Double Dating Research Articles

激光微纳制造在传感领域中的应用

激光微纳制造在传感领域中的应用

Boomchee

At what point in a date do you owe the other party the duty to inform them you are engaged? Is marriage an exercise in love, or practicality? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, the law school student narrator working at a summer factory job decides to set up her shy female friend, Susie, with her boyfriend’s shy brother, Barry. They go on a double date and everything seems to be going fine. Only later does the narrator and her boyfriend find out that Barry is engaged to a mail-order bride from Southeast Asia that will be arriving shortly. The shy Barry, it turns out, wanted to “practice” going on a date before his new wife arrived. The law student narrator is embarrassed, and struggles with the moral duty both she, and Barry, owe to Susie.

Disentangling stereotypes from social reality: Astrological stereotypes and discrimination in China.

Because stereotypes and social reality are mutually reinforcing, it is often unclear whether a given stereotype has emerged from preexisting social reality, or has shaped social reality over time to resemble the stereotype (e.g., via discrimination). To address this chicken-or-egg problem, we advance an integrative model that captures not only endogenous stereotype formation from social reality, but also exogenous stereotype formation without social reality. When arbitrary social categories are introduced, the cultural meanings of category cues (e.g., semantic category names) can be exogenously projected as stereotypes onto those social categories. To illustrate exogenous stereotype formation, we examined a novel form of stereotyping and discrimination in China based on astrological signs, which were introduced into China from the West. Studies 1a, 1b, and 2 revealed that astrological stereotypes are salient in China (but not in the United States). These stereotypes were likely produced exogenously because of how the signs were translated into Chinese. In particular, Virgos are stereotyped as having disagreeable personalities, likely because of Virgo's Chinese translation as "virgin" (Study 3). This translation-based stereotype led Chinese individuals to discriminate against Virgos in romantic dating (Study 4) and in simulated job recruitment (Studies 5 and 6). Studies 7 and 8 confirmed that astrological stereotypes are inaccurate and astrological discrimination is irrational: Astrological sign predicted neither personality (N = 173,709) nor job performance (N = 32,878). Overall, our research disentangles stereotypes from social reality by providing a real-world demonstration that stereotypes can form without preexisting social reality, yet still produce discrimination that can then shape social reality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Riboflavin and fluorescein stain before argon laser in the treatment of resistant corneal ulcer

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of argon laser in resistant corneal ulcers with the aid of fluorescein stain or riboflavin. Background The use of argon laser irradiation of refractory keratitis has proved beneficial in the treatment of these particular corneal ulcers as an adjunctive treatment. Patients and methods In all, 40 cases were divided into two groups. The first group included 20 patients stained with fluorescein sodium 0.25% before argon laser and the second group included 20 patients stained with riboflavin 0.1% before argon laser. Before laser treatment, a drop of benoxinate hydrochloride 0.4% and a single drop of fluorescein sodium 0.25% were instilled in the first group and riboflavin 0.1% in the second group. Argon laser irradiation of the affected cornea was performed using argon frequency doubled yttrium aluminum garnet laser, spot size of 500 μm, pulse duration of 0.2 s, and power of 900 mW. All cases were followed up within 4 months in four visits. Results A total of 17 cases healed within 4 months in the riboflavin 0.1% stained group, while only 16 cases healed within 4 months in the fluorescein sodium 0.25% stained group. Conclusion Argon laser treatment seems to be an effective adjuvant method for dealing with resistant corneal ulcers. The use of fluorescein sodium 0.25% stain or riboflavin 0.1% solution enhances visualization as well as uptake of laser shots. The difference in the healing rate between both the groups, although statistically significant, carries no clinical significance due to the small sample size.

Interoperability of the universal WPT3 transmitter with different receivers for electric vehicle inductive charger

Future Public inductive station must be able to charge vehicles with different models, sizes, and manufactures, which potentially means different receivers. This study investigates the interoperability of the universal rectangular transmitter (RT) pad recommended by the updated version of Society of Automotive Engineering (SAE) J2954-Recommended Practice (RP) (NOV2017), at WPT3 level with the rectangular and double-D (DD) receivers. The RT, rectangular receiver (RR), and double-D receiver (DDR) reported by the SAE J2954-NOV2017 for WPT3 at different Z-classes are modeled using circuit and 3D finite-element analysis. These models are validated based on the reported performance in the SAE J2954-NOV2017 and analyzed to perform the interoperability tests. The circuit models are used to define the operating frequency and the compensating network parameters that achieve the nominal power transfer at maximum efficiency. The interoperability is evaluated based several performance metrics, such as coupling factor, transmission power and efficiency, and leakage magnetic and electric fields. These indices are evaluated at perfect alignment, and different lateral and rotational misalignments in the system. The outcomes show that both receivers can operate with the universal transmitter and provide the required power to the vehicle at reasonable efficiency (within the acceptable limit [>85%]). Furthermore, both systems realize leakage magnetic fields less than the safe limit (15-μT) for living objects and medical devices. Operating the DDR with RT shows electric fields higher than the permissible limits (83 V/m). • Investigated interoperability of universal rectangular transmitter at WPT3 level. • Developed and analyzed 3D FEMs and circuit models for WPT3 at different Z-classes. • Evaluated interoperability metrics (e.g., power, efficiency, and leakage EMFs). • Analyzed different airgaps, lateral misalignments, and rotational misalignments. • Universal transmitter shows interoperable operation but high electric field level.

טופס שאילתות בכתיבת יד הרב אפרים בן שמריה והמסורת הארץ ישראלית של ספר השאילתות

In this article, I present a rotulus from the Genizah that contains three she’iltot from the beginning of the She’iltot book by R. Ahai. The rotulus is in the handwriting of R. Ephraim Ben Shemarya, the head of the Palestinian community in Fustat during the first half of the eleventh century. The order of the she’iltot in this rotulus diverges from their order in the common edition of the book. I propose that the she’iltot were rearranged thus because this copy was made by R. Ephraim for his sermon at the Ben-Ezra synagogue of the Palestinian community, on the shabbat when the first seder according to the triennial reading cycle of the Torah is read. This seder comprises only the creation story (1:1–2:3), and Ephraim’s copy reorganizes these three she’iltot to fit this seder precisely, using other verses as a source for the commandments, instead of those used in the She’iltot book. It is well-known that in the Ben-Ezra synagogue the reading of the Torah was practiced as a ‘double reading’: every shabbat the parasha (according to the annual cycle) was read from personal codices, and then the seder (according to the triennial cycle) was read from a Torah scroll. Evidence of the double reading practice dates as far as the beginning of the 13th century. In the article I review the various testimonies of the Torah reading practice in the Ben-Ezra synagogue, and the different opinions regarding its origin. If my theory is correct, R. Ephraim’s rotulus is the earliest evidence of reading the Torah according to the triennial cycle in the Ben-Ezra synagogue. Moreover, we can learn from this that during this period the sermon on shabbat was concerned with the seder that was read from the Torah scroll, and not with the Babylonian parasha that was read from codices. This, although the liturgy of the shabbat service was probably accompanying the parasha and not the seder. The assumption that R. Ephraim’s rotulus presents a Palestinian adaptation of the Babylonian She’iltot, which rearranges it according to the triennial reading cycle, is supported by two additional evidences, one external and one internal. Besides R. Ephraim’s rotulus, I present in the article another manuscript of the She’iltot from the Genizah where every she’ilta is titled with the corresponding seder instead of the corresponding parasha as is customary in this book. Furthermore, many of the she’iltot in this manuscript are not associated with the parasha to which they belong in the common book, but with a seder which is located in a different parasha. That is, this manuscript did not just associate the she’iltot with the sedarim, but also rearranged them in a different order. Apparently, R. Ephraim's rotulus also belongs to the same Palestinian tradition of this book. This argument is reinforced by internal evidence: The structure of the she’ilta that deals with shabbat in R. Ephraim’s copy is different from all other manuscripts of the book, but similar to the presentation of this she’ilta in Midrash Tanchuma. In other words, Ephraim copied the she’iltot from a manuscript that belonged to the Palestinian textual tradition of the book, the same tradition which is presented in the Tanchuma. Another evidence in the support of the Palestinian origin of R. Ephraim’s copy is its orthography, which has distinctly Palestinian characteristics. This article thus reveals the Palestinian textual tradition of the She’iltot book to which the rotulus of R. Ephraim Ben Shemarya belongs, as does the other manuscript described above. The she’iltot fragments which are found in Midrash Tanchuma emerge from the same tradition, and apparently this is also the source for the she’iltot that were embedded in other books from the Palestinian tradition as Sefer veHizhir.

Power stabilisation scheme design using spatial rotating coil based on magnetic field aggregation

The power fluctuation problem has been a key issue in dynamic wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. In the past research studies, the power fluctuation problem at low-transmission distance has been solved, but existing solutions often involve complex control strategies and cannot realise power stabilisation for dynamic WPT systems under high-transmission distance. As a remedy, the spatial rotating coil design scheme is proposed based on magnetic field aggregation to solve the power fluctuation problem without control strategy for high distance dynamic WPT system. Firstly, the crucial parameters affecting power fluctuations are analysed. Then the relative optimisation backgrounds are introduced. Afterwards, the mechanism of power sag is analysed based on magnetic field analysis. Subsequently, the spatial rotating double D (DD) coil design is proposed inspired by omnidirectional WPT coil, and various different DD coil schemes are optimised utilising magnetic field aggregation method to acquire the optimal scheme. Compared with the original coil scheme, the proposed design scheme improves fluctuation of system mutual inductance without complicated control strategies according to simulation results. Finally, a physical coil system consistent with the simulation system is constructed, which verifies the improvement effect of the proposed scheme and effectively confirm feasibility of the optimal scheme.

Orthogonal laminated magnetic integrated coupler for the wireless charging system with multiple power transfer channels

Aiming at the problems of the existing magnetic couplers used by wireless charging system (WCS) with multiple power transfer channels, this study presents an investigation into the use of magnetic integration technique and orthogonal decoupling method to design an orthogonal laminated magnetic integrated coupler with SDDD-MIOC (square, Double D (DD), and magnetic integrated overlap coils). Firstly, the concept of SDDD-MIOC is proposed to solve the key issues of the existing magnetic couplers. Then, the operating principle and design method of the proposed SDDD-MIOC are illustrated. Secondly, the coupling performance and electric characteristics of the designed magnetic integrated coupler with SDDD-MIOC are analysed in-depth. Finally, both experimental and simulation results verify that the designed magnetic integrated coupler with SDDD-MIOC helps the WCS with three power transfer channels to achieve the low component voltage or current stress, high space utilisation, good power expansion ability, and high system fault-tolerant ability.

Revealing exhumation of the central Alps during the Early Oligocene by detrital zircon U\u2013Pb age and fission-track double dating in the Taveyannaz Formation

The late Eocene-to-early Oligocene Taveyannaz Formation is a turbidite series deposited in the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin (close to the Alpine orogenic front). Double dating of zircons with the fission-track and the U–Pb methods is applied on samples from the Taveyannaz Formation to reconstruct the exhumation history of the Central-Western Alps and to understand the syn-collisional magmatism along the Periadriatic lineament. Three samples from this unit show similar detrital zircon fission-track age populations that center at: 33–40 Ma (20%); 69–92 Ma (30–40%); and 138–239 Ma (40–50%). The youngest population contains both syn-volcanic and basement grains. Combined with zircon U–Pb data, it suggests that the basement rocks of Apulian-affinity nappes (Margna Sesia, Austroalpine) were the major sources of detritus, together with the Ivrea Zone and recycled Prealpine flysch, that contributed debris to the Northern Alpine Foreland Basin. Furthermore, the rocks of the Sesia–Lanzo Zone or of equivalent units exposed at that time presumably provided the youngest basement zircon fission-track ages to the basin. The Biella volcanic suite was the source of volcanogenic zircons. Oligocene sediment pathways from source to sink crossed further crystalline basement units and sedimentary covers before entering the basin from the southeast. The lag times of the youngest basement age populations (volcanic zircons excluded) are about 11 Myr. This constrains average moderate-to-high exhumation rate of 0.5–0.6 km/Myr in the pro-side of the orogenic wedge of the Central Alps during the late Eocene to early Oligocene.

The man behind the honors Dr. P. M. MacLeod MD FRCPC FCCMG DABG.

The man behind the honors Dr. P. M. MacLeod MD FRCPC FCCMG DABG.

Experimental Evaluation of Layered DD Coil Structure in a Wireless Power Transfer System

The transfer efficiency of a wireless power transfer system (WPT) is a critical and desired property for faster dynamic charging of electric vehicles, portable electronics, and battery powered medical devices. Mutual and self-inductance are two parameters that influence performance of the coil. To achieve an increase in inductance, coils are wound with more turns, therefore, making them bigger and not being able to fit into a fixed area. In this article, we have implemented a novel layered double D (LDD) coil with configuration that is optimized to create maximum constructive flux linkage between the transmitting and receiving coils. While also increasing the effective area of its parent double D (DD) coil, LDD still maintains the same lateral area. The inductances of both LDD and DD coil were measured alongside each other. LDD gave a significant increase in inductance comparison to the DD coil. Ferrite and aluminum shielding material are introduced to the coils to determine the effect on inductance. The coils had a more consistent performance when ferrite was used as a shield. By evaluating the WPT performance of various coil configurations, it was determined that the LDD coil with ferrite shield gave the best performance, making them very suitable for next generation WPT applications.

Persistence of Grenvillian dominance in Laurentian detrital zircon age systematics explained by sedimentary recycling: Evidence from detrital zircon double dating and detrital monazite textures and geochronology

Abstract Grenvillian ages dominate Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic detrital zircon (DZ) populations across eastern Laurentia and persist through the present. The persistence of this dominance is inferred to result from recycling of DZ grains ultimately sourced from exceptionally Zr-rich and zircon-fertile Grenvillian granitoids. Pennsylvanian arenites of the Appalachian Basin (eastern United States) exhibit DZ U-Pb age distributions that are nearly identical to those of Neoproterozoic to Cambrian strata, and contain detrital diagenetic monazite grains formed via metamorphism or diagenesis of sedimentary rocks in the source region. Detrital zircon (U-Th)/He ages are mostly 475–300 Ma, yielding lag times [Δt = U-Pb age − (U-Th)/He age] of 500–1000 m.y. and 1200–2400 m.y. for Grenvillian and Paleoproterozoic to Archean DZ grains, respectively. Detrital monazite Th-Pb ages are comparable to (U-Th)/He cooling ages, reflecting formation of monazite during Paleozoic regional metamorphism of Neoproterozoic to Cambrian strata that reset the (U-Th)/He systematics of Grenvillian DZ grains within those metasediments. These results are either consistent with or prove recycling. Incorporation of other geological constraints permits definition of at least three (and potentially five) recycling events and their timing following initial post-Grenvillian exhumation and erosion (the “great Grenvillian sedimentation episode”). Recycling events include dispersal of post-Grenvillian sediment during deposition of Neoproterozoic to Cambrian strata (formation of the “Great Unconformity”: cycle 1), subsequent erosion of metamorphosed Neoproterozoic to Cambrian strata generating detritus for the Pennsylvanian arenites sampled here (cycle 2), and modern erosion of those arenites (cycle 3). Pancontinental river systems facilitated dispersal of sediment of ultimate Grenvillian age during or after each cycle.

A Dual-Layer Receiver With a Low Aspect Ratio and a Reduced Output Fluctuation for EV Dynamic Wireless Charging

A dual-layer receiver with a low aspect ratio and a low output fluctuation is proposed in this article. It is composed of three parts: full-pitch coils, mixed-pitch coils, and a flat receiver core. In EV dynamic wireless charging system, power supply rails with alternately arranged poles, such as I-type, S-type, and N-type rails, have the advantage of narrow width, but they also show the main drawback of sinusoidal output fluctuation when they are mated with conventional double D (DD) receiver coils. To solve this problem, a dual-layer receiver is proposed in this article. Through the combination of full-pitch coils and mixed-pitch coils, the output fluctuation factor can be reduced from 100% to 29%. Compared with the conventional dual-DD receiver, the proposed receiver shows the following advantages. Full-pitch and mixed-pitch coils are not required to be dislocated in space so that the aspect ratio is reduced by 20%. In this way, the problems of too large receiver size and limited installation space can be solved, and the cross coupling between the receiver coils can be eliminated as well. Based on the theoretical analysis of the working principle of the dual-layer receiver, the output voltage expression of receiver coils is derived and the basic relationship between full-pitch and mixed-pitch coils is explored. Then, the influences of the mixed-pitch coil's symmetry and vehicle chassis on the system are analyzed, and the design principle of the proposed receiver is given. In addition, the dual-layer receiver is extended to multiple receivers through multiple cascades to further reduce the output fluctuation factor. Finally, a 10-kW prototype with ac–dc efficiency of 93.2% was built for experimental verification. The experimental results were consistent with theoretical analysis and simulation results, thus proving that the proposed receiver could reduce the aspect ratio and achieve the decoupling between the receiver coils under the premise of reducing the output fluctuation.

The Wits of Widow Thoms’ Coffee-House

In 1943, ‘Hibernicus’ submitted a Query: The Widow Thoms Coffee House. – These words with the date 4 Jan. 1745/6, are written in my copy of Capt. George Carleton’s Memoirs. Was it usual for such places to keep books? Stuck on the inside of the cover is a printed slip, “Case E, Shelf 7.”1 The same volume has a gay heraldic book-plate in gold and colours, of Dauntesey, Agecroft Hall. Who was this? Was the double date in use for long before the introduction of the new style in 1752?2 A short answer to which might be: yes, John Dauntesey of Peterhouse Cambridge (a few yards south of the coffee-house) and of Agecroft Hall near Manchester, and yes. Dauntsey arrived at Cambridge a decade after the book and may have obtained it legitimately if the stock of books was renewed. Widow Thoms’ Coffee-house was probably the ‘new Coffee house’ that the young fellow commoner, Spencer Penrice, visited with the Master of Pembroke Hall in February 1737.3 Susanna Thoms, its proprietor, was first licensed to sell brandy, as some coffee-house keepers were, in 1742.4 By the middle of the century, Thoms’, or erroneously Tom’s, had become a fashionable haunt of Cambridge’s student ‘lowngers’;5 a verse of 1851 detailing the habits of The Lownger included the lines:

Design of DD Coil With High Misalignment Tolerance and Low EMF Emissions for Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Systems

In this article, a design method of the double-D (DD) coil aiming at high misalignment tolerance is proposed, and the electromagnetic field (EMF) shielding of the system is considered. Inspired by the DD coil recommended in the standard J2954 published by the Society of Automotive Engineers, the novel structures of the transmitting (Tx) coil and the receiving (Rx) coil are designed, respectively. First, the standard DD coil is introduced as a reference. Second, for the Tx coil, the parameters, such as length, width, and coverage, are investigated in detail. For the Rx coil, the coil structure overlapped in the edge is optimized. The purpose is to obtain a higher coupling coefficient at the maximum offset. Third, considering EMF emissions exceeding the limit, the structure of the central-depressed coil with E-shaped cores is proposed in the Tx coil. The EMF emissions can be reduced to less than 27 μ T at the rated output power. Finally, a 6.6–kW experimental system of which the maximum transmission efficiency is higher than 94% is set up. The experimental results prove that the proposed structure is beneficial to maintain a higher coupling coefficient against misalignment and suppress EMF emissions.

Geburtsstunde des modernen Steuerstaats in Deutschland 1919/1920

ZusammenfassungVor 100 Jahren haben die “Erzbergerschen Steuerund Finanzreformen” die öffentlichen Finanzen in Deutschland grundlegend umgestaltet. Sie zentralisierten die Finanzverfassung und modernisierten das Steuersystem umfassend. Einkommensteuer, Körperschaftsteuer und Erbschaftsteuer wurden deutschlandweit vereinheitlicht und deutlich erhöht, ferner wurden eine Vermögensabgabe eingeführt und die indirekten Steuern ausgebaut. Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Steuer- und Abgabenbelastung verdoppelte sich bis 1925. Diese Reformen prägen die Grundlagen der öffentlichen Finanzen und des Steuersystems bis heute.

Design and Performance Evaluation for a New Power Pad in Electric Vehicles Wireless Charging Systems

The introduction of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles (EVs) is a revolutionary step in the field of electrified transportation. Misalignments between transmitting and receiving power pads significantly affect the overall power transfer efficiency of an EV wireless charging system. In this article, a new power pad named “double D circular” (DDC) is designed. To evaluate the proposed DDC power pad design, its performance is compared with that of the existing circular and double D (DD) power pads by analyzing the power transfer efficiency in the wireless charging system considering different vertical and horizontal misalignments between the transmitting and receiving power pads. We use physical dimensions published in the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J2954 recommended practice for existing circular and DD power pads in the simulation software, ANSYS Maxwell 3D. The influence of ferrite plates on the performance of power pads is also evaluated in the article.

Zircon fission‐track and U–Pb double dating using femtosecond laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry: A technical note

AbstractWe present a new LA–ICP–MS system for zircon fission‐track (FT) and U–Pb double dating, whereby a femtosecond laser combined with galvanometric optics simultaneously ablates multiple spots to measure average surface U contents. The U contents of zircon measured by LA–ICP–MS and standardized with the NIST SRM610 glass are comparable to those measured by the induced FT method, and have smaller analytical errors. LA–ICP–MS FT dating of seven zircon samples including three IUGS age standards is as accurate as the external detector method, but can give a higher‐precision age depending on the counting statistics of the U content measurement. Double dating of the IUGS age standards gives FT and U–Pb ages that are in agreement. A chip of the Nancy 91500 zircon has a homogeneous U content of 84 ppm, suggesting the possibility of using this zircon as a matrix‐matched U‐standard for FT dating. When using the Nancy 91500 zircon as a U‐standard, a zeta calibration value of 42–43 year cm2 for LA–ICP–MS FT dating is obtained. While this value is strictly valid only for the particular session, it can serve as a reference for other studies.

Cancer Linked With a More Than Doubled Risk of Dying From Stroke

Cancer Linked With a More Than Doubled Risk of Dying From Stroke

Design and Interoperability Analysis of Quadruple Pad Structure for Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Application

The power pad coil design is one of the most significant traits for wireless charging of electric vehicle charging applications. The proper design of the power pad is the most critical phase of developing an efficient and reliable wireless power transfer system. Each available coil design has its advantages suitable for specific applications. In this paper, the two objective problems of optimization are discussed involving optimized design, shape, size, and optimized current directions in subsquare structures of quadruple power pad structures. The dimensional design optimized to least area with maximum coupling coefficient, and current directions with least interference between corresponding coils were verified through finite-element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS Maxwell. The results were thoroughly compared among all the cases discussed. The other aspect of this paper is the compatibility analysis of quadruple coil structure with the rectangular, double D (DD), and double D quadrature (DDQ) coil structures. Results have been compared, and the quadruple coil structure is verified as compatible with all other coil structures.