Dc Conductivity Research Articles

Effects of ion doping on the dielectric and electro-optical properties of chiral nematic liquid crystal

This study presents experimental findings pertaining to the use of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a dopant dispersed in cholesteric liquid crystal. The impact of the additive on the electrical and dielectric properties was investigated by dielectric spectroscopy. Compared with that in the pure counterpart, the dielectric relaxation frequency increased due to the added ions in the cholesteric liquid crystals impregnated with 0.01–0.5-wt% CTAB. Furthermore, by analyzing the dielectric spectra in a specific frequency range, the DC conductivity, ion density, and diffusion coefficient were calculated and compared. By fitting the experimental data into the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy was obtained as well. Our experimental results illustrated that all these physical properties were strongly dependent on the CTAB concentration and the temperature. This work also involved the electro-optical measurement in combination with the observation of optical texture. The ion addition provoked electrohydrodynamic flows in a surfactant-dispersed mixture, generating a homogeneous and transparent uniform lying helix state between two low-transmission optical states—the focal conic and dynamic scattering states. The operating frequency range of the dynamic scattering state was significantly broadened by the ionic dopant.

Correlations of structural, thermal and electrical properties of sodium doped complex borophosphosilicate glass

Borophosphosilicate glasses with varying sodium ion concentrations were investigated for their, structural, thermal, and electrical properties. All the obtained glasses were transparent except the glass with the highest sodium content, which exhibited translucency due to inhomogeneities. Increasing sodium content led to reduced boron and silicon content while maintaining a constant B/Si ratio, indicating progressive depolymerization of the glass network. Confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy showed homogeneous and granular structure for samples with lower sodium content, but higher sodium content resulted in visible agglomeration/nanocrystallization. X-ray diffractograms showed amorphous nature for most samples, with samples doped with the highest concentrations of Na2O showing several broad reflections suggesting nanoscale crystallinity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed shifts in dominant bands with increasing sodium content, indicating depolymerization of the borate network. An observed decrease in glass transition temperature and thermal stability with increasing sodium content was attributed to depolymerization and formation of non-bridging oxygens. Impedance spectroscopy revealed two relaxation processes associated with the transport of Na+ ions through two different regions. DC conductivity and activation energy predominantly increased with the sodium ion content at high temperatures.

Comparative study between oxide/soft ferrite, oxide/hard ferrite, and soft/hard ferrite nanocomposites: structural, electrical, and magnetic properties

Three binary nanocomposites (NCs): (0.5NiO/0.5Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4), (0.5NiO/0.5BaFe12O19), and (0.5Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/0.5BaFe12O19) were prepared using the co-precipitation method followed by the wet ball-milling technique. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the production of NiO and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 single phases, while the α-Fe2O3 secondary phase appeared in the BaFe12O19 and the 0.5Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/0.5BaFe12O19 nanocomposite. The transmission electron microscopy investigation and the selected area electron diffraction demonstrated the presence of the nanocomposites’ constituent phases. x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy identified the oxidation states found in the prepared samples (Ba2+, Ni2+, Ni3+, Zn2+, Fe3+, and O2−). The bandgap values (Eg) of the nanocomposites are in the range between 2.79 and 3.66 eV, which indicates their semiconductor nature. The DC conductivity experiment confirmed the semiconducting nature of all samples, and the activation energies ( EaH ) and ( EaL ) at high and low-temperature regions, respectively, were calculated from the Arrhenius equation. According to the vibrating sample magnetometer, the NCs exhibited ferromagnetic (FM) as showed by the M-H loops. In the oxide/soft ferrite NC, the dM/dH curve indicated strong exchange coupling interactions, while the hard and the soft magnetic phases in the oxide/hard ferrite and the soft/hard ferrite NCs were weakly exchanged coupled. Significant uses had been found for each of the three nanocomposites according to their constituent phases and properties.

Transport property mechanism of semiconducting x MgO:(50-x) PbO:50V2O5 glasses

ABSTRACT The electrical properties of semiconducting Oxide glasses with composition x MgO(50-x) PbO:50V2O5 glasses have been investigated. The glasses were prepared by the normal melt quenching technique. The X-ray diffractograms of the present glass system show that the prepared glass samples are perfectly amorphous. The DSC patterns indicate that the MgO-substituted glass samples behave like the eutectic composition up to x = 15 mol%. The DC conductivity is measured in the temperature range of 300 to 500 K, and data are fitted with Mott’s and Schnakenberg models. The conductivity of all the glass compositions increases with increasing MgO content. The conduction mechanism of these glasses was non-adiabatic. The various parameters, such as activation energy, average site separation between transition metal ions and polaron radius, have been calculated and found consistent with Mott’s small polaron hopping non-adiabatically between different sites. The Hruby parameter (kg) for this glass system has been calculated and discussed.

Research on the Thermal Aging Characteristics of Crosslinked Polyethylene Cables Based on Polarization and Depolarization Current Measurement

Although XLPE cables are widely used in power transmission and distribution systems, their insulating properties are susceptible to degradation due to thermal aging. In order to clarify the influence law of the thermal aging process on the structural and dielectric properties of XLPE cables, this paper investigates the thermal aging characteristics of XLPE cables by using polarization and depolarization current measurement. Results show that when the XLPE cable is aged at 140 °C, the crystallinity of the insulation layer appears to increase and then decrease. With the increase in aging time, micron-sized microvoids appear on the surface of the XLPE. At the same time, the DC conductivity and 0.1 Hz dielectric loss factor of the insulating layer increase with the aging time. The average DC conductivity increased from 2.26 × 10−16 S/m for new cables to 4.47 × 10−16 S/m after aging for 432 h, while the dielectric loss increased from 0.11% to 0.42%. The polarization characteristics of thermal-aged cables were further analyzed using the extended Debye model. Results indicate that the time constant of the third branch of the model increased significantly with increasing aging time. A correspondence between this parameter and the thermal aging time of the cable was established. Thermal aging can damage the crystalline structure of XLPE, so that the number of interfaces between the crystalline and amorphous regions of the material increases, resulting in structural damages and a decline in the dielectric properties of the cable insulation.

Frequency-dependent dielectric, electric modulus, and ac conductivity features of Au/n-Si Schottky diodes (SDs) with PVC and (PVC:Graphite/Graphene-Oxide) interlayer

To determine the interlayer effect on dielectric features and conductivity, Au/n-Si (S0), Au/PVC/p-Si (S1), and Au/PVC:Gt-GO/p-Si (S2) type SDs were grown onto the same n-Si wafer and their admittance measurements performed between 100 Hz and 1 MHz. The observed decrease in C and G/ω values as frequency increases shows that the charges at the interface-states (N ss) can easily follow ac-signal and supply an excess capacitance and conductance at lower frequencies. Using C and G/ω data at 1.5 V, the dielectric-constant (ϵ′), dielectric-loss (ϵ″), and loss-tangent (tan δ) were obtained as a function of frequency. To determine the relaxation processes in (PVC:Gt-GO) nanocomposite, complex-dielectric (M′ and M′′) formalism was also explored in the whole frequency range. The value of ac electrical conductivity (σ ac) remained independent of frequency until 0.1 MHz and then started to increase exponentially which corresponds to dc and ac conductivity. As compared to S1 and S2 with So SD, the conductivity and ϵ′ values increase due to the PVC and (PVC:Gt-GO) interlayer. The Ln(σ ac)-Ln(ω) plots were also drawn to analyze the conduction process and their slopes were found as 0.09, 0.39, and 0.58 for S0, S1, and S2 SD, respectively. These results show that the interaction and trap levels of the electron–hole pairs at lower frequencies, as well as from the well-localized relaxation mechanism at higher frequencies.

Tailoring the electric, dielectric and optical properties of template-free hydrothermally synthesized CuO nanostructures via Co doping

Facile template-free hydrothermal method was utilized for preparing CuO nanostructures (NSs) doped with Co element (Cu1-xCoxO (x = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08)). A single-phase monoclinic crystal with changing in morphology from rod-to sphere-like nanoparticles was observed. The temperature dependency of DC electrical conductivity revealed that the shallow and deep donor levels are responsible for the DC conduction in low and high temperature ranges, respectively. The Ac electrical conductivity, dielectric constant and dielectric loss were also measured as functions in frequency and temperature. The frequency dependence of the AC conductivity was well represented by the Jonscher's universal power law. The AC conduction was governed by the Correlated Barrier Hopping model where the inter-well and intra-well hopping mechanisms contribute to the electrical conduction in the low and high frequency ranges, respectively. The activation energies and the barrier height decreased while the dielectric constant and dielectric loss increased with increasing the Co content. The relaxation and deformational polarizations predominate and the overall behavior of dielectric constant fits well with the Koops' model. The Cole-Cole plots indicated a decrease in the sample resistance with increasing temperatures and Co concentrations. UV–vis absorption spectra exhibited two peaks at wavelengths 252 and 323 nm. The optical energy gap was calculated using Tauc's equation and decrease from 2.24 to 2.1 eV with increasing the Co concentrations. The effect of Co-doping on CuO was explored for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and found a decrease in the overvoltage (μ) about 50 mV at 0.08 ratios, which declares that the doping of Co element enhances the electrical conductivity and feasibility for further electrocatalytic improvement.

Effect of Li2O composition and temperature on the ionic conductivity of lithium-borate-silicate glasses containing gold nanoparticles using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

This research systematically investigates the conductivity properties of a lithium-borate-silicate glass containing varying amounts of Li2O (30 to 50 mol %) in the presence and absence of a fixed concentration of gold nanoparticles (0.05 M). Three techniques were used to characterize the glass material: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Impedance spectra were recorded at temperatures of 100 °C, 140 °C, and 200 °C, and the results were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using models based on the equivalent circuit approach. It was observed that below a critical concentration of Li2O, namely 35 mol %, the conductivity behavior exhibits a single relaxation process. However, above the critical concentration, the materials present two relaxation processes associated with changes in morphology. Impedance measurements also evaluate the DC and AC conductivity properties of the glasses. Interestingly, regardless of the morphology, conduction in the glasses appears to be thermally activated, with the conduction mechanism being controlled by polaron hopping in a correlated barrier. There is no evidence suggesting that the gold nanoparticles play a significant role in determining the conduction properties of the glasses, at least within the concentration range studied here.

Quantum-Acoustical Drude Peak Shift.

Quantum acoustics-a recently developed framework parallel to quantum optics-establishes a nonperturbative and coherent treatment of the electron-phonon interaction in real space. The quantum-acoustical representation reveals a displaced Drude peak hiding in plain sight within the venerable Fröhlich model: the optical conductivity exhibits a finite frequency maximum in the far-infrared range and the dc conductivity is suppressed. Our results elucidate the origin of the high-temperature absorption peaks in strange or bad metals, revealing that dynamical lattice disorder steers the system towards a non-Drude behavior.

Enhanced Efficiency of Silicon Solar Cell by New Salophen Complexes Embedded PMMA as Light Concentrators

The Schiff base N,N-bis(salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine (salophen) was prepared by the condensation of salicylaldehyde with o-phenylenediamine in ethanol solution. Two new Zn(II) and Ni(II) salophen complexes, were synthesized, fully characterized by infrared (IR), 1H NMR spectroscopic measurements, UV–Vis spectra, photoluminescence (PL), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared complexes were used as phosphors to fabricate complexes/PMMA slab-based luminescent solar concentrators (LSC). The thermal stability of pure and doped PMMA polymer was examined by differential scanning calorimetry. Various parameters such as the optical energy gap, refractive index, AC and DC conductivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, Urbach energy, fluorescence quantum yield, and Stokes shift have been calculated and discussed. Optical absorption is carried out in wavelength region 200–900 nm at room temperature before and after the samples have been exposed to sunlight for up to 8 h. Photodegradation studies showed that the Zn(II) complex/PMMA LSC has the lowest rate of degradation compared with Ni(II) complex/PMMA LSC with the same concentration (0.06% weight). I–V characteristics of the photovoltaic devices with and without collectors were examined. The PV cell coupled with LSC shows an increase in maximum efficiency by about 50% compared to the normal one. This indicates that the proposed technique is very useful for improving the efficiency of solar cells.

Enhancing the Conductivity and Dielectric Characteristics of Bismuth Oxyiodide via Activated Carbon Doping.

Activated carbon/BiOI nanocomposites were successfully synthesized through a simplistic method. The produced composites were then characterized using XRD, TEM, SEM-EDX, and XPS. The results showed that BiOI with a tetragonal crystal structure had been formed. The interaction between activated carbon and BiOI was confirmed via all the mentioned tools. The obtained nanocomposites' electrical conductivity, dielectric properties, and Ac impedance were studied at 59 KHz-1.29 MHz. AC and dc conductivities were studied at temperatures between 303 and 573 K within the frequency range of 59 KHz-1.29 MHz. The 10% activated carbon/BiOI nanocomposite possessed dc and AC conductivity values of 5.56 × 10-4 and 2.86 × 10-4 Ω-1.cm-1, respectively, which were higher than BiOI and the other nanocomposites. Every sample exhibited increased electrical conductivity values as the temperature and frequency rose, suggesting that all samples had semiconducting behavior. The loss and dielectric constants (ε' and ε″) also dropped as the frequency increased, leading to higher dielectric loss. The Nyquist plot unraveled single semicircle arcs and a decreased bulk resistance, indicating decreased grain boundary resistance. Consequently, the electrical characteristics of BiOI, 1C/BiOI, 5C/BiOI, and 10C/BiOI implied their applicability as dielectric absorbers, charge-stored capacitors, and high-frequency microwave devices.

Nonlinear phenomena in charge transport properties of a hole-doped organic spin-liquid compound

The nonlinear electric conductivity of κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.89Br8, which is known as a hole-doped spin liquid, has been observed by single crystal transport measurements using dc and ac excitations. This compound is known as a charge transfer complex with strong magnetic fluctuations accompanied by electron mass enhancement at ambient pressure. We discuss the nonlinear dc conductivity drastically emerging below 100 K. We also performed ac impedance measurements of this compound and compared the results with those of a typical dimer-Mott compound of deuterated κ-(d8-BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br, located just near the Mott boundary. The analyses of the Nyquist plots of κ-(d8-BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br and κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.89Br8 reveal qualitatively different features. The former shows a behavior pertinent to the inhomogeneous distribution of domains due to a mixing of metal and insulating phases, taking into account the influence of the proximity effect, while the doped spin liquid has a distinct semicircle-type frequency dependence in its Nyquist plot in the whole temperature range studied. We conclude that the nonlinear conductivity is intrinsically peculiar to the doped dimer Mott system, where the charge degrees of freedom dominate the itinerancy. We attribute the anomalous features, such as non-Fermi liquid behavior, heat capacity enhancement, and strong antiferromagnetic fluctuations in κ-(BEDT-TTF)4Hg2.89Br8, to a kind of charge confinement effect retained in the hole-doped spin-liquid state.

Investigation on structural, optical, thermal, and dielectric properties of nanocomposite films based on chitosan containing vanadium pentoxide/zinc oxide and their potential for optoelectronics devices

Chitosan (Cs), zinc oxide (ZnO), and vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanoparticles (NPs) have been used to create ternary nanocomposite materials to improve their optical and electrical characterization. Physical methods have been used to investigate the effects of varying vanadium pentoxide nanoparticle contents on the optical and electrical characterization of the prepared films. In XRD results obtained, the characteristic peaks of pure chitosan are seen to be broken and vanished (especially at 15 wt.% V2O5 NPs). This means that when chitosan is filled with different concentrations of V2O5 nanoparticles, chitosan is very weak and simply broken, and only characteristic peaks of V2O5 appear. The average crystal size of V2O5 has been determined to be 25.4 nm. FTIR spectra approve the strong complexation between the nanoparticles and hydrogen bonds in the composite. The study suggests that the addition of zinc and vanadium nanoparticles to chitosan-based films can improve their thermal stability, which has potential applications in various industries, including packaging, biomedical, and environmental. Electrical studies indicate that as the content of embedded zinc/vanadium-filled-in chitosan rises, the ε′ value decreases. The observed decrease in the insulating behavior of chitosan aligns with the notion that doping reduces its insulating properties. This aligns with the enhanced electrical conductivity evident from the DC conductivity measurements. The study demonstrates that incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO) and vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles effectively influences the dielectric properties and relaxation behavior of chitosan. The given results suggest Ternary nano-composite chitosan-ZnO/V2O5 films for specific requirements in optical, optoelectronic applications.

Silver nanoparticles reinforced on silk fibroin/carboxymethylcellulose composite films for electrical applications

This study proposes the fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on silk fibroin-carboxymethylcellulose (SF-CMC) composite films for advancement in electronic device applications. Bombyx mori silk fibroin is a biopolymer that is used as a bio-template in the fabrication of AgNPs. Various silver nitrate (AgNO3) combinations are added to the prepared SF solution to synthesize AgNPs. To develop stand-alone biopolymer-nanocomposite (SF-CMC/AgNPs) films, SF-AgNPs colloidal solution is blended with CMC solution. Ultra Violet – Visible (UV–Vis), Photoluminescence (PL), Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) have been employed to the prepared SF-CMC/AgNPs composites toevaluate the physical, chemical, structural, morphological, and topographical information of the composite films. Furthermore, the composites are subjected to LCR Hi-tester and electrochemical workstation CH instrument to analyze the AC, DC conductivity, dielectric characteristics, and electrochemical impedance analysis of SF-CMC/AgNPs composites. The UV–visible spectra reveals the formed nanoparticles in spherical shape with average particle size 35–40 nm. XRD reveals the formed AgNPs in face centred cubic (FCC) structure; TEM reveals the average particle size of 35 nm. AC conductivity of the SF-CMC/AgNPs composite found to be 4.0 × 10−4 to 8.04 × 10−4 S/cm. In spite of the presence of AgNPs, measurements of the dielectric behaviourof pure CMC and SF-CMC materials exhibit good dielectric performance. The obtained results demonstrated that the SF-CMCfilms exhibit significant conductivity following AgNPs incorporation and may therefore be used in biosensor and wearable electronic device applications.

Correlation of thermal and electrical properties of silver germanophosphate glasses with their structural analysis by Raman and NMR spectroscopy

In present study glasses of the system Ag2O-GeO2-P2O5 were studied in the compositional series (50−x)Ag2O-xGeO2-50P2O5 with x = 0−40 mol%. Ag2O substitution by GeO2 results in a significant increase of both glass transition temperature, Tg, and crystallization temperature, Tc, up to 628 °C (Tg) and 851 °C (Tc) at x = 40 mol% GeO2. The glass structure was investigated from the analysis of 31P MAS NMR and Raman spectra. Both methods show transformation of phosphate glass network formed mainly by Q2 units to germanate-phosphate network formed by Q1xGe and Q21Ge phosphate units and germanate units. Raman spectra, in addition, reveal evolution of P‒O‒P linkages to P‒O‒Ge and Ge‒O‒Ge linkages through the glass series. DC conductivity trend upon GeO2 addition showed non-monotonic behaviour, which is related to structural changes in the glass-network.

Magnetoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Composites Based on BaTiO3 and Nickel-Zinc Ferrite Material.

The purpose of the present study was to learn the morphological, structural, ferroelectric, dielectric, electromechanical, magnetoelectric, and magnetic properties, and DC conductivity of BaTiO3-Ni0.64Zn0.36Fe2O4 (BT-F) multiferroic composites compacted via the free sintering method. The influence of the ferrite content in ceramic composite materials on the functional properties is investigated and discussed. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the presence of two main phases of the composite, with strong reflections originating from BaTiO3 and weak peaks originating from nickel-zinc ferrite. BT-F ceramic composites have been shown to exhibit multiferroism at room temperature. All studied compositions have high permittivity values and low dielectric loss, while the ferroelectric properties of the BT component are maintained at a high level. On the other hand, magnetic properties depend on the amount of the ferrite phase and are the strongest for the composition with 15 wt.% of F (magnetization at RT is 4.12 emu/g). The magnetoelectric coupling between BT and F phases confirmed by the lock-in technique is the largest for 15 wt.% ferrite. In the present work, the process conditions of the free sintering method for obtaining BT-F multiferroic composite with good electrical and magnetic properties (in one material) were optimized. An improved set of multifunctional properties allows the expansion of the possibilities of using multiferroic composites in microelectronics.

Electrical/thermal conductivities of low-temperature sintered/Ag-decorated epoxy microspheres

The last decades composite production has benefited from additive manufacturing rendering production of special parts feasible and economical. Energy and time-consuming processes have improved significantly since the implementation of low temperature sintering methods. In this work, we prepare sub-micron powders in an attempt to produce conductive composites via compression sintering at a low overall production cost. Epoxy microspheres of glassy and rubbery type are synthesized in a controlled manner to inherit certain properties, and then decorated via a controlled deposition process of silver nanoparticles to form fine powders. The resulting fine powders are compressed at room temperature conditions to consolidate and hopefully sinter at post-cure. We study the structure-property relationship of the powder structure and the effect in the conductive properties that arise after consolidation. Remarkably, the compressed powders achieved DC conductivity with extremely low silver nanoparticle content (7.7 wt %, approx. 0.9 vol %) as compared with other literature reports and a promising increase in thermal diffusivity of about 18 % with just 4.2 wt % of silver nanoparticles.

Investigation of Dielectric Properties of Quaternary Ceramic 0.47BNT-0.04BT-0.37PMN-0.18PT

Dielectric dispersion analysis has been carried out for the first time on a new quaternary ceramic [0.47(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.04BaTiO3-0.31Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.18PbTiO3] having a morphotropic phase boundary composition. The measurement of the dielectric parameters has been carried out in the frequency range of 200 Hz to 2 MHz and temperature range from 30 oC to 300 oC. The material showed high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, negligible DC conductivity and high ferroelectric to paraelectric transition temperature. A clear Debye type relaxation was observed in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss data. An interesting feature of two Debye peaks has been noticed in dielectric loss versus frequency curves in the temperature range 125 oC to 175 oC. These peaks shift towards higher frequencies when temperature is increased. The extracted relaxation times of the two peaks are three orders of magnitude different and have been found to follow the Arrhenius law with significantly different activation energies.

Effect of NASCION‐Type ceramic dispersion in PAN/PVA‐based blend polymer electrolyte: A structural, thermal, and electrical study

AbstractSolid flexible separators having adequate ion conductivity at ambient temperature along with good thermal and voltage stability are potential candidates for separators in all solid‐state ion batteries. In the present work, zirconium and niobium‐doped Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7 (PO4)3 ceramic particles have been incorporated into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based blend that served as a flexible matrix to create a flexible polymer–ceramic framework and have been examined for conductivity, dielectric properties, voltage stability, thermal stability, and electrochemical performance. The flexible polymer–ceramic framework shows high thermal stability, improved conductivity, and a high‐voltage window. Optimized dc conductivity of 9.8 × 10−5 S cm−1 has been observed among all investigated samples, with an improved voltage stability of 4.94 V. Further, the Trukhan model has been used to understand the effect of filler loading on ion migration properties. The optimized solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) shows improved ion mobility (μ) of 5.13 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s, number density (n) = 2.39 × 1015 cm3, and diffusion coefficient (D) of 2.09 × 10−3 cm2 s−1. It also shows a very high specific capacitance of ~10−4 Fg−1, excellent cycling stability, and 93.75% capacity retention after 100 cycles.

Generalized extremal branes in AdS/CMT and holographic superconductors

AdS4 generalized extremal branes are scrutinized in the context of AdS/CFT. Holographic superconductors are studied as dual objects to AdS4 generalized extremal branes, whose coefficients of response and transport in the dual condensed matter theory are calculated and discussed. The holographic Weyl anomaly is also addressed. The holographic superconductor bound current is shown to be enhanced by the parameter controlling the family of AdS4 generalized extremal branes, when compared to the standard AdS4-Reissner–Nordström black brane results. In the probe limit, the electrical DC conductivity for holographic superconductors with AdS4 generalized extremal branedual background is also reported.