Integral Criterion Research Articles

Democratic Evolution in Albania in the Aftermath of Candidate Country Status

The integration process in the European Union, being the major national goal, is the political action that leads the agenda of every Albanian government since 1992 up today. Being aware on the importance of integration process as the most efficient way towards the path of fast democratization, governments have undertaken concrete steps in the opening of accession negotiations. The integration process is in a very significant momentum which dictates dialogue and partnership. Every country that has set as a goal the EU integration, should respect the integration criteria’s or as known the ‘Copenhagen criteria’s’, on the basis under which the European Commission deliver the opinion in regard of every application. These criteria’s are defined during the European Council of Copenhagen in 1993 and accomplished during the European Council in Madrid in 1995. These are political criteria’s such as : stability of institutions which guarantee democracy, rule of law, human rights and respect and protection of minorities; economic criteria’s such as the existence of an efficient economy, capacity to challenge competition pressure and internal market forces of the EU; the opportunity to take responsibilities which derive by law and policies of the EU ( acquis communitaire). Stability, peace and the integration of the Western Balkan countries en block, play a fundamental role for the present and the future of Europe. Over the years, it has become more evident the necessity to strengthen the EU policies against countries of this region. Considering the geographic position of Albania in the Mediterranean and its importance in oftentimes weak spots within the region, it deserves a special attention by the European institutions. Since the candidate country’s status up to now, Albania has reached a moderate progress in terms of democracy shifting from a hybrid regime to a flawed democracy. Flawed democracy countries reflect a bold weakness in democratic terms, among others an underdeveloped political culture, low participation in political life and issues concerning governance. Civil rights are still problematic especially when it comes at media censorship or in attacks against country opposition.
 
 Received: 05 May 2022 / Accepted: 16 May 2023 / Published: 20 May 2023

A Novel Method of Enhancing Security Solutions and Energy Efficiency of IoT Protocols

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET’s) are wireless networks that are capable of operating without any fixed infrastructure. MANET routing protocols must adhere to strict secrecy, integrity, availability and non-repudiation criteria. In MANETs, attacks are roughly categorised into two types: active and passive. An active attack attempts to modify or remove data being transferred across a network. On the other hand, passive attack does not modify or erase the data being sent over the network. The majority of routing protocols for MANETs were built with little regard for security and are therefore susceptible to a variety of assaults. Routing technologies such as AODV and dynamic source routing are quite common. Both however are susceptible to a variety of network layer attacks, including black holes, wormholes, rushing, byzantine, information disclosure. The mobility of the nodes and the open architecture in which the nodes are free to join or leave the network keep changing the topology of the network. The routing in such scenarios becomes a challenging task since it has to take into account the constraints of resources of mobile devices. In this an analysis of these protocols indicates that, though proactive routing protocols maintain a route to every destination and have low latency, they suffer from high routing overheads and inability to keep up with the dynamic topology in a large sized network. The reactive routing protocols in contrast have low routing overheads, better throughput and higher packet delivery ratio. AODVACO-PSO-DHKE Methodology boosts throughput by 10% while reducing routing overhead by 7%, latency by 8% and energy consumption by 5%. To avoid nodes always being on, a duty cycle procedure that's also paired with the hybrid method is used ACO-FDR PSO is applied to a 100-node network and NS-3 is used to measure various metrics such as throughput, latency, overhead, energy consumption and packet delivery ratio.

A Novel Method of Enhancing Security Solutions and Energy Efficiency of IoT Protocols

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET’s) are wireless networks that are capable of operating without any fixed infrastructure. MANET routing protocols must adhere to strict secrecy, integrity, availability and non-repudiation criteria. In MANETs, attacks are roughly categorised into two types: active and passive. An active attack attempts to modify or remove data being transferred across a network. On the other hand, passive attack does not modify or erase the data being sent over the network. The majority of routing protocols for MANETs were built with little regard for security and are therefore susceptible to a variety of assaults. Routing technologies such as AODV and dynamic source routing are quite common. Both however are susceptible to a variety of network layer attacks, including black holes, wormholes, rushing, byzantine, information disclosure. The mobility of the nodes and the open architecture in which the nodes are free to join or leave the network keep changing the topology of the network. The routing in such scenarios becomes a challenging task since it has to take into account the constraints of resources of mobile devices. In this an analysis of these protocols indicates that, though proactive routing protocols maintain a route to every destination and have low latency, they suffer from high routing overheads and inability to keep up with the dynamic topology in a large sized network. The reactive routing protocols in contrast have low routing overheads, better throughput and higher packet delivery ratio. AODVACO-PSO-DHKE Methodology boosts throughput by 10% while reducing routing overhead by 7%, latency by 8% and energy consumption by 5%. To avoid nodes always being on, a duty cycle procedure that's also paired with the hybrid method is used ACO-FDR PSO is applied to a 100-node network and NS-3 is used to measure various metrics such as throughput, latency, overhead, energy consumption and packet delivery ratio.

Parametric Optimization of the PID Controller with Restriction Based on the Method of Conjugate Polak—Polyak—Ribier Gradients

In automatic control systems (ASR), industrial processes of various types with a delay with a limit on the amount of overregulation, a PID controller with a real differentiating link (hereinafter referred to as the PID controller) is widely used. As is known, a sign of the presence of a large delay in the object of regulation is the ratio τob/Tob ≥ 1, where τob is the value of the delay time and Tob is maximum time constant of the object of control. In the presence of a large delay and limitation in the ASR, the parametric synthesis of the PID controller by well-known frequency methods becomes difficult, which leads to interest in the development of numerical searchless algorithms for parametric optimization based on the use of sensitivity functions to determine the gradient of the optimality criterion. In this paper, an APO algorithm is formed that calculates, based on the minimum of the integral quadratic criterion, the values of the adjustable parameters of the PID controller in the specified ASR. In order to ensure that there is no re-regulation of the resulting transient process, the authors of this article propose to introduce a restriction on the regulatory effect into the automatic system at the optimization stage, which, in turn, is taken into account by adding a penalty function to the integral criterion. The proposed algorithm is based on the method of conjugate Polak—Polyak-Ribier gradients with its known advantages. The components of the gradient vector of the optimization criterion are calculated using such sensitivity functions that allow you to obtain all the components of this vector without trial search variations of the configurable parameters. To calculate the value of the optimization step, the authors implemented an appropriate algorithm based on a gradient procedure using the sensitivity function of the output coordinate of the ASR to the step value. The convergence of the generated APO algorithm was verified using a numerical procedure based on the zone of attraction of record values of the optimization criterion, which is determined by a positive-definite Hesse matrix of the integral quadratic criterion based on the difference between the averaged and the tested transients.

Hydrodynamic normalization conditions in the theory of degenerate Beltrami equations

We study the existence of normalized homeomorphic solutions for the degenerate Beltrami equation fz = μ(z )f in the whole complex plane C , assuming that its measurable coefficient μ(z ), | μ(z ) |<1 a. e., has compact support and the degeneration of the equation is controlled by the tangential dilatation quotient KT μ (z , z0) . We show that if KT μ (z , z0) has bounded or finite mean oscillation dominants, or satisfies the Lehto type integral divergence condition, then the Beltrami equation admits a regular homeomorphic W1,1loc solution f with the hydrodynamic normalization at infinity. We also give integral criteria of Calderon-Zygmund or Orlicz types for the existence of the normalized solutions in terms of KT μ (z , z0) and the maximal dilatation Kμ (z ) .

Improving the Surface Integrity of 316L Steel in the Context of Bioimplant Applications.

Bioimplants should meet important surface integrity criteria, with the main goal of the manufacturing process to improve wear and corrosion resistance properties. This requires a special approach at the cutting stage. During this research, the impact of the cutting parameters on improving the surface integrity of AISI 316L steel was evaluated. In this context of bioimplant applications, the mean roughness Sa value was obtained in the range of 0.73-4.19 μm. On the basis of the results obtained, a significant effect was observed of both the cutting speed and the feed rate on changes in the microstructure of the near-surface layer. At a cutting speed of 150 m/min, the average grain size was approximately 31 μm. By increasing the cutting speed to 200 m/min, the average grain size increased to approximately 52 μm. The basic austenitic microstructure of AISI 316L steel with typical precipitation of carbides on the grain boundaries was refined at the near-surface layer after the machining process. Changing the cutting speed determined the hardness of the treated and near-surface layers. The maximum value of hardness is reached at a depth of 20 μm and decreases with the depth of measurement. It was also noted that at a depth of up to 240 μm, the maximum hardness of 270-305 HV1 was reached, hence the height of the machining impact zone can be determined, which is approximately 240 μm for almost all machining conditions.

State of health of medical students

This article discusses the state of health of young students studying Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy at the Volyn Medical University. The purpose of the article is to determine the state of health of students of higher education in the medical profession. The results of the analysis of students' medical records allow us to state the presence of problems in their state of health. Each student of higher education during the academic year, on average, was ill 2–3 times and missed 10–15 days of study at the institute (depending on age and gender).
 Most often, students are sick with viral respiratory diseases (43-51 cases per 100 examined), diseases of the digestive organs (10-18 cases), vision (3-15 cases) and excretory system (5-12 cases), injuries (10-20 cases ) and infectious diseases (7– 14 cases).
 One of the integral criteria of adaptation is the assessment of the state of health on the basis of morbidity indicators, the level of which allows to most objectively reflect the degree of health loss, as well as to determine the priorities of prevention. Given the fact that the environmental factor has priority in the development of diseases in young people (up to 30%), the dominance of the specified pathologies may indicate the formation of an environmental maladaptation syndrome. Along with that, today the range of factors of the internal student environment has significantly expanded, which determine up to 12.5% of cases of illness in junior courses.
 According to the results of our research, the largest group in the structure of students' diseases is acute respiratory viral diseases. Influenza among students of higher education, of various ages, is registered in one-third to one-half of cases.
 In connection with the deterioration of students' health, it is necessary to introduce special, health-improving classes into the educational process, which would allow providing individual assistance to students in the prevention of diseases and health preservation.

Accessibility and Connectivity for Enhancement the Integrative Conservation of the Historic Urban Fabric of Mosul Old City

The historic city of Mosul, with its unique urban characteristics, is one of the few cities that is still inhabited, but the recent war has made it lose important and large parts of its traditional fabric, especially its distinctive riverfront. This research deals with the principle of Integrative Conservation as a conservation approach that is characterized by interest in both the urban and human dimensions, and it can provide adequate means to accomplish the process of preserving the historic urban fabric in a way that meets the contemporary requirements of life and preserves the historic value. The research aims to explore what are the criteria for Integrative Conservation most affecting the vitality of the historic urban fabric on the riverfront of Mosul old city. This is followed by the methodology of analysing previous studies to determine the most important Integrative Conservation criteria, and it is assumed that the accessibility and connectivity criteria are the most influential on the vitality of the city, using the Space Syntax to measure its indicators.

Virtual synchronous generator based superconducting magnetic energy storage unit for load frequency control of micro-grid using African vulture optimization algorithm

An isolated microgrid has significant frequency stability issues due to the erratic nature of renewable energy sources, stochastic load behaviour, and low system inertia. Consequently, this paper presents a Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) based Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit for frequency stability enhancement of microgrid. A newly developed metaheuristic algorithm named African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) is used to optimize the proportional-integral controller parameters with the help of the Integral Time Absolute Error criterion. The proposed Load Frequency Control (LFC) model of an isolated microgrid is evaluated against numerous scenarios and well-known algorithms like Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization, Grey Wolf Optimization, and Harris Hawks Optimization. The MATLAB simulation results of the proposed system demonstrate a significant improvement in the dynamic response pertaining to maximum overshoot, settling duration, and frequency oscillations when contrasted to the other algorithms. Also, observed that the LFC system with VSG-based SMES unit improves the frequency response of 77.37 % and 86.56 % in peak overshoot and settling time respectively as compared to the system without energy storage units. Finally, real-time simulations are carried out in OPAL-RT (OP-4500) to validate the proposed system.

The substantiation of the application of the integral criterion at the data processing

The problem of online calibration of navigational instruments is considered. Calibration of devices implies minimizing the deviations between the real values and the measurement data. In the problem under investigation, the trajectory of motion is traced with GPS, which is taken as the real values of the trajectory coordinates. The accelerometer and gyroscope measurement data can also be used to calculate the trajectory. It is required by calibrating the sensors to achieve matching of these values, with the proximity of trajectories implying a uniform metric. It is proved in the article that the integral metric can be used in solving the problem of sensor calibration.

When content-centric networking meets multi-criteria group decision-making: Optimal cache placement policy achieved by MARCOS with q-rung orthopair fuzzy set pair analysis

Assessing the cache placement policy (CPP) is a crucial step in the deployment process of content-centric networking (CCN), which is still an open question. In this paper, assessing the CPP is formulated to be a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) issue since it involves the consideration of multiple experts, and a new aggregated MCGDM algorithm is presented for dealing with this issue. On that account, an assessment criteria system is to formulate to portray these experts’ considerations for assessing CPPs, and then the concepts of q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) and set pair analysis (SPA) are presented to directly and indirectly define the group preference information of CPPs with respect to the criteria, respectively. Later, some revised aggregation operators are employed for aggregating the group preference information. Then, a new integrated objective criteria weights (IOCW) method based on score value and combined criteria weights based on non-linear comprehensive method are given for determining the important degrees of criteria. Based on IOCW method, non-linear comprehensive method, score function, distance measure, and aggregation operators, a new integrated q-rung orthopair fuzzy MCGDM model based on MARCOS (Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution) method is developed to rank CPPs. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the evaluation process of CPP, and the advantages of developed method are verified by comparative analysis.

Dual-Extended State Observer-Based Feedback Linearizing Control for a Nonlinear System with Mismatched Disturbances and Uncertainties

This research article presents the nonlinear control framework to estimate and reject the mismatched lumped disturbances acting on the nonlinear uncertain system. It is an unfortunate fact that the conventional extended state observer (ESO) is not capable of simultaneously estimating the mismatched lumped disturbance and its derivative for the systems. Moreover, the basic ESO is only suitable for systems with integral chain form (ICF) structures. Similarly, the conventional feedback linearizing control (FLC) approach is not robust enough to stabilize systems in the presence of disturbances and uncertainties. Hence, the nonlinear control framework is proposed to overcome the above issues, which are composed of (a) a dual-extended state observer (DESO), and (b) a DESO-based FLC. The DESO provides information on the unmeasured state, mismatched disturbance, and its derivatives. The DESO-FLC utilizes the information from the DESO to counter the effects of such disturbances and to stabilize the nonlinear systems around the reference point. The detailed closed-loop analysis is presented for the proposed control framework in the presence of lumped disturbances. The performance robustness of the presented design was validated for the third-order, nonlinear, unstable, and disturbed magnetic levitation system (MLS). The results of the DESO-FLC approach are compared with the most popular linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and nonlinear FLC approaches based on the integral error criterion and the average electrical energy consumption.

Evaluation of the functional state of taekwondo athletes 7-13 years old according to the indicators of the finger-tapping test

Background and Study Aim. The functional state of organs and systems determines the level of preparedness of athletes in modern sports. The evaluation of the state of the central nervous system is of particular importance. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the results of the tapping test of taekwondo athletes of different ages. Material and Methods. 42 taekwondo athletes were divided into groups of 14 people depending on age: group 1 - (7.50±0.14) years, group 2 - (10.07±0.22) years, group 3 - (13.36±0.27) years. Participants of groups 1 and 2 were engaged in the amateur level, and group 3 had a skill level of 2 Gup - 1 Dan. A special computer program for devices with the iOS operating system was used. An Apple tablet was used - iPad, 4th generation with a screen diagonal of 9.7 inches. The finger-tapping test was carried out for 60 s, 12 subtests of 5 s each. For analysis, we evaluated the total number of depressions during the entire test, the average number of depressions per 5 s, the number of depressions in each subtest, the duration of depressions in each subtest, and the dynamic performance index (DPI). Group results were compared using the nonparametric Rosenbaum test (Q) and sign test (z). Results. It was found that the athletes of the 2nd group performed more depressions in the test as a whole and in 11 out of 12 subtests compared with the athletes of the 1st group. Comparison of the middle and senior groups also confirmed the best results of the athletes of the senior group in 6 subtests out of 12. The senior athletes had a longer duration of depressions in 2 subtests. The most pronounced differences were established when comparing the results of the junior and senior groups. A significant excess in the number of depressions was confirmed for senior athletes in all subtests. The duration of depressing was longer in senior athletes in 2 subtests. A significant reduction in the number of depressions from the beginning to the end of the test was determined. Changes in the duration of depressions were opposite, and the time increased from the beginning to the end of the test. Conclusions. The presence of a direct dependence of the results of the finger-tapping test of taekwondo athletes on age is determined. An increase in the number of depressions in the test, an increase in the integral criterion - an indicator of dynamic performance was determined. The results reflect an increase in the strength of nervous processes, positive changes in the functional state under the influence of regular training loads. This condition should be evaluated as a predictor of the success of taekwondo athletes. The computer version of the test is mobile, informative and valid. It can be used in monitoring the functional state of combat sports athletes.

Assessment of orthopedic treatment quality in patients with complete absence of teeth

Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of dental orthopedic treatment in patients with complete absence of teeth using removable plate prostheses applying integral qualitative and evaluative indicators. The relevance of the study is dictated by the need to improve the quality of orthopedic treatment in patients with complete absence of teeth, through the introduction of new composite materials, the use of which provides high strength of prosthetic structures. For an objective assessment of the effectiveness of dental orthopedic treatment of patients using removable plate prostheses, integral approaches based on the calculation of qualitative and evaluative indicators have been modified.
 Materials and methods. In order to improve the quality of orthopedic treatment of patients with complete absence of teeth, a design of a complete removable plate prosthesis with a combined basis and a method of its manufacture based on the use of digital technologies was developed. In the course of the work, the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment in patients with complete absence of teeth in the long-term follow-up using integral qualitative and evaluative indicators was carried out.
 Results. Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing a new design combining analog and digital metols were developed and tested. As a result of clinical studies, it was found that the type of construction of a complete removable plate prosthesis does not significantly affect the indicator of the integral assessment of the quality of orthopedic treatment, with the exception of the criterion of the prosthesis integrity.
 Conclusions. To conclude, it was found that the type of construction of a complete removable plate prosthesis does not significantly affect the integral assessment of the quality of orthopedic treatment, except for the criterion of the integrity of the prosthesis; the introduction of a composite material based on fiberglass into the design of a combined prosthesis allows to improve the strength properties of the prosthesis basis and increase the performance characteristics of the structure. The use of CAD / CAM technologies provides the possibility of using high-strength composite materials, gives sufficient accuracy in the manufacture of the frame of a combined full removable plate prosthesis. Due to satisfactory physical and mechanical properties, the application of the developed design contributes to the predicted increase in the durability of prostheses.

Voltage control for membrane capacitive de-ionization cell for higher energy efficiency in salt removal

Membrane Capacitive DeIonization (MCDI) cells have proven to be advantageous in water desalination and ions removal. Therefore, the time has come to introduce an alternative water purification technique to reduce the global water shortage. MCDI is known to be environmentally friendly, energy efficient and economical. Besides its reduced energy footprint, recent applications underline the regenerated energy during the desorption phase, which makes the MCDI as a potential cleaner energy source. Thus, a large number of scientific publications addressing problems and enhancing the performance of an MCDI have been published. In this paper, we have developed a simple and inexpensive method to control the adsorption voltage of the cells. So, the ion adsorption/desorption mechanisms of the MCDI will be controlled by a variable charging voltage applied to the cell.The entire response of controlled MCDI integrated model was created and he simulated results were compared with the experimental ones in order to validate the results. Accordingly, the controller parameters were tuned using the genetic algorithm optimization technique, based on the integral time absolute error criterion. Furthermore, the experimental results reveal that the control of the cell had increased the salt retention by 50%, the quantity of removed salt by the energy unit was improved by 10%, and the cell energy ratio from 28% to 32%.

Civilizational security: A logical-epistemological ascent to the essence of the concept

Subject. This article examines the dynamic relationship between socio-cultural traditions and innovations of the same name in the context of increasing complexity of the internal and external environment. Objectives. The article aims to show that the interpretation of the essence of civilizational security characterizes the system-related functionality of the organic unity of relevant socio-cultural values. Methods. For the study, we used a statistical and semasiological research method and the heuristic potential of paired categories of dialectics. Results. The article substantiates the thesis that the civilizational identity of the individual and society is both an integral criterion of socio-cultural integrity and a parameter of the stability of civilization. It proposes certain arrangement of a new discursive space, involving criticism of neoliberal socio-cultural simulacra, which are a threat to the development of Russia. Conclusions. The article comes to the conclusion that within the framework of a democratic State, there are always more chances for the arrangement of highly effective socio-cultural practices and the expanded re-creation of socio-cultural innovations that ensure civilizational security.

Robust Trajectory Tracking Control for Serial Robotic Manipulators Using Fractional Order-Based PTID Controller

The design of advanced robust control is crucial for serial robotic manipulators under various uncertainties and disturbances in case of the forceful performance needs of industrial robotic applications. Therefore, this work has proposed the design and implementation of a fractional order proportional tilt integral derivative (FOPTID) controller in joint space for a 3-DOF serial robotic manipulator. The proposed controller has been designed based on the fractional calculus concept to fulfill trajectory tracking with high accuracy and also reduce effects from disturbances and uncertainties. The parameters of the controller have been optimized with a GWO–PSO algorithm, which is a hybrid tuning method, by considering the time integral performance criterion. The superior and contribution of the GWO–PSO-based FOPTID controller has been demonstrated by comparing the results with those offered by PID, FOPID and PTID control strategies tuned by the GWO–PSO. The examination of the results showed that the proposed controller, which is based on the GWO–PSO algorithm, demonstrates better trajectory tracking performance and increased robustness against various trajectories, external disturbances, and joint frictions as compared to other controllers under the same operating conditions. In terms of the trajectory tracking performance for robustness, the superiority of the proposed controllers tuned by GWO–PSO has been confirmed by 20.2% to 44.5% reductions in the joint tracking errors. Moreover, for assessing the energy consumption of the tuned controllers, the total energy consumption of the proposed controller for all joints has been remarkably reduced by 2.45% as compared to others. Consequently, the results illustrated that the proposed controller is robust and stable and sustains against the continuous disturbance.

ОБЛІКОВО-АНАЛІТИЧНА СКЛАДОВА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

In today's conditions of a full-scale war with the Russian Federation, every business entity in Ukraine operates in a complex, unstable and dynamic environment, the changes of which are accompanied by constant strengthening of competition, acceleration of inflationary processes, growth of business risks and the danger of destruction of logistics and partnership ties. Currently, the quantitative and qualitative properties of the enterprise regarding the ability to survive and ensure development in the conditions of the destabilizing effect of unpredictable and hard-to-forecast external and internal factors come to the fore. The enterprise's ability to timely implement anti-crisis measures, effective functioning and dynamic development is an indicator of its economic security. Therefore, the accounting and analytical component of the information system for ensuring economic security is an extremely urgent problem that needs to be solved and is under increased attention of both domestic and foreign scientists and specialists in financial and economic security. The purpose of the article is to reveal the possibilities and prospects of creating a complex accounting and analytical information system at the enterprise, which allows achieving systematicity and complexity, structure and organization of the enterprise management process within the framework of the concept of economic security. The article considers the importance of accounting and analytical information necessary for enterprise management. The main sources of threats to the economic security of the enterprise, which are formed in the accounting system, are revealed. The internal ФІ НА НС И , О БЛ ІК І О П ОД АТК УВ А Н НЯ Випуск І (89), 202338 control system of the enterprise is presented as the main element of economic security. A scheme for the movement of accounting management information has been developed. The main tasks of the complex information accounting and analytical system for ensuring the economic security of the enterprise are outlined. It has been proven that information security in Ukraine during the war must necessarily be subject to the criteria of confidentiality, integrity and availability.

Обобщенная задача динамического уравновешивания и перспективные направления ее применения

The paper considers the generalized problem of the machines and mechanisms dynamic balance in terms of ensuring the given laws of altering reactions in the selected links. Representation of equations of the mechanical systems dynamics in the form of differential algebraic equations was used making it possible to obtain mathematical models of the nonlinear mechanical systems dynamics with the arbitrary structure of kinematic and force connections. With this approach, the constraint reactions are determined by algebraic equations from the system coordinates. The problem solution is based on changing the bonds selected reactions due to the impact on reactions in the other selected bonds by adding non-stationary terms to the selected bonds equation. Conditions for rigorous solution of the optimal control problem for a mechanical system are shown for the integral quality criterion not explicitly containing the control functions. The method is aimed at numerical models of the mechanical systems widely used in the programs for dynamic analysis of the coupled systems of bodies. Test examples are provided for manipulator, anthropomorphic robot and controlled suspension of a transport vehicle. The method was realized in the software package for simulating the controlled motion dynamics of the coupled systems of bodies.

Development of information and analytical procurement methodology of public administration in the sphere of providing civil control over the sector of security and defense of Ukraine

The problem that is solved in the research is to increase the efficiency of decision making in management tasks while ensuring the given reliability, regardless of the hierarchy of the system. The object of the research is the decision making support system in the field of democratic civilian control over the security and defense sector (FDCCSDS). The subject of research is the decision making process in management tasks using fuzzy cognitive maps and evolving artificial neural networks. The hypothesis of the research is to increase the number of sources of information about the components of the FDCCSDS, with restrictions on the efficiency and reliability of decision making. The research proposed a method for evaluating the information and analytical provision of public administration in FDCCSDS. It was established that the proposed method has a higher efficiency compared to the known ones by an average of 40 %, compared to the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of strategic management decisions. The specified method will make it possible to assess the state of information and analytical provision of public administration in the FDCCSDS and to determine effective measures to improve efficiency. The method will allow to analyze possible options for the development of FDCCSDS in each phase of development and moments in time when it is necessary to carry out structural changes that ensure the transition to the next phase. At the same time, subjective factors of choice are taken into account while searching for solutions, which are formalized in the form of weighting coefficients for the components of the integral criterion of efficiency. The specified method allows to increase the speed of assessment of the state of information and analytical support of the FDCCSDS, to reduce the use of computing resources of and decision making support systems, to form measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of information and analytical support