Predicting daily pain fluctuations in fibromyalgia: The role of mental distress and sleep heart-rate.

Analysis of physiological-biochemical index regulation in Chardonnay grape leaf phototaxis and gene hub module mining.

In late July of 2016, a temperature mooring deployed north of Dongsha Atoll has recorded the enhancement of nonlinear internal waves (NIWs) associated with regionally environmental variability. Observations revealed large daily temperature fluctuations of 10–14 °C at depths of 80–100 m, with peak variations occurring after spring tides and showing an increasing trend, indicative of intensified NIW activity. This study investigates the uncertainties regarding the influence of river flux, precipitation, and other environmental factors on the short-term intensification of NIWs. Through the analysis of multiple independent oceanic and atmospheric datasets, we identified significant variations in zonal oceanic currents and the advection of low-salinity water discharged from the Pearl River to the Dongsha mooring (DSM), which enhanced in situ stratification. The analysis of buoyancy frequency squared (N2) indicates favorable conditions for westward NIW propagation from DSM toward the Pearl River Estuary. These findings highlight the critical role of river flux in shaping NIW dynamics by creating a pathway that enhances the concentration and propagation of NIWs. Given the rising frequency of extreme summer precipitation events associated with global warming and climate change, this study suggests an increased likelihood of NIWs in the northern South China Sea directly reaching the southeastern mainland coast from the Luzon Strait.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-20724-0.

Fibrous dysplasia/McCune-Albright (FD/MAS) syndrome is a rare bone disorder with a broad clinical manifestation. Pain is the most frequently reported complaint and can significantly impair quality of life. While most existing data are cross-sectional, little is known about symptom progression over time. This study aimed to assess changes in pain and QoL over 2years follow-up. Patients in the PROFID study completed yearly questionnaires aligned with check-ups or independently if check-ups were less frequent. At baseline, 143 (85.6%) reported pain, of which 38 (26.6%) mild, 105 (73.4%) moderate/severe pain, and 24 (14.4%) had no pain. Emotional wellbeing and energy/fatigue were the most affected in the SF-36 domains. Patients viewed their disease as chronic, with moderate daily fluctuation and impact showed that active and palliative coping were the most frequently used coping mechanism. After 2years, 27.4% of those with no or mild pain at baseline reported a significant increase in pain (1.3-5.0, p < 0.001), while scores in the moderate/severe group remained stable (6.6-6.3, p = 0.5). Emotional wellbeing improved significantly (37.6-55.5, p < 0.001). Patients with moderate/severe pain reported increased disease control, whereas those with no/mild pain felt less control (p = 0.01). Higher pain scores correlated with poorer physical (r = - 0.627), social (r = - 0.541), and general health (r = - 0.452), worse illness perceptions (e.g., illness identity r = 0.3), and greater palliative coping (r = 0.4), all p < 0.05. These findings emphasize the need to address both physical and psychological aspects of FD/MAS.

This study examines the relationship between weather conditions and stock market performance in the Philippines, a tropical country characterized by high temperature variability and an active financial market. The research addresses a gap in local empirical studies exploring whether daily temperature fluctuations affect market behavior. Using a quantitative correlational design, the study analyzed annual data from 2014 to 2023 on minimum and maximum temperatures (sourced from PAGASA) and Philippine Stock Exchange Index (PSEi) values (sourced from Yahoo Finance). The data were analyzed using SPSS, employing the Pearson correlation coefficient with a significance level of 0.05. Results revealed a weak positive correlation between maximum temperature and stock prices (r = 0.35, p = 0.3261) and a moderate negative correlation between minimum temperature and stock prices (r = –0.47, p = 0.1664), both of which were statistically insignificant. These findings suggest that temperature variations do not meaningfully predict stock market movements in the Philippine context. The study concludes that market fluctuations are primarily driven by macroeconomic and global factors rather than weather-related sentiment. It recommends that investors rely on technical and fundamental analyses instead of climate-based speculation.

This study presents a methodology for assessing the technical condition of district heating pipelines under high wear, variable thermal loads, and limited modernization resources. Emphasis is placed on installation defects, cyclic temperature and pressure fluctuations, and corrosion-induced degradation. A case study of a return water pipeline in Kremenchuk, featuring a 3° installation misalignment and 10 cm flange displacement, demonstrated stresses of 220–250 MPa, exceeding the steel’s yield strength in critical zones. Real operational conditions, including daily temperature fluctuations and load variations, were incorporated into the modeling to ensure accuracy. The approach enables prioritization of reconstruction zones, supports data-driven decision-making, and enhances the long-term operational efficiency of district heating networks under constrained budgets.

Enteric methane emissions from ruminants are a major environmental concern, and the use of Asparagopsis taxiformis has been proposed as a mitigation strategy. However, its effects on dry matter intake (DMI) and overall animal performance require further investigation. This study evaluated the impact of Brominata® pellets, a high-bromoform, low-iodine Asparagopsis taxiformis product, on the DMI, digestibility, milk production and composition, and feed efficiency of lactating Holstein cows. Twelve lactating Holstein cows (254 ± 54.2 days in milk) were assigned to one of two treatments: a control pellet or the Brominata® pellet. The study lasted 23 days, including a 7-day adaptation period, an 8-day ramp-up phase, and 8 days of full-dose feeding (0.25% DM). Cows were housed individually and provided with a total mixed ration and water. DMI was measured daily, and sorting behavior was assessed to determine if there was particle selection against the pellet. Milk yield was recorded electronically, and milk samples were collected during the last three days and analyzed for composition. Digestibility was evaluated using spot fecal collection during the last three days of trial. Data were analyzed using a randomized block design, with repeated measures applied where appropriate. Results indicated no significant differences in DMI, milk yield, or feed efficiency between treatments. Daily intake fluctuations were observed but were consistent across treatments, suggesting that environmental or random farm effects influenced intake rather than the inclusion of Brominata®. Sorting analysis showed no evidence of cows selectively avoiding or preferring the Brominata® pellets, indicating good palatability. Digestibility analyses revealed a significant reduction in fat digestibility in cows fed Brominata® (P = 0.046). Despite a reduction in fat digestibility, milk composition, including fat, protein, lactose, and solids non-fat, remained unaffected. In conclusion, including Brominata® pellets in the diet of lactating Holstein cows demonstrates no compromising effects on intake, milk production and composition, or feeding behavior.

This study presents a comprehensive field measurement investigation into the thermal and moisture performance of a modified rammed earth (MRE) under the dynamic climatic conditions of Northern Shanxi, China. The research focuses on analyzing the coupled heat and moisture transfer processes through the 0.37-meter-thick wall during distinct summer and winter periods. Key performance indicators, including the time lag (TL) and attenuation factor (DF) for thermal performance, and moisture flux for hygric performance, were directly calculated from the field data. The results demonstrate exceptional thermal buffering, with an average DF of 0.12 in summer and 0.15 in winter, and a long TL averaging 9 hours in summer and 8.6 hours in winter. Consequently, the indoor environment remained highly stable, with average daily temperature fluctuations of only 2.80°C in summer and 2.68°C in winter, and relative humidity maintained within the comfortable 40%–60% range for most of the time. The wall exhibited a continuous outward moisture release, which decreased over time as the structure dried. This study provides robust empirical evidence of the MRE wall's outstanding thermal storage, insulation, and humidity regulation capabilities, effectively resisting external fluctuations and creating a stable, comfortable indoor climate. The dataset serves as a critical benchmark for validating coupled heat and moisture transfer models in building envelopes.

ABSTRACT Background Ecological momentary assessments (EMA) have recently enabled the examination of near-term associations between interpersonal stressors and suicide risk. Yet, studies have typically considered the impact of negative relationship events (NREs) on subsequent suicidal ideation (SI) (i.e., stress exposure), with little research examining the impact of SI on subsequent NREs (i.e., stress generation). The present study examined next-day bidirectional associations between NREs and SI, as well as between NREs and interpersonal constructs linked to SI (thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness). Method Young adults (N = 102; Ages 18–25 (M = 20.9); 67% cisgender women; 75% White) completed EMAs for 2 months following an emergency department visit for suicide risk-related concerns. Results In multi-level models testing bidirectional relationships with next-day outcomes, within-person main effects were not detected, in either direction, for the constructs under consideration. However, between-person associations were present for NREs and perceived burdensomeness, wherein individuals who generally experience greater burdensomeness endured more daily NREs and those with more NREs reported higher daily-level burdensomeness. Conclusions Results did not suggest that daily fluctuations in SI or NREs correspond to next-day outcomes in this high-risk group. However, person-level differences suggest chronic stressors play a significant role in day-to-day experiences.

Global warming influences organisms through direct and indirect effects on abiotic and biotic factors, such as temperature and food availability. This study examines how developmental diet and thermal regime influence fitness and thermal tolerance in Drosophila buzzatii, a cactophilic fly with a broad thermal tolerance, and a model organism in evolutionary ecology. Using a factorial design, we reared flies at 10 °C and 25 °C, with and without daily thermal fluctuations, on two natural cactus-based diets and a standard lab diet. We measured viability, development time, wing length, ovariole number, chill coma recovery time and fatty acid composition. We found synergistic effects between cactus diet and thermal daily fluctuations, overcoming the complete loss of viability observed at 10 °C and mitigating the negative effects shown at 25 °C. In addition, flies reared at a low fluctuating temperature had greater cold tolerance and a higher unsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratio, supporting the homeoviscous adaptation hypothesis. These findings suggest D. buzzatii may overwinter as larvae and pupae in temperate areas and highlight the importance of diet-thermal interactions in shaping insect responses to climate change.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-25689-8.

Pain and Fatigue Interrelations in Terminally Ill Inpatients: A PCOC-Based Analysis.

ABSTRACTMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can result in persistent cognitive deficits (particularly in attention, processing speed, and working memory), even years after the injury. The majority of behavioural studies have focussed on averaged cognitive performance scores, such as average reaction time or accuracy scores after mTBI. However, less is understood about how mTBI affects intraindividual variability (IIV) in cognitive performance across repeated sessions or measurement occasions over time. In this study, we investigate IIV in cognitive performance in chronic mTBI patients (n = 11) relative to healthy controls (n = 22). Participants underwent a single behavioural testing session (incorporating the Rivermead Post‐Concussion Symptom Questionnaire and a computerised processing speed task) and a multi‐shell diffusion MRI scan. This was followed by a 30‐day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) protocol using a smartphone app which measured symptoms and cognitive performance on a daily basis. Our results revealed that mTBI patients exhibited higher IIV than controls in both single‐session trial‐by‐trial and daily EMA measures. Higher daily IIV in cognitive performance coincided with higher daily fluctuations in post‐concussive symptoms. Additionally, mTBI patients showed reduced white matter organization, as indexed by fixel‐wise fibre density and fibre density cross‐section, in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus‐II compared to controls. Finally, trial‐by‐trial IIV was positively associated with white matter alterations in the SLF‐II in mTBI. Our findings suggest that mTBI results in dynamic performance deficits that persist into the chronic phase of injury. In addition, the white matter organization of a major fronto‐parietal tract seems to play an important role in supporting the consistency of cognitive performance over time, highlighting its potential as a biomarker for understanding cognitive dynamics in healthy adults and clinical populations.

BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is highly prevalent in Singapore, yet glycemic control remains suboptimal in primary care. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) offers real-time feedback that may improve self-management, but adoption in Asian primary care settings is limited by cost and system integration challenges. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and perceived impact of CGM implementation in Singapore’s public primary care clinics using a convergent mixed-methods design.MethodsA CGM pilot program was conducted across five public polyclinics. We studied a purposive sample of 12 adults with T2D and 10 primary care providers. Patients used CGM sensors for two cycles over a three- to six-month period. Quantitative surveys assessed usability, satisfaction, and perceived outcomes. Semi-structured interviews with patients and providers explored user experiences and implementation barriers. Data were analysed independently and then integrated for a comprehensive assessment.ResultsAmong the study participants, over 80% of patients found the CGM device easy to use, comfortable, and useful in understanding daily glucose fluctuations. Real-time feedback prompted immediate behaviour changes, 83% reported healthier diets and more frequent glucose monitoring, and 67% felt more confident managing diabetes. Providers unanimously reported that CGM improved clinical decision-making and enhanced patient engagement, enabling more timely and tailored treatment adjustments. Key barriers identified included cost (only 58% of patients were willing to pay out-of-pocket; 89% of providers cited funding concerns), added workload for data interpretation and patient education, and difficulties integrating CGM data into existing workflows. Nonetheless, 67% of patients expressed willingness to reuse CGM if affordable, and providers endorsed its clinical value.ConclusionCGM use in Singapore’s public primary care was feasible and acceptable, supporting individualized diabetes care. Broader adoption will require addressing cost, IT integration, and provider support to realize CGM’s full potential in routine T2D management.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-025-03001-x.

Abstract Destination management organisations (DMO) increasingly face the challenge of managing visitor flows due to overtourism problems, critical attitudes of local residents and stakeholders towards tourism but also aspirations for more sustainability in tourism. Effective, applicable evidence-based visitor management requires data from visitor monitoring, which in Germany is currently mostly limited to large-scale protected areas with some destinations setting up first approaches. Therefore, we demonstrate how established monitoring approaches from protected areas can be successfully transferred to less strictly protected settings including the spheres of DMOs. We advocate for a cooperative joint approach between DMOs and protected area actors to enable evidence-based visitor governance. As a showcase, we use Lake Schrecksee in the Nature Conservation Area Allgäuer Hochalpen, Germany, a site notorious for overtourism complaints during the Covid-19-pandemic. Based on four years of automated visitor counting and two standardized online visitor surveys (n=232 each), a low threshold yet robust monitoring approach is introduced. Results reveal pronounced seasonal and weather-related peaks in visitation (culminating at almost 25,000 visits in 2021), with 62.3 % of daily fluctuations explained by key variables in time-series regression modelling. The survey results illustrate information about visitor structure, motivation, satisfaction, crowding perception, knowledge about and affinity for protected areas. Based on the literature, our results and experiences at the Schrecksee we derive a list of practical recommendations for DMO managers and actors responsible for protected areas to set up visitor monitoring approaches beyond large-scale and strictly protected areas.

The aim of this experiment was to determine whether reticulorumen temperature (ReT), rumination, activity or pH captured by a rumen sensor bolus system (smaXtec animal care GmbH, Graz, Austria) can be used as an early indicator of heat load (HL) and to assess how its daily patterns are influenced by diurnal effects. Physiological and behavioral data from 70 male feedlot cattle (Uckermärker, Hereford, Simmentaler) housed in a closed barn were investigated using the calculated temperature-humidity index (THI) from remote HOBO Onset climate sensors over a period of 210 days. Using time series analysis and seasonal ARIMA modeling, it was found that ReT followed the same patterns throughout days with a THI < 74 as well as days under heat load conditions. Time series and correlation analyses were also performed for the rumen pH, rumination index and activity index. The collective mean ReT over the winter days assessed (n = 14,971) was 39.48 °C, with a minimum mean of 38.31 °C and a maximum mean of 40.69 °C. In comparison, the collective mean ReT over the summer days assessed (n = 14,030) was 39.53 °C, with a minimum mean of 38.39 °C and a maximum mean of 42.02 °C. Pearson’s correlation did not reveal a relationship between THI and ReT (r = −0.06; p < 0.001) and only minimally for rumination (r = −0.11; p < 0.001). Rumination clearly decreased with increasing ambient temperature in comparison to days with a THI < 74. A long-term effect is also visible when the monthly mean rumination from all bulls tends to decrease slightly from February to May and then increases beginning in June. The mean pH values decreased throughout the summer months. Nevertheless, the comparison between daily fluctuations in pH values under HL failed to yield significant deviations from those captured on days of winter. The Pearson correlation for rumen pH showed a weak negative linear relationship with THI (r = −0.3; p < 0.001). The monthly means of the motion activity index could also not verify that HL led to increasing activity (Pearson correlation for motion activity and THI: r = 0.04; p < 0.001). The heat load had no visible short-term effects on the ReT or rumen pH, but rumination and peak motion activity were reduced on days with high ambient temperatures.

Long-term potentiation (LTP), the best-characterized form of Hebbian synaptic plasticity, is well known to be under strong circadian regulation. In mice and rats, both nocturnal species, most studies indicate that LTP in the hippocampal CA1 region is more robust when induced during the dark phase. Our examination of the underlying mechanisms at the CA3 to CA1 synapse provides evidence that the capacity to express LTP does not differ between the light and dark cycles of the 24-hour day. Instead, the magnitude of theta-burst stimulation-induced LTP (TBS-LTP) correlates with daily fluctuations in the ratio of synaptic excitation to inhibition (E/I ratio): both the E/I ratio and TBS-LTP are higher during the dark phase. Consistent with a causal relationship, blockade of inhibition abolishes the light-dark difference in TBS-LTP induction, likewise, pairing-induced LTP, which is less constrained by inhibitory recruitment, does not differ between cycles. Supporting this model, using the APP/PS1 model of AD we observed that neither the E/I ratio nor TBS-LTP change during the light cycle. Finally, we made the intriguing observation that these daily oscillations reverse direction after puberty in WT mice, shifting from being larger in the dark cycle of 2-month-old mice to being larger in the light cycle in 8-month-old mice. This developmental switch may reflect an age-dependent reorganization of circadian control over hippocampal plasticity.

Knowledge about how day-to-day variations in sleep affect cognitive performance in real-world contexts is currently limited. This study investigated how daily fluctuations in sleep duration, efficiency and quality affect next-day processing speed, and tested whether these associations differ between young and older adults. 158 young (18-30years) and 168 older adults (55-75years) participated in a 21-day intensive longitudinal design. Sleep duration and efficiency were measured using actigraphy, while sleep quality was assessed via sleep diaries. Processing speed was measured using a 60s smartphone-based Digit Symbol Substitution Task, administered up to 8 times per day. Multilevel mixed models tested the within-and between-person effects of sleep duration, sleep efficiency and sleep quality, as well as the effect of age group on processing speed. Within-person, a sleep duration shorter than their own average (p<.001), and a sleep quality poorer than their own average (p<.05) predicted poorer next-day performance. Between-person differences in sleep duration, sleep efficiency and sleep quality were not significantly associated with processing speed. Older adults showed worse performance than young adults (p<.001), but the effect of daily sleep fluctuations on performance did not significantly vary between age groups. Daily fluctuations in sleep duration and sleep quality are linked to processing speed in young and older adults in real-world contexts. Results suggest that within-person, day-to-day variations in sleep may be more important than between-person differences. Maintaining an adequate sleep duration each day may help prevent cognitive impairments in daily functioning across age groups.

The large-scale integration of coordinated offshore wind and offshore photovoltaic (PV) generation introduces pronounced power fluctuations due to the intrinsic randomness and intermittency of renewable energy sources (RESs). These fluctuations pose significant challenges to the secure, stable, and economical operation of modern power systems. To address this issue, this study proposes a hybrid energy storage system (HESS)-based optimization framework that simultaneously enhances fluctuation suppression performance, optimizes storage capacity allocation, and improves life-cycle economic efficiency. First, a K-means fuzzy clustering algorithm is employed to analyze historical RES power data, extracting representative daily fluctuation profiles to serve as accurate inputs for optimization. Second, the time-varying filter empirical mode decomposition (TVF-EMD) technique is applied to adaptively decompose the net power fluctuations. High-frequency components are allocated to a flywheel energy storage system (FESS), valued for its high power density, rapid response, and long cycle life, while low-frequency components are assigned to a battery energy storage system (BESS), characterized by high energy density and cost-effectiveness. This decomposition–allocation strategy fully exploits the complementary characteristics of different storage technologies. Simulation results for an integrated offshore wind–PV generation scenario demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces the fluctuation rate of RES power output while maintaining favorable economic performance. The approach achieves unified optimization of HESS sizing, fluctuation mitigation, and life-cycle cost, offering a viable reference for the planning and operation of large-scale offshore hybrid renewable plants.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermocycling and Saudi coffee staining on the fracture forces and failure types of four computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) ceramic materials. Ninety-six specimens were prepared from four CAD/CAM ceramics (n = 24 specimens per material): Vitablocs Mark II (feldspathic), Ceramill Zolid PS (zirconia), Vita Suprinity (zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate), and IPS e.max CAD (lithium disilicate). For each material, specimens were allocated equally into two subgroups (n = 12) according to thermocycling exposure: with thermocycling (n = 12) and without thermocycling (n = 12). All specimens underwent 2-month Saudi coffee immersion; thermocycled subgroups were subsequently subjected to 15,000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C. Fracture strength (N) was measured using a universal testing machine, and failure types were classified under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis used Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Fisher's exact tests (p < 0.05). Zirconia exhibited the highest fracture forces in both conditions (768.06 N with thermocycling; 766.53 N without thermocycling), whereas Vitablocs Mark II showed the lowest (331.69 N with thermocycling; 341.28 N without). No significant differences between both conditions were observed for any ceramic type (all p > 0.05). For failure types, significant differences were detected among ceramic types in both conditions (p < 0.001). Reparable failure (type I) dominated in zirconia (66.7-75.0%) and IPS e.max CAD (50.0%), and nonreparable failure (type III) was prevalent in Vita Suprinity (33.3%-41.7%) and Vitablocs Mark II (41.7%-50.0%). No thermocycling-related differences in failure type were found (p > 0.05). Thermocycling had no significant effect on fracture forces or failure types for any of the ceramic types, suggesting that thermal aging does not substantially alter their mechanical performance. Clinicians should consider patients' coffee consumption habits when selecting ceramic materials for dental restorations. Given the daily fluctuations in oral temperature, CAD/CAM materials must possess high fracture strength to ensure their resistance to forces encountered during daily oral functions, contributing to the long-term clinical success of dental prostheses. How to cite this article: ALhendi KD, Impact of Thermocycling on the Fracture Strength and Failure Type of Different CAD/CAM Ceramics after Saudi Coffee Staining. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(8):752-758.

Social networks are known to protect against depressive symptoms in older adults. However, most research relies on retrospective self-reported depression measures and cross-sectional data, which may introduce bias. Ecological momentary assessment with longitudinal data overcomes these limitations by repeatedly measuring the subject's experience in the present moment. This study examined how social network characteristics relate to momentary depressive symptoms and their daily fluctuations in older adults. We analysed data from 216 older adults in Paris, France, using the Healthy Aging and Networks in Cities and Promoting Mental Well-Being and Healthy Aging in Cities studies. Social network characteristics included network size and frequency of in-person and digital interactions per week. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using a daily smartphone survey of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression over a week. Linear mixed-effect models estimated associations between social network characteristics and momentary depressive symptoms, while multivariable linear models examined relationships with daily symptom fluctuations. Network size and frequency of contact from digital communications per week were not associated with fewer depressive symptoms; however, there was suggestion that having more in-person contact was related to fewer depressive symptoms (exp(β) = 0.90, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.00). Moreover, having a larger social network (exp(β) = 0.91, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.98) and more in-person contacts (exp(β) = 0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.98) were associated with less fluctuations in daily depressive symptoms, but no association for the frequency of contact from digital communications was observed. Findings from this study suggest that larger social networks and more in-person contact may promote more stable and better mental health among older adults.