Crohn's Disease Research Articles

Clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease patients with short bowel syndrome on home parenteral nutrition are comparable to those with short bowel syndrome from other etiologies.

Clinical outcomes in Crohn's disease patients with short bowel syndrome on home parenteral nutrition are comparable to those with short bowel syndrome from other etiologies.

Higher Prescribed Opioid Use Among Adults With Crohn's Disease Than General Population: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Sweden 2006–2021

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsPopulation‐based data on prescribed opioid use among adults with Crohn's disease (CD) remain limited.MethodsThis nationwide register‐based study included individuals ≥ 18 years with incident (2008–2019) or prevalent (2008–2021) CD and up to 10 individually matched reference individuals without inflammatory bowel disease. We categorised opioid dispensations as weak (e.g., tramadol) or strong (e.g., oxycodone). We calculated the prevalence of ≥ 1 dispensation and mean daily doses (MDD) of opioids per 6 month period from 2 years before until 5 years following CD diagnosis (for incident cohort) and annual dispensation and MDD of opioids (for prevalent cohort).ResultsAmong 10,527 patients with incident CD and 96,123 references, opioid dispensations were two‐fold among patients 2 years before diagnosis (26.2% vs. 12.6%) and remained high 13–36 months after diagnosis (26.5% vs. 11.7%). In the prevalent cohort (32,306 patients and 289,516 reference individuals), there was a declining trend in the use of dispensed opioids. During observation, the use of weak opioids decreased substantially among individuals with CD (16.0% vs. 6.0%) and reference individuals (8.0% vs. 3.0%). However, opioid MDD only decreased substantially among those with CD between 2008 and 2021.ConclusionAdults with incident CD had a two‐fold higher use of dispensed opioids than references 2 years before diagnosis, which peaked at three‐ and four‐fold higher use around diagnosis and remained high for 3–5 years. The decreased use of weak opioids might explain the recent decline in opioid consumption among patients with CD.

Perineal wound complications after proctectomy for Crohn's disease: the impact of the omental pedicle flap and predictors of return to the operating room.

Perineal wound complications after proctectomy for Crohn's disease: the impact of the omental pedicle flap and predictors of return to the operating room.

Efficacy and safety of intravenous vedolizumab treatment in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease.

Efficacy and safety of intravenous vedolizumab treatment in Chinese patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease.

A comparison between the Bowel Ultrasound Score and International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score based on ileocolonoscopy in patients with Crohn's disease.

We aimed to compare two main existing scores, the Bowel Ultrasound Score (BUSS) and the International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score (IBUS-SAS) to predict simplified endoscopic activity score for Crohn's disease (SES-CD). A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the disease activity in Crohn's disease (CD) patients with ileal involvement between November 2019 and February 2024. Endoscopic remission for CD was accepted as SES-CD ≤2. A total of 56 adult patients with CD (male: 38, 68%, median age: 40.5 years) were included in the study, the median duration of the disease was 8.4 years. The cutoff value for BUSS to determine endoscopic remission was 3.9, whereas the cutoff value for IBUS-SAS to establish endoscopic remission was 24.4. BUSS and SES-CD had a strong positive correlation ( P < 0.001), BUSS and IBUS-SAS had a high positive correlation ( P < 0.001), and BUSS and C-reactive protein had a slightly positive correlation ( P < 0.001). This study revealed that the cutoff values for BUSS and IBUS-SAS in CD patients with endoscopic remission were 3.9 and 24.4, respectively. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that BUSS and IBUS-SAS highly correlate with endoscopic activity in the real-world cohort.

Evaluation of Deep Remission with Through-The-Scope Catheter-Based Endoscopic Ultrasound during Double Balloon Enteroscopy in Small Bowel Crohn’s Disease

Evaluation of Deep Remission with Through-The-Scope Catheter-Based Endoscopic Ultrasound during Double Balloon Enteroscopy in Small Bowel Crohn’s Disease

Demographic characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease patients in Saudi Arabia and their relation to gastrointestinal cancers: An observational, prospective cohort study.

e15691 Background: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and fistulizing CD (FCD), are chronic conditions that can increase the risk of gastrointestinal (GIT) cancers. IBD, particularly when diagnosed early, is associated with an increased risk of developing GIT cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Long-standing inflammation in IBD patients can lead to genetic mutations and alterations, such as changes in the p53 tumor suppressor protein, which are early events in the progression to cancer. This study aims to evaluate the demographic characteristics of IBD patients in Saudi Arabia treated with Infliximab biosimilar. Methods: This observational, prospective cohort study was conducted across four medical centers in Saudi Arabia. The study included 154 patients, with 62 naïve and 92 switched from infliximab. Patients were followed for 48 weeks, with demographic data collected at baseline. Results: The study population had a mean age of 29.6 years (SD 10.1), with 57.7% males and 42.3% females. The majority of patients (87.8%) were Saudi nationals. Among the patients, 37.6% had moderate to severe active CD, 36.3% had fistulizing CD, and 26.1% had moderate to severe active UC. Naïve patients constituted 39.5% of the cohort, while 60.5% were switched from infliximab. The study sites included King Abdul Aziz University Hospital (28.2%), King Saud Medical City (21.2%), National Guard Hospital in Riyadh (31.4%), and National Guard Hospital in Jeddah (19.2%). Conclusions: The demographic profile of IBD patients in Saudi Arabia is consistent with regional data, showing a relatively young population with a higher prevalence of CD. The association between early IBD and the development of GIT cancers underscores the importance of early diagnosis, regular screening, and monitoring to manage and mitigate cancer risk in IBD patients. Patients’ disposition per site. Naïve patients Switched Patients Naïve patients Switched Patients Naïve patients Switched Patients KAUH 7(35.0) 14(35.9) 2(8.0) 5(16.1) 6(35.3) 10(41.7) 44 NGHA-Jeddah 5(25.0) 12(30.8) - 3(9.7) 3(17.6) 7(29.2) 30 NGH-Riyadh 4(20.0) 13(33.3) 3(12.0) 22(71.0) - 7(29.2) 49 KSMC 4(20.0) - 20(80.0) 1(3.2) 8(47.1) - 33 Total patients/ disease/ dynamic group 33.9% 66.1% 44.6% 55.4% 41.5% 58.5% - Total patients/ disease 12.8% 25.0% 16.0% 19.9% 10.9% 15.4% - Total Patients 20 39 25 31 17 24 156

Patients with PSOriasis and Suppurative Hidradenitis (PSO-SH) share genetic risk factors and are at risk of increased morbidity.

Patients with PSOriasis and Suppurative Hidradenitis (PSO-SH) share genetic risk factors and are at risk of increased morbidity.

Bypass is associated with lower treatment failure than stricturoplasty in duodenal Crohn's disease: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses.

Bypass is associated with lower treatment failure than stricturoplasty in duodenal Crohn's disease: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses.

Toxicity and absorption of polystyrene micro-nanoplastics in healthy and Crohn's disease human duodenum-chip models.

Toxicity and absorption of polystyrene micro-nanoplastics in healthy and Crohn's disease human duodenum-chip models.

The Impact of Physical Activity on the Course of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic, immune-mediated conditions with increasing global prevalence. While the etiology of IBD is multifactorial—encompassing genetic, environmental, microbial, and immunological components—emerging evidence highlights the role of lifestyle factors, such as physical activity (PA), in modulating disease mechanisms and outcomes. This review explores the multifaceted impact of PA on IBD, focusing on gut microbiota composition, intestinal barrier integrity, and immune function. Moderate, regular exercise has been shown to beneficially influence gut microbial diversity, promote the production of anti-inflammatory metabolites, and support mucosal barrier function. Additionally, PA modulates systemic and intestinal immune responses, potentially reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine activity. In CD, visceral adiposity and adipokine dysregulation further complicate disease progression, suggesting a specific relevance of PA in this patient group. While observational and interventional studies indicate that PA may reduce anxiety and improve quality of life in IBD patients, the evidence regarding its effects on somatic symptoms and disease course remains inconclusive. Future randomized controlled trials are essential to establish standardized exercise protocols and clarify the therapeutic potential of PA in IBD management. Nonetheless, current data support PA as a safe, promising adjunct to conventional therapies, with potential benefits for both physical and psychological health in IBD patients.

Small molecule drug absorption in inflammatory bowel disease and current implementation in physiologically- based pharmacokinetic models.

Small molecule drug absorption in inflammatory bowel disease and current implementation in physiologically- based pharmacokinetic models.

Digital light processing of photo-crosslinkable gelatin to create biomimetic 3D constructs serving small intestinal tissue regeneration.

Digital light processing of photo-crosslinkable gelatin to create biomimetic 3D constructs serving small intestinal tissue regeneration.

Switching biologic drug class after resection for Crohn's disease association with increased risk of reintervention.

Switching biologic drug class after resection for Crohn's disease association with increased risk of reintervention.

Current Developments in the Prevention and Improvement of Intestinal Disorders: A Mini-Review.

Recently, the number of patients who manifest intestinal disorders has increased. Particularly, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) patients and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients, which include Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD), are on the rise, especially in the young generation. Behcet's disease (an autoimmune disease) and bowel obstruction are also common intestinal disorders. Furthermore, colorectal cancer, including colon and rectum cancer and small intestinal cancer, are the typical disorders in the intestine. Other disorders in the digestive tract are infectious diseases like Helicobacter pylori infection. Even though symptomatic treatments have been increasing for the treatment of intestinal disorders, the ways of improving and preventing these diseases are still controversial. The progress of medicine and treatment is rapid. However, recent approaches to the prevention and improvement of these intestinal disorders are suppressing dysbiosis and preventing chronic inflammation. This mini-review discusses the hypothesis of whether the improvement of the diet is a preferable choice for the prevention of these intestinal disorders. Dietary interventions are beneficial for the prevention and improvement of intestinal disorders since the first approach to intestinal disorders is dietary intervention. The Mediterranean diet, the diet from the 5-a-day campaign, and the Japanese diet are well-known healthy dietary strategies. A healthy diet regimen is not only beneficial for the prevention of intestinal disorders but also a useful strategy to reduce stress and ameliorate mental illness. In addition, the intake of phytochemicals is good for keeping healthy gut microbiota and preventing intestinal disorders. Furthermore, vitamin D3 intake with these phytochemicals works as an adjuvant to improve gut microbiota and upregulate immune responses. As a result, the decreasing production of TNF-α ameliorates chronic inflammation and intestinal disorders at an early stage. In recent years, prevention of the non-disease condition "ME-BYO" has been a popular approach for healthy and long living in Japan. This idea prevents the manifestation of diseases before the onset and is also applicable to intestinal disorders. This mini-review discusses ways of preventing and ameliorating intestinal disorders.

Eruptive cherry angiomas induced by infliximab in a patient with Crohn's disease

Eruptive cherry angiomas induced by infliximab in a patient with Crohn's disease

Role of cell-based therapies in digestive disorders: Obstacles and opportunities.

Role of cell-based therapies in digestive disorders: Obstacles and opportunities.

Intestinal anti-inflammatory, histopathologic and anti-oxidative regulatory effects of total alkaloids extract from Linum usitatissimum L. (flaxseed) in vivo.

Intestinal anti-inflammatory, histopathologic and anti-oxidative regulatory effects of total alkaloids extract from Linum usitatissimum L. (flaxseed) in vivo.

Human placenta mesenchymal stromal cells alleviate intestinal inflammation and repair intestinal barrier function by activating AMPK-FXR pathway

Crohn’s disease (CD) has a complex pathogenesis; there is currently no effective treatment. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a potential therapeutic option for CD. It is important to systematically evaluate the safety and effectiveness of MSCs and their mechanism for the treatment of CD to support their clinical application. Here, the safety and effectiveness of MSCs from the human placenta (hPMSCs) are evaluated. All the indicators show that hPMSC transplantation is safe and effectively alleviates intestinal inflammation, reduces intestinal apoptosis and fibrosis, and promotes recovery of the intestinal barrier in mice and organoids. IGFBP-4 is the most expressed by hPMSCs and is verified to play a therapeutic role by activating the AMPK-FXR pathway to alleviate intestinal inflammation and repair the intestinal barrier function. Our findings demonstrate that hPMSCs alleviate CD by activating the AMPK-FXR pathway with IGFBP-4 to reduce intestinal inflammation and repair intestinal barrier function.

Carbon footprint of common procedures in inflammatory bowel disease

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the environmental impact, primarily the carbon footprint of the most common procedures in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsIn this study, all processes and products used during a total of eight laparoscopic ileocecal resections (ICRs) in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), eight laparoscopic subtotal colectomies (STCs) for ulcerative colitis (UC), and eight ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) procedures in patients with Crohn’s perianal fistula (PAF) (all in adults ≥ 16 years) between March 2023 and May 2024 were collected. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted, mean CO2 emission rates were calculated, the major contributors (“hotspots”) were determined, and midpoint/endpoint analysis was performed.ResultsThe mean total carbon footprints of laparoscopic ICR, STC, and LIFT were, respectively, 104 kg, 116 kg, and 43.6 kg CO2eq, equaling one-way trips by airplane from Amsterdam to Paris, to Manchester, and to Düsseldorf, respectively. The main contributors in laparoscopic ICR and STC were transport of employees and patients (48% and 49%, respectively), energy use in the theater (21% and 27%, respectively), and the use of surgical equipment (14% and 17%, respectively). In LIFT procedures, transport of employees/patients accounted for 47% of total emission rates, followed by the use of surgical equipment (28%), and electricity use in the theater (13%). Besides the impact on global warming, significant impact on fine particulate matter formation, land use, terrestrial acidification, and fossil resource scarcity was identified. Endpoint analysis showed an amount of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of approximately 2 h of health damage per laparoscopic ICR/STC and 47 min per LIFT.ConclusionsThe carbon footprint of three commonly performed IBD surgeries is mainly determined by transportation of patients/healthcare personnel, followed by electricity and material use. The latter two vary with the complexity of the surgeries. IBD surgeons should focus on minimizing energy resources and using standard surgical materials. Also, employees should be encouraged to travel by foot/bicycle/public transport/carpooling/electric car.