Ram semen was processed for freezing after initial dilution with a modified Tris-fructose diluent. Two aliquots were processed by cooling gradually to 5°C, further dilution, equilibration and freezing in 0.5 ml straws either in pressurized liquid nitrogen (LN 2) vapor (Method A) or on a block of dry ice (Method B). A third aliquot was cooled rapidly to 16°C and then slowly to 5°C, diluted further, equilibrated and frozen in straws in pressurized LN 2 vapor (Method C). The second dilution was carried out using a new diluent based on dextran-lactose. The diluted semen was equilibrated for 2 h before freezing. Semen was evaluated by artificial insemination (AI). The fertility of ewes bred by a double insemination with frozen-thawed semen processed by Methods A, B and C was 73% (n = 33), 67% (n = 30) and 80% (n = 30), respectively. In comparison, the fertility of ewes inseminated with fresh semen was 93% (n = 31). These preliminary data indicate an acceptable fertility can be achieved by AI with frozen-thawed semen processed using improved procedures.