Source Database Research Articles

IoT Security Attacks on the Public Sector: Systematic Literature Review

The primary objective of this study is to examine security threats that specifically target the Internet of Things (IoT) used in the Public Sector. This sector is widely acknowledged as a crucial element of the fourth industrial revolution. The high volume of intelligent devices employed in the public sector, which are linked in the Internet of Things (IoT), and each of them transmits sensitive data in numerous instances, makes security of utmost importance. The objective of this study is to categorize various forms of security attacks and propose strategies to mitigate security breaches through many approaches. This study employed a systematic review, which is a methodical examination of current literature. The data synthesis methodology in this study consisted of comparing 15 literature sources that had been evaluated for quality and satisfied the specified criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The utilized database sources include renowned platforms such as Scopus, ACM, and IEEE. The present study employs a qualitative methodology, specifically utilizing the perspectives of two information security specialists to examine the existing literature. The findings of this study have made a meaningful contribution to the field of public sector. This study categorizes four types of assaults against Public Sector IoT: 37% Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, 31% Malware attacks, and 19% Phishing attacks. System attacks account for 13% of all system attacks. By contrast, 50% of the security attack mitigation strategies rely on authentication, 36% on Secure Communication, and 14% on Application Security.

Using Interactive Multimedia to Stimulate Early Childhood Students’ Speaking Skills: A Systematic Review

Interactive multimedia is currently a significant topic in terms of learning speaking skills. This study aims to describe the use of interactive multimedia in stimulating early childhood speaking skills based on a literature review that has been conducted. The study method used in this literature study is the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) method. Data was obtained from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases using scientific articles from reputable international journals with the Scopus Q1–Q4 index. Article searches using the title and keywords “Interactive Multimedia,” “Multimedia,” “Interactive Multimedia in Early Childhood,” or “Speaking Skills” are limited to the last ten years, starting from 2013–2023. The findings showed that the articles in the source database were 10.982 articles, and the final selected papers left 40 articles for review. The results of the study found that: a) the use of interactive multimedia in early childhood learning is dominated by Android-based interactive multimedia (50%), video (30%), and animation (20%); b) the use of interactive multimedia in stimulating early childhood speaking skills is dominated by android media (45%), video (40%), and animation (15%); c) the challenges faced when using interactive multimedia in early childhood learning are limited infrastructure and resources, and not all schools have adequate facilities for the use of technology-based learning media and a lack of teacher creativity. The contribution of this research can provide insight into the use of interactive multimedia to stimulate early childhood speaking skills effectively and efficiently. Thus, the use of interactive multimedia can be a research target in selecting interactive multimedia that is appropriate and effective for stimulating students’ speaking skills at all levels of education and on different research topics.

Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Preceptor Performance in Nursing Student Competencies

Perceptors need to be proficient in clinical teaching and assessment in reaching learning objectives while handling client caseload and delivering safe and efficient care. However, evidence to inform best practices for mentor development is limited, as is evidence regarding the efficacy of programs for the mentor role. This study aims to analyse interventions to improve preceptor performance on nursing student competencies. Methods: This study employs a systematic review, with study literature gathered from multiple electronic databases, including Pubmed, Science Direct, ProQuest, and SAGE using a PRISMA flow guidline. Data was collected by searching for research for 2019-2024 and searches were conducted until March 4, 2024. The keywords used are "Intervention" "Improve" "Preceptor" "Student Nursing Performance". Eligible studies require the use of quasi-experiments to identify interventions to improve preceptor performance in the competence of nursing students in different data base sources. Results: A total of 12 articles were analyzed because they provide information about interventions to improve preceptor performance in the competence of nursing students. Five articles on Randomized Controlled Trials, 7 articles using Quasi-experimental design. This article recommends an intervention clinical teaching on One Minute Preceptor because it is effective and can be used in a limited time. Conclusions: Overall, research shows that nursing education should improve recent graduates' readiness to achieve competence. Nurse educators should facilitate comprehensive assistance in order to enable students to acclimatise to the nursing profession’s culture before beginning their clinical education.

Increased of IL-18 levels are associated with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe presence of a polymicrobial dysbiotic film in direct and constant contact with periodontal tissues initiates the host immune response. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) triggers up-regulates the production of other proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), creating a vicious cycle that expands the inflammatory and destructive process in the periodontal tissue. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the main propose to investigate IL-18 expression in different biological samples from subjects with chronic periodontitis.MethodsThe protocol followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in Open Science Framework (OSF):https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BS9GM. A digital search was conducted in the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source databases were consulted from March 15th, 2005 to February 10th, 2023. Study quality was assessed using the JBI tool for cross-sectional studies and clinical trials. A meta-analysis was performed using a random/fixed effects model to evaluate the concentration of IL-18 in serum, plasma, saliva, gingival tissue and GCF of exposure group compared to control group.ResultsThe search strategy provided a total of 3,156 articles, of which 18 investigations met the inclusion criteria and 15 articles were quantitatively analyzed. The total number of patients studied was 1,275 (682 cases and 593 controls). The meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated IL-18 levels of serum, saliva and GCF of subjects with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects (Serum: SMD = 62.73, 95%CI: 25.43-100.03, Z = 3.29, p = 0.001*; Saliva: SMD = 243.63, 95%CI: 8.68-478.59, Z = 2.03, p = 0.042*; GCF: SMD = 150.26, 95%CI: 56.86-243.66, Z = 3.15, p = 0.02*).ConclusionIL-18 levels in serum, saliva and GCF could have the potential to be used as complementary diagnostic tools to the clinical and radiographic parameters in subjects with periodontitis.

AROMA THERAPY INTERVENTION TO IMPROVING SLEEP QUALITY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS

Background: Poor sleep quality will lead to stressful conditions which can cause the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine has the effect of increasing the oxygen demand for the myocardium. Aromatherapy is recommended as a no-side-effect, non-invasive, inexpensive and painless method to reduce anxiety and pain. improve sleep quality of cardiovascular patients. Purpose: The aim of this study is to analyze the potential of aromatherapy interventions in patients with cardiovascular disorders. Methods: The research method in this article uses a literature study approach. The articles will be selected based on the following criteria. The search sources in this article use scientific-based databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Wiley Library Online). The search starts from December 2022 using the keywords Cardiac Patients – Aromatherapy – Sleep quality. Result: Inhalation aromatherapy with peppermint or lavender essential oil can improve the sleep quality of cardiovascular patients. Inhaling aromatic oil stimulates the sense of smell affecting the central nervous system. Lavender oil can reduce fatigue, anxiety, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure, improve lung and brain oxygenation, and improve sleep quality. The use of essential oils can be a safe and cost-effective therapy for sleep disorders and can reduce the overuse of prescription medications. Implication: Lavender and peppermint essential oils have a therapeutic effect that relaxes the body. These effects can make the body feel relaxed and release hormones that can help patients sleep. However, this intervention still needs further research specifically from the aspect of dose and medium of aromatherapy.

Underestimating demographic uncertainties in the synthesis process of the IPCC

In this work, we systematically analyse the population projections used in the emissions scenario ensembles reviewed by the Working Group III in the latest three reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). We show that emissions scenarios span smaller demographic uncertainties than alternative estimates both for the world and for critical regions, such as South-East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and China. Furthermore, the range of demographic projections has consistently shrunk over subsequent reports, exposing a problematic convergence towards a single socio-economic pathway: the “middle path” or SSP2. We argue that the undersampling of population uncertainties limits the range of future emission trajectories and has implications for climate transition scenarios. Emissions scenarios with a wider set of assumptions about future population should be submitted to the IPCC. The methods utilised in this study inform the development of independent audit methods for the assessment of relevant uncertainty sources in IPCC databases.

Screening and toxicity evaluation of natural compounds as adenosine 2a and 2b receptor ligands: insights from molecular docking, dynamics, and ADMET analysis

Recent studies suggest that immunological and inflammatory responses in cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension, myocardial infarction, ischemia injury, heart failure, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis, may be affected by changes in the adenosine system. Pharmacological modulation of adenosine occurs through its receptor subtypes. In numerous preclinical studies, the activation of adenosine receptor 2A (A2AR) or the blockade of adenosine receptor 2B (A2BR) has shown promising results against cardiovascular diseases. This in silico study aimed to identify potential natural compounds that can activate A2AR or block A2BR without causing toxicity. Natural compounds were screened using COlleCtion of Open Natural ProdUcTs (COCONUT) or Natural Product Activity and Species Source Database (NPASS) databases to find agonists for A2AR or an antagonists/inverse agonists for A2BR. These compounds were then pre-filtered based on their toxicity profiles. The remaining compounds were subjected to molecular docking against A2AR and A2BR followed by molecular dynamics simulations were conducted. Finally, selected compounds’ ADMET properties were determined using ADMETlab 2.0 web tool. Ultimately, one novel natural compound with potential agonistic activity (COCONUT IDs: CNP0450901) for A2AR and one antagonist/inverse agonist (rauwolscine) for A2BR were identified.

Advancing Source Tracking: Systematic Review and Source-Specific Genome Database Curation of Fecally Shed Prokaryotes.

Advancements within fecal source tracking (FST) studies are complicated by a lack of knowledge regarding the genetic content and distribution of fecally shed microbial populations. To address this gap, we performed a systematic literature review and curated a large collection of genomes (n = 26,018) representing fecally shed prokaryotic species across broad and narrow source categories commonly implicated in FST studies of recreational waters (i.e., cats, dogs, cows, seagulls, chickens, pigs, birds, ruminants, human feces, and wastewater). We find that across these sources the total number of prokaryotic genomes recovered from materials meeting our initial inclusion criteria varied substantially across fecal sources: from none in seagulls to 9,085 in pigs. We examined genome sequences recovered from these metagenomic and isolation-based studies extensively via comparative genomic approaches to characterize trends across source categories and produce a finalized genome database for each source category which is available online (n = 12,730). On average, 81% of the genomes representing species-level populations occur only within a single source. Using fecal slurries to test the performance of each source database, we report read capture rates that vary with fecal source alpha diversity and database size. We expect this resource to be useful to FST-related objectives, One Health research, and sanitation efforts globally.

The Effect of Economic Status and Mother’s Knowledge in Stunting Cases: A Systematic Review

Background: A reduction in the incidence of stunting has been reported globally over the past few decades. However, stunting remains a big problem for developing countries. The purpose of this research was to review in-depth The Role of Social Economy, Knowledge, behaviour, and stunting in Stunting Cases.Narrative studies with scientific journal database sources published in PubMed, Proquest, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used. The keywords used in the search were Social economy, Knowledge, behaviour, and stunting. The search included research published within the last five years, that is, 2018-2022. A total of 144 articles were found according to the search titles, and 11 articles were selected for review. After the article was obtained, it was tabulated in an Excel table.The findings show that the family economy will support children's nutritional intake and needs so that children are not underweight during this period of growth and development. A good family economy can support childcare patterns, and healthy home settlements so they can access clean water. The family economy plays a role in overcoming the large number of children and preventing early marriages. Parents' knowledge will influence the mother's attitude in caring for and caring for children from birth to adolescence. This knowledge is closely related to the practice of exclusive breastfeeding, traditional food nutrition, the management of food hygiene, the diversity of children's diets, the nutritional value of food including the fulfilment of certain nutrients both micro and macro and education about stunting.Economic status has a very important impact on stunting prevention because it will affect other aspects related to stunting. Not only that, all the research that has been reviewed shows that the educational level of parents will affect attitudes about how to care for their children.

The Implementation of Progressivism Philosophy Based on Educational Entities in Indonesia

In order to improve the quality of human resources, education entities in Indonesia implement an education system that includes elementary, middle, and high levels. One philosophical approach widely used in educational entities in Indonesia is the progressivism philosophical model. This research aims to determine the implementation of the progressivism philosophy in education in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative methods with two approaches: descriptive and literature study. Data is obtained randomly from various database sources—data disbursement using keywords related to the research theme. Next, data analysis was carried out descriptively by grouping it based on educational entities. The results of this research show that the philosophy of progressivism has been applied to various educational entities in Indonesia: Early Childhood Education (PAUD), Elementary Schools, Government, Formal Education Institutions, Madrasas, and Islamic Community Organizations. The results of this research have contributed to the insight that future research needs to be carried out regarding applying the philosophy of progressivism to non-formal education entities. Entities that wish to apply the philosophy of progressivism to their entities must pay attention to the implementation carried out by various entities in Indonesia.

Salt, clay, and society: Towards a reconstruction of salt-making chaînes opératoires in the Bronze and Early Iron Age in the Kraków–Wieliczka salt-bearing region

Abstract The progress of field research and studies of archaeological sites from southern Poland (Małopolska) and experimental activities related to salt-making in the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age in the last two decades have created conditions for attempting to recreate the chaîne opératoire of this branch of prehistoric production. The use of ceramic containers for evaporating brine and drying and portioning salt means that we are dealing with two operational sequences (production of ceramics and salt) intertwined at some stage – from obtaining raw materials (clay and brine) to the distribution of transportable product and discarding of disposable containers. We conducted multi-aspect studies on the characteristics of materials related to each stage, including their spatial location, based on all available material from western Małopolska, in particular several large-scale benchmark sites (Podłęże 17, Brzezie 17 and Kraków-Bieżanów 11). This allowed us to identify certain differences in production sites. A comprehensive review of the source database also allowed us to establish a rather limited scope of both the degree of craft specialisation of the brewers and the scale of the centre’s influence. Nevertheless, in some periods, as in the beginning of the Urnfield period, this centre gained supra-regional importance, as evidenced by, among others, certificates of weight standardization of finished products.

Literature Review: Ekosistem Lamun sebagai Bioindikator Pencemaran Lingkungan Pesisir

Seagrass ecosystems are among the ecosystems found in coastal areas. Seagrass beds consist of one or more seagrass species interacting with biotic and abiotic factors in their environment. The objective of this study is to describe the potential of seagrass ecosystems as bioindicators of coastal environmental pollution. The method used in writing this article is a literature review. Articles were collected through literature searches using selected sources (databases) such as Google Scholar. The search covered journal articles published from 2013 to 2023. The research results show that seagrass species are highly diverse along coastal waters. Several seagrass species have been detailed in the study findings. Furthermore, seagrasses have potential as bioindicators of environmental pollution, particularly in assessing the water quality of coastal areas. For instance, seagrasses serve as bioaccumulators of heavy metals such as Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn in aquatic environments.

CREdb: A comprehensive database of Cis-Regulatory Elements and their activity in human cells and tissues

BackgroundCis-regulatory elements (CREs) play a pivotal role in gene expression regulation, allowing cells to serve diverse functions and respond to external stimuli. Understanding CREs is essential for personalized medicine and disease research, as an increasing number of genetic variants associated with phenotypes and diseases overlap with CREs. However, existing databases often focus on subsets of regulatory elements and present each identified instance of element individually, confounding the effort to obtain a comprehensive view. To address this gap, we have created CREdb, a comprehensive database with over 10 million human regulatory elements across 1,058 cell types and 315 tissues harmonized from different data sources. We curated and aligned the cell types and tissues to standard ontologies for efficient data query.ResultsData from 11 sources were curated and mapped to standard ontological terms. 11,223,434 combined elements are present in the final database, and these were merged into 5,666,240 consensus elements representing the combined ranges of the individual elements informed by their overlap. Each consensus element contains curated metadata including the number of elements supporting it and a hash linking to the source databases. The inferred activity of each consensus element in various cell-type and tissue context is also provided. Examples presented here show the potential utility of CREdb in annotating non-coding genetic variants and informing chromatin accessibility profiling analysis.ConclusionsWe developed CREdb, a comprehensive database of CREs, to simplify the analysis of CREs by providing a unified framework for researchers. CREdb compiles consensus ranges for each element by integrating the information from all instances identified across various source databases. This unified database facilitates the functional annotation of non-coding genetic variants and complements chromatin accessibility profiling analysis. CREdb will serve as an important resource in expanding our knowledge of the epigenome and its role in human diseases.

Global incidence and characteristics of spinal cord injury since 2000–2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThis study employs systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the incidence and characteristics of spinal cord injury (SCI) between 2000 and 2021, aiming to provide the most recent and comprehensive data support for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care of SCI.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted on epidemiological studies of SCI published between January 1, 2000, and March 29, 2024. Meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, meta-regression, publication bias detection, and literature quality assessment were extensively utilized.ResultsThe pooled results from 229 studies indicated that the overall incidence rate of SCI was 23.77 (95% CI, 21.50–26.15) per million people, with traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI) at a rate of 26.48 (95% CI, 24.15–28.93) per million people, and non-traumatic spinal cord injuries (NTSCI) at a rate of 17.93 (95% CI, 13.30-23.26) per million people. The incidence of TSCI exhibited a marked age-related increase and was significantly higher in community settings compared to hospital and database sources. Males experienced TSCI at a rate 3.2 times higher than females. Between 2000 and 2021, the incidence of TSCI remained consistently high, between 20 and 45 per million people, whereas NTSCI incidence has seen a steady rise since 2007, stabilizing at a high rate of 25–35 per million people. Additionally, the incidence of TSCI in developing countries was notably higher than that in developed countries. There were significant differences in the causes of injury, severity, injury segments, gender, and age distribution among the TSCI and NTSCI populations, but the proportion of male patients was much higher than that of female patients. Moreover, study quality, country type, and SCI type contributed to the heterogeneity in the meta-analysis.ConclusionsThe incidence rates of different types of SCI remain high, and the demographic distribution of SCI patients is changing, indicating a serious disease burden on healthcare systems and affected populations. These findings underscore the necessity of adopting targeted preventive, therapeutic, and rehabilitative measures based on the incidence and characteristics of SCI.

Effectiveness of Music Therapy as an Intervention in Patients with Hypertension: A Literature Review

Hypertension is a medical condition often associated with high blood pressure, and if not properly managed can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Although pharmacological treatment has become the standard in managing hypertension, non-pharmacological therapies such as music therapy can be used as a non-pharmacological approach that has the potential to strengthen the management of this disease. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of music therapy as an intervention in hypertensive patients. The conceptual framework used is by collecting some literature that discusses the same topic by looking at research abstracts. There are 3 database sources used to search for literature, namely Proquest, Science Direct, clinicallkey and Wiley journals. Music therapy is one of the alternative therapies or non-pharmacological therapies that can be used as hypertension therapy. This music therapy can be a guideline and recommendation for nurses to apply to patients with hypertension, besides that, people with hypertension can use music therapy independently.

Nutrient dataset development via FAO/INFOODS approach for infant nutritional survey in rural Matiari, Pakistan

To accurately evaluate dietary intake, multiple resources are necessary, including serving-size modules, pictures, and questionnaires that are used to gather information during surveys. One critical component is the accessibility of food composition data at the national or regional level, which is required to determine dietary intake. Food Agriculture Organization/International Network of Food Data Systems (FAO/INFOODs) tools are useful for developing high-quality food composition data. We used these tools to create a nutrient dataset for a nutritional survey in Matiari, Sindh, and to collect dietary information through a 24-hour food recall questionnaire. The survey results indicated 540 distinct types of foods, including 291 ready-to-eat items, 84 foods used as ingredients in recipes, and 164 various composite and mixed recipes. Most food items corresponded to the national and regional Food Composition Tables (FCTs) and the Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS) of the USDA, with the exception of recipe food data. We utilized Eurofir-recipe calculation methods to compute the recipe data. The data were homogenized and standardized utilizing EFSA and Langual™. Because of the obsolescence and inadequacy of Pakistan's food composition table in assessing essential nutrients, we had to source data from various other sources. Consequently, to establish the nutrient dataset, we incorporated approximately 25 % of user data from national sources, with recipe data comprising 46 % and less than 20 % extracted from regional, U.S database, and diverse online sources. This study is the first effort in which we gathered data from reliable sources representing local eating patterns, with some exceptions. Future studies will hugely benefit from this database, especially as we face a high prevalence of undernutrition in our part of the world.

PLANT RAW MATERIAL AS A SOURCE OF METABOLITES FOR WOUND HEALING AND ANTI-SCARRING PRODUCT

Cosmeceutical products based on plant raw materials have a complex effect, are available, and low-toxic. The creation of new natural products for wound healing without tissue scarring is topical. For this, the secondary metabolites of the plant must demonstrate antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, and have low cytotoxicity. Aim. To conduct an analysis of literary sources in electronic databases, regarding products on the market with a wound healing effect and plant raw materials that would have a therapeutic effect on wound healing without the formation of scars. Results. The characteristics of four types of scars are described. Plants and secondary metabolites are listed according to their action: antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, collagenstimulating, and anti-scarring. Lupeol, allicin, and cinnamaldehyde show antibacterial effect; quercetin, resveratrol, luteolin, naringenin, gallic acid, and curcumin show antioxidant effect; asiatic acid, pinocembrin, and myricetin show anti-inflammatory effect. Cryptotanshinone, bexarotene, taspine, sesamol, and astragaloside IV contribute to the deposition of fresh collagen in the wound. On the Ukrainian market, there are natural wound healing products in the form of a balm, cream, and gel. They include vegetable oils, essential oils, extracts of Thymus L., Arnica montana, Inula helenium, Aloe vera, Matricaria chamomilla, etc. Wound healing medicinal products of a chemical nature occupy a large part of the Ukrainian market, among them the products with dexapentanol predominate. The use of the cell culture method as an alternative source of plant raw materials for wound and scar treatment is perspective. The biotechnological method helps preserve biodiversity and obtain chemically pure plant raw materials regardless of environmental conditions. Conclusions. The study demonstrates the possibilities of using plant raw materials to create new cosmeceuticals with wound healing and anti-scaring effects for use in combined therapy.

Mendelian randomization as a cornerstone of causal inference for gut microbiota and related diseases from the perspective of bibliometrics.

Gut microbiota, a special group of microbiotas in the human body, contributes to health in a way that can't be ignored. In recent years, Mendelian randomization, which is a widely used and successful method of analyzing causality, has been investigated for the relationship between the gut microbiota and related diseases. Unfortunately, there seems to be a shortage of systematic bibliometric analysis in this field. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the research progress of Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota through comprehensive bibliometric analysis. In this study, publications about Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota were gathered from 2013 to 2023, utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection as our literature source database. The search strategies were as follows: TS = (intestinal flora OR gut flora OR intestinal microflora OR gut microflora OR intestinal microbiota OR gut microbiota OR bowel microbiota OR bowel flora OR gut bacteria OR intestinal tract bacteria OR bowel bacteria OR gut metabolites OR gut microbiota) and TS = (Mendelian randomization). VOSviewer (version 1.6.18), CiteSpace (version 6.1.R1), Microsoft Excel 2021, and Scimago Graphica were employed for bibliometric and visualization analysis. According to research, from January 2013 to August 2023, 154 publications on Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota were written by 1053 authors hailing from 332 institutions across 31 countries and published in 86 journals. China had the highest number of publications, with 109. Frontiers in Microbiology is the most prolific journal, and Lei Zhang has published the highest number of significant articles. The most popular keywords were "Mendelian randomization," "gut microbiota," "instruments," "association," "causality," "gut microbiome," "risk," "bias," "genome-wide association," and "causal relationship." Moreover, the current research hotspots in this field focus on utilizing a 2-sample Mendelian randomization to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and associated disorders. This research systematically reveals a comprehensive overview of the literature that has been published over the last 10 years about Mendelian randomization for gut microbiota. Moreover, the knowledge of key information in the field from a bibliometric perspective may greatly facilitate future research in the field.

Effect of different feed on nutritional content of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens): A systematic review and meta-analysis

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) or BSF is commonly used in food industry as a meat substitute to reduce food waste and environmental pollution. It could grow effectively using organic material such as manure and food waste. In this study, a comparison of the nutritional content of BSF fed with manure and food waste will be determined by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. The information about protein, fat, carbohydrate, ash, and calcium content of manure or food waste fed BSF from various scientific database sources was analyzed and discussed. There were 720 literatures selected to be included in the meta-analysis dataset, with the main selection criteria: original research articles published in the last ten years with nutritional data on manure and food waste fed BSF. From the literature screening process, 8 articles were obtained and included in the meta-analysis. Based on meta-analysis, it was found that the food waste fed BSF group has approximately 16% higher protein content, 33% higher fat content, but 59% lower ash content if compared to manure fed BSF group. However, the use of food waste as BSF feed did not give a significant effect on BSF carbohydrate and calcium content when compared to manure fed BSF.

Mapping the evidence on integrated service delivery for non-communicable and infectious disease comorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a scoping review

IntroductionThe concurrent occurrence of infectious diseases (IDs) and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) presents complex healthcare challenges in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where healthcare systems often grapple with limited resources. While an integrated...