree of pain after daily walking.

Impact of a Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Program within Organized Cervical Cancer Screening: Cohort Study.

We assessed the effectiveness of an HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccination program in lowering cervical abnormality risk, and conferring herd protection. Retrospective cohort study using linked screening and vaccination administrative health data of the general population of Ancona Province, Italy. We included all female residents born in 1990-1993, eligible for catch-up HPV vaccination up to age 25 years, and adhering to organized screening in 2015-2020 (n = 4,665). Cervical abnormalities rates were compared between: Vaccinated and unvaccinated women, and cohorts with high and low vaccination uptake. Analyses were adjusted for age, country of birth, screening tests number, laboratory, and municipality average income. Main outcomes were ASC-US+ or LSIL+ Pap smears, and CIN1+ or CIN2+ histology. Mean screening age was 26.6±1.5 years, and 1,118 screened women (24.0%) were vaccinated (mean vaccination age 19.2±1.5 years). The diagnosed cervical abnormalities were: 107 LSIL+ (2.3%), 70 CIN1+ (1.5%), and 35 CIN2+ (0.8%). The adjusted odds ratios of LSIL+, CIN1+, and CIN2+ among vaccinated versus unvaccinated women were, respectively: 0.55 [(95% confidence interval (CI), 0.33-0.91)], 0.43 (95% CI, 0.22-0.86), and 0.31 (95% CI, 0.11-0.91). Among the unvaccinated, those in the highest-uptake (45.3%) 1993 cohort, versus the last pre-vaccination 1990 cohort, showed AORs of LSIL+ and CIN1+ of 0.23 (95% CI, 0.10-0.50), and 0.22 (95% CI, 0.07-0.69), respectively. In the first evaluation from Central Italy, catch-up HPV vaccination considerably reduced the risk of all cervical abnormalities diagnosed within organized screening, and conferred an elevated degree of herd protection among unvaccinated women. The high protection conferred by HPV vaccination suggests the need to update cervical screening.

TRPV4 mutations causing mixed neuropathy and skeletal phenotypes result in severe gain of function.

ObjectiveDistinct dominant mutations in the calcium‐permeable ion channel TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) typically cause nonoverlapping diseases of either the neuromuscular or skeletal systems. However, accumulating evidence suggests that some patients develop mixed phenotypes that include elements of both neuromuscular and skeletal disease. We sought to define the genetic and clinical features of these patients.MethodsWe report a 2‐year‐old with a novel R616G mutation in TRPV4 with a severe neuropathy phenotype and bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Interestingly, a different substitution at the same residue, R616Q, has been reported in families with isolated skeletal dysplasia. To gain insight into clinical features and potential genetic determinants of mixed phenotypes, we perform in‐depth analysis of previously reported patients along with functional and structural assessment of selected mutations.ResultsWe describe a wide range of neuromuscular and skeletal manifestations and highlight specific mutations that are more frequently associated with overlap syndromes. We find that mutations causing severe, mixed phenotypes have an earlier age of onset and result in more marked elevations of intracellular calcium, increased cytotoxicity, and reduced sensitivity to TRPV4 antagonism. Structural analysis of the two mutations with the most dramatic gain of ion channel function suggests that these mutants likely cause constitutive channel opening through disruption of the TRPV4 S5 transmembrane domain.InterpretationThese findings demonstrate that the degree of baseline calcium elevation correlates with development of mixed phenotypes and sensitivity to pharmacologic channel inhibition, observations that will be critical for the design of future clinical trials for TRPV4 channelopathies.

Change in Columellar-Philtral and Nasolabial Angles Over Time Following Rhinoplasty.

Preoperative analyses of the columellar-philtral and nasolabial angles (CPA and NLA) are important considerations for the rhinoplasty surgeon. This study aims to quantify and compare the degree of change in nasal tip rotation as measured by CPA and NLA over time following rhinoplasty and to identify surgical maneuvers or patient characteristics that may affect nasal tip rotation. Prospective analysis of CPA and NLA in 111 consecutive, consenting cosmetic, and/or functional rhinoplasty patients of the senior author over a 1-year time period was performed. Angles were analyzed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year following surgery. Subgroup analyses based on surgical maneuvers and other covariates were performed. The greatest change to CPA and NLA in the upright position was 11.8 degrees (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.8-13.7, p < 0.001) and 9.3 degrees (95% CI: 7.9-10.7, p < 0.001) of elevation 1 week after surgery, respectively. The mean CPA was not significantly different than preoperative measures 6 months after surgery; however, the NLA remained 4.94 degrees (95% CI: 2.1-8.4, p = 0.001) elevated. Females showed approximately 10 degrees more elevated CPA than males in pre- and postoperative time points; however, the NLA did not discriminate between sexes. Transfixion incisions appears to cause a significant decrease in postoperative NLA compared with patient who did not undergo transfixion incisions. Measurements for nasal tip rotation are variable and inconsistent throughout the literature. This study shows that rhinoplasty may have a greater effect on nasal tip rotation as measured by NLA and that the effects of NLA and CPA are independent, signifying that a standardized measurement for nasal tip rotation is warranted.

The Value of Echocardiography Combined with NT-pro BNP Level in Assessment and Prognosis of Diastolic Heart Failure.

Background To investigate the significance of echocardiography combined with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) levels in the evaluation and prognosis of diastolic heart failure (DHF). Methods Clinical data were collected from 168 patients with DHF. Serum levels of NT-pro BNP were first measured by ELISA. Meanwhile, the echocardiography was used to examine left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular diameter (LVD), and other parameters. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for variables in heart failure assessment grade or poor prognosis. Finally, the predictive ability for New York Heart Association (NYHA) class as well as prognosis was assessed by ROC curves. Results NT-pro BNP was the overexpression in the serum of patients with DHF. And the degree of elevation was related to NYHA class, while NT-pro BNP levels were significantly higher in the P-MACE group than in the N-MACE group. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the ratio of peak velocity of left atrial early diastolic blood flow to early diastolic peak velocity of mitral annulus (E/Ea) and serum NT-pro BNP level was risk factors for NYHA class and prognosis. However, LVEF, LVEDD, and flow propagation velocity (Vp) can be a benefit condition. In addition, ROC curve showed that echocardiography combined with NT-pro BNP content had higher accuracy in NYHA class and prognostic assessment of DHF than applied separately. Conclusions The diagnosis of echocardiography combined with NT-pro BNP levels has the potential to distinguish the NYHA class in heart function of patients with DHF and determine the prognosis of patients.

Generalized B\'{e}zier curves based on Bernstein-Stancu-Chlodowsky type operators

In this paper, we use the blending functions of Bernstein-Stancu-Chlodowsky type operators with shifted knots for construction of modified Chlodowsky B\'{e}zier curves. We study the nature of degree elevation and degree reduction for B\'{e}zier Bernstein-Stancu-Chlodowsky functions with shifted knots for $t \in [\frac{\gamma}{n+\delta},\frac{n+\gamma}{n+\delta}]$. We also present a de Casteljau algorithm to compute Bernstein B\'{e}zier curves with shifted knots. The new curves have some properties similar to B\'{e}zier curves. Furthermore, some fundamental properties for Bernstein B\'{e}zier curves are discussed. Our generalizations show more flexibility in taking the value of $\gamma$ and $\delta$ and advantage in shape control of curves. The shape parameters give more convenience for the curve modelling.

Childhood Hypertriglyceridemia: Is It Time for a New Approach?

Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is widely prevalent in youth. There is an unmet need for effective medications in the management of HTG in youth. The purpose of this review is to summarize the approach to HTG in acute and chronic settings, and highlight emerging therapies targeted at specific genes, proteins, and enzymes to selectively alter triglyceride (TG) metabolism. Genetic and lifestyle factors play a significant role in the pathophysiology of HTG. Severe elevation of TG poses a risk of acute pancreatitis, while mild-to-moderate HTG increases the risk for premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and, increasingly, has been linked with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Although a variety of therapeutic agents are in development, strict adherence to a heart healthy lifestyle, including dietary changes, remain the cornerstone of management for youth with HTG. In addition to lifestyle changes, pharmacological interventions, including fibrates, omega 3 fatty acids, and statins may be considered for management of moderate-to-severe HTG. In view of its association with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD), non-high-density-lipoprotein-C (non-HDL-C) is an important target for therapy in children with moderate HTG. Management of HTG is dependent on its etiology, concomitant symptoms, and degree of TG elevation. The last two decades have seen remarkable changes in drug development, specifically those that act through the lipoprotein lipase complex, including new targeted treatments such as inhibitors of apolipoprotein C3 and angiopoietin-like protein 3.

HGCSG1902: Multicenter, prospective, observational study for patients with dysgeusia caused by chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer.

649 Background: Dysgeusia is the one of important adverse events in patients treated with chemotherapy because it could reduce daily oral intake and worsen patient’s nutritional status. It is said that the lack of zinc is often observed in patients with chemotherapy because taste buds cells injured by chemotherapy require large amounts of zinc for their regeneration and cytotoxic agents have the possibility of working as a chelator for zinc. Some retrospective studies showed that zinc administration may improve dysgeusia in patients treated with chemotherapy, however, there is no prospective study. Therefore, we planned this study to clarify the effect of zinc therapy on dysgeusia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective observational study. From February 2020 to June 2021, patients with dysgeusia during chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer were enrolled from 17 institutes in Japan. The investigator selected one of the following treatment: no intervention (N), polaprezinc administration (P: contains 34.1mg of zinc par daily normal dose), or zinc acetate hydrate administration (Z: contains 50-100mg of zinc par daily normal dose). Serum zinc levels were measured at baseline, after 6 and 12 weeks, respectively. Dysgeusia was assessed by questionnaires according to four criteria, CTCAE v5.0, Subjective Total Taste Acuity (STTA), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Chemotherapy-induced Taste Alteration Scale (CiTAS) at the time of enrollment and after 12 weeks. Results: A total of 180 patients, 60 in each group, were enrolled in the study. The mean serum zinc levels in each group at baseline were similar (67.3, 66.6, and 67.5μg/dl in N, P, Z group, respectively) and lower than lower limit of normal. The mean alterations of serum zinc level from baseline to after 12 weeks were -3.8, +14.3, and +46.6μg/dl in N, P, Z group, respectively. The STTA score was significantly improved in the P group compared to the N group at 12 weeks (p = 0.045), whereas it was not improved in the Z group (p = 0.945). The association between the alteration values of serum zinc level and improvement of dysgeusia was not observed. Conclusions: In this study, administration of polarezinc or zinc acetate hydrate increased serum zinc levels, but there was no significant correlation between the degree of serum zinc elevation and the improvement of dysgeusia. The STTA score was improved only in P group, thus our results suggest there are any factors for improvement of dysgeusia by polaprezinc administration other than serum zinc levels. Clinical trial information: UMIN000039653.

A near-infrared fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging peroxynitrite in Parkinson's disease model

As a regular neurodegenerative disease, Parkinson's disease (PD) brings great pain and heavy economic burden to patients. Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) have attracted great attention to be a neurotoxicity specie in the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, understanding the physiological functions of ONOO- in PD disease is of great importance to the early diagnoses. Unfortunately, it still lacks effective method for detecting ONOO- in PD model. In this work, a highly sensitivity and selectivity near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe (named K-ONOO) was designed for tracking ONOO- in PD model. K-ONOO exhibited a unique ratiometric response toward ONOO- due to the fracture of the boronic acid ester group and the principle of ICT resulted in red-shifted spectra. K-ONOO exhibited a quantitative response to ONOO- (0–15 μM) with a low detection limit (212 nM). K-ONOO can successfully map the changes of endogenous ONOO- in vivo. The results demonstrated that an elevated degree of ONOO- is closely correlated with zebrafish under rotenone stimulation. More importantly, H2S may serve as a neuroprotectant, which helps regulate ONOO- overexpression and prevent oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration. The visualization imaging of ONOO- based on K-ONOO provides an auspicious method for understanding the essential role of ONOO- during PD disease pathology and early diagnosis.

Clinical Study on the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Embolization of Prostate Artery Based on Embosphere Microspheres and Gelatin Sponge Granules.

Prostatic hyperplasia can cause dysuria, such as frequent urination, urgency of urination, increased nocturia, poor urination, and other symptoms, which seriously affect the quality of life of old men. We aim to compare and analyze the safety and clinical effect of embolization of the target blood vessels of ruptured prostatic hyperplasia with gelatin sponge particles and embosphere microspheres. Methods. The transcatheter MRI was performed in 422 patients. Among them, 198 patients were treated with gelfoam particles and 224 patients were treated with embosphere microspheres. The clinical effect and adverse reactions were observed and analyzed by biochemical and imaging examination. Four hundred and twenty two cases were hemostasis. In the gelatin sponge group, 34 patients had recurrent bleeding 24–36 hours after embolization, 122 patients had different degrees of elevation of prostatic hyperplasia transaminase (31 cases increased to more than 1000 U/L), 198 patients had different degrees of elevation of bilirubin; in the microsphere group, there was no significant difference in prostatic hyperplasia function indexes between the two groups. Conclusion. Compared with the gelfoam embolic agent, the embosphere embolic microsphere has a good efficacy and safety in the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia rupture and hemorrhage, with a light adverse reaction, a low probability of recanalization, and little damage to the postoperative prostatic hyperplasia function, which is conducive to the benign recovery of perioperative patients and is worthy of clinical application.

Minimally invasive open reduction of greater tuberosity fractures by a modified suture bridge procedure.

BACKGROUNDMost greater tuberosity fractures can be treated without surgery but some have a poor prognosis. The surgical procedures for avulsion fractures of the humeral greater tuberosity include screw fixation, suture anchor fixation, and plate fixation, all of which have treatment-associated complications. To decrease surgical complications, we used a modified suture bridge procedure under direct vision and a minimally invasive small incision to fix fractures of the greater tuberosity of the humerus.AIMTo investigate the clinical efficacy and outcomes of minimally invasive modified suture bridge open reduction of greater tuberosity evulsion fractures.METHODSSixteen patients diagnosed between January 2016 and January 2019 with an avulsion-type greater tuberosity fracture of the proximal humerus and treated by minimally invasive open reduction and modified suture bridges with anchors were studied retrospectively. All were followed up by clinical examination and radiographs at 3 and 6 wk, 3, 6 and 12 mo after surgery, and thereafter every 6 mo. Outcomes were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively by a visual analog scale (VAS), the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon score (ASES), and range of motion (ROM) for shoulders.RESULTSSeven men and nine women, with an average age of 44.94 years, were evaluated. The time between injury and surgery was 1-2 d, with an average of 1.75 d. The mean operation time was 103.1 ± 7.23 min. All patients achieved bone union within 3 mo after surgery. VAS scores were significantly decreased (P = 0.002), and the mean degrees of forward elevation (P = 0.047), mean degrees of abduction (P = 0.035), ASES score (P = 0.092) were increased at 3 wk. The UCLA score was increased at 6 wk (P = 0.029) after surgery. The average degrees of external rotation and internal rotation both improved at 3 mo after surgery (P = 0.012 and P = 0.007, respectively). No procedure-related deaths or incision-related superficial or deep tissue infections occurred.CONCLUSIONModified suture bridge was effective for the treatment of greater tuberosity evulsion fractures, was easier to perform, and had fewer implants than other procedures.

Lupaş post quantum blending functions and Bézier curves over arbitrary intervals

In this paper, we extend the properties of rational Lupa?-Bernstein blending functions, Lupa?-B?zier curves and surfaces over arbitrary compact intervals [?,?] in the frame of post quantum-calculus and derive the de-Casteljau?s algorithm based on post quantum-integers. We construct a two parameter family as Lupa? post quantum Bernstein functions over arbitrary compact intervals and establish their degree elevation and reduction properties. We also discuss some fundamental properties over arbitrary intervals for these curves such as de Casteljau algorithm and degree evaluation properties. Further we construct post quantum Lupa? Bernstein operators over arbitrary compact intervals with the help of rational Lupa?- Bernstein functions. At the end some graphical representations are added to demonstrate consistency of theoretical findings.

RESULT OF BONE BLOCKING SURGERY IN COMBAT ATHLETES WITH ANTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY.

ABSTRACTObjective:This study aims to understand the way fighting athletes respond to bone block surgery in the treatment for shoulder instability.Methods:Prospective clinical study with competitive fighters with shoulder instability who underwent bone block surgery from 2013 to 2016, followed by a postoperative rehabilitation protocol. For the evaluation, eight combat athletes with anterior shoulder instability were treated, with a total of nine shoulders, since one athlete underwent bilateral surgery. All patients signed the Free and Informed Consent Form. The evaluation protocol included medical consultation, radiography of the operated shoulder, degree of active and passive lateral rotation; degree of active and passive elevation; visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain; Athletic Shoulder Outcome Rating Scale (EROE; acronym in Portuguese) scores; Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES).Results:We observed a decrease in the range of passive and active movement in the recent postoperative period. In later postoperative, values were close to those in the preoperative period at the end of the follow-up. There was improvement in pain, and in all ASES, WOSI and EROE scores no complications were documented. As for returning to sport, two athletes did not return, one of them due to shoulder pain and the other due to retirement.Conclusion:Bone block surgery has shown good functional results in uncomplicated combat athletes. Level of Evidence IV, Prospective Case Series.

CORRELATION OF LIVER FUNCTION TESTS WITH SEVERITY OF DISEASE IN CHILDREN WITH DENGUE FEVER – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Introduction: Dengue has emerged as a notable public health problem in recent decades in terms of mortality and morbidity associated with it. The clinical spectrums of dengue illness range from undifferentiated fever, self-limiting dengue fever (DF) to more severe, life-threatening forms of the illness termed dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Recent reports have demonstrated elevated hepatic transaminases or aminotransferases [Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT)] levels in dengue infection, suggesting that the liver is one of the main targets for the dengue virus. Aims And Objectives: Ÿ To evaluate the impact of Dengue fever on liver function. Ÿ To determine whether serum transaminases can be of prognostic value in dengue fever. Materials And Methods: This hospital based prospective study correlated the liver function tests with severity of disease in children with dengue fever. It was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala among 50 children with dengue fever. The liver function enzymes were estimated and correlated with the severity of dengue fever. The student ttest was used for comparing the mean values between the 2 groups whereas chi-square test was applied for comparing the frequency using the SPSS software. Results: The mean age of the study population was 13.62±3.12 years with 76.0% males and 24.0% females. The mean SGOT and SGPT was signicantly more among DSS group at baseline and follow-up. The mean SGOT was signicantly more among DSS group at baseline and followup (681.38±796.27 and 35.88±10.62 respectively) compared to DF and DHF at baseline (123.62±151.89 and 180.82±99.56 respectively) and follow-up (26.28±3.90 and 30.77±6.19 respectively). The mean SGPT was signicantly more among DSS group at baseline and follow-up (308.13±282.13 and 45.38±14.61 respectively) compared to DF and DHF at baseline (67.93±38.37 and 106.25±49.72 respectively) and follow-up (35.31±4.38 and 38.62±6.64 respectively). Conclusion: Degree of elevation of SGOT and SGPT levels can be used to predict the severity of dengue. Hence, both elevated SGOT and SGPT level can be used as an early predictor of Severe Dengue fever.

Intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm newborn: Predictors of mortality.

Background and aimIntraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. It occurs primarily in preterm newborns with an incidence of about 20% and, despite the evolution of neonatal care that allows more and better survival, continues to be a cause of morbidity and mortality in all intensive care units. Our research aimed to evaluate the independent risk factors of mortality and the relative odds ratio for each degree of IVH.MethodsIn this retrospective study were included 96 preterm infants, born between 23^ and 36^ weeks of gestational age, which developed IVH of degree two-three-four diagnosed by means of cranial ultrasound. It was made a comparison within the sample by distinguishing the group with IVH degree two from degree three and four.ResultsIVH of degree three and four was independently associated with mortality. We found a higher number of deaths in the GAs <= 26 weeks (p <0.01), which was also an independent predictor of mortality.ConclusionWith this study it was further highlighted the high mortality of patients with an elevated degree of IVH and low birth weight and early gestational age. These data, of important clinical relevance, oblige us to find new therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the serious consequences of that disease. (www.actabiomedica.it)

EVALUATION OF SCAPULAR DYSKINESIA IN PATIENTS THAT UNDERWENT A LATARJET PROCEDURE.

ABSTRACTObjective: To quantitatively assess the scapular movement of patients who underwent Latarjet surgery and to identify if they present scapular dyskinesia (SD), as well as correlate with the clinic state and the elevation degree of the shoulder.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Movement Analysis Laboratory (LAM), at the Institute of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, that quantitatively evaluated, using spherical retroreflective markers, the scapular movements of the control group (10 volunteers) and 22 patients (23 operated shoulders) that had been submitted to Latarjet surgery, between 2011 and 2016, with at least one year postoperative. The results of the control group were used as a parameter of normality and compared to those of the operated group. Posterior inclination, superior rotation, and medial rotation of the scapula were evaluated at angles of 60°, 90°, and 120° of elevation, both in ascending and descending phases. The statistical analysis used was the multivariate variance (MANOVA), comparing the right and left sides of the control group and, subsequently, the control group with the postoperative group (p = 0.05 in all tests).Results: When comparing the mean of the results of the quantitative evaluation of the control group with the operated group, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups and between the dominant and non-dominant sides of the control group. Conclusion: Latarjet surgery does not cause SD, although there are alterations in some plane of the scapular movements in the ascending and/or descending phase. Level of Evidence III, Retrospective Comparative Study.

FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ORAL-DISPERSIBLE TABLET OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG USING KYRON-T114 ION EXCHANGE RESIN AS TASTE MASKING AGENT

Introduction: It is the oral course that is still the favored course for organization of restorative specialists in light of precise measurement, minimal expense treatment, self-medicine, harmless strategy, and simplicity of organization, prompting elevated degree of patient consistency.&#x0D; Objective: The modern study aimed to formulate orodispersible tablets (ODT) using Kyron-T114 Ion Exchange Resin s.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: Lurasidone hydrochloride was a gift sample from Piramal Health Care, Ahmedabad Gujarat. Excipients such as lactose, sodium starch glycolate, microcrystalline cellulose, aspartame, menthol, magnesium stearate and aerosil were provided by Apeejay Stya University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sohna, Haryana. All chemicals were of Pharma grade.&#x0D; Results: The similarity of drug and excipients under test condition is significant and essential before formulation. The standard curve of Lurasidone hydrochloride was prepared in distilled water, Mcllvaine buffer pH 3.8 (0.025M citric acid and 0.05M di-sodium hydrogen phosphate) and methanol. The standard curve of Lurasidone hydrochloride was prepared in distilled water, Mcllvaine buffer pH 3.8 (0.025M citric acid and 0.05M di-sodium hydrogen phosphate) and methanol.&#x0D; Conclusion: Lurasidone hydrochloride was achieved successfully in our research. A compatibility study was also done, proving drug compatibility.

196 Cardiovascular magnetic resonance characterization of myocardial injury in recovered COVID-19 patients with elevated troponins during hospital stay

AimsDespite being a common finding in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, cardiac troponin elevation remains a nonspecific detection of myocardial injury and further in-hospital investigation into the cause of myocardial injury is rarely done. COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury show a significantly higher in-hospital mortality rate compared with those without myocardial injury and among those with myocardial injury, greater degrees of troponin elevation are associated with higher mortality rates. There are still many questions regarding possible cardiovascular sequelae and prognostic significance in these patients. Being able to distinguish between inflammatory and ischaemic causes of myocardial injury cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the non-invasive modality of choice to investigate myocardial involvement in these patients. Presented are the preliminary single-centre results from a multicentre study aimed to characterize the prevalence, type and extent of COVID-19-related cardiovascular sequelae using CMR imaging.Methods and resultsIn this single-centre prospective observational cohort study, patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19 and at least one value of high sensitivity I troponin (hs-Tnl) >99th percentile during hospitalization were eligible for follow-up contrast-enhanced CMR imaging. Patients with any standard CMR contraindications were excluded. Images were acquired using a standardized myocarditis protocol including late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 and T2 mapping. Cutoff values of 1015 ms and 50 ms were used for abnormal T1 and T2 measurements, respectively. Of the 21 patients (65 ± 11.85 years) who underwent imaging, 15 (71.4%) were male. The mean follow-up duration from the date of confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis was 169 ± 19 days. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 64.1 ± 13.87 and 3 (14.3%) patients had evidence of wall motion abnormalities. LGE was seen in 9/20 (45.0%) patients, reflecting myocardial fibrosis. Increased native T1 signal representing myocardial fibrosis and/or oedema was seen in 9/20 (45.0%) patients. While increased native T2 signal, being more specific for oedema was observed in 3/20 (15.0%) patients. Considering CMR findings, 6 (28.6%) patients showed evidence of previous myocarditis.ConclusionsIn this single centre Italian study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and elevated cardiac enzymes, myocarditis-like injury was evident in about a quarter of the patients. Whether these findings will lead to long-term cardiac complications is still to be confirmed.

Peroral Pancreatoscopy with Videoscopy and Narrow-Band Imaging in Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms with Dilatation of the Main Pancreatic Duct.

Background/AimsEndoscopic evaluation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) is useful in determining whether the lesions are benign or malignant. This study aimed to examine the usefulness of peroral pancreatoscopy (POPS) in determining the prognosis of IPMNs. MethodsPOPS with videoscopy was performed using the mother–baby scope technique. After surgery, computed tomography/magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or ultrasonography and blood tests were performed every 6 months during the follow-up. ResultsA total of 39 patients with main pancreatic duct (MPD)–type IPMNs underwent POPS using a videoscope, and the protrusions in the MPD were observed in 36 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology/biopsy performed at the time of POPS were 85% and 87.5%, respectively. Of 19 patients who underwent surgery, 18 (95%) patients had negative surgical margins and 1 (5%) patient had a positive margin. ConclusionsIn IPMNs with dilatation of the MPD, POPS is considered effective if the lesions can be directly observed. The diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions is possible depending on the degree of lesion elevation. However, in some cases, slightly elevated lesions may increase in size during the follow-up or multiple lesions may be simultaneously present; therefore, careful follow-up is necessary.