Meeting the recommendation of 60 minutes of daily physical activity for children and adolescents yields significant health benefits. In Latin-merican and the Caribbean, 39.1% of the population does not meet physical activity guidelines; specifically, 34.3% of males and 43.7% of females fall below the recommended levels. This study aims to identify school-based physical activity interventions aligned with the socioecological model that involve parents in Latina merican contexts. A systematic search was conducted across four databases-PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and ScienceDirect-for articles published between January 2014 and April 2024. A total of 198 studies were identified (78 from PubMed, 22 from WOS, 31 from Scopus, and 67 from ScienceDirect). After removing 20 duplicates, 167 articles were excluded based on title and abstract screening. One study was excluded. It focused on sedentary behavior, and another aspect was its consideration of dietary habits, resulting in a final inclusion of 9 studies. The included studies were published between 2014-2024, with intervention durations ranging from 10 weeks to 28 months and sample sizes from 50 to 3,592 participants. The studies were conducted in Ecuador, Colombia, Mexico, and Brazil. Interventions adopted both individual and environmental approaches, targeting outcomes such as physical activity, sedentary behavior, screen time, health education, nutrition, and alcohol and tobacco use. The reviewed intervention demonstrated positive effects on increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviors. Family members, peers, friends, and teachers emerged as key sources of support for promoting health-enhancing behaviors, consistent with an ecological framework for health promotion.

Abstract Background Brain/neural hand exoskeletons (B/NHEs) can restore motor function after severe stroke, enabling bimanual tasks critical for various activities of daily living. Yet, reliable clinical tests for assessing bimanual function compatible with B/NHEs are lacking . Here, we introduce the Berlin Bimanual Test for Stroke (BeBiT-S), a 10-task assessment focused on everyday bimanual activities, and evaluate its psychometric properties as well as compatibility with assistive technologies such as B/NHEs. Methods BeBiT-S tasks were selected based on their relevance to daily activities, representation of various grasp types, and compatibility with current (neuro-)prosthetic devices. A scoring system was developed to assess key aspects of bimanual function—including reaching, grasping, stabilizing, manipulating, and lifting—based on video recordings of task performance. The BeBiT-S was administered without support of assistive technology ( unassisted condition) to 24 stroke survivors (mean age = 56.5 years; 9 female) with upper-limb hemiparesis. We evaluated interrater reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and construct validity through correlations with the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI), and Stroke Impact Scale (SIS). A subgroup of 15 stroke survivors (mean age 50.3 years, 5 female) completed a second session supported by a B/NHE (B /NHE-assisted condition) to assess the BeBiT-S’ sensitivity to change related to B/NHE-application. Results The BeBiT-S demonstrated high interrater reliability in both the unassisted (ICC = 0.985, P < .001) and B/NHE-assisted (ICC = 0.862, P < .001) conditions. Unassisted BeBiT-S scores correlated with the CAHAI-8 (r(22) = 0.95, P < .001) and the SIS subscales “strength” (r(20) = 0.53, P = .012) and “hand function” (r(20) = 0.50, P = .018), indicating construct validity. BeBiT-S scores improved significantly with B/NHE assistance (Mdn = 60, P < .05), compared to when no assistance was provided (Mdn = 38, P < .05), demonstrating the test’s sensitivity to change following the application of a B/NHE. Conclusions The findings support that the BeBiT-S is a reliable and valid tool for evaluating bimanual task performance in stroke survivors and is compatible with the use of assistive technology such as B/NHEs. Trial registration NCT04440709, submitted June 18th, 2020.

Cyberchondria is often associated with psychological distress, straining doctor-patient relationships, and financial burdens. Over the past few decades, increasing research has explored its associations with quality of life (QoL). However, existing reviews have not comprehensively synthesized or narratively analyzed these connections. This study aims to consolidate current research, identify key trends, and examine how cyberchondria affects QoL, while providing insights for future research directions. The literature search was conducted on 4 databases PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science. The review was restricted to peer-reviewed journals published in English from inception to October 9, 2025. The inclusion criteria were as follows (1) original studies examining health-related factors associated with cyberchondria, (2) participants of any demographic, and (3) English-language full texts. Studies were excluded if they assessed health anxiety as a representation of cyberchondria. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Narrative analysis was used for data synthesis. This review was reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist. A total of 9483 records were identified from 4 databases, with 87 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for this review. All of the included studies used a cross-sectional design. Most of the included studies were rated as moderate risk (54.4%) to low risk (36.7%). Correlations were found between cyberchondria and QoL domains, including physical health (eg, pain and discomfort, sleep quality), psychological health (eg, anxiety, fear, negative feelings or emotions, anxiety sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and depression), level of independence (eg, usual or daily activities, and mobility), social relationship (eg, personal relationship, communication, and social support), environment (eg, eHealth literacy and financial satisfaction), and behavior (eg, addictive behavior). This scoping review synthesizes key risk factors and challenges influencing the QoL in individuals with cyberchondria. The findings emphasize the need for clinicians to adopt a holistic approach to assess and manage cyberchondria, addressing its multifaceted impact on QoL.

Introduction Breathlessness is a global, transdiagnostic problem, contributing to disability, reduced quality of life, and higher healthcare costs. As the global population ages and multimorbidity increases, the prevalence of breathlessness is expected to rise. Therefore, there is an urgent need to co- design new services and treatments for breathlessness. To achieve this, it is essential to understand the lived experience of breathlessness. This study aimed to explore the lived experience of chronic breathlessness, focusing on its impact and contributing factors that exacerbate breathlessness. Methods Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with adults experiencing chronic breathlessness caused by advanced malignant and non-malignant diseases (July–November 2020). The interviews were analysed using conventional content analysis. Results 25 patients with advanced disease and chronic breathlessness [(COPD: 13, lung cancer: 8, ILD: 3, bronchiectasis: 1), 17 male, median age 70 years (range 47–86), MRC Dyspnoea score 3 (2 −5)] were interviewed. Four key themes were identified: (1) the impact of breathlessness on daily activities, leading to increased dependence on others, (2) the effect of breathlessness on social interactions and personal relationships, resulting in isolation, (3) the Impact of living with multiple long–term conditions and environmental factors that worsen breathlessness, (4) cognitive, affective and behavioural responses to breathlessness. Conclusion Breathlessness significantly disrupts daily life, limiting independence and social engagement, with psychological and behavioural responses further restricting activity. An integrated, public health approach, collaborating with housing and environmental agencies is essential to address modifiable factors and reduce the burden on individuals and health care systems.

ABSTRACTChildren's early years food environment can influence dietary habits. We evaluated Yes to Veg! a 4‐week nursery‐based programme on pre‐school children's vegetable exposure, consumption and agency. A quasi‐experimental study in 11 nurseries (6 intervention/5 controls) located in socio‐economically deprived areas of Glasgow, Scotland. Yes to Veg! delivered locally grown fresh vegetables once‐per‐week for children's daily nursery activities. Control nurseries received standard healthy eating recommendations. Parental pre‐ and post‐questionnaires measured child vegetable exposure (vegetables tried from a 27‐item list), consumption frequency (1 = once‐per‐week to 5 = everyday) and variety consumed (0 = none/1 = 1‐4/2 = 5‐9/3 = 10+ kinds). Qualitative comments reported by parents, nursery staff and from researcher observations were extracted for qualitative themes. From 257 parent‐child dyads recruited, 57 (n = 34 intervention/n = 23 control, child mean age 51 months) completed both questionnaires. Vegetables tried [Mean(SD)] did not change between intervention [total score pre 16.7(4.5) vs 16.8(5.6) post, difference 0.19(0.6), p = 0.765] and control group [total score pre 16.4(5.3) vs 16.0(5.6) post, difference −0.39(0.57), p = 0.503]. Median pre‐ and post‐consumption frequency in both groups was 4 (most days); the variety of vegetables consumed was higher in intervention (5‐9 items) vs control (1‐4 items) and these measurements didn't change between pre‐ and post. Vegetable agency increased in the intervention; parents said children talked more about vegetables at home (91% vs 65% control) and were willing to try vegetables at home (41% vs 34% control); emerging qualitative themes included children's engagement with vegetables, sensory interaction and programme acceptance. Yes to Veg! facilitated exposure, engagement and familiarisation to vegetables, was well implemented and received, but did not change consumption.

With the rapidly growing global aging population, muscle atrophy affects ≈40% of older individuals, leading to severe impairments in daily activities. However, its treatment remains challenging due to adverse effects associated with drug accumulation, the difficulty of delivering drugs specifically to deep muscle tissues, and the inherent limitations of current therapeutic devices that rely on wired connections or battery-dependent external power systems. In this study, a body-coupled on-target stimulation (BOOST) system is introduced in combination with an active releasing muscle stimulation (ARMS) hydrogel, which possesses anti-drying properties and enables electroactive drug release. The BOOST system enables battery-free, wirelessly delivered electrostimulation and simultaneous drug delivery from the skin to deep muscle layers by leveraging charge accumulation in tissue capacitance. This in-body field amplification generates a muscle-targeted electric field that enables deep-tissue drug penetration. In addition, when combined with the electro-responsive ARMS hydrogel containing electrically bound dexamethasone phosphate (Dex) molecules, the BOOST system exhibits synergistic performance, achieving targeted internal electrostimulation and efficient Dex penetration into deep muscle tissue for effective transdermal-to-muscle delivery. The simultaneous application of ES and Dex effectively restores muscle cells severely damaged by oxidative stress, mimicking the pathological conditions of muscle atrophy.

Moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents complex challenges with chronic symptoms affecting cognitive, emotional, and physical health. While acute medical stabilization is essential, many individuals experience persistent post-TBI symptoms, such as fatigue, memory deficits, mood disturbances, and post-concussive syndrome. These chronic effects reduce quality of life and complicate reintegration into daily activities. This review investigates current strategies for rehabilitating individuals suffering long-term consequences of moderate TBI. The review was conducted across major databases, yielding 22 relevant studies that addressed structured rehabilitation interventions for chronic symptoms using the PRISMA platform. Rehabilitation strategies analyzed include cognitive behavioral therapy, occupational retraining, neuropsychological support, and physical therapy. The significance of individualized approaches that incorporate early diagnosis, patient-centered planning, and long-term monitoring. Neurobiological mechanisms, such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption are key contributors to sustained symptoms and inform the need for integrated medical-psychosocial care. The rehabilitation process is structured across critical phases from acute to community reintegration, each involving tailored interventions. Emerging evidence supports the utility of digital tools and neuroplasticity-driven therapies in enhancing outcomes. However, limitations in investigation design, diagnostic consistency, and the lack of long-term follow-up hinder the generalizability and calibration of treatment for health science. The review demonstrates a clear recognition of the need for flexible rehabilitation based on science to help any individuals with chronic TBI symptoms. Coordinated care is needed with cognitive and emotional support, individual rehabilitation plans, and the use of biomarkers to monitor neurological recovery. It is critical for neurologists, psychologists, therapists, and researchers to collaborate and build evidence-based approaches to providing long-term care.

The queen, as the reproductive core of a honeybee colony, has declining reproductive capacity with age, making it necessary to rear new queens to replace older ones. Traditional artificial queen-rearing methods face challenges, such as difficulties in larval grafting, particularly for Apis cerana. To address these issues, we developed a queen-rearing technology by cutting the comb. This study compared queen-rearing technology using comb cutting (CC) with larval grafting in A. cerana, measuring egg traits (length, width, weight), capped brood number, worker offspring initial weight, forager honey sac weight, worker morphology traits, and colony foraging efficiency. Queens reared using comb-cutting technology exhibited superior egg quality compared with those reared by larval grafting. The CC group showed significant improvements in egg length, egg weight, and number of capped brood cells (p < 0.05). Worker offspring from the CC group demonstrated significantly superior morphological traits—including forewing length, hindwing width, and lengths of the third and fourth tergites—as well as higher daily colony foraging activity, compared with those from the grafting larvae group (p < 0.05). Queen-rearing technology using CC effectively enhances the reproductive capacity and productive performance of colonies, promising high-quality queen rearing in A. cerana and sustainable beekeeping optimization.

Investigating correlates of chronic multimorbidity prevalence in Ireland: Evidence from Irish health survey 2015 and 2019.

Mobility During an Acute Medical Hospitalization: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Does perceived proximity to urban facilities still matter to individuals' daily activities in the information age?

Comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on the prognosis of critically ill patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Associations between individual and geospatial characteristics and power of 4G signals received by mobile phones.

Variations in knee compressive force profiles in patients with osteoarthritis: the absence of the first peak in knee compressive force during walking.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the common forms of dementia and is tremendously increasing throughout the world. There are many biomarkers currently available to detect the AD progression. In AD, brain cell death occurs, leading to memory loss, impaired calculation ability, and difficulty in remembering recent events. Early detection of AD is crucial for managing the symptoms and providing effective medical intervention. AD symptoms usually develop gradually and become worse over time, and interfere with daily activities. Hence, this research proposes the Fuzzy scoring based ResNet-Convolutional Neural Network (FS-ResNet CNN) to discriminate AD patients having AD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and cognitively normal (CN) using a hybrid deep learning architecture to leverage more complete spatial information from the ADNI data. Initially, the pre-processing is carried out using the z-score normalization. To reduce the time complexity and to select the prominent features, the Adaptive Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (AGWOA), harnessing the swarm intelligence, has been proposed. Finally, the Hybrid Deep Learning Architecture is applied for the classification of AD. Specifically, the proposed method introduces a novel method known as the Fuzzy Scoring to optimize the network performance. Furthermore, the proposed FS-ResNet CNN model is computationally efficient, less sensitive to noise, and efficiently saves memory. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method on the ADNI dataset, showing high classification accuracy of 97.89%, surpassing the other state-of-the-art methods.

Tracking forearm movement via measured physiological signals is crucial for understanding human motor control mechanism. Current methods mainly use muscle-derived signals to predict arm movements while often overlooking the potential role of gaze attention, which is important for hand-eye coordination and instant and continuous motion planning and execution. In this study, we explored the impact of gaze on motion tracking. A hierarchical transformer-based structure was developed to integrate gaze into muscle activity signals for recovering the joint trajectory. To collect the dataset, six subjects were recruited to perform arm motions broadly involved in daily activities; the measured signals from the muscle activity and gaze attention were used to train and evaluate the proposed method. A performance comparison was conducted between the models using solely muscle activity signals and both muscle and gaze information. The experimental results showed the important role of gaze information involved in motion prediction and the motor control mechanism. This research also gained insights on how to integrate gaze information into the muscle signals, which offers an alternative to bringing artificial intelligence to be engaged in the framework of motion tracking. Consequently, it is important for future designs of biomechanical sensors and wearable robotics systems.

ABSTRACT Introduction Asthma still represents a crucial public health challenge with significant health consequences. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed self-reported asthma in Greece and to unravel comorbid conditions and risk factors. Research design and methods The HYDRIA survey was the first national project on the health of the population in Greece. Data regarding demographic, lifestyle characteristics, and medical history were recorded through personal interviews from June 2013 to December 2014. Weighting factors were applied to ensure national representativeness of results. Results The study includes 4011 men and women. The estimated prevalence of self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma was 8.6% (95% CI: 7.5–9.8%). The most frequent comorbidity was allergic rhinitis, reaching a prevalence of 47.3%. Individuals with asthma reported a significantly higher percentage of perceived restrictions in daily activities (p-value < 0.001). They presented double the risk of having restrictions [2.04 (95% CI: 1.52–2.74); p-value < 0.001]. Age and atopy were significant predictors, however, an interaction indicated that the effect of atopy decreases with age (p for interaction = 0.037). Conclusions The estimated prevalence of self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma in Greece is 8.6%. Atopy, especially in young age, and age represent risk factors for asthma. Patients with asthma experience double the risk of having restrictions on daily activities compared to individuals without asthma.

Age-related neuromuscular and cardiovascular declines may increase relative effort and thus fatigability during daily activities. Habitual physical activity (PA) may mitigate these alterations. This study examined the effects of age and PA on fatiguability in ecological conditions. Thirty-nine young men (YM, 22.1 ± 3.4 years), 34 old men (OM, 71.7 ± 4.1 years), and 23 very old men (VOM, 85.8 ± 2.7 years) performed a fatigue task. Increments were scaled in percentage body mass. Maximal knee extensor force (MVC), voluntary activation (VA), and twitch amplitude (Tw) were measured at baseline, after each stage and at task failure (TF). On a separate day, maximum oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) was quantified during a maximal ramp test. Results For a given workload (i.e., last common stage, LCS), MVC in percentage of baseline was lower in VOM (84.6% ± 9.2%) compared to YM (94.0% ± 7.0%; p < 0.001) and OM (91.7% ± 6.3%; p < 0.01). At LCS, Tw was lower in VOM (89.3% ± 12.7%) compared to OM (99.7% ± 10.5%; p < 0.05). MVC loss was greater in YM (-35.6% ± 14.5% of baseline) compared to VOM (-23.4% ± 11.3%; p < 0.01) at TF. No difference was found between YM and OM for loss in MVC and Tw. PA level was correlated with V̇O2max but did not affect fatigability. Tw loss at LCS was correlated with V̇O2max in VOM (r = 0.69; p < 0.05). VOM, but not OM, was more fatigued than YM for a given submaximal workload but the opposite was true at exhaustion. Fatigability in VOM was due to peripheral factors and was correlated with aerobic capacity. In VOM, unlike YM and OM, higher PA levels may be sufficient to improve aerobic capacity and reduce fatigability. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05413590.

Associations of quadriceps activation during step-up with pain during movement and physical function in people with knee osteoarthritis.

Self-healable and stretchable electrochemical sensor for sweat glucose detection.