Current Utilization Research Articles

Feasibility study of engineered geopolymer composites based high-calcium fly ash and micromechanics analysis

Engineered geopolymer composites (EGC) have attracted much attention as green construction materials, characterized by strain-hardening behavior and multiple cracking capabilities. Nevertheless, the current utilization of low-calcium fly ash in EGC preparation poses a challenge in terms of long hardening time, which substantially affects the feasibility of applying EGC in engineering projects. The purpose of this study is to assess the potential for developing EGCs using high-calcium fly ash (HFA), explore the impact of sodium silicate (SS)-to-sodium hydroxide (SH) ratio on material properties, and perform a comparative analysis between EGCs fabricated with low-calcium fly ash (LFA) and HFA. SEM analysis elucidates that an increase in the SS-to-SH ratio exerts a favorable influence on matrix density, thereby augmenting overall strength. Nevertheless, this enhancement is accompanied by a notable reduction in tensile strain capacity. It was observed that EGC based on HFA (HFA-EGC) outperforms LFA-based EGC (LFA-EGC) in various aspects of mechanical properties. The effects of SS-to-SH ratio, LFA, and HFA on the mechanical properties were analyzed at the microscale using XRD and SEM, and combined with micromechanical parameters, establishing a multi-scale connection for material performance. The study offers a comprehensive analysis of how varying precursor and activator compositions affect the tensile properties.

Performance and plasma diagnostics of the Air-breathing Microwave Plasma CAThode (AMPCAT) coupled to a cylindrical Hall thruster

The Air-breathing Microwave Plasma CAThode (AMPCAT) has been developed for air-breathing electric propulsion in very-low Earth orbit. In this study, the standalone AMPCAT plasma characteristics are analyzed by means of several diagnostic tools and operation on xenon is compared to a conventional hollow cathode. A transition of AMPCAT extracted current from a lower (<0.1 A) to higher-current (>0.5 A) mode, triggered by increasing the negative cathode bias voltage, is accompanied by a significant rise in internal electron density and external electron temperature. The AMPCAT is coupled with a cylindrical Hall thruster in the 100–300 W power-level running on 0.5–0.7 mg/s of xenon, and the thrust is directly measured for cathode operation with both xenon and air. Stable thruster operation is demonstrated for the AMPCAT running on both propellants. For xenon, the performance is compared to a hollow cathode, which reveals matching discharge current profiles but a significantly higher thrust for the AMPCAT at low discharge voltages, approximately two times higher at 200 V. Langmuir probe measurements highlight a 30–40 V lower plasma potential in the cathode vicinity for the AMPCAT with xenon compared to both the hollow cathode and AMPCAT with air. This indicates a significantly improved coupling of cathode electrons to the thruster discharge, yielding an increased degree of ionization. Faraday probe and Wien filter results show that a larger current utilization efficiency drives the observed performance difference at low discharge voltages, rather than a significant change in ion acceleration or plume divergence.

Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Use and Resistance during the COVID-19 Era among Hospitals in Saudi Arabia and the Implications.

The inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials increases antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which poses an appreciable threat to public health, increasing morbidity and mortality. Inappropriate antimicrobial prescribing includes their prescribing in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, despite limited evidence of bacterial infections or coinfections. Knowledge of current antimicrobial utilization in Saudi Arabia is currently limited. Consequently, the objective of this study was to document current antimicrobial prescribing patterns among Saudi hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study included patients with or without COVID-19 who were admitted to five hospitals in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Data were gathered using the Global PPS methodology and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Out of 897 hospitalized patients, 518 were treated with antibiotics (57.7%), with an average of 1.9 antibiotics per patient. There were 174 culture reports collected, representing 36.5% of all cases. The most common indication for antibiotics use was community-acquired infections, accounting for 61.4% of all cases. 'Watch' antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics, with the cephalosporins and carbapenems representing 38.7% of all antibiotics prescribed, followed by the penicillins (23.2%). Notably, Piperacillin/Tazobactam and Azithromycin were prescribed at relatively higher rates for COVID-19 patients. These findings highlight the need for continuous efforts to optimize the rational use of antibiotics through instigating appropriate antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals and, as a result, reduce AMR in the country.

Abstract 14574: Trends in the Utilization of Sacubitril/Valsartan by Cardiologists: A Safety-Net Hospital Experience

Background: Sacubitril/Valsartan has gained significant momentum regarding management of heart failure. In the latest 2022 HF guideline, Sacubitril/Valsartan is recommended as a first-line treatment and to replace well-tolerated ACEi/ARB’s. We decided to evaluate current utilization trends with regards to prescription of Sacubitril/Valsartan at our safety-net hospital. Methods: For this retrospective study,a chart review identified Sacubitril/Valsartan use in a total of 769 patients,which was catalogued by drug dose, division use, and prescriber specialty at University Health Truman Medical Center in Kansas City, Missouri from October 1, 2021 thru October 31, 2022. Results: Of the 769 patients prescribed Sacubitril/Valsartan, 497 patients were prescribed the 24 mg/26 mg dose, 193 patients were on 49 mg/51 mg dose, and 79 patients were provided a 97 mg/103 mg dose (Figure 1). Cardiologists were only involved in 23% of all Sacubitril/Valsartan prescriptions while ancillary staff providers including nurse practitioners, physician assistants and pharmacists representing the predominant number of healthcare professionals (50%) prescribing Sacubitril/Valsartan (Figure 2). Conclusion: Despite the robust evidence supporting the benefit of using Sacubitril/Valsartan in HF and the unique opportunity that Cardiologists have in taking ownership in optimizing HF management; our data seems to suggest that prescription rates of Sacubitril/Valsartan by Cardiologists at our institution remains low when compared to other specialties. This may contribute to an undertreatment of high-risk HF patients.

Performance evaluation of styreneic methyl copolymer regenerated SBS-modified asphalt and its mixture with high content RAP

The aging degree of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is complex and diverse, and the current utilization rate of RAP is far from meeting the needs of green cycle development. To explore the effect of Styreneic Methyl Copolymer (SMC) rejuvenator of aging asphalt and the performance of SMC regenerated asphalt mixture containing 50% and 60% RAP, this study used SMC rejuvenator to regenerate SBS-modified asphalt with different aging degrees. The high and low-temperature rheological properties of regenerated asphalt were evaluated by temperature sweep test, multi stress creep recovery test, and bending beam rheometer test. Then, the recommended content of the SMC rejuvenator was obtained by using Matlab to establish the corresponding model. Finally, the road performance of the regenerated mixture with high-content RAP was verified. The test results showed that the recommended content range of the SMC rejuvenator for the aging asphalt with PAV (Pressurized Aging Vessel) 0 h, PAV5h, PAV10h, PAV15h, PAV20h were 1.56∼2.31%, 3.03∼3.36%, 4.269∼4.48%, 5.23∼5.66%, 5.95∼6.91%, respectively. The road performance of the SMC regenerated asphalt mixture with 50% and 60% RAP content met the specification requirements. SMC rejuvenator had no significant negative impact on high-temperature performance, significantly improving low-temperature cracking resistance. SMC regenerator had a positive significance in improving regeneration efficiency.

Multi-resource predictive workload consolidation approach in virtualized environments

The revolution of virtualization technologies and Cloud computing solutions has emphasized the need for energy-efficient and Service level agreement (SLA)-aware resource management techniques in cloud data centers. Workload consolidation in Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) providers allows for efficient utilization of hardware resources and reduced energy consumption by consolidating workloads onto fewer physical servers. To ensure successful workload consolidation, it is crucial for IaaS providers to carefully estimate the host state and identify overloaded and underloaded hosts, thereby avoiding overly aggressive consolidation. Existing proposals determine the host state depending on its current resource utilization or a single anticipated resource utilization value, and often consider only a single resource type of the host, such as CPU. These limitations may lead to unreliable host state estimations, resulting in excessive and needless service migrations between physical machines (PMs). This, in turn, can lead to extra delays in service execution, degraded performance, increased power consumption, and SLA violations. To address these challenges, we propose a workload consolidation approach that leverages a multi-resource and multi-step resource utilization prediction model. Based on this model, our overload and underload decision-making algorithms consider the forecasted future trend (sequence of future value) of each host resource's utilization, including CPU, memory, and bandwidth. Through extensive experimentations conducted with two real-world datasets, we demonstrate that our approach can significantly reduce power consumption, SLA violation rate, and the number of migrations compared to existing benchmarks.

The Integration and Application of Extended Reality (XR) Technologies within the General Practice Primary Medical Care Setting: A Systematic Review

The COVID-19 pandemic instigated a paradigm shift in healthcare delivery with a rapid adoption of technology-enabled models of care, particularly within the general practice primary care setting. The emergence of the Metaverse and its associated technology mediums, specifically extended reality (XR) technology, presents a promising opportunity for further industry transformation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the current application and utilisation of XR technologies within the general practice primary care setting to establish a baseline for tracking its evolution and integration. A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was conducted and registered with the international database of prospectively registered systematic reviews as PROSPERO-CRD42022339905. Eleven articles met the inclusion criteria and were quality appraised and included for review. All databases searched, inclusive of search terms, are supplied to enhance the transparency and reproducibility of the findings. All study interventions used virtual reality technology exclusively. The application of virtual reality within the primary care setting was grouped under three domains: (1) childhood vaccinations, (2) mental health, and (3) health promotion. There is immense potential for the future application of XR technologies within the general practice primary care setting. As technology evolves, healthcare practitioners, XR technology specialists, and researchers should collaborate to harness the full potential of implementing XR mediums.

Remote nurse triage and standardization of clinical pathway utilization.

574 Background: In March of 2022, Texas Oncology (community oncology practice) initiated a state-wide rollout for Remote Nurse Triage. This program implemented and standardized the utilization of Clinical Pathways within the Navigating Care system with a goal to decrease time to patient first call back, increase first touch resolution for patient-initiated contact, and increase patient satisfaction related to patient-initiated communication resolution. Methods: To determine an appropriate plan of action, a needs assessment was conducted to evaluate current pathway utilization, call volumes and patient satisfaction. Based on the findings of this assessment, triage nurses were trained to resolve incidents using standardized care pathways and standing orders within the Navigating Care System. This implementation was monitored on a weekly basis with metrics from Navigating Care and the Relatient dashboard and compared to the 12-month baseline data for 2 beta sites. Results: In the 12-month pilot, standardized pathway utilization increased from 1% pre-pilot to 78% post-pilot for clinical symptom management calls. With standardized pathways and better first touch resolution clinical calls decreased 8% overall from 4,302/month to 3,987/month while patient volumes (billable visits) increased 25%. Patient satisfaction scores, in relation to their phone experience and needs resolution, went up to 4.5/5 from 3.9/5. Symptom management resolution times also trended down since beginning the pilot. Conclusions: Standardizing the usage of clinical pathways by virtual triage nurses reduced clinical call volumes despite a positive growth in the number of billable visits at the pilot sites. This increase in pathway utilization also led to decreased time for symptom management resolution. Additionally, these measures resulted in an increased patient satisfaction related to patient-initiated communication.

Trends in medical care utilization in patients with cancer: An analysis of real-world data in a tertiary hospital in Korea, 2014-2019.

Rising costs of cancer treatments challenge even areas with universal health coverage. There's a need to assess current medical care utilization trends among patients with cancer to guide public health policy, resource allocation, and set informed healthcare goals. We analyzed the latest trends in medical care utilization by cancer patients in four areas-drugs, radiation therapy (RT), surgery, and diagnostic procedures-using clinical databases extracted from electronic medical records of a tertiary hospital in Korea between 2014 and 2019. Compound adjusted growth rates (CAGR) were computed to capture the annual growth over the study period. A total of 74,285 cancer patients were identified, with 40.3% (29,962), 14.2% (10,577), 31.1% (23,066), and 92.6% (68,849) of patients having received at least one anticancer agent, RT, surgery, and diagnostic procedure, respectively, over the period. We observed a 1.7-fold increase in the use of targeted · immune-oncology agents (from 6.8% to 11.6%) and a 21-fold increase (from 3.0% in 2014 to 65.7%) in intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) use over the period. In contrast, we observed a continuous decrease in the proportion of patients who underwent surgical treatment from 12.2% in 2014 to 10.9% in 2019. This decrease was particularly noticeable in patients with colon cancer (from 28.5% to 24.2%) and liver cancer (from 4.1% to 2.9%). From 2014 to 2019, there was a significant rise in the use of targeted· immune-oncology agents and IMRT, alongside a decline in surgeries. While targeted · immune-oncology agents and IMRT may offer promising outcomes, their financial impact and potential for overuse necessitate careful oversight and long-term cost-effectiveness studies.

Experimental study on beam characteristics of μHT-1 thruster under operating conditions adjustment

The micro Hall thruster μHT-1 is designed for space gravitational wave detection missions, and the beam characteristics of the thruster are studied by experiments. A Faraday probe mounted on a three-dimensional moving platform is designed for diagnosing to obtain the beam current density distribution, and the operating conditions of the discharge voltage and the mass flow rate are adjusted in the range of 700∼1200 V and 0.1–0.5 sccm, respectively. In addition, the study further analyze the variation trends of total beam current, discharge current, utilization rate, divergence angle and others. The test results indicate that the μHT-1 thruster can work stably in a wide range of operating conditions, and the beam current expresses a good axisymmetric distribution. Meanwhile, the beam current density gradually decreases along the axial direction and spreads along the radial direction. The current utilization efficiency fluctuates from 53.4 % to 67.7 % when the power is adjusted in the range of 1.45–5.76 W, and the divergence angle increases from 41.3° to 56.7°. The total beam current of the thruster shows a linear increase characteristics with the enhancing of the anode flow and the discharge voltage.

Fifty years of hemodialysis in Ghana—current status, utilization and cost of dialysis services

BackgroundKidney failure is common in Ghana. Haemodialysis (HD) is the most common treatment modality for survival. Although, HD has been available in Ghana for 50 years, the majority of patients who develop kidney failure cannot access it. We describe the state of HD, dialysis prevalence, its utilization and cost of HD after fifty years of dialysis initiation in Ghana.MethodsA situational assessment of HDs centres in Ghana was conducted by surveying nephrologists, doctors, nurses and other health care professionals in HD centres from August to October 2022. We assessed the density of HD centres, number of HD machines, prevalence of nephrologists, number of patients receiving HD treatment and the cost of dialysis in private and government facilities in Ghana.ResultsThere are 51 HD centres located in 9 of the 16 regions of Ghana. Of these, only 40 centres are functioning, as 11 had shut down or are yet to operate. Of the functioning centres most (n = 26, 65%) are in the Greater Accra region serving 17.7% of the population and 7(17.5%) in the Ashanti region serving 17.5% of the population in Ghana. The rest of the seven regions have one centre each. The private sector has twice as many HD centers (n = 27, 67.5%) as the public sector (n = 13,32.5%). There are 299 HD machines yielding 9.7 HD machines per million population (pmp) with a median of 6 (IQR 4–10) machines per centre. Ghana has 0.44 nephrologists pmp. Currently, 1195 patients receive HD, giving a prevalence of 38.8 patients pmp with 609(50.9%) in the private sector. The mean cost of HD session is US $53.9 ± 8.8 in Ghana.ConclusionThere are gross inequities in the regional distribution of HD centres in Ghana, with a low HD prevalence and nephrology workforce despite a high burden of CKD. The cost of haemodialysis remains prohibitive and mainly paid out-of-pocket limiting its utilization.

Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Board Game Aqidah Akhlak Berbasis Pendidikan Karakter di Taman Pendidikan AlQur’an Masjid Ikhwanul Muslimin Kota Padang

This research aims to analyze the need for developing learning media in the form of Aqidah Akhlak-based board games that support character education at the TPQ Muslim Ikwanul Mosque, Padang City. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data was collected through interviews, observation and documentation from one supervisor, one teacher and seven students at the TPQ Ikwanul Muslimin Mosque. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman approach which consists of four stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of media needs analysis, analysis of student characteristics and curriculum analysis, it shows that the current use and utilization of learning media is still not optimal at TPQ Mosque Ikwanul Muslimin. Therefore, it is necessary to develop learning media in the form of the Aqidah Akhlak board game based on Character Education. This recommendation is based on the results of analysis of student characteristics, curriculum analysis, and relevant considerations. It is hoped that this research can contribute to improving the quality of learning at the TPQ Ikwanul Muslimin Mosque and support the formation of strong character in students through innovative approaches to learning media.

A National Survey of Patient Data Capture, Management, Reporting Practice in Australian Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs

Lack of service data for cardiac rehabilitation limits understanding of program delivery, benchmarking and quality improvement. This study aimed to describe current practices, management, utilisation and engagement with quality indicators in Australian programs. Cardiac rehabilitation programs (n=396) were identified from national directories and networks. Program coordinators were surveyed on service data capture, management systems and adoption of published national quality indicators. Text responses were coded and classified. Logistic regression determined independent associates of the use of data for quality improvement. A total of 319 (81%) coordinators completed the survey. Annual patient enrolments/programs were >200 (31.0%), 51-200 (46%) and ≤50 (23%). Most (79%) programs used an electronic system, alongside paper (63%) and/or another electronic system (19%), with 21% completely paper. While 84% knew of the national quality indicators, only 52% used them. Supplementary to patient care, data were used for reports to managers (57%) and funders (41%), to improve quality (56%), support funding (43%) and research (31%). Using data for quality improvement was more likely when enrolments where >200 (Odds ratio [OR] 3.83, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.76-8.34) and less likely in Victoria (OR 0.24 95%, CI 0.08-0.77), New South Wales (OR 0.25 95%, CI 0.08-0.76) and Western Australia (OR 0.16 95%, CI 0.05-0.57). The collection of service data for cardiac rehabilitation patient data and its justification is diverse, limiting our capacity to benchmark and drive clinical practice. The findings strengthen the case for a national low-burden approach to data capture for quality care.

Webcast marketing platform optimization via 6G R&D and the impact on brand content creation.

This work aims to investigate the development and management of cosmetics webcast marketing platforms, offering novel approaches for building and sustaining commercial brands. Firstly, an analysis of the current utilization of cosmetics webcast marketing platforms is conducted, identifying operational challenges associated with these platforms. Secondly, optimization strategies are proposed to address the identified issues by leveraging advancements in 6th Generation (6G) communication technology. Subsequently, a conceptual framework is established, employing big data interaction to examine the influence of webcast marketing platform experiences on brand fit. Multiple hypotheses are formulated to explore the relationship between platform experiences and brand fit. Finally, empirical analysis is performed within the context of the 5th Generation (5G) Mobile Communication Technology and extended to incorporate the 6G Mobile Communication Technology landscape. The results of the validation indicate the following: (1) the content generated by the webcast marketing platform has a positive impact on brand fit (β = 0.46, p<0.01; β = 0.31, p<0.05); (2) in the 6G network environment, a webcast marketing platform with high traffic transmission rates may enhance brand fit (β = 0.51, p<0.001); (3) the content generated by the webcast marketing platform exhibits significant positive regulatory effects on information-based and co-generated content (β = 0.42, p<0.01; β = 0.02, p<0.001). The findings of this work offer valuable insights for other scholars and researchers seeking to optimize webcast marketing platforms.

A Narrative Review of Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in Primary Care Settings in South Africa and Potential Ways Forward to Reduce Antimicrobial Resistance.

There are concerns with the current prescribing of antibiotics in both the private and public primary care settings in South Africa. These concerns need to be addressed going forward to reduce rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates in South Africa. Concerns include adherence to current prescribing guidelines. Consequently, there is a need to comprehensively summarise current antibiotic utilization patterns from published studies as well as potential activities to improve prescribing, including indicators and antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). Published studies showed that there was an appreciable prescribing of antibiotics for patients with acute respiratory infections, i.e., 52.9% to 78% or more across the sectors. However, this was not universal, with appreciable adherence to prescribing guidelines in community health centres. Encouragingly, the majority of antibiotics prescribed, albeit often inappropriately, were from the 'Access' group of antibiotics in the AWaRe (Access/Watch/Reserve) classification rather than 'Watch' antibiotics to limit AMR. Inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics in primary care is not helped by concerns with current knowledge regarding antibiotics, AMR and ASPs among prescribers and patients in primary care. This needs to be addressed going forward. However, studies have shown it is crucial for prescribers to use a language that patients understand when discussing key aspects to enhance appropriate antibiotic use. Recommended activities for the future include improved education for all groups as well as regularly monitoring prescribing against agreed-upon guidelines and indicators.

Hydrolysis Optimization of By-Products from the Potato Processing Industry and Biomethane Production from Starch Hydrolysates

This study aims to investigate the use of Fenton reagents for the efficient hydrolysis of starch, an industrial by-product obtained from the potato processing industry. A full factorial design experiment (FFD) was conducted and a statistical model was developed for simulating the hydrolysis process. The most important factors were the hydrolysis temperature and the amount of H2O2 followed by the interaction of FeSO4·7H2O and temperature. At maximum levels of FeSO4·7H2O (1.00g/L), H2O2 (0.51 g/L), and temperature (70.0 °C), a 99.5% hydrolysis yield was achieved, with a carbohydrate content of 28.65 g/L. Furthermore, analysis of hydrolysis kinetics demonstrated that an increased concentration of FeSO4·7H2O results in a decelerated rate of starch hydrolysis. Moreover, biodegradability tests were carried out to estimate the methane production potential from the produced hydrolysates. The specific methanogenic activity (SMA) was reached at 0.669 ± 0.014 g CH4-COD g−1 VSS day−1 proving the effectiveness of the hydrolysis process and highlighting the potential of industrial starch for bioenergy production. A preliminary cost analysis showed that a small investment for utilizing the starch in an existing wastewater treatment facility of a potato processing company becomes profitable before the end of the 3rd year, obtaining a net present value (NPV) 37.5% higher than that of the current utilization scenario.

Does a “hernia center” label provide better 30-day outcomes following elective ventral hernia repair?: An analysis of the ACHQC database

IntroductionCurrently, there is no agreed upon definition of a designated hernia center (DHC) and no study has investigated the association of hernia center designation with ventral hernia repair (VHR) outcomes. We sought to investigate the current utilization of DHC and the association of hernia center designation with VHR outcomes. MethodsAll patients who underwent elective, ventral hernia repair with mesh with 30-day follow-up from 2013 through 2020 were in the Americas Hernia Society Quality Collaborative (ACHQC) database. Patients were divided into two groups: those that underwent VHR at a DHC and those that underwent VHR at a non-designated hernia center site (NDHC). Using a 1:1 matched analysis, differences in the incidence of 30-day wound events, the total number of 30-day complications, one-year ventral hernia recurrence rates, and 30-day and one-year patient reported outcomes were compared between DHC and NDHC. ResultsA total of 261 sites were included in our analysis; 78 (30%) were identified as DHC. After matching, there were 14,186 VHRs available for analysis. There was no significant difference in 30-day wound morbidity events. Patients who underwent VHR at NDHC were less likely to experience any 30-day complication or 1-year hernia recurrence while patients who underwent VHR at DHC had a statistically significant greater improvement in their HerQLes scores at one-year postoperatively. ConclusionsThere is currently no clear superiority to VHR at a DHC. The ACHQC may self-select for surgeons invested in hernia repair outcomes regardless of hernia center designation. More standardized criteria for a hernia center are required in order to positively influence the value of hernia care delivered in the United States.

Strategic concept paper for Bioeconomy in Slovenia: from a patchwork of good practices to an integrated, sustainable and robust bioeconomy system.

While Slovenia has significant bioeconomy potential, it remains underutilized, facing challenges in primary bioeconomy sectors, their integration along value chains, uptake of industrial innovation, and institutional coordination. This paper aims to support the unlocking of Slovenia's bioeconomy potential, and foster sustainable and integrated development of its value chains. It provides the evidence base of the composition, volumes and current utilization of the available biomass streams from agriculture, forestry and aquatic systems. It discusses the potential uses of these resources and highlights the need for improved logistics and scalability. Additionally, the structure and performance of bioeconomy-related industries in Slovenia are examined, emphasizing the importance of firm consolidation and integration for successful bioeconomy development. It emphasizes the importance of sector-specific transformation pathways, from primary production to expanding hybrid sectors. The exchange between policymakers and stakeholders is encouraged to recognize synergies, accelerate cooperation, and improve economic performance while closing material and energy loops. The document also reviews the supporting environment for bioeconomy development and proposes steps for improved coordination and strategic planning.

Real-World Evidence of Biosimilar Utilisation and Pharmacoeconomics in People Living with Breast or Lung Cancer

As the medical community continues to explore and harness the potential of biosimilars, it is imperative to accumulate robust real-world evidence (RWE) to guide informed decision-making, and enhance patient outcomes in cancer treatment. This article reviews the current understanding and utilisation of biosimilars in the treatment of breast and lung cancers by reviewing existing RWE. A literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus was performed to analyse observational studies pertaining to the adoption of biosimilars in people living with breast or lung cancer, with publications considered since 2019. The review summarises the current RWE relating to biosimilar use for its approved indications across breast and lung cancer. Despite the scarcity of evidence addressing the cost-effectiveness of biosimilars in breast and lung cancer treatment, biosimilars may offer a dual benefit by enhancing patient outcomes, while ensuring cost-effectiveness, thereby increasing access to oncology therapies globally. The increased access to biosimilars within community oncology practices, hospitals, and national healthcare systems, promises substantial cost savings. This review highlights the evolving landscape of biosimilar utilisation in oncology, revealing their potential as a more affordable and inclusive approach to cancer care, while also indicating areas for further research.

Real-World Evidence of Biosimilar Utilisation and Pharmacoeconomics in People Living with Breast or Lung Cancer

As the medical community continues to explore and harness the potential of biosimilars, it is imperative to accumulate robust real-world evidence (RWE) to guide informed decision-making, and enhance patient outcomes in cancer treatment. This article reviews the current understanding and utilisation of biosimilars in the treatment of breast and lung cancers by reviewing existing RWE. A literature search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus was performed to analyse observational studies pertaining to the adoption of biosimilars in people living with breast or lung cancer, with publications considered since 2019. The review summarises the current RWE relating to biosimilar use for its approved indications across breast and lung cancer. Despite the scarcity of evidence addressing the cost-effectiveness of biosimilars in breast and lung cancer treatment, biosimilars may offer a dual benefit by enhancing patient outcomes, while ensuring cost-effectiveness, thereby increasing access to oncology therapies globally. The increased access to biosimilars within community oncology practices, hospitals, and national healthcare systems, promises substantial cost savings. This review highlights the evolving landscape of biosimilar utilisation in oncology, revealing their potential as a more affordable and inclusive approach to cancer care, while also indicating areas for further research.