Perfect reconstruction filter banks and periodically nonuniform sampling associated with the special affine fourier transform—— Dear Editor, kindly note that there seems to be a small error with the attached manuscript. The current file is the pre-revision version, not the revised version we prepared. Could you please kindly replace it with the correct revised version? Thank you very much for

In recent years, the implementation model of "digital administrative filing" has been continuously integrated into the whole scenario, field and process of administrative filing. Among them, algorithmic filing, as a beneficial practice of the administrative filing system to intervene in algorithm supervision, not only reflects the enabling role of digital information technology in administrative filing, but also exposes the huge hidden danger that there may be an imbalance of rights and responsibilities in the application of digital administrative filing. Therefore, this paper will focus on the transmutation phenomenon of the three major elements of administrative filing under digitalization and the problems faced by the current traditional administrative filing implementation model in the supervision of algorithmic filing, and deeply discuss the significance of digital administrative filing in responding to digital government governance, improving the precision level of administrative filing supervision, and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of administrative counterparts.

<span>Zivilrecht als Mittel zur Verstaatlichung privater Unternehmen in Russland</span>

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated telehealth adoption, but disparities in digital access may hinder its potential, especially for older adults in rural areas. This cross-sectional study examined sociodemographic factors of digital access using 2022 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File. The sample included 1,732 Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 living in nonmetropolitan areas. The dependent variable of digital access was categorized as: (1) access to both a computer/tablet and the internet, (2) access to either, and (3) access to neither (reference group). A survey-weighted multinomial logit model was conducted to assess associations between sociodemographic factors and digital access. Overall, 71.7% of nonmetro beneficiaries had both computer and internet access, 14.4% had one or the other, and 13.9% had neither. Beneficiaries aged ≥75 (vs 65–74) had significantly lower odds of having both computer and internet access (OR = 0.30, p < 0.001) and access to either (OR = 0.39, p = 0.003). Males had lower odds of having both access (OR = 0.64, p = 0.023). Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and Other minorities had lower odds of having both access (for NHB, OR = 0.45, p < 0.001). Beneficiaries with lower education (vs more than a high school education) had lower odds of having both access (for less than a high school education, OR = 0.13, p < 0.001). Income under $25,000 was associated with lower odds of having both access (OR = 0.36, p < 0.001). Older age, male sex, minority race/ethnicity, lower education, and lower income are key factors of reduced digital access among nonmetro Medicare beneficiaries, underscoring the need for targeted interventions and policies to expand telehealth access for these at-risk populations.

Abstract Medicare Savings Programs and Part D Low-Income Subsidy program assist low-income beneficiaries with healthcare and prescription costs. However, information about eligible Medicare beneficiaries’ characteristics is limited. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic characteristics of beneficiaries in these programs. The 2022 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File, a nationally representative data, of Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years (n = 10,186), was used. A three-level categorical dependent variable was created: (1) has Medicare Savings Program and Part D Low-Income Subsidy, (2) has either program, and (3) has neither (reference group). A survey-weighted multinomial regression model was used to examine relationships between socio-demographics and the dependent variable, adjusted for health conditions. Of the study beneficiaries, 12.0% had both programs, 2.1% had either, and 85.9% had neither. About 25% of those with incomes < =100% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) did not enroll. Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), Hispanics, and Other were more likely than non-Hispanic Whites to have both programs (e.g., for NHB, OR = 2.74, 95% CI [2.01-3.64]). Beneficiaries with less than a high school education were more likely to have both (OR = 2.14, [1.61-2.84]) or have either program (OR = 2.37, [1.33-4.24]) than those with higher education. Beneficiaries with income >200% of the FPL were less likely to have both (OR = 0.01, [0.01-0.02]) or either program (OR = 0.07, [0.04-0.13]) than those < =100% of the FPL. Both programs aided ∼15% (representing 7.5 million) of beneficiaries, mainly from lower socio-demographic groups. However, about 1 million beneficiaries had either program, and some eligible individuals were unenrolled, emphasizing policy reforms to improve enrollment processes.

HYBpy: A web-based framework for hybrid modeling of biological systems

Trends in Breast Cancer Screening Between Medicare Beneficiaries With and Without Food Insecurity

Medical diagnosis coding is essential for hospital operations, yet the current process-reviewing patient files, searching for diagnoses, and assigning codes-can be time-consuming and error-prone. We propose a semi-automated system, the Smart Data Extractor, designed to streamline this task by extracting ICD-10 codes from electronic health records. In our evaluation, a medical expert using the Smart Data Extractor assigned 537 ICD-10 codes for 125 hospital stays in just 92 minutes, compared to 275 codes in 240 minutes when coding manually for the same patients. Moreover, manual coding resulted in more errors. Our solution is user-friendly, transparent, and efficient, requiring no prior training while significantly improving coding speed and accuracy. The Smart Data Extractor offers a practical, time-saving alternative to traditional coding methods, enhancing both productivity and reliability in hospital settings.

INTRODUCTION: Pregnant individuals who receive inadequate prenatal care have higher rates of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Thus, increasing rates of adequate prenatal care access is an opportunity to improve pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective study uses publicly available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data to compare the percentage of pregnant individuals who received adequate prenatal care for individuals with zero prior live births to individuals with one or more prior live birth. The study variables are rates of adequate prenatal care as defined by the Kessner index. The total study population is 478,881. Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-squared test. RESULTS: The CDC Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Data Set is composed of a stratified sample set randomly drawn from the current birth certificate file for each jurisdiction; selected subjects are surveyed using standardized data collection procedures. All subjects in the 2000–2011 PRAMS data set were included; subjects with missing data were excluded. For individuals with one or more prior live birth, 66.8% (183,130/274,028) received adequate prenatal care compared with 70.1% (143,678/204,853) of individuals with zero prior live births. A chi-squared test of independence showed statistical significance, chi-squared (1, N=478,881)=593.56, P<.00001. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Pregnant individuals with one or more prior live birth are less likely to receive adequate prenatal care than nulliparous individuals. Strategies that encourage prenatal care for primiparous and multiparous patients could improve perinatal outcomes for this group.

The innovation of algorithmic technology in digital advertising is reshaping the marketing landscape, but the resulting compliance risks and ethical disputes are becoming increasingly significant. This study focuses on the three fundamental issues of false advertising, privacy violations, and consumption incentives caused by algorithmic recommendations. It assesses the effectiveness of the current regulatory system in protecting consumers rights and interests by combining typical case analysis and a large-scale sample survey. According to the data, nearly 40% of consumers have encountered misleading advertisements, of which only half were dealt with in a timely manner, reflecting the governance delay caused by the black-box algorithm. The abuse of user profiles is particularly problematic, with most respondents unclear about how their personal data is collected and used. The research highlights that there are institutional gaps in the current algorithm filing review mechanism, and it is suggested to establish a dynamic regulatory list and an inter-departmental collaborative governance system. These findings provide empirical evidence for improving the algorithmic accountability mechanism and the digital advertising data compliance framework, and have reference value for promoting the formation of a more ethical intelligent marketing model.

This paper examines the impact of the urban context on the energy performance of a residential building in Athens. Current and future weather files were modified to consider the urban heat island, the overshadowing of adjacent buildings, and the modification of wind speed due to the effects of urban canyons. Dynamic thermal simulations were carried out using the modified weather files. The results indicate that there was a change in heating and cooling demand in comparison to using typical weather files; heating was reduced, but cooling was increased with a total increase in energy demand. There was variation due to height, while overshadowing impacts energy demand significantly. The modified weather analysis also indicates that there are periods in the year that cooling and heating are negligible. During these periods, passive strategies can be used to maintain good internal air quality if occupants are informed how to use their windows and shading devices according to prevailing weather conditions. A method of achieving this occupant-centric operation of the building is described, and the results of an intervention study are discussed. It shows that internal environmental quality can be improved by occupant actions based on forecast weather conditions to direct them.

In this paper, Atze Faas shares his perspective on merchant payments, drawing on his personal experience working for bp, a large fuel retailer, as well as his recent activity working on retail payments in the EU context. After covering the key processes for establishing and executing a payments strategy, he discusses the legislative process of the EU in general. Before diving into the current payment related files currently under discussion, he explains how Europe has non-bank payment institutions and multiple domestic schemes. He covers the lack of competition and transparency around card payments, the importance of European payment solutions, such as instant payments and the digital euro, and the acceptance of cash. He finishes with a call to all stakeholders in the payments ecosystem to keep engaging with merchants.

Company filings are essential for business research. While current filings are readily accessible, historical filings pose a challenge. Traditionally, researchers used physical archives, but digital collections are becoming available. We evaluated coverage and readability of the Security Exchange Commission (SEC) Historical Filings collection in Mergent Archives by comparing it to a large academic library microfiche collection. The digital Mergent Archives collection had high coverage for Annual Financial Reports, but we found gaps in certain years and filing types that could impede business researchers. Our findings provide insight into alternatives to physical SEC filing collections and a framework for comparing microfiche and digital collections.

File systems are key operating system components because they store and retrieve files as needed. Traditional hierarchical file systems no longer suit current users’ expectations in organizing extensive collections of files for easy retrieval based on intrinsic and user-defined properties. The number of files in users’ collections is growing substantially, partly because of the ease with which consumer devices capture information. With the enormous capacity of contemporary storage devices and the rising trend of users storing their data in the cloud, they only fuel the number of files needing to be managed. We suggest that current file systems require an enhanced technique of data organization and access so that users can properly handle these ever-increasing data collections. File systems are key operating system components because they store and retrieve files as needed. This study offers improvements to the conventional Hierarchical File System to improve file organization and retrieval through built-in querying capabilities and support filesystem-level operations that execute significant amounts of metadata updates. This is accomplished using attributes (name-value pairs) in a file collection hierarchy. A series of improvements to the HFS introduce the “AttFS” file system. These improvements include using attributes rather than names, logical collections rather than directories, and introducing a query language to the API. We assess the expressive capacity of the resulting model, demonstrate that it solves the relevant shortcomings of traditional file systems in this space, and compare our new approach to those provided by others and our earlier work. We conclude that attributes are better suited than tags to overcome traditional HFS shortcomings.

Currently, numerous privately-owned enterprises are being nationalized in Russia. Instead of conducting formal expropriation, the state argues the illegality of the current ownership structures and files lawsuits to achieve the transfer of company shares into state ownership. Predominantly, claims based on the Civil Code are raised. For example, the state can demand the reversal of long-past privatisations, request a confiscatory reversal of contracts that violate statutory regulations on investments in so-called strategic enterprises in accordance with Article 169 of the RF Civil Code, or invoke Article 235 Paragraph 2 Subparagraph 8 of the RF Civil Code, which allows for the confiscation of assets in the event of a violation of anti-corruption regulations. The courts generally uphold these claims and, to the detriment of the defendants, deviate from the usual practice regarding the statute of limitations, bona fide acquisition, and acquisitive prescription, as well as the prohibition on retroactive application of laws. However, these legal concepts have not only been shaped by legal practice but also have a constitutional dimension that is mainly ignored by the courts. Nevertheless, the formal legality of the procedure could, for example, make it more difficult in an investment protection dispute to prove that such transfers of company shares into state ownership constitute an expropriation.

Abstract Addiction issues in older adults are prevalent, yet often undetected or untreated, and can contribute to poor physical health, increased disability, and earlier mortality. The current study describes state rates of substance use indicators of older adults 65+ in NH, MI, and WY, and drug overdose deaths for all ages. These three states were chosen due to the high percentages of older adults residing in rural areas. The data sources are the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2013-2020) and the Medicare Current Beneficiary Summary File (2018). Small area estimation techniques were used to calculate age-sex-adjusted community rates for more than 150 health indicators. This research examines disparities in rates for three substance use and abuse-related indicators: substance (drug and alcohol) use disorder, tobacco use disorder, and opioid deaths. Substance use disorders rates among 65+: MI 3.9%, NH 5.5%, and WY 2.4%. Tobacco Use Disorder or Current Smoker among adults 65+: MI 13.1%, NH 10.4%, and WY 11.1%. Drug overdose deaths (all ages): MI n=2,137, NH n=1,279, and WY n=1,225. Results showed variability in rates across states. MI had the highest community rates of tobacco use/smoking rates and drug overdose deaths. NH had the lowest rates for smoking but the highest rates for substance use disorders. Wyoming had the lowest substance use disorder rates and lowest drug overdose deaths. Understanding the distribution of rates makes disparities evident and may aid practitioners and policymakers in allocating resources to areas of highest need.

Approximately 50% of Americans report having low health insurance literacy, leading to uncertainty when choosing their insurance coverage to best meet their healthcare needs. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between lack of prescription drug benefit knowledge and problems paying medical bills among Medicare beneficiaries. We analysed the 2021 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey Public Use File of 5586 Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥ 65 years. The binary dependent variable was whether beneficiaries had problems paying medical bills in the past year. The categorical independent variable was how much beneficiaries knew about the Medicare prescription drug benefit. A survey-weighted multivariable logit model, adjusted for covariates (e.g., socio-demographics, comorbidities, private insurance coverage, and satisfaction with out-of-pocket costs), was conducted to examine the association between the independent variable and problems paying medical bills. Approximately 4.3% of study beneficiaries (~2.0 million beneficiaries) reported problems paying medical bills. Of those without and with problems paying medical bills, 27.7% and 39.6%, respectively, reported knowing little/almost nothing about prescription drug benefits. Beneficiaries aged 65-74 years (marginal effect [ME] = 2.1%, p < 0.01), with comorbidities (e.g., ≥ 4 conditions, ME = 3.8%, p < 0.001), dissatisfaction with out-of-pocket costs (ME = 10.1%, p < 0.001), without private insurance (e.g., employer-sponsored insurance, ME = 2.5%, p < 0.01), or with little/almost no knowledge of prescription drug benefits (ME = 1.9%, p < 0.05) were more likely to report problems paying medical bills compared to their counterparts. Tailored programmes aimed at improving beneficiaries' knowledge of prescription drug benefits, reducing out-of-pocket costs and preventing comorbidities may be considered for the at-risk population to address the problem.

Objective: To summarize and analyze the application of traditional technology in preparing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations in medical institutions in Shaanxi Province after implementing the “Implementation Rules for the Record Management of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparations in Medical Institutions in Shaanxi Province (Trial)” (“Implementation Rules”), and to provide a reference for the filing of TCM preparations. Methods: The TCM preparations recorded by medical institutions in Shaanxi Province since March 2019 were statistically summarized. The filing status was comprehensively and systematically analyzed based on the number of institutions and preparations, the ratio of commissioned to self-production, dosage form distribution, and the level of medical institutions. Results: Since implementing the Implementation Rules, a total of 479 TCM preparations have been filed in the province. Among these, 262 were commissioned for production, and 217 were self-produced, covering 17 dosage forms such as granules, pills, capsules, mixtures, and powders. A total of 86 medical institutions have filed preparations, most of which are located in Xi’an, Xianyang, and Weinan, with these three cities accounting for the largest number of filings. Conclusion: The policy on the TCM preparation filing system has been widely recognized and deeply implemented in Shaanxi Province. Third-level medical institutions are the primary contributors to preparation filings. Regional differences exist in the development of preparation filing, indicating significant potential for further growth in the province’s filing efforts.

Global warming and net zero transition are the two biggest challenges currently faced by the building industry in the UK. While the net zero transition primarily focuses on the problems of energy efficiency and heat decarbonization, the rise of global temperature imposes a significant threat to the health and wellbeing of occupants and the industry is obliged to make buildings climate-resilient by testing their designs using future weather files. To improve the quality of the current weather files, a new project has been commissioned by CIBSE to revisit the data and the methodology employed for creating future weather files and produce new CIBSE weather files using the latest UK Climate Projections released in 2018 (UKCP18). In this study, we evaluate the newly produced weather files for overheating risk using building simulation. Two different batches of weather files were curated. The first batch was produced primarily using the existing methodology for creating the UKCP09 based weather files, with an adjustment to accommodate new features of the UKCP18 and an improved procedure for morphing the solar radiation data. The second batch was created through an improved morphing process to better emulate the characteristics of distributions of climatic variables. The differences between the existing UKCP09 and new UCKP18 based weather files are compared by evaluating overheating metrics. The new weather files enable robust building performance assessment against future climate conditions under different scenarios and will play an important role in designing climate-resilient buildings and delivering a net zero built environment. Practical applications As the extreme weather events resulting from climate change become more frequent and intense, they pose significant challenges to the resilience of the built environment and severe threats to the health and wellbeing of the occupants. Climate data, which serves as the foundation for climate risk assessment, plays a critical role in helping the building sector to achieve climate resilience through the means of performance assessment and the channel of regulatory compliance. In this study, the revised future weather files created using the latest UKCP18 climate projections are presented and evaluated using building simulation, as part of the weather file testing programme for quality assurance. The revision of the CIBSE weather files according to the latest climate science, i.e. UKCP18, will enable the building industry to quantify overheating risks with more accurate climate assumptions and better inform decision making about risk mitigation and climate adaptation.

Climate change significantly affects the operating environment of buildings. These changes impact both energy efficiency and occupants’ comfort and remain crucial even in building restoration, where design decisions typically rely on historical data, yet performance depends on anticipated future scenarios. The present work evaluates the impact of different climate datasets on dynamic energy simulations for an educational building in Central Italy, focusing on estimating heating demands across historical, current, and future climatic scenarios. The assessment considers both the building’s current state and potential energy-efficient retrofits. Initially, various meteorological datasets, including measured and model-generated data, are selected to predict key weather parameters. The analysis reveals the potential and limitations of regional climate models (RCMs) in estimating these variables, with the MM5 dataset emerging as the most reliable. Subsequently, the energy performance of the reference building and its vulnerability to climate change are assessed. Our results show significant differences in energy demand based on construction periods, with the oldest section consuming 29% to 54% more energy monthly than the newer sections. Moreover, using non-representative climatic files can lead to prediction errors of up to 199%. Finally, the building’s energy behaviour is analysed under future climate conditions by generating typical meteorological years (TMYs) for 2030, 2050, and 2070. This analysis evaluates the energy requirements for both existing and retrofitted building configurations. The findings confirm that retrofit interventions with high-performance insulation and upgraded windows significantly enhance the building’s energy efficiency and resilience to future climate conditions, leading to annual energy savings of 50% to 57%.