Cultural Frames Research Articles

Walt’s Art History: Late Style, Digital Aesthetics and the ‘Disney Baroque’

This article examines the critical and cultural framing of the Walt Disney Studio’s cel- and computer-animated feature films according to an enduring art-historical narrative. It traces the critical evolution and historical periodization of Disney animation from the 1930s and 1940s to the post-millennial period, arguing that the studio has often been understood according to ‘early, middle and late’ phases of production that are typically held as both complementary and in tension with each other. Supported by the well-established art-history vernacular that has defined discrete Disney eras, this article then argues for post-2012 Disney Feature Animation as an example of the studio’s ‘late style’ – a later phase not of transgression or alienation, but one that adheres to a more positivist mode that signals pleasurable formal dissidence, confident deformation, and artistic creativity. This article subsequently advances the term ‘Disney Baroque’ to describe such playful transformations of digital aesthetics and effects present across the studio’s nine features released between Wreck-It Ralph (Rich Moore, 2012) and Encanto (Jared Bush and Byron Howard, 2021), its longest run of computer-animated films. By sharpening contemporary Disney’s connections to the ahistorical or atemporal logic of Baroque theatricality, this article identifies how contemporary Disney animation engineers spectacular moments of upheaval that rest on specific Neo-Baroque qualities (concealment, illusionism, representationalism, polycentricism, seriality, the labyrinthine) in ways that further contribute to an understanding of Disney’s own internal history and critical periodicity.

Two Cultures, One Identity: Biculturalism of Mexican American Undergraduate Students

ABSTRACT While the number of Hispanic undergraduate students enrolled in higher education has more than doubled in the past 15 years, graduation rates for this population continues to be well below that of white students. Understanding the unique life experiences of bicultural Hispanic undergraduate students becomes vital for higher education professionals to better support this unique population. The purpose of this study was to explore life experiences of undergraduate Mexican Americans through a phenomenology design specifically to highlight how biculturalism is reflected in their lives, how they navigate two cultures, and the way they construct their bicultural identity. By using rich qualitative data including interviews, photo elicitation, and document analysis, this study paints a descriptive picture of biculturalism within eight Mexican American college students. Results indicate that bicultural individuals organize and respond to their culture in terms of behavior and cognition independently from the feelings they experience while engaging in cultural frame switching. Even when participants were able to organize their dual cultures and compartmentalize them in their life, they still struggled with conflicting feelings. When cultures and ideologies of the participants clash and at times feel contradictory, these students still manage to respond and function in both cultures.

The culture of education regimes: Efficiency, equality and governance in education and social policy

AbstractEducation has become a key tool for reducing inequality in the postindustrial economy; however, educational reformers must address tensions in goals of efficiency and equality. Cross‐national differences in cultural assumptions about education provide context for countries’ choices in resolving tensions between efficiency (developing skills) and equality (ensuring educational access for marginal workers). Cultural frames encourage actors to consider the role of education in solving social problems in strikingly different ways across countries. Britain and Denmark exemplify cross‐national variation in coping with efficiency and equality. I first demonstrate how cultural frames regarding education differ historically in Britain and Denmark in large corpora of literature from 1700 to 1920 (Martin, 2018). I show that British and Danish authors (as producers of culture) differ significantly in their depictions of education with respect to efficiency (skills), equality (perceptions of class and society) and governance (role of the state, assessment and coordination). I then report findings from an online internet survey of 2100 British and Danish young people that demonstrate the continuing divergence in cultural constructions of education in Britain and Denmark today. The survey reveals that the same cross‐national cultural distinctions apparent in the nineteenth‐century continue to resonate in contemporary views of education reform. The paper contributes by adding a cultural perspective to the factors driving diverse country choices about efficiency and equality in education policy, and it reinforces the importance of public opinion in policy choices. Moreover, the paper expands upon our understanding of Nordic social democracy from a historical perspective.

Framing as a Bridging Concept for Climate Change Communication: A Systematic Review Based on 25 Years of Literature

In line with the urgency of problems related to climate change, studies on the framing of this issue have flourished in recent years. However, as in framing research overall, a lack of definitions complicates the synthesis of theoretical/empirical insights. This systematic review contrasts trends of framing in climate change communication to those observed in reviews of communication research overall and harnesses framing’s power to bridge perspectives by comparing frames across different frame locations (i.e., frame production, frame content, audience frames, and framing effects), as part of the wider cultural framing repository. Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches of content analysis, this review draws on 25 years of peer-reviewed literature on the framing of climate change ( n = 275). Among the findings, we observe that research has not made use of framing’s bridging potential. Hence, the conceptual (mis)fit between frame locations will be discussed, and directions for future research will be given.

The cultural construction of sympathiser social identities in the Islamic state’s virtual ecosystem: an analysis of the politics of naming

ABSTRACT This study explores the politics of naming in the Islamic state (IS) media networks, looking into how sympathisers’ (munāsir-s) virtual identities are socially constructed online. Naming is a discursive practice which is purely ideological in that when sympathisers name themselves online, they re-imagine their roles and the boundaries of their national belonging alongside cultural representations of the organisation. By naming, they reify IS cultural heritage which is recontextualised from the historical legacy of the Prophet and Islamic Conquest. By naming, they also amplify IS hegemonic cultural frames and master narratives. In this sense, naming oneself in the IS virtual ecosystem is a significant rhetorical strategy that may fulfil at least one of the three main cultural functions. Names may (1) imitate historical role models, (2) reconstruct the sense of belonging to homophilic communities (brothers of the same faith) beyond ethno-racial geographies, and/or (3) convey a politically religionist bias in constructing the self vs. the other. The politics of naming is an online social learning process in which collective intelligence instructs sympathisers on how to create accounts with innovative iconic/connotative identifying aliases. In IS social ecology, naming may stand for a ritual call to adventure, the destination of which is already recognised. Sympathisers are interpellated as jihadi subjects to cross the threshold of their ordinary world and embark on a virtual journey to media jihad – hence, their recognition of their new subject positions in support groups and the potential manufacturing of their loyalty and disavowal (al-walā’ wa l-barā’).

Supplemental Material for Does the Frame of an Artwork Matter? Cultural Framing and Aesthetic Judgments for Abstract and Representational Art

Supplemental Material for Does the Frame of an Artwork Matter? Cultural Framing and Aesthetic Judgments for Abstract and Representational Art

How cultural framing can bias our beliefs about robots and artificial intelligence.

Clark and Fischer argue that humans treat social artifacts as depictions. In contrast, theories of distributed cognition suggest that there is no clear line separating artifacts from agents, and artifacts can possess agency. The difference is likely a result of cultural framing. As technology and artificial intelligence grow more sophisticated, the distinction between depiction and agency will blur.

НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ О ХРОНОЛОГИИ ЭНЕОЛИТИЧЕСКИХПАМЯТНИКОВ КАМЫ И КАМСКО-ВЯТСКОГО МЕЖДУРЕЧЬЯ

The article is devoted to the consideration of radiocarbon chronology of the post-Neolithic-Eneolithic sites in the basin of Kama-Vyatka interfluve. The term “post-Neolithic” defines the transitional period from the Neolithic to the Eneolithic period. The paper presents 12 new radiocarbon dates. Eight dates belong to the Novoilinskaya post-Neolithic culture. Radiocarbon dates were obtained from the pottery organics. On the results of dating for the Novoilinskaya culture, the time frame was determined from 4300 to 3000 calBC. Several dates on charcoal and organics from pottery obtained earlier were unaccepted. One of the factors for this is the contamination of samples with younger organics. For the Garino Eneolithic culture, two new dates were obtained on organics from pottery. Both results are in good agreement with other dates from the database of this culture. The time frame of the Garino culture was determined to be 3400–1700 calBC. The early and late stages of this culture were established. These stages were identified based on the typology of dwellings, stone inventory and pottery. For the Bor type of sites, two new AMS radiocarbon dates were obtained from the charred food crusts from ceramics. In according to the existing chronology, these dates are older and cannot be accepted for consideration. The chronology of the Bor culture is within 3000–2500 calBC. It is important that there the questions of older radiocarbon dates on the charred food crusts from ceramics. This problem should be resolved both by archaeologists and specialists in radiocarbon analysis

Supplemental Material for Visual Recognition Memory Modulated by Language and Cultural Frame Priming in Latinx Bilinguals and Biculturals

Supplemental Material for Visual Recognition Memory Modulated by Language and Cultural Frame Priming in Latinx Bilinguals and Biculturals

Conceptualizing ‘cultural Frames of Reference’ and ‘cross-cultural Frames of Reference’ for Various Cultures and Societies: Employing These Concepts to Bring About Social and Cultural Change in Different Societies

Conceptualizing ‘cultural Frames of Reference’ and ‘cross-cultural Frames of Reference’ for Various Cultures and Societies: Employing These Concepts to Bring About Social and Cultural Change in Different Societies

ОБРАЗ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ В БРИТАНСКИХ СМИ: КОРПУСНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ДИСКУРСИВНЫЙ ПОДХОД К РЕКОНСТРУКЦИИ НОВОСТНЫХ ФРЕЙМОВ

The major objective of this case study is to discursively assess the UK press coverage of the economic climate in Russia in the early stages of the geopolitical crisis of 2014-15. The empirical material constituting a 730-thousand-word corpus derives from UK national newspapers and the Financial Times online archive. Applying techniques of corpus-assisted discourse studies, an inductive framing analysis seeks to detect the underlying cultural frames employed by British journalists to construct news content about Russian economy and invite readers to interpret the news in a particular way. The methodological approach consists of successive analytical stages that involve moving back and forth between quantitative and qualitative techniques of analysis that lead to the emergence of conceptual categories, or frames. The analysis produced four dominant frames and two alternative counter-frames, all of which are logically formed in clusters of framing and reasoning devices and integrated in a frame matrix. Each cluster in the matrix conveys a coherent overarching idea that represents the frame. The inventory is represented through a broader cultural scenario of a classic fairy tale in which a villain, victim, hero, friends and foes interact in the context of crime and punishment. The dominant scenario reinforces the negative image of Russian economy by portraying Russia as a villain bearing moral and financial responsibility for its aggressive behavior. The alternative scenario invalidates the dominant frames by crediting Russia with political and economic virtues. It is then suggested that a more resolute use of counter-frames in communication about the Russian case might mitigate the negative image of Russia in the British news media. The findings also demonstrate that corpus linguistic techniques integrated in a qualitative framing analysis can lead to a more reliable identification of loci for both privileged and unprivileged discourses, thereby providing evidence for both popular and unpopular forms of understanding the issue or topic covered in the media.

Shifting responsibility in governing aging: municipal active aging discourses in Turkey

ABSTRACT This article investigates active aging as a tool of governing the aging population at the municipal level. Using Foucault’s framework of governmentality, it explores the techniques of governing aging via the construction of the desirable older subjectivity, reflecting upon the role of the family in caregiving. Conducting in-depth interviews with municipal officials in charge of aging programs, we illustrated that, despite regional differences in socio-economic development levels connected to urban/modernized and rural/traditional cultural frames, all municipalities in our study embrace active aging in which older people are responsibilized for leading an active life to avoid being a burden on the family. We argue that neoliberal active aging discourses are mobilized to substitute the decreasing welfare function of conservative familialism in Turkey and the individualistic self-technologies are instrumentalized for familialist conducts. This reveals that the coexistence of multiple rationalities in the governing process can unsettle habitual consistencies between problematizations, conducts and self-technologies.

Mendedahkan Keberagamaan dalam Kebersamaan: Bentuk Pengejawantahan Spiritualitas Lokal Sedulur Sak Lawase di Kalasan

The research article entitled, "Exposing Religion in Togetherness: Forms of Embodiment of Local Spirituality of Sedulur Sak Lawase in Kalasan", was compiled with the intention of providing a comprehensive picture as well as analyzing it analytically with regard to the relationships of religious communities that are in an area that is unified in one cultural frame. Java as a local culture has a significant influence in the process of forming the current Indonesian national culture. By using a grounded research model and including methods, observation, interviews, FGDs and documentation, the results of this study indicate that the principle of Seduluran saklawase that lives in the (local) village community of Kalasan occurred through a socio-historical journey from generation to generation for centuries. Especially since the construction of Hindu and Buddhist temples in the Ancient Mataram period to the presence of Islam and Christianity. This then becomes the solid foundation of the values of togetherness and brotherhood (seduluran saklawase) which is practiced by the people of Kalasan village to this day so as to form deeply rooted spiritual values. The form of the principle of seduluran sak lawase is to instill a sense of brotherhood (kinship) that is spiritual in nature to anyone without discriminating against ethnicity, race, regional origin, even religion. The capital of togetherness then continues to experience re-contextualization according to the needs of the times, such as for the construction of public facilities (roads, sewers, patrol posts, and so on) and pays homage to the three sacred moments in the life of the Javanese, namely birth, marriage and death which are actually also a cycle, the basis of human life worldwide.

Understanding safety culture and safety citizenship through the lens of social identity theory

There is considerable overlap between the concepts of culture and social identity. Here, in the context of organisational safety culture, we investigate the extent to which social identity processes can inform our understanding of organisational culture on safety citizenship behaviour. We test this relationship via two different social identity processes: (1) individuals’ organisational identity (a classically individual-level conceptualisation of social identity); and (2) individuals’ perceptions of others’ organisational identities (meta-identity; a social identity framing of culture). Safety culture survey data from 1,427 air traffic workers were analyses using a simple holdout cross-validation approach for model testing. We find that both identity processes mediate the link between safety culture and safety behaviour. The data also demonstrate that the strength of indirect effect of safety culture on safety citizenship via meta-identity is stronger with increasing levels of organisational identity. Moving forward, safety culture research and interventions may benefit from taking a social identity lens to understanding their culture (e.g. developing identity for safety and safe practice), which has implications for safety behaviour. Consideration of meta-identity has implications for behaviour change initiatives, as individuals who perceive strong group commitment in other group members may be more influenced by interventions that leverage group norms.

Development communication as part of culture

In this survey of approaches to Development Communication (DC) theposition is taken that DC, like development itself, should be regarded andstudied as part of culture. A cultural perspective is particularly suited torevisit basic DC, communication and cultural concepts that have beenobfuscated. Each of these concepts can only be understood within aparticular discourse, a framewotk of meaning-producing and sensemaking, and here the cultural framing predominates. "Oldn and une~paradigms of DC are compared and relevant policy approaches aresurveyed. The main section deals with local knowledge and culturalcontexts, and the various functions within a development situation as theyrelate to communication. In conclusion the importance of "culturaltranslationn which is regarded as essential to effective DC, is highlighted.

Militarizing politics of recognition through the Invictus Games: post-heroic exalting of the armed forces

The Invictus Games is an international sporting competition involving military veterans who have become either wounded, injured or sick during their service. Having become a prominent event in the public sphere of participating nations that are drawn from Western security alliances, this article outlines results from a thematic analysis of Australian media surrounding the 2018 Sydney Games. While reporting of the Games included the use of cultural frames that reflect traditional symbolic relationships between sport and war, the data reveal new military–civilian discourses drawn from identity politics and focused on cultural recognition. These discourses emerge through the Invictus Games by (1) disability providing a cultural basis to demand greater respect for contemporary veterans and military service; and (2) empowerment narratives of rehabilitation being symbolically connected to participants’ reengagement with their former military identity. Institutional problems central to rising political activism amongst contemporary veterans did not feature in the media coverage. It is argued that the Invictus Games illustrates the need for sociology to conceive of militarization in more multidimensional ways, appreciating both the prominence of a civilian–military gap in contemporary culture and how various social actors in Defense utilize post-heroic narratives in seeking to redress this cultural divide.

MARKA OKURYAZARLIĞI KONUSUNA YÖNELİK ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME SÜRECİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA

Günümüzde tüketici istek ve beklentilerine cevap verebilen farklı kategoride yer alan birçok markanın yer aldığı görülmektedir. Markalar konusunda yapılan çalışmalarda marka ile ilgili unsurlar üzerinden çeşitli araştırmaların yürütülmüş ve yürütülmekte olduğu görülmektedir. Tüketici grupları ile markalar arasında oluşan bağ ve kurulan iletişimin çeşitli dinamikler çerçevesinde temellerinin atıldığı görülmektedir. Bu etmenlerin kökeninde markaların sahip olduğu unsurların önemli bir etkisi bulunmaktadır. Tüketiciler açısından ele alınmış olduğu zaman markaların tercih edilmesinde markalar konusunda sahip olunan bilgiler veya bilgi düzeylerinin ne durumda olduğu bazı araştırmaların konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, Türkçe literatürde yer almayan marka okuryazarlık konusu devreye girmektedir. Kavram, genel itibari ile marka ile ilgili sahip olunan bilgi düzeyleri, tüketicilerin bir markaya yönelmesinde hangi unsurların yer aldığı ve markayı kültürel bir çerçeve kapsamında değerlendirilmesinin yapılmasını açıklamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında literatürde yer almayan marka okuryazarlık konusunda herhangi bir çalışmanın olmaması kavram konusunda araştırma yapılabilmesi noktasında ölçek geliştirme ihtiyacını ortaya çıkartmıştır. Kavram ile ilgili olarak yurtdışında yapılan tanımlar ve çalışmalar incelenmiş, Türkiye’de ise kavram ile bağlantılı olan çalışmalardan yararlanılarak marka okuryazarlık kavramı konusunda ölçek geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Süreç ile ilgili olarak aşamalarda Lashwe tekniği kullanılmıştır. Marka okuryazarlık konusunda yapılacak gelecek çalışmalar için ölçeğin araştırmalara katkı sağlaması hedeflenmiştir

Public reception of young K-pop fans in Vietnam, 2011–19

"Water buffalo youth," "mixed-race," and "out of control" are notable mainstream terms publicly used to refer to Korean popular music (hereafter "K-pop") fans in Vietnam. In a de-Westernization of fandom studies via a Vietnamese case study of the complicated relationship between nationalistic discourses and transcultural fandom, a cultural frame surrounding mainstream online news representations and public reception of young K-pop fans may be constructed, specifically the dominant shift in the mainstream narrative about Vietnamese K-pop fans between 2011 and 2019 in relation to politicized notions of shame and pride. These findings reveal and complicate various cultural, political, and ideological subjectivities of contemporary Vietnam that are similar to China's ambiguous reception of the Korean Wave. Studying a global and transcultural phenomenon like K-pop in different national contexts remains relevant and important.

Practice of common ethical standards in the field of counseling and psychotherapy in mainland China

ABSTRACT This paper will first introduce the development of professional ethics of counseling and psychotherapy in mainland China. Ethical awareness is often limited due to variations in training experiences. Aligning with ethics codes can also bring challenges due to nuances within Chinese culture. Furthermore, the authors discuss the ethical challenges regarding the principles of multiple relationships, informed consent, and confidentiality in the context of Chinese culture. These ethical issues are often discussed within an individualistic cultural frame and presentation from a collectivist culture offers a unique perspective in the ethics literature.

Diversity skills for future teachers: how transformative learning prepares pre-service teachers for diversity in Austrian schools

PurposeMezirow's theory of transformative learning aims to evoke change on a deeper level of learning. This qualitative study with 38 pre-service teachers enrolled in a Master's degree programme for teacher education in Austria used semi-structured interviews to explore how diversity skills can transform after diversity training applying Mezirow's theory of transformative learning. In these trainings, a disorienting dilemma was placed at the centre of the diversity training from which transformative learning took its start.Design/methodology/approachIn an increasingly diversified school system, diversity skills have become a pedagogical necessity for teachers in their future workplace. However, many teachers state not feeling adequately prepared for diversity within higher education and their attitudes towards diversity oftentimes remain unchanged despite diversity training.FindingsThe findings were deduced from structured content analysis. They show that the diversity trainings led to new cultural frames of reference for the study participants on a cognitive and social level, but to a smaller extent on an emotional level.Originality/valueThe study follows a different approach than “typical” diversity trainings through Mezirow's theory on transformative learning contributing to making a real change to preparing students for their workplaces in diversified Austrian schools.