Crowding Research Articles

Publisher Correction: Bacteria solve the problem of crowding by moving slowly

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a correlação entre a distância intercaninos e as más oclusões. Tratou-se de um estudo observacional e prospectivo, cujos dados foram coletados de 110 documentações ortodônticas e modelos de estudo, de pacientes entre 12 e 35 anos. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, sexo, padrão racial, relação molar de Angle, más oclusões e distância intercaninos. Os dados foram anotados em formulário específico e distribuídos em tabelas, onde aplicou-se a estatística analítica através dos testes t Student e ANOVA (p<0,05). Os resultados foram os seguintes: a média de idade foi de 17,7 anos; a maioria da amostra foi do sexo feminino (58,7%) e de feodermas (43,6%). A relação de Classe I apresentou maior frequência (46,4% direita; 49,1% esquerda) e a má oclusão mais prevalente foi o apinhamento dentário (67,7%). As médias das distâncias intecaninos foram: 33,98mm, para a arcada superior e 26,11mm para a interior. A distância intercaninos na arcada superior de homens, foi estatisticamente maior que nas mulheres; assim como os arcos inferiores de jovens de 12 a 20 anos, foram maiores do que os de adultos de 21 a 35 anos. Concluiu-se que não houve correlação significativa entre a distância intercaninos e as más oclusões.

Background and objectives: Dental crowding is more pronounced in the mandible than in the maxilla. When exceeding a significant amount, the creation of new space is required. The mandibular expansion devices prove to be useful even if the increase in the lower arch perimeter seems to be just ascribed to the vestibular inclination of teeth. The aim of the study was to compare two activation protocols of the Schwartz appliance in terms of effectiveness, particularly with regard to how quickly crowding is solved and how smaller is the increasing of vestibular inclination of the mandibular molars. Materials and Methods: We compared two groups of patients treated with different activation’s protocols of the lower Schwartz appliance (Group 1 protocol consisted in turning the expansion screw half a turn twice every two weeks and replacing the device every four months; Group 2 was treated by using the classic activation protocol—1/4 turn every week, never replacing the device). The measurements of parameters such as intercanine distance (IC), interpremolar distance (IPM), intermolar distance (IM), arch perimeter(AP), curve of Wilson (COW), and crowding (CR) were made on dental casts at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Results: A significant difference between protocol groups was observed in the variation of COWL between time 0 and time 1 with protocol 1 with protocol 1 subjects showing a smaller increase in the parameter than protocol 2 subjects. The same trend was observed also for COWR, but the difference between protocol groups was slightly smaller and the interaction protocol-by-time did not reach the statistical significance. Finally, treatment duration in protocol 1 was significantly lower than in protocol 2. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that the new activation protocol would seem more effective as it allows to achieve the objective of the therapy more quickly, and likely leading to greater bodily expansion.

Objetivo: Descrever uma abordagem conservadora para tratamento de canino permanente superior impactado, através de tracionamento ortodôntico. Detalhamento do caso: Paciente BJFA, 16 anos, sexo feminino, acompanhada na clínica de Ortodontia da ABO em Montes Claros-MG, queixou-se de dentes tortos. Ao exame clínico intrabucal verificou-se atresia maxilar, desvio de linha média dentária superior, apinhamento dentário anteroinferior, incisivo lateral superior direito conóide, retenção prolongada de canino decíduo superior direito, cujo sucessor permanente não se apresentava palpável. Os exames de imagem, sobretudo a tomografia computadorizada, confirmaram a presença de canino permanente superior direito impactado, localizado em região palatina. O tratamento foi realizado através de aparelho ortodôntico fixo, aplicando a terapêutica de expansão transversal da arcada superior com quadrihélice de Ricketts e tracionamento ortodôntico pela técnica de colagem de acessório associada a cantilever. Considerações finais: As técnicas utilizadas permitiram uma abordagem conservadora e menos dispendiosa, mostrando resultados funcionais e estéticos positivos.

Introduction: This observational study with the random sampling was done to locate maximum discomfort and pain experienced with three different nickel–titanium (NiTi) arch wires during the initial leveling and aligning phase of orthodontic treatment in moderate crowding in mandibular arch, and variations in pain and discomfort level associated with area, gender, and age. Materials and Methods: This observational survey was conducted on a sample of 60 orthodontic patients (20 in each group of arch wire) taking little’s irregularity (moderate 4–6 mm) crowding as criteria. The survey has started on the day of bonding along with three different types of initial arch wires (Superelastic NiTi, thermoelastic NiTi, or conventional NiTi), On the same day of bonding appointment and arch wire insertion, all participants were given the Modified Mc Gill pain questionnaire with the Visual Analog Scale and asked to fill and submit to the investigator on their next appointment positively. Results: The results were statistically insignificant in relation to the objectives of an observational study. Conclusion: Any of the three arch wires independent of age, gender, and area can be used by orthodontist during initial leveling and alignment phase of the treatment since the pain and discomfort level for all of them are same.

Objective To explore the influence of crowding in emergency department on precheck triage. Methods Data of 126 078 patients admitted to the emergency department of the hospital from January 2017 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the occupancy rate of emergency beds, the patients were divided into crowded group and non-crowded group.The epidemiological data, number of patients waiting for triage, waiting time for triage, length of stay(LOS), delayed triage rate, missed triage rate, missed triage rate of critically ill patients, over triage rate of critically ill patients, disease level, years of service in triage of nurses and the flow of triage were compared between the two groups. Linear regression and Logstic regression were used to analyze patient wait triage, LOS, and factors influencing patient diversion to the clinic. Results The delayed rate of triage, missed rate and missed rate of critical patients in the crowded group were significantly higher than those in the non-crowded group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in triage accuracy and overtest rate among critically ill patients. Waiting time for triage was significantly correlated with the number of waiting patients and the length of service of triage nurses (P<0.01). LOS was significantly positively correlated with the number of patients waiting for triage (P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with the triage nurse triage work year limit (P<0.001). They have nothing to do with the patient's age, disease level and gender.The working years of the triage nurse and the patients in the low age group were the influencing factors for the diversion to the outpatient service (P<0.001). The number of patients waiting for triage and gender were not the influencing factors. Conclusions Crowding in the emergency department causes many adverse effects on pre-diagnosis triage, leading to the extension of waiting time for triage and LOS, increasing the rate of missed tests in critically ill patients, which is not conducive to patient safety and brings hidden dangers to medical care. Therefore, it should be attached great importance to improve its negative effect on triage. Key words: Emergency department crowding; Pre-diagnosis triage; Missed rate; Triage accuracy

Grouping of flankers is similar in children to adults and does not break crowding.

Background: Early administration of systemic corticosteroids is an evidence-based intervention shown to decrease admission rates for acute asthma exacerbations. Developing pathways to improve timely steroid administration may overcome delays associated with Emergency Department (ED) crowding. Our primary aim was to decrease time from triage start time to steroid administration to less than 60 minutes for 80% of pediatric patients with moderately severe asthma exacerbations over a 1 year period, via implementation of triage nursing standing delegation orders (SDO). Methods: A multi-disciplinary team created nursing SDOs that were integrated …

To investigate the prevalence of malocclusion and the correlation between caries and malocclusion in mixed dentition of primary students in Laoshan district of Qingdao city, to provide a scientific basis for early orthodontic treatment. According to WHO's oral health survey (basic methods), a survey concerning oral health was performed in 1803 children aged 8-9 years old. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis . 1322 of 1803 pupils suffered from malocclusion, the prevalence of malocclusion in children surveyed was (73.32%). There were 519 cases(39.26%) of Class I malocclusion, 374 cases(28.29%) of Class II malocclusion, 357(27.00%) cases of Class III malocclusion, 72 cases (5.45%) with asymmetric malformation. As regard to clinical manifestations, deep overbite accounted for(37.67%) ,followed by deep overjet(29.19%), dental crowding (16.94%) and crossbite(16.03%). The prevalence of caries was 64.23%. Among them, there were 625 males (34.66%) and 532 females(29.51%). The prevalence rate of malocclusion in mixed dentition of primary students in Laoshan district of Qingdao district is not optimistic, the incidence of malocclusion is closely related to caries.

Institutional Consensus: Information or Crowding?

Objective To explore the influence of medical care reform on crowded emergency department in the tertiary hospital. Methods The 8 April 2017 was considered as turning point when Beijing began to implement medical care reform. The research subgroups consisted of pre-medical reform group, intra-medical reform group and post-medical reform group, according to the date 20 days before the medical reform, 20 days after the medical reform and 21-40 days after the medical reform. During this period, The NEDOCS scores(The National Emergency Department Overcrowding Scale) were calculated at 10:00, 14:00, 18:00 in the Emergency Department of Peking University Third Hospital every day, the mean of which assessed the degree of crowding. The key indicators in the NEDOCS scoring formula were compared to find the reasons for the change of emergency crowding. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0. Continuous data presented as means ± standard deviation (normal distribution), analyzed by t-tests or median ± quartile(abnormal distribution), analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results The NEDOCS scores in the intra-medical reform group were statistically higher than that in the pre-medical reform group (401.69 vs 339.68, P 0.05). The number of ventilated patients (Rn) significantly increased after the reform (P<0.05). Conclusions The degree of emergency department crowding in the tertiary hospital has increased after the Beijing medical care reform in 2017. The increase in the number of critically ill patients may be the reason for the increased overcrowding in the emergency department. Key words: Crowding; Medical care reform; Emergency department; Overcrowding scale; Critical care medicine

Elongated Denatured Conformation of Apoazurin: Crowding and Urea Interplay

RESUMO A promoção da saúde pública no Brasil tem exibido montantes crescentes; e a judicialização da saúde é um fenômeno em contínuo aumento, representando gastos extraordinários, lastreados em decisões judiciais, refletidos em impacto orçamentário não necessariamente advindos de decisões dos poderes Legislativo e Executivo. Nesse jaez, a forma de prestação da tutela jurisdicional também é analisada, na busca por compreender tendências de julgamento e formas de solução de conflitos sobre medicamentos via decisões judiciais, na realidade do Judiciário brasileiro. Para tanto, o trabalho utiliza o método hipotético dedutivo, por meio da revisão doutrinária e jurisprudencial, além da legislativa. Com o objetivo de apresentar uma alternativa à problemática sistêmica quanto à (não) prestação eficiente de medicamentos e fármacos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde e o abarrotamento de ações no Poder Judiciário, o presente artigo desenvolve, além dos comentários acerca do ativismo judicial, das demandas coletivas, das mutações constitucionais e da ponderação de interesses, outrossim, a discussão acerca da inserção e da utilização de decisões estruturais no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, tendo por finalidade ofertar uma singela contribuição aos debates sobre o aperfeiçoamento contínuo do Estado Constitucional de Direito.

Objective To study the clinical value of Time self-locking brackets in relieving the changes of dental arch and tooth morphology after maxillary dentition crowding. Methods From January 2015 to December 2015, 80 patients with maxillary dentition in Rizhao Central Hospital were randomly divided into two groups according to the random number method, with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with traditional MBT straight wire brackets (3M Company). The observation group was treated with Time self-locking brackets.And the width of the two groups was compared before and after the intervention.The treatment time and the incidence of complications during the treatment were observed in the two groups. Results After intervention, the width of canine and the length of long, middle bow in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group (t=7.901, 29.820, 15.652, all P<0.05). The treatment time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (t=41.716, P=0.000<0.05). The incidence rate of bleeding, swelling and loosening in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (χ2=5.212, P<0.05). The bracket shedding rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( χ2=5.600, P<0.05). Conclusion Time self-locking brackets is effective in the treatment of maxillary dentition crowding.The method has the advantages of high effect, simple clinical treatment, less complication and low shedding rate during treatment. Key words: Alveoloplasty; Self-locking brackets; Maxillary teeth crowded; Dental arch shape

The nature of the impairment brought about by temporal crowding

Progress towards reducing crowding

A 0/1-Hour Algorithm Using High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin.

La Distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) es una enfermedad ligada al cromosoma X, que afecta aproximadamente 1 de cada 3,300 varones nacidos vivos. Es causada por la ausencia o la mutación del gen que codifica la proteína distrofina. El propósito de este caso fue revisar la literatura actual sobre los aspectos importantes de atención infantil en la DMD. PRESENTACIÓN DE CASO: Acude a la clínica de Odontopediatría, un paciente masculino de 8 años de edad con discapacidad para la marcha y constitución ectomorfica, diagnosticado médicamente de DMD. A la exploración intraoral se encontró: clase I de Angle, mordida borde a borde anterior, diastemas, apiñamiento anteroinferior, gingivitis localizada, caries activas y macroglosia relativa. El manejo estomatológico fue realizado en cuatro fases: Preventiva, Restauradora, Quirúrgica y Mantenimiento. Se logró gran éxito clínico, requiriendo de un trabajo multidisciplinario, para proporcionarresultados satisfactorios a largo plazo que incrementen la calidad de vida del paciente.

Clearly, emergency department (ED) crowding and boarding harms patients. These authors examined the particular harms when ED requests for intensive

To investigate if a congenital anomaly of the head of the optic nerve like such as tilted disc can be a risk factor for the development of optic disc drusen. The study was performed retrospectively on the files of 47 patients with optic disc drusen. The diagnosis was confirmed by fluorescein angiography and B-scan ultrasonography. The authors examined the fundus photographs and the fluorescein angiographies of these patients looking for the presence of tilted discs. Two of the 47 patients with optic nerve drusen had tilted discs as well, about twice the expected rate. Both cases presented a parapapillary hemorrhage. The concomitant presence of tilted disc and optic disc drusen can have a cause-effect relationship. The axonal crowding in a scleral canal of reduced size, as seen in tilted disc, can compress the nerve fibers against the stiff lamina cribrosa, producing a chronic optic neuropathy leading to drusen. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2005; 15: 6 4 7- 5 1 ).