Decentralized Autonomous Organizations Research Articles

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs): Catalysts for Enhanced Market Efficiency

Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs): Catalysts for Enhanced Market Efficiency

Volatile properties: A Modest Proposal revisited

AbstractIn our 2018 film, A Modest Proposal, we proposed to financialize the assets of public museums, their collections, and buildings, and distribute the generated values for the benefit of the producers of those values: the artist community. Reality seems to have caught up with our proposal. In the wake of the pandemic, public museums started to sell NFTs of their master pieces. But this did not inspire any new form of mutualization. In this text, we question whether blockchain infrastructures can be considered a public good. The individualistic logics that pervade the crypto sphere consider human relations in transactional terms and the enforcement of property rights as the only valuable governance principle, defining property as the basis for representation in many of the Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs). The trust placed in automated processes might lead to ‘governance by algorithms’, making the ‘Leviathan’, the sovereign machine, a frightening possibility. Other blockchain infrastructures may offer more inclusive alternatives. Distributed Cooperative Organizations (DisCOs) acknowledge the need for the individual to sustain her/himself and yet also create a solidarity economy by the mutual distribution of collectively generated values among all contributors. We focus on the above questions on property, public goods and governance using our home in Brussels, which we have defined as an artwork and framing device. It is the ‘house as artwork’ that helps us evaluate how these concepts play out in an accelerating world in which blockchain and other technologies might equally generate emancipation or new enclosures.

Laws Applicable to International Smart Contracts and Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOS)

Laws Applicable to International Smart Contracts and Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOS)

Making Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) Fit for Legal Life: Mind the Gap

Making Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) Fit for Legal Life: Mind the Gap

Non-fungible token economy in a developing country

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are a form of cryptocurrency that is commonly employed in sectors such as collectibles, art, and gaming (Pinto-Gutiérrez et al., 2022). The purpose of this study is to analyse the factors that affect NFT holdings in Thailand. The data was collected from 812 Thai residents who owned digital assets, and it was analysed using binary regression. The results indicated that NFT ownership could be predicted by NFT proficiency, marital status, age, and education, while occupation, monthly income, and savings were not significant. The paper proposes that the Thai government should collaborate with policymakers and regulators to create an extensive plan for the NFT industry, taking into account the significant factors (NFT competence, marital status, age, and education) in analysing investor behaviour, and blockchain companies may use the findings to increase NFT users through marketing.

The Economics of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations

The Economics of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations

Comparing news and non-news sites in Web3 domain

This study provides a pioneering analysis of the features and topics of news websites in the Web 3.0 era through a comparison with non-news sites. We first classify over 4,600 Web3 sites into news and non-news types to investigate the feature characteristics of decentralized websites as well as semantic and subject categories. The most novel finding is that Web3 news sites have more features than non-news sites in terms of design systems and functions, interactivity, information quality, and hyperlinks. Furthermore, news web3 domains have more terms in semantic networks associated with information provision (e.g., "source"), whereas non-news domains have more terms associated with finance (e.g., "token"). The integration of the Decentralized Autonomous Organization, a fundamental component of the Web3 ecosystem, began in the news industry and is at an early stage in terms of functionality and structure. The study’s results are discussed in the context of future Web3 domain development.

Decentralized Autonomous Organization Governance By Upgradeable Diamond Smart Contracts

Decentralized Autonomous Organization Governance By Upgradeable Diamond Smart Contracts

Parallel Manufacturing for Industrial Metaverses: A New Paradigm in Smart Manufacturing

Briefing: To tackle the complexity of human and social factors in manufacturing systems, parallel manufacturing for industrial metaverses is proposed as a new paradigm in smart manufacturing for effective and efficient operations of those systems, where Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSSs) and the Internet of Minds (IoM) are regarded as its infrastructures and the “Artificial systems”, “Computational experiments” and “Parallel execution” (ACP) method is its methodological foundation for parallel evolution, closed-loop feedback, and collaborative optimization. In parallel manufacturing, social demands are analyzed and extracted from social intelligence for product R&D and production planning, and digital workers and robotic workers perform the majority of the physical and mental work instead of human workers, contributing to the realization of low-cost, high-efficiency and zero-inventory manufacturing. A variety of advanced technologies such as Knowledge Automation (KA), blockchain, crowdsourcing and Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) provide powerful support for the construction of parallel manufacturing, which holds the promise of breaking the constraints of resource and capacity, and the limitations of time and space. Finally, the effectiveness of parallel manufacturing is verified by taking the workflow of customized shoes as a case, especially the unmanned production line named FlexVega.

DeCASA in AgriVerse: Parallel Agriculture for Smart Villages in Metaverses

Briefing: The demand for food is tremendously increasing with the growth of the world population, which necessitates the development of sustainable agriculture under the impact of various factors, such as climate change. To fulfill this challenge, we are developing Metaverses for agriculture, referred to as AgriVerse, under our Decentralized Complex Adaptive Systems in Agriculture (DeCASA) project, which is a digital world of smart villages created alongside the development of Decentralized Sciences (DeSci) and Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO) for Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSSs). Additionally, we provide the architectures, operating modes and major applications of DeCASA in Agri-Verse. For achieving sustainable agriculture, a foundation model based on ACP theory and federated intelligence is envisaged. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities.

Innovation and Key Benefits of Business Models in Blockchain Companies

Existing business models are changed and disrupted by blockchain technology, which warrants more research. This study tries to describe the phenomena of blockchain technology in relation to business model innovation in the enterprise ecosystem on the basis of that. Blockchain technology has been shown to increase organizational performance empirically. The value system concept is used in this study to explain this phenomena. This study employs a multiple-case study to respond to research questions using abductive reasoning. Overall, the outcomes According to this study, blockchain technology benefits an organization in four different ways: I value capture through higher profitability; (ii) value creation through private partnerships; (iii) value delivery through smart contracts; and (iv) value proposition that drives value by raising the organization's business value through operational improvements. This report also suggests a blockchain ecosystem with various private and consortium organizations. Private ecosystem focused on internal organizational performance enhancement within one corporate enterprise. The consortium ecosystem, on the other hand, is focused on fostering corporate cooperation.

DeSci Based on Web3 and DAO: A Comprehensive Overview and Reference Model

Decentralized science (DeSci) is a hot topic emerging with the development of Web3 or Web3.0 and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) and operations. DeSci fundamentally differs from the centralized science (CeSci) and Open Science (OS) movement built in the centralized way with centralized protocols. It changes the basic structure and legacy norms of current scientific systems via reshaping the cooperation mode, value system, and incentive mechanism. As such, it can provide a viable path for solving bottleneck problems in the development of science, such as oligarchy, silos, and so on, and make science more fair, free, responsible, and sensitive. However, DeSci itself still faces many challenges, including scaling, balancing the quality of participants, system suboptimal loops, lack of accountability mechanism, and so on. Taking these into consideration, this article presents a systematic introduction of DeSci, proposes a novel reference model with a six-layer architecture, addresses the potential applications, and also outlines the key research directions in this emerging field. This article is committed to providing helpful guidance and reference for future research efforts on DeSci.

Smart Contracts Security Threats and Solutions

Blockchain-enabled smart contracts are subjected to several issues leading to vigorous attacks such as the decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) and the ParitySig bug on the Ethereum platform with disastrous consequences. Several solutions have been proposed. However, new threats are identified as technology evolves and new solutions are produced, while some older threats remain unsolved. Thus, the need to fill the gap with a more comprehensive survey on existing issues and solutions for researchers and practitioners arises. The resulting updated database will become an essential means for choosing a particular solution for a specific subject. In this review, the authors embrace mainly codifying security privacy and performance issues and their respective solutions. Each problem is attached to its corresponding solutions when they exist. A summary of the threats and solutions is provided as well as the relationship between threat importance and the given answers. They finally enumerate some directives for future works.

The rise of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs): a first empirical glimpse

ABSTRACT Blockchain technology and smart contracts are catalysts for decentralization and disintermediation. These new technologies reduce transaction costs, agency costs, and offer a basis for trustless social and economic interactions. They are fueling new business models for decentralized platforms and have revolutionized crowdfunding. A recent trend, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), stands to fundamentally transform organizing and governance. DAOs are blockchain-native, decentralized organizations that are collectively owned and managed by their members via smart contracts. In this note, we assess the promises and challenges of DAOs, with a focus on decentralized governance and disintermediation, and offer a first empirical glimpse at the rise and functioning of DAOs. Overall, DAOs may introduce a new era in organizational economics, transforming the global corporate landscape from hierarchical organizations to democratic and distributed organizations powered by organizational entrepreneurship and innovations.

제3세대 인권의 객체로서의 문화유산

The first and second generations of human rights which are established on individuality fall short of offering full protection to cultural heritage. Recognition of the solidarity among entities even beyond the geographical and temporal limit is an essential prerequisite of the right to culture as common heritage of mankind. Furthermore, cultural heritage serves as the basis of human identity which leads to human dignity and cultural heritage itself has its own value to be protected regardless of its use. These factors support Karel Vasak’s argument of the ownership of the common cultural heritage of humanity as one of the third generation human rights. However, the third generation human right to cultural heritage not only conflicts with property rights but also entails contradiction between different group interests. With the power of the blockchain technology which enables openness, transparency, anonymity, decentralization and trust, DAOs (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations) hand out clues to solve the problems of the third generation human right to cultural heritage. The provisions in the Korean civil act regarding an association that is not a juristic person also provide useful legal methods to realize the collective ownership of cultural heritage. If DAOs have the legal status of the association without juristic personality in Korean civil act and the Articles of DAOs clearly stipulate the public nature of the ownership and the solidarity with others including future generations, the third-generation human right to cultural heritage can be enforced effectively. In Korea, the National Treasure DAO tried to be the first DAO with the purpose of public ownership of two Korean national treasures. Though it failed, it gave enough insight to make a future breakthrough. It cannot be emphasized enough that DAOs and its collective ownership alone leave a vast lacuna in guaranteeing the public access and participation in the cultural heritage with a common value. Public law research that carves out the details of solidarity in cultural heritage must fill the blank. It should be incarnated in the Articles of DAOs to keep the common value of cultural heritage intact. Also, the public law research results should guide states, public authorities, museums, and other specialists who will take the initiative of the cultural heritage DAOs in near future.

NetDAO: Toward Trustful and Secure IoT Networks without Central Gateways

The Internet of Things (IoT) suffers from a profound lack of trust between central gateways and sensors, e.g., gateways suspect sensors of flooding malicious packets, and vice versa, sensors suspect gateways of manipulating traffic data. One important reason for the mistrust is the asymmetry of a centralized network organization. A Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) can establish a trustful and symmetric network with the blockchain. However, it is a vacant area for IoT networks to build trust between gateways and sensors within the DAO. In this paper, we firstly propose a trustful and secure IoT Network DAO solution (NetDAO) to mitigate the data manipulation and the malicious flooding packets. In particular, the NetDAO has a security rating algorithm to assign a reputation value for each entity in the network. Based on this, each entity can mitigate the malicious flooding packets using a proof-of-reputation packet-forwarding mechanism. In addition, the NetDAO stores traffic data using the blockchain to mitigate the data manipulation. The experimental results show that the NetDAO effectively mitigates malicious flooding packets and costs 1 s for ∼480 entities to complete the rating algorithm.

Decentralized Personal Data Marketplaces: How Participation in a DAO Can Support the Production of Citizen-Generated Data.

Big Tech companies operating in a data-driven economy offer services that rely on their users’ personal data and usually store this personal information in “data silos” that prevent transparency about their use and opportunities for data sharing for public interest. In this paper, we present a solution that promotes the development of decentralized personal data marketplaces, exploiting the use of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs), Decentralized File Storages (DFS) and smart contracts for storing personal data and managing access control in a decentralized way. Moreover, we focus on the issue of a lack of efficient decentralized mechanisms in DLTs and DFSs for querying a certain type of data. For this reason, we propose the use of a hypercube-structured Distributed Hash Table (DHT) on top of DLTs, organized for efficient processing of multiple keyword-based queries on the ledger data. We test our approach with the implementation of a use case regarding the creation of citizen-generated data based on direct participation and the involvement of a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO). The performance evaluation demonstrates the viability of our approach for decentralized data searches, distributed authorization mechanisms and smart contract exploitation.

When is a DAO Decentralized?

While previously a nascent theoretical construct, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO) have grown rapidly in recent years. DAOs typically emerge around the management of decentralized financial applications (DeFi) and thus benefit from the rapid growth of innovation in this sector. In response, global regulators increasingly voice the intent to regulate these activities. This may impose an excessive compliance burden on DAOs, unless they are deemed sufficiently decentralized to be regulated. Yet, decentralization is an abstract concept with scarce legal precedence. We investigate dimensions of decentralization through thematic analysis, combining extant literature with a series of expert interviews. We propose a definition of “sufficient decentralization” and present a general framework for the assessment of decentralization. We derive five dimensions for the assessment of decentralization in DAOs: Token-weighted voting, Infrastructure, Governance, Escalation and Reputation (TIGER). We present a discretionary sample application of the framework and five propositions on the future regulation and supervision of DAOs. We contribute new practical insights on the topic of compliance and decentralized organizations to the growing discourse on the application of blockchain technology in information systems (IS) and management disciplines.

Framework Authentication e-document using Blockchain Technology on the Government system

As a sophisticated platform, namely Blockchain, which has 3 (three) potentials to change the governance system which is still considered traditional, solve the problem of principal agents, and minimize the crime of document falsification. However, in the government sector, the documents used can be insecure and lead to document falsification. Blockchain is becoming increasingly significant in document services and beyond until questions arise about the authenticity and security of manuscripts and documents in the government sector. So, Go-Chain (Government Blockchain) it is necessary to authenticate documents using Blockchain to minimize document forgery. By utilizing the potential of Blockchain technology, this research aims to maximize government e-documents in a modern and secure manner. Propose a Blockchain-based document framework method that is applied with a literature review study—in addition to ensuring the speed of system execution by utilizing DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) and Smart Contracts. The result is that modern and safe government e-documents in document verification can significantly maintain transparency and increase trust in public services.

Augmenting Blockchain With Competition Law for a Sustainable Economic Evolution

Since its introduction, blockchain technology has been revered, ridiculed, dismissed, embraced, and presently has become too large to ignore, witnessing exponential growth. The obvious indicator of this growth is that research revolving around blockchain technology has already raised competition in the form of directed acyclic graphs and hashgraph, all of which fall under the umbrella of distributed ledger technology (DLT). Segueing on the back of visibly positive effects of competition, we arrive at the essence of our paper. We show that the current competition regimes around the world are inefficient at promoting and maintaining competition around the world, dominated by the behemoth technology enterprises that have successfully monopolized and monetized data, which is indubitably, one of the most important assets in today’s digital age. Data gathered from users fuels the algorithms, machine learning, and artificial intelligence programs employed by these tech giants, which further entrenches their monopolistic hold over cyberspace. Blockchain and DLTs, just like any other technology, pose new threats to the competition law regimes, while also allowing the authorities to utilize the technology themselves to explore new horizons involving smart contracts, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs), Web 3.0, and enforce competition more effectively. In our paper, we briefly illustrate the challenges presented before the competition authorities by the assimilation of blockchain in the existing establishments, and how the competition authorities can themselves collude with blockchain stakeholders to take a holistic approach and establish a symbiotic relationship, which ensures that both, survive, prosper, and enhance consumer welfare.