Level Of Cultural Intelligence Research Articles

Analysis and Examination of the Role of Cultural Intelligence and Strategic Thinking in Organizations (A Review Study)

Objective: The present study analyzes and examines the role of cultural intelligence and strategic thinking in organizations. Methods: This research was conducted descriptively using library resources and written information and data. Findings: In recent decades, due to the expansion and creation of various formal and informal organizations and institutions, as well as the increasing growth of relationships and information among these organizations through various means such as virtual spaces, media, etc., competition among them has intensified. Among these, organizations succeed whose leaders possess high cultural intelligence and strategic thinking in specific situations. The fast-paced world of today has confronted organizations, as the fundamental foundations of society, with extensive changes. The findings of the research showed that having cultural intelligence is a vital need for all managers and employees. Successful managers learn well the key to dealing with different national, transnational, and organizational cultures and make the most of their teachings. This type of intelligence improves the understanding and comprehension of intercultural interactions. Conclusion: For an individual to be recognized as culturally intelligent, they must be able to make correct judgments in situations with various perceptions and cues and gain an accurate understanding of that situation. Individuals with higher levels of cultural intelligence have greater control over expressing emotions and physical states, leading to the growth and development of the organization.

КОНЦЕПЦИЯ КУЛЬТУРНОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В ПРАКТИКЕ ОБУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ КАК ИНОСТРАННОМУ

In the context of increasing intercultural interaction in education, the knowledge of specific features in other cultures and the ability to use the tools enabling more effective intercultural communication in the educational process is of particular importance. The concept of cultural intelligence is aimed at successful intercultural communication, but now its description in the field of language learning is fragmentary. The purpose of the article is to analyze the concept of cultural intelligence and to highlight characteristics relevant to teaching a foreign language (on the example of Russian as a foreign language). The paper describes the concept of cultural intelligence, as well as the main directions of the application of the theory in an educational context (from the teacher’s perspective, from the student’s perspective and from the teaching materials’ perspective). The study’s novelty is related to the analysis of learning materials for their potential to have a meaningful impact on the level of cultural intelligence of students. Comprehensive understanding of the above- mentioned issues allow highlighting the key areas of empirical research that exist now, as well as outlining the prospects for further research. Thereupon, of particular interest are the studies of cultural intelligence and ethnic identity of students in the context of the mutual influence of these parameters on the organization of the educational process and academic results of students

The relation between hotel employees' cultural intelligence levels, conflict management styles, and career satisfaction

The study's objective is to determine the effect of cultural intelligence levels of hotel employees on conflict management styles, correspondingly, to study the effects of cultural intelligence and conflict management styles on the career satisfaction of hotel employees. In the study, conflicts between employees and guests were examined. The study's target population is employees working in 5-star hotel businesses in Turkey. Findings showed that cultural knowledge affects problem-solving positively; forcing, avoiding and career satisfaction negatively; cultural ability affects avoiding positively; problem-solving negatively; cultural metacognition positively affects compromising, yielding, problem-solving, avoiding and career satisfaction positively. It was also found that compromising positively affects career satisfaction. It is thought that the results obtained from the study can provide important information concerning cultural intelligence, conflict management styles and career satisfaction to the owners, managers and employees of the hospitality industry and academicians working in this field. Since there are limited studies on these issues in the international tourism literature, it is considered that the study is important as it is possible that it can contribute to the literature and new studies.

CULTURAL INTELLIGENCE AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLE OF LUPONG TAGAPAMAYAPA IN MALITA, DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

The research focused on determining how cultural intelligence influences the conflict management styles of lupong tagapamayapa in Malita, Davao Occidental using correlation research design. The sample included 180 participants who completed the adapted survey questionnaire using the stratified random sampling technique. The mean, percentage, Spearman correlation analysis, and regression analysis are the statistical tools used in the study. The study revealed that the majority of respondents (81.1 percent) were males aged 4560 years old, had completed elementary school, worked as lupong tagapamayapa for 1015 years, and belonged to the Bisaya ethnic group. Henceforth, the results on the level of cultural intelligence among members of Lupong Tagapamayapa revealed that metacognitive got the highest grand mean of 4.64 and cognitive got the lowest mean of 3.25. Furthermore, other results revealed the level of conflict management styles of lupon members of lupong tagapamayapa. It was disclosed that compromising as one of the indicators got the highest mean of 4.82 and the lowest mean of 3.41 was the indicator of collaborating. Moreover, the significant results on the relationship between cultural intelligence and conflict management styles among members of Lupong Tagapamayapa revealed that metacognitive with a p-value of 0.38 and cognitive with a p-value of 0.06 were not significant to the conflict management styles, while motivational with a p-value of 0.01 and behavioral with a p-value of 0.03 were significant to the conflict management styles with an overall cultural intelligence grand mean of 3.97 and a management style grand mean of 4.36. In addition, the predictors that influence cultural intelligence on conflict management styles among members of Lupong Tagapamayapa revealed that motivational with a p-value of 0.01 and behavioral with a p-value of 0.02 were the prevailing indicators that significantly influence cultural intelligence on conflict management styles.

The road to an international career: The “Erasmus effect” on resilience, intercultural interactions and cultural intelligence

This study is part of a framework that views study abroad programs as an opportunity for experiential and transformative learning. Using a mixed-methods approach with a quantitative multi-wave study, this research examined the relationship between cultural intelligence and the internationalism career anchor – the individual predisposition and desire for international mobility for work. This study considers the role of resilience and intercultural interactions as predictors of cultural intelligence. In addition, we examined the transformative learning process by relating the development of cultural intelligence to specific critical incidents or critical experiences in intercultural interactions that can be considered triggers of the learning process. A sample of 170 outgoing Italian Erasmus students completed a self-report questionnaire prior to departure and another upon return home. The study also included a control group (n = 52) consisting of students from the same university who had not participated in the Erasmus program. The results revealed the positive value of the Erasmus experience, particularly in terms of strengthening the internationalism career anchor, cognitive cultural intelligence and resilience. The results also showed that students’ pre-departure resilience and intercultural interactions with other international students from different countries can explain higher levels of cultural intelligence and the desire to work abroad or take on global work assignments. No significant change across time was found for the same variables in the control group. In addition, the critical experiences reported by students highlighted a strong cognitive and motivational component associated with the Erasmus program. Some practical implications for higher education are discussed.

An Investigation of the cultural intelligence of pre-service music teachers in Turkish Universities

Culture constitutes all the values of a society; they are all the building blocks that can be transferred, renewed, and come from the past to the present. Turkey is a diverse, rich and culturally diverse country. In today's world, the concept of cultural intelligence, which is necessary for people to adapt in different and multicultural environments is substantial. In this context, it is extremely important for music teachers to adapt in multicultural environments for their efficient work. This purpose of this study is to investigate of pre-service music teachers’ cultural intelligence and to determine by some variables whether differ or not. This study was conducted with quantitative research methods. Descriptive analysis, Independent Group t-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Kruskal Wallis-H Test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used. In study, which was carried out with quantitative research, 278 participants who study at seven various regions of Turkey in the 2020-2021 academic year. It has been determined that the cultural intelligence levels are at a good level and the relations between them are positive. Cultural intelligence levels of participants do not differ significantly by the gender, age, university, parents' education status. Solely it was found statistically significant whether there was someone involved in music in the family in metacognition and cognition sub-dimensions. As a result, it was seen that the cultural intelligence levels of the pre-service music teachers were good and generally did not differ according to demographic variables. The novelty of this study is that the framework has identified preservice music teachers’ cultural intelligence levels in Turkey. Furthermore, this study can be a point of reference to stakeholders and researchers on this music education axis. The findings of this study also serve to foresee education sector about the issues related to the implementations of higher institutions of teacher educations.

Teaching Locally, Acting Globally: The Effect of Pre-Service Teachers' Cultural Intelligence Levels on Their Perceptions of Global Citizens

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cultural intelligence and global citizenship. The study group of the research consisted of 336 pre-service teachers, including pedagogical formation students, selected by a random sampling method from a state university in eastern Turkey, where the immigrant population is dense. Both the "Cultural Intelligence Scale" and "Global Citizenship Scale" were used as data collection tools. In order to statistically determine the levels of cultural intelligence and global citizenship by demographic variables, independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were employed by the researcher. Likewise, while the Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was implemented to examine the relationships among the variables, multiple regression analysis was used to determine the predictive coefficients between the variables. Based on the research findings, cultural intelligence was positively correlated with global citizenship. The behavioral dimension of cultural intelligence was the best predictor of global competence. Cultural intelligence levels of pre-service teachers seem to have a significant impact on shaping their process of becoming global citizens. If a person could be able to change his or her body language, spoken language, expressions, and behaviors when encountering any person or people from different ethnic groups and identities, this would mean that s/he is using the behavioral component of cultural intelligence. In this respect, cultural intelligence facilitates being a global citizen and increases adaptation. Therefore, the dimension of cultural intelligence evidently appears to be an essential factor for global citizenship.

The Role of Career Adaptability and Cultural Intelligence and its Implications for Migrant Workers

The steady upsurge of international labor migration has raised new and important questions for career scholars: how do migrant workers adjust to their new roles and environment and what accounts for their successful adjustment? In the research reported here, we invoke the fundamental principles of Career Construction Theory (Savickas, 2013) to examine whether the interactive influence of career adaptability and cultural intelligence can facilitate migrant workers’ adjustment to work and life in a foreign environment. We also examined the subsequent influence of adjustment on work (i.e., job performance and retention) and psychological health (i.e., life satisfaction) outcomes. This proposed moderated mediation model was tested with two time-lagged and multi-source field samples. Study 1 showed that migrant workers’ career adaptability promotes work and general adjustment, which in turn enhances their job performance, retention intentions, and life satisfaction. Study 2 demonstrated that the indirect effects of career adaptability on work and psychological health outcomes via work and general adjustment were stronger for migrant workers with high, rather than low, levels of cultural intelligence. Implications for research and practice are discussed along with the study limitations and opportunities for future research.

Home and away: How career adaptability and cultural intelligence facilitate international migrant workers' adjustment

The steady upsurge of international labor migration has raised new and important questions for career scholars: how do migrant workers adjust to their work and living conditions and what accounts for their successful adaptation? We address these issues in two time-lagged and multi-source field studies involving Filipino migrant workers in the Middle East. In Study 1, we found that migrant workers' career adaptability promotes work and general adjustment, which in turn enhances their work (i.e., job performance and retention) and psychological health (i.e., life satisfaction) outcomes. In Study 2, we found that the indirect effects of career adaptability on work and psychological health outcomes via work and general adjustment were stronger for migrant workers with high, rather than low, levels of cultural intelligence. Implications for research and practice are discussed along with the study limitations and opportunities for future research.

Iraqi EFL University Students' Cultural Intelligence and Language Proficiency: A Correlational Study

This study investigates the relationship between cultural intelligence and language proficiency as well as seeks to identify Iraqi EFL University students' cultural intelligence levels. To this end, 400 students were selected randomly from different Iraqi universities / Colleges of Education/ English Departments / during the academic year (2020- 2021) as a sample for this study. Those 400 students were asked to respond to a cultural intelligence scale containing 20 items. After validating the adopted scale, Iraqi EFL University students' cultural intelligence was measured and compared by using ANOVA. Findings indicated that Iraqi EFL University students possess a good level of cultural intelligence and there is a significant relationship between cultural intelligence and Language Proficiency. Finally, the results were discussed and some suggestions were made for further studies.

Reconciling Conflicting Results of Cultural Diversity’s Effect on Project Team Performance: A Quasi-Experimental Examination

Guided by the Categorization-Elaboration Model, we developed and tested a model to reconcile the conflicting results of cultural diversity’s influence on team performance. Previous theory and studies have inconsistent arguments and evidence regarding cultural diversity’s effects on team performance. We recognize that member cultural diversity is one possible influence on the variety and meanings of messages generated within groups, and the messages’ meanings may then affect performance. Work-related information sharing, including information sharing openness and uniqueness, is proposed as an underlying mechanism that translates the effect of cultural diversity to project team performance. Additionally, team cultural intelligence may moderate the relationship between cultural diversity and the information sharing processes. Participants constituted three types of teams: all American ( N = 32 teams), all Chinese ( N = 34 teams), and mixed ( N = 38 teams), in which team members finished a business problem identification task collectively. Results showed that in culturally diverse teams, high levels of cultural intelligence amplified the positive relationship between cultural diversity and information sharing uniqueness, which in turn led to higher team performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Diagnosis of the level of cultural intelligence among students of economics universities in Poland

An analysis of literature shows that higher education institutions can actively influence the development of students' cultural intelligence (CQ) and thus express their social responsibility. The article's main aim is to diagnose the level of cultural intelligence among students of public economics universities in Poland and to determine the relationship between CQ and factors such as field of study, degree, and gender. This article was developed using research methods such as literature analysis, organizational documentation analysis, participant observation, and a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) survey. The respondents were second-year full-time students, both bachelor and master’s degree, of two majors: Management and International Economic Relations (in Polish Międzynarodowe Stosunki Gospodarcze – MSG for short). The study shows that the cultural intelligence of students of public economics universities in Poland is relatively high. No influence of gender on CQ was determined. Contrary to assumptions, it was not observed that MSG studies influence students' CQ development. The correlation between the degree of reflection and the level of cultural intelligence differs depending on the field of study. At each of the three universities studied, no significant differences were found in the overall level of cultural intelligence between students of the two studied majors.

Effect of Prior International Experience on Cultural Intelligence Level and Cross-Cultural Adjustment Among Temporary Project Team

Globalisation is no longer a new phenomenon in recent years. Many businesses employ eligible expatriates to work in their organisations, including the construction sector. The ability of an expatriate to adapt effectively across cultures is commonly referred to as cultural intelligence (CQ) and cross-cultural adjustment (CCA). Both are cited as essential factors for expatriate performance in the international workplace. Nevertheless, the interrelationship between the CQ of the international construction project team and CCA has mostly been ignored. Hence, this study intended to explore the correlation between CQ and CCA levels among construction expatriates and further investigated the effect of prior international experience on their CQ and CCA level. Spearman rank correlation and Mann-Whitney U test were conducted on the 191 responses accepted. The results revealed their CQ has positively and significantly correlated with CCA, i.e. general, work and interaction, particularly in motivational CQ. Moreover, expatriates' prior international experience in the study domain could lead expatriates to a lower CQ and a lower adjustment level. Respondents with prior international work experience had a higher CQ level. However, the longer the period of previous international work experience, the weaker the cognitive CQ and behavioural CQ. This study can contribute to the predictors affecting the outcome of international assignments that can be employed to select the right applicants to fit into a multicultural project team in the construction industry.

Can festivals bring social change in an ECoC city? Emotional intelligence and willingness to volunteer among university students

ABSTRACT Veszprém in Hungary was awarded the title of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC) in the year of 2023. The project aims to involve a wide range of audience, with special attention to younger people including university students, however, this depends on their willingness to be involved both as participants and volunteers. The current study aims to assess the willingness of university students to participate as volunteers in the ECoC programme Furthermore it explaines the factors that can influence students' willingness to volunteer, including their cultural consumption patterns, their cultural- and emotional intelligence levels. A survey on the willingness to volunteer in the ECoC project was conducted among Hungarian and international students of the University of Pannonia in 2018 to determine the factors influencing their intentions to participate in the programme. This was followed by a second survey in 2020, focusing on the influence of emotional and cultural intelligence levels of students on their willingness to volunteer in events. The results reveal that the most popular events for both participation and volunteering are pop- and rock concerts, sport and travel programmes, and motivations are stronger when programmes bring mutual benefits to organisers and volunteers. There is a significant positive relationship between cultural intelligence levels as well as emotional intelligence levels of university students and their participation in community leisure activities and cultural events. However, emotional intelligence is not significantly related to willingness to volunteer.

An Evaluation of Turkish Nurses' Cultural Intelligence Levels and Intercultural Communication Apprehension.

This study aims to discuss cultural intelligence levels and intercultural communication apprehension of nurses. This study was designed as a descriptive and cross-sectional study, and it was conducted with 252 nurses working in a hospital in a south city of Turkey. The research data were collected via a "Personal Information Form" designed by the researchers, "The Cultural Intelligence Scale," and "The Intercultural Communication Apprehension Scale." It was concluded that nurses had moderate levels of cultural intelligence and intercultural communication apprehension, which were positively correlated (p < .001). Cultural intelligence levels and intercultural communication apprehension were further correlated with certain variables such as age, gender, job duration, foreign language proficiency, and their experiences in foreign countries (p < .05). In light of the results, it was suggested that moderate levels of intercultural communication apprehension can be a supportive factor in developing cultural intelligence. It was also added that preventing excessive intercultural communication apprehension and supporting nurses to improve language skills and to have abroad experience may be beneficial in developing cultural intelligence.

A Research on the Relation between Cultural Intelligence Levels of Expatriates and Expatriate Effectiveness

Expatriate effectiveness and its components appear as a subject that has been studied by many researchers in the international human resources literature. Cultural intelligence is also seen as another important issue that enables researchers to understand the differentiation between individuals in terms of intercultural harmony and holding on in an unfamiliar environment. In this study, it was aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between cultural intelligence and foreign manager effectiveness. It is thought that examining these two important issues together will contribute to the literature. This research was designed and conducted to examine the relation between cultural intelligence and expatiate effectiveness. In order to analyze the hypotheses that are gathered from the literature, a scale with 37 items was used. The data was collected from 168 participants via convenience sampling method from several countries via questionnaires. In the model of this research, cultural intelligence is an independent variable, expatriate effectiveness is a dependent variable. The analysis of the results showed that cultural intelligence has positive effects on expatriate effectiveness. The expatriate with a high level of cultural intelligence is interested in the culture of the host country to which he/she is sent for duty, he can see the differences between his own culture and this different culture, he is willing to learn this different culture and adapts to the culture of the host country. The expatriate with a high level of cultural intelligence learns the behavioral patterns that are deemed appropriate by the culture of the host country and acts according to these patterns. Thus, interaction takes place between the expatriate and the employees who are citizens of the host country.

Relationship Between Cultural Intelligence with Communication Skills and Social Interactions of Emergency Department Staff: A Cross-sectional Study

Objectives: Globalization is accompanied by cultural diversity. Although cultural differences are considered an integral part of this phenomenon, it seems that language barriers would make communication difficult. This study aimed to investigate how cultural intelligence correlates with the communication skills and social interactions of emergency department (ED) staff members. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 197 ED staff members of three hospitals in Zanjan, Iran, in 2019. The tools used for data collection included the Cultural Intelligence Scale, Communication Skills Scale, and Social Interactions Questionnaire. Results: The results of this study revealed that the participants’ total mean scores of cultural intelligence and communication skills were 85.78 ± 6.24 out of 140 and 55.41 ± 3.9 out of 90, respectively. In terms of social interactions, the mean score of the positive thoughts dimension of the subjects (47.86 ± 4.14) was higher than that of negative thoughts (33.01 ± 3.92). The total score of cultural intelligence had a positive correlation with communication skills; accordingly, an increase in the cultural intelligence level resulted in an increase in positive thoughts and a decrease in negative thoughts (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: An increase in the cultural intelligence of ED staff members is accompanied by an increase in their communication skills and positive thoughts. For the improvement of the communication and service quality of the ED, leaders are recommended to provide some courses to enhance the cultural intelligence and cultural competence of their employees.

Effect of Cultural Intelligence (CI) on Patient Care Services in Private Hospitals at Muscat Governorate

The increasing need for medical care has led to demand for private medical institutions which offer more personalized care. Most of the patients have grown to prefer private medical attention as compared to public medical care due to the better services offered. Nurses interact with patients on a daily basis who are from different cultural backgrounds which makes it essential for them to understand various cultures to be able to interact and effectively serve all the patients visiting the hospital. Private hospitals in Oman receive patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. In this research, an attempt was made to find out the level of Cultural intelligence in various dimensions and to examine the effect of nurses’ cultural intelligence (CI) on patient care services in private hospitals at Muscat governorate. Hence, nurses from Muscat governorate private hospitals were the study's respondents. The data was analysed using the Quartile method, Chi-square, and multiple regression analysis. This research found that the nurses have high level of cultural intelligence in cognitive and meta-cognitive dimensions. On the other hand, majority of the respondents had low level of behavioural dimension of cultural intelligence. And there is no significant relationship between demographic details and the level of cultural intelligence. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated a significant relation between nurse’s cultural intelligence in various dimensions and patient care services.

Exploring residents’ helping and tolerant behavior through the lens of cultural intelligence

Residents' positive behaviors contribute significantly to the maintenance of a harmonious host-guest relationship and the enhancement of the destination image. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence, self-disclosure, emotional closeness, and positive behaviors such as helping and tolerance among residents. A total of 400 Macau residents were surveyed, with data from 359 valid respondents analyzed. The study's findings indicate that residents with a higher level of cultural intelligence are more willing to disclose personal information to others and form emotional bonds with visitors. Additionally, residents with higher cultural intelligence are more likely to engage in helping behaviors, but no correlation between tolerant behaviors and cultural intelligence is discovered. Simultaneously, it is discovered that emotional closeness mediates the relationship between residents' cultural intelligence and their tolerant behaviors. Finally, cultural intelligence is recognized as a necessary component of analyzing residents' helping and tolerant behaviors in tourism destinations.

The level of cultural intelligence among faculty members in Jordanian private universities from the students' point of view

The study aimed to know the level of cultural intelligence among faculty members in Jordanian private universities from the students' point of view, the study used the descriptive survey method, The study sample consisted of (200) male and female students who were selected in a stratified random manner , The study tool was represented by a questionnaire that consisted of (40) items distributed on (3) areas: Behavioral cultural intelligence, motivational cultural intelligence, and cognitive cultural intelligence. The results of the study showed that the level of cultural intelligence among faculty members in Jordanian private universities from the students' point of view was average, with an arithmetic mean of (3.35). The results of the study showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the scale of the level of cultural intelligence among faculty members according to the variable of gender and college, The results of the study also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences according to the educational qualification variable in the areas of behavioral, motivational and cognitive cultural intelligence. And to the existence of statistically significant differences in the field of cultural-behavioral intelligence and in favor of the postgraduate qualification holders.