Cost-effective high-performance poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/sodium lignosulfonate composite films with enhanced biodegradability, UV protection and oxygen barrier properties.

Abstract We take initial steps towards a general framework for constructing logical gates in general quantum CSS codes. Viewing CSS codes as cochain complexes, we observe that cohomology invariants naturally give rise to diagonal logical gates. We show that such invariants exist if the quantum code has a structure that relaxes certain properties of a differential graded algebra. We show how to equip quantum codes with such a structure by defining cup products on CSS codes. The logical gates obtained from this approach can be implemented by a constant-depth unitary circuit. In particular, we construct a $$\Lambda $$ Λ -fold cup product that can produce a logical operator in the $$\Lambda $$ Λ -th level of the Clifford hierarchy on $$\Lambda $$ Λ copies of the same quantum code, which we call the copy-cup gate . For any desired $$\Lambda $$ Λ , we can construct several families of quantum codes that support gates in the $$\Lambda $$ Λ -th level with various asymptotic code parameters.

This study investigates the thickness distribution behavior of deep drawing cup products under the influence of various forming parameters, die radius, punch velocity, blank holder force, sheet thickness, and sheet metal type. Three types of sheet metal were used: low carbon steel (AISI 1008), aluminum (1100), and brass (CuZn30), in sheets of 80 mm diameter circular blanks with thicknesses of 0.7 and 1 mm, formed by a tooling set (die, punch, and blank holder). The die radius profile at R4 and R6 was used, where the punch velocities were 100, 150, and 200 mm/min. ABAQUS/CAE was used for numerical simulation, and a dynamic explicit solver was employed to form cylindrical cup products. The results show that for three metals, higher punch speeds tend to increase strain localization, and maximum thinning occurs at the punch nose radius; the maximum thickening in the sidewall region and thinning are increased with the decrease of die radius. It was also found that the r-value of the Lankford coefficients plays a significant role in thinning behavior in relation to rolling (r-value direction). The results also indicate that aluminum alloys are relatively formable, but they are highly sensitive to process variables, specifically blank holder pressure and sheet thickness. Wrinkles are reduced by increased blank holder force, but higher values cause tearing near the punch corners. All of the materials showed a similar thinning behavior during the deep drawing process, in spite of the variations in their mechanical properties. The results have shown a strong agreement between experimental and numerical work with a maximum discrepancy of 5 %.

ABSTRACT This article examines processes related to platformization in the case of the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup. Focusing specifically on how this edition was produced and consumed on TikTok, we are primarily concerned with how World Cup-related content was engaged with by users who, in this case, are assumed also to be fans or followers of football. Drawing together insights from digital sociology, the sociology of football, and the cultural production of platforms, this study argues that patterns identified on TikTok reveal how (dis)continuity in production and consumption of the World Cup affords multiple and distinct peaks of interest that do not necessarily align with the World Cup’s natural flow. Importantly, this showcases (i) how the World Cup is characterized by platformization processes in modern societies and (ii) that this platform offers a culturally and socially important space for narratives, ideas, and images to develop.

Investigation of Failure Mechanisms in Hot Forging Dies for Top Cup Production

Abstract Deep cup-shaped products of cold rolled sheet metal are produced by multiple deep drawing stages. Adjusting the tooling during production for a product or material change can only be carried out by appropriately trained and experienced employees. One reason for the complexity of the tool change is the static overdetermination of the tool system which leaves no degree of freedom for the punch. Therefore, the alignment of the punch to the die has to be very precise. Coaxial misalignment induces changes in wall thickness distributions concerning the circumference of the cup, leading to defects. To reduce the effort for reconfiguration, a tool concept for a deep drawing tool for circular parts is presented, which can compensate the inaccuracies in the alignment with guidance near the forming zone. In this finite element (FE) simulation study, the effects of coaxial misalignment and alignment of the punch and the die on both tools are modelled. The results of the wall thickness distribution is then compared and evaluated. Furthermore, the validity of the results is determined through a experiment on a deep drawing demonstrator. The approach offers the potential for a reduction in both set-up time and the number of defective cups with deviating wall thicknesses, which results in a more resilient production of cup-shaped products.

As a result of the political, social, economic, scientific changes that have happened in the twentieth century, a new thinking, new arts have became appeared and the companies competition, encouraged designers to create innovative product forms including exotic product designs. One of them is the ceramic cup, a functional and universal product used across cultures, with design variations. Cups were chosen as the object of research because it is relevant to measure differences in design preferences across two contrasting cultures. This research compares the preference of Indonesians and Iraqis to find out the design criteria that are of concern to each. The urgency of this comparison lies in the significant cultural differences between Asia and the Middle East, as well as the huge market potential in both countries with the rapid growth of the creative industry. The method used is comparative. The research population was Indonesian and Iraqi interior design students, with purposive sampling technique. Data collection through questionnaires, respondents were asked to rank the most favorite designs, then the results were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and using the evaluation criteria (key Jury criteria) for product design from the Cairo Design Award (CDA 2023) to analyze product characteristics. The results show that both Indonesia and Iraq prioritize creativity, innovation, novelty, and originality, which can be considered universal factors interest of products. The difference lies in visual communication is more important for Indonesian, while innovation is the main attraction for Iraqi consumers, this is reflecting the cultural background. Keywords: Exotic Product Design, Consumer Preference, Cultural Comparison, Design Criteria

After introducing the notion of uniform integrality of critical values of the Rankin–Selberg L L -functions for G L n × G L n − 1 \mathrm {GL}_{n}\times \mathrm {GL}_{n-1} , we study it when the base field is totally imaginary. For this purpose, we adopt specific models with highest weight representations of the general linear groups, construct the Eichler–Shimura classes for G L n \mathrm {GL}_{n} and G L n − 1 \mathrm {GL}_{n-1} in an explicit manner, and then evaluate the cohomological cup product of them, by making the best use of Gel′fand–Tsetlin basis.

Cup product, Frölicher-Nijenhuis bracket and the derived bracket associated to Hom-Lie algebras

Background/Objectives: Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of cementless acetabular cups with porous surfaces that facilitate early osseointegration. Directed energy deposition (DED), a form of AM, allows the direct welding of porous structures onto metal substrates without requiring a vacuum environment, offering advantages over conventional powder bed fusion methods. Despite growing interest in DED, no prospective clinical studies evaluating DED-based acetabular components have been published to date. This study assessed short-term outcomes of a DED-based 3D-printed acetabular cup in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods: A total of 120 patients who underwent primary cementless THA using the Corentec Mirabo Z® acetabular cup were prospectively enrolled. Among them, 124 hips from 100 patients who had completed a minimum of 24 months of follow-up were included in the analysis. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Harris hip score (HHS), WOMAC, EQ-5D-5L, and pain NRS. Radiographic evaluation included measurements of cup position, osseointegration, and detection of interfacial or polar gaps on CT and plain radiographs. Implant-related complications were also recorded. Results: At a mean follow-up of 34.6 months, the implant survival rate was 99.3%, with one revision due to suspected osseointegration failure. The HHS improved from 56.6 to 91.4 at 24 months, and the NRS decreased from 6.2 to 1.1 (both p < 0.001). Interfacial gaps were observed in 58.1% of cases on CT, though most were <1 mm and not clinically significant. Common postoperative issues included greater trochanteric pain syndrome, squeaking, and iliotibial band tightness, all of which were resolved with conservative treatment. Conclusions: DED-based 3D-printed acetabular cups demonstrated favorable short-term clinical and radiographic outcomes, with high survivorship and reliable early osseointegration in cementless THA.

Production of disposable biodegradable cups based on watermelon peel waste modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles and red cabbage extract

Injection molding is widely used in large-scale manufacturing due to its efficiency in producing plastic products. One such product is the sample cup, used in the medical field for liquid sample storage. An inefficient runner system in injection molding can cause uneven material distribution, leading to defects and material waste. This study aims to simulate the injection molding process for a 12-cavity mold, optimizing the runner system and designing a three-plate mold for sample cup production. Product and mold designs were created using Autodesk Inventor Professional, and injection molding simulations were performed using Moldflow Plastic Insight to determine the optimal runner layout. The simulation results indicated that runner layout 1 was superior, with improved performance in terms of fill time (0.8028 s), pressure at switchover (85.93), sink index (0.4359%), volumetric shrinkage (10.50%), and cycle time (50 s). Based on these results, layout 1 was selected for the three-plate mold.

Manufacturers of bottled drinking water (AMDK) experience quality problems, namely the presence of defective products in each production that have not reached zero defects, especially in the 240 ml glass packaging production line which has the most product defects. Six Sigma can be defined as a methodology that provides tools for business process improvement with the aim of reducing process variation and improving product quality using the DMAIC approach (define, measure, analyze, improve and control). From the results of data measurement, it is obtained that for critical to quality (CTQ) locks based on the Pareto diagram, that 80% of the highest defects are in the type of lid defect where the lid defect itself consists of a lid leak, a lid rupture and an oblique lid. For the sigma level of bottled drinking water production at PT. XYZ before the application of the DMAIC method is 4.98 Sigma. And after the application of the DMAIC method is 5.00 Sigma. Then proceed with analyzing the causes of lid defects using causal diagrams and failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). From the analysis of the cause and effect diagram, the factors that cause disability come from machine, material and human factors. Meanwhile, the RPN value before the application of the FMEA method was 221 RPN. And after the application of the FMEA method, the RPN value is 209 RPN. To improve the problem, it is necessary to check the condition of the sealing unit before carrying out the production process and sand the sealing unit once a week on an already uneven surface.

We propose a family of explicit geometrically local circuits on a 2-dimensional planar grid of qudits, realizing any abelian non-chiral topological phase as an actively error-corrected fault-tolerant memory. These circuits are constructed from measuring 1-form symmetries in discrete fixed-point path integrals, which we express through cellular cohomology and higher-order cup products. The specific path integral we use is the abelian Dijkgraaf-Witten state sum on a 3-dimensional cellulation, which is a spacetime representation of the twisted quantum double model. The resulting circuits are based on a syndrome extraction circuit of the (qudit) stabilizer toric code, into which we insert non-Clifford phase gates that implement the “twist&amp;apos;&amp;apos;. The overhead compared to the toric code is moderate, in contrast to known constructions for twisted abelian phases. We also show that other architectures for the (qudit) toric code phase, like measurement-based topological quantum computation or Floquet codes, can be enriched with phase gates to implement twisted quantum doubles instead of their untwisted versions. As a further result, we prove fault tolerance under arbitrary local (including non-Pauli) noise for a very general class of topological circuits that we call 1-form symmetric fixed-point circuits. This notion unifies the circuits in this paper as well as the stabilizer toric code, subsystem toric code, measurement-based topological quantum computation, or the (CSS) honeycomb Floquet code. We also demonstrate how our method can be adapted to construct fault-tolerant circuits for specific non-Abelian phases. In the appendix we present an explicit combinatorial procedure to define formulas for higher cup products on arbitrary cellulations, which might be interesting in its own right to the TQFT and topological-phases community.

Abstract Let Γ be a finite graph and let $A(\Gamma)$ be the corresponding right-angled Artin group. From an arbitrary basis $\mathcal B$ of $H^1(A(\Gamma),\mathbb F)$ over an arbitrary field, we construct a natural graph $\Gamma_{\mathcal B}$ from the cup product, called the cohomology basis graph. We show that $\Gamma_{\mathcal B}$ always contains Γ as a subgraph. This provides an effective way to reconstruct the defining graph Γ from the cohomology of $A(\Gamma)$, to characterize the planarity of the defining graph from the algebra of $A(\Gamma)$ and to recover many other natural graph-theoretic invariants. We also investigate the behaviour of the cohomology basis graph under passage to elementary subminors and show that it is not well-behaved under edge contraction.

This study aims to identify, analyze, and provide solutions to bottlenecks in the plastic cup production process at PT 'X'. The bottleneck caused by static electricity lamps led to a decrease in production efficiency, with a downtime of up to 20 minutes per day and a reduction in capacity by 450,000 cups per month. The Capacity Requirement Planning (CRP) method and cycle time analysis were employed to evaluate machine capacity and identify the root causes of production constraints. After improvements, including the addition of static electricity eliminators, the cycle time was optimized from 0.108 seconds/cup to 0.0864 seconds/cup, downtime significantly reduced to 2 minutes per day, and defective products decreased by up to 80%. Production capacity increased from 2.4 million to 3 million cups per day, meeting the target. This study highlights that eliminating bottlenecks through technological optimization can significantly enhance production efficiency and the company's competitiveness.

Cup Product, Fr\"{O}Licher-Nijenhuis Bracket and the Derived Bracket Associated to Hom-Lie Algebras

Abstract This paper discusses the development of synthetic cohomology in Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT), as well as its computer formalisation. The objectives of this paper are (1) to generalise previous work on integral cohomology in HoTT by the current authors and Brunerie (2022) to cohomology with arbitrary coefficients and (2) to provide the mathematical details of, as well as extend, results underpinning the computer formalisation of cohomology rings by the current authors and Lamiaux (2023). With respect to objective (1), we provide new direct definitions of the cohomology group operations and of the cup product, which, just as in the previous work by the current authors and Brunerie (2022), enable significant simplifications of many earlier proofs in synthetic cohomology theory. In particular, the new definition of the cup product allows us to give the first complete formalisation of the axioms needed to turn the cohomology groups into a graded commutative ring. We also establish that this cohomology theory satisfies the HoTT formulation of the Eilenberg–Steenrod axioms for cohomology and study the classical Mayer–Vietoris and Gysin sequences. With respect to objective (2), we characterise the cohomology groups and rings of various spaces, including the spheres, torus, Klein bottle, real/complex projective planes, and infinite real projective space. All results have been formalised in Cubical Agda, and we obtain multiple new numbers, similar to the famous ‘Brunerie number’, which can be used as benchmarks for computational implementations of HoTT. Some of these numbers are infeasible to compute in Cubical Agda and hence provide new computational challenges and open problems which are much easier to define than the original Brunerie number.

Cup products and the higher topological complexity of configuration spaces of the circle with two anchored points

abstract: Let $f$ be a cuspidal eigenform of weight two and level $N$, let $p\nmid N$ be a prime at which $f$ is congruent to an Eisenstein series and let $V_f$ denote the $p$-adic Tate module of $f$. Beilinson constructed a class $\kappa_f\in H^1(\Q,V_f(1))$ arising from the cup product of two Siegel units and proved a striking relationship with the first derivative $L'(f,0)$ at the near central point $s=0$ of the $L$-series of $f$, which led him to formulate his celebrated conjecture. In this note we prove two congruence formulae relating the ``motivic part'' of $L'(f,0)$ $(\ns\bmod p)$ and $L''(f,0)$ $(\ns\bmod p)$ with circular units. The proofs make use of delicate Galois properties satisfied by various integral lattices within $V_f$ and exploits Perrin-Riou's, Coleman's and Kato's work on the Euler systems of circular units and Beilinson--Kato elements and, most crucially, the work of Sharifi, Fukaya--Kato, and Ohta.