Crisis Of Liberal Democracy Research Articles

Krisis Demokrasi dan Tirani Meritokrasi Menurut Michael Sandel

<p><em>This article aims to introduce the basic thesis of Michael Sandel as described in the book the Tyranny of Merit about the link between the contemporary crisis of democracy and meritocracy. The crisis of democracy today is shown through the increasing wave of right-wing populism in some democratic countries in Europe and the USA. According to Michael Sandel, the crisis of democracy is caused by the policy of meritocracy launched by the liberal democracy that has marginalized the groups of the middle class and working class. Furthermore, the article argues that populist leaders such as Donald Trump succeed in capitalizing on the grievances and frustration of social groups and expressing them as a political agenda. Based on the communitarianism of Michael Sandel, this article offers a solution to strengthen the role of social solidarity and community to cope with individualism and the crisis of liberal democracy. </em></p><p><strong>Key words</strong>:<em> Crisis of democracy, meritocracy, liberalism, communitaranism, Michael Sandel.</em></p>

Crise da Democracia Liberal, Neoliberalismo e Corpos na Rua no Brasil Contemporâneo: Reflexões sobre a política pública de cortes de recursos ao ensino superior público e faíscas insurgentes

This article, methodologically counted with bibliographic review, discuss neoliberalism and the crisis of liberal democracy, taking as object of analysis the decisions concerning budget cuts in public higher education announced by the Federal Executive Power on May 2019. It considers the precariousness of public higher education in Brazil as part of an austerity project that is spreading across the West, and whose scope is the annihilation of democratization, inclusion and participation programs - especially hostile in Latin American territory. Finally, it faces resistances to the process, especially those organized in popular demonstrations by students and teachers, as the powerfull “bodies alliances” that resignify “people” and dispute the “politician” in regression, insurgent sparks in the context of austerities

Profit vs public health: the crisis of liberal democracy and universal healthcare in Africa

No abstract available.

Jurisprudence in the Crisis of Liberal Democracy

Jurisprudence in the Crisis of Liberal Democracy

The crisis of liberal democracy in the mirror of Western political research: statement of the problem

The crisis of liberal democracy in the mirror of Western political research: statement of the problem

Krise der liberalen Demokratie? Nein! Krise des individualistischen Liberalismus

AbstractThe current crisis of liberal democracy is actually a crisis of individualistic liberalism as recent literature shows by its analysis and more often by its example. Whilst social inequality by many authors is seen as main source of the crisis, it is only the consequence of a contradiction inherent in individualistic liberalism: Equal individual liberty leads to social and in the consequence to political inequality because of the inevitable differences in the use of that individual liberty. However, political equality is a necessary condition of individual liberty as a reciprocal right. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome a purely individualistic understanding of liberty that threatens not only democracy but individual liberty itself.

Станет ли Европейский союз мировым центром силы?

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the EU potential to become a real power center in the global politics. No doubt, European Integration is the greatest project of all times. But it is also true that the European Union is currently experiencing the most difficult period in its entire history being under the pressure of several crises – consequences of the world economic and financial crisis, new risks of a global economic slowdown as a result of the coronavirus outbreak, migration crisis, troubled relations with the U.S., China and Russia, etc. The end of the East-West confrontation that removed the threat of a global conflict has resulted in the crisis of the Euro-Atlantic partnership, namely the growing gap between the USA and the EU in the security sector, the emergence of a new China with global ambitions, the rise of a self-assertive post-Soviet Russia and numerous regional actors – India, Japan, Turkey, Iran, Brazil and other. However, the modern polycentric world is strongly influenced by the evolving balance between two opposite trends – the trend towards multilateral cooperation on global challenges and the trend towards a new bipolarity. This new bipolarity is developing within the same capitalist system and can be defined as a growing split between the liberal and authoritarian capitalism. The former is most vividly represented by the European Union, USA and their allies, while the latter – by China and Russia. Strictly speaking, nowadays, the only full-fledged power center is the United States, whose economic and military potential guarantees its political influence in world affairs. China is approaching these standards. The European Union and Russia represent two opposite models. The EU is an economic power center while Russia is a military power center. In order to become an influential power center capable to protect its integrationist model globally, the European Union needs to learn Realpolitik, rethink its previous idealistic approach towards the postbipolar world and acquire strategic autonomy capabilities. Aside from this, the EU leadership should resolve numerous existential problems, beginning with the challenge of nationalism, which is fueled by the crisis of liberal democracy, and ending with the necessity to define future contours of the European construct. The COVID-19 pandemic has made adjustments to the existing postbipolar world order and “Great Power” competition, having weakened two leaders of globalization – USA and China - and opened a new window of opportunity for EU.

КРИЗОВІ ДИСКУРСИ ЛІБЕРАЛЬНОЇ ДЕМОКРАТІЇ: ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД ТА УКРАЇНСЬКІ ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ (ФІЛОСОФСЬКІ РОЗДУМИ)

Виокремлено кризові дискурси ліберальної демократії: симулятивний, екзистенційний, аксіологічний. Симулякр ліберальної демократії ще більше розмиває та знесилює соціально-політичну реальність та поступово відбувається деструкція соціальної та історичної пам’яті. Криза ліберальної демократії набуває екзистенційного забарвлення через її однозначний та безумовний соціальний статус. Суспільство тут лише «зачиняє пастку», з одного боку, надаючи громадянину відчуття важливості для держави, а з іншого – зводячи нанівець можливість для людини об’єктивного сенсу та конкретного визначення на рівні громадянського існування. Криза ліберальної демократії з одного боку конституює деформацію ціннісних орієнтирів людини та суспільства, а з іншого – надає можливість трансформації ціннісних векторів задля подолання кризи.

The End and Continuation of History: Zadie Smith’s Critique of Francis Fukuyama in White Teeth

ABSTRACTZadie Smith’s novel White Teeth has generally been read through the lens of postcolonialism: as a critique of nationalism and as an attempt to give literary form to an emerging multicultural Englishness. Yet postcolonial readings tend to overlook the extent to which the novel’s characters are dysfunctional and struggle with themselves and with each other. Moreover, the extensive focus on multiculturalism has meant that critics have paid little attention to the novel’s rejection of overly optimistic views of history. Throughout the novel, Smith’s narrator mocks characters, time and again, for believing that History (with a capital H) can arrive at a happy ending. Tellingly, however, almost no critics have noted that the novel makes direct reference to Francis Fukuyama’s The End of History and the Last Man. The present essay sets out to show how White Teeth develops a subtle and nuanced critique of Fukuyama’s progressive view of history. It thus presents an overview of Fukuyama’s main hypotheses followed by a close reading of White Teeth. Finally, the article aims to illustrate how Smith’s critique of Fukuyama has turned out to be remarkably prescient, since the identity struggles depicted in White Teeth have anticipated the current crisis of liberal democracy.

The Crisis of Liberal Democracy and the Nationalist Counter-Project. The Problem of the Relationality between an Individual, the Society and the Authority

The Crisis of Liberal Democracy and the Nationalist Counter-Project. The Problem of the Relationality between an Individual, the Society and the Authority

Neoliberal Globalization and the Crisis of Liberal Democracy

Since the mid-1970s neoliberalism has become the dominant public ideology in much of the capitalist world. Championed first in Britain by Margaret Thatcher and then in the US by Ronald Reagan, it w...

The ongoing aftermath to the financial crisis and the Great Recession

This article discusses the consequences of the financial crisis that started in 2008 in the West, and particularly in the United States, as a manifestation of neoliberal capitalism’s multiple failures. In doing so, it focuses on the scholarly contributions of Manuel Castells and his colleagues in two important books: Aftermath: The Cultures of the Economic Crisis (2012) and Another Economy is Possible (2017). Both books are collective works led and edited by Castells. Also included in the review is a third book by Castells, Rupture: The Crisis of Liberal Democracy (2018), which can be read as a statement on some of the political consequences of the 2008 financial crisis and a report on the current crisis of liberal democracy. The contention is that Castells et al. make an important contribution to the socio-economic literature on the financial crisis, its consequences, and the interpretation of the societal changes that ensued and are key to understand our contemporary world. Such contribution, as observed in the three books under review, can be summarized as follows: (1) Castells and colleagues provide cases and examples from around the world in a broad comparative fashion, thus expanding our understanding of a crisis that was essentially a crisis of the West with ramifications in other countries but never a truly global crisis. (2) The approach of Castells and his colleagues is interdisciplinary and goes beyond purely economic arguments to include sociological, political and cultural ideas and insights that help us understand the complexity of the historical period under analysis; readers develop an awareness of the systemic character of the crisis, where all events were closely interrelated; in particular, both micro and macro processes leading to the crisis converged into a mutually dialectical and reinforcing relationship that warrants the contention by the authors that ‘economies’ are ‘cultures.’ (3) The authors in both Aftermath and Another Economy is Possible focus on the (long) aftermath of the crisis, which is still ongoing as of September 2019 around the world; in fact, one of Castells’ main points is that the financial crisis brought about irreversible societal change, ongoing and clearly visible today, as it triggered a significant restructuring of global informational capitalism. (4) The authors provide a focus on one of the reactive consequences of the crisis: alternative economic practices developing in the aftermath of the crisis, under the premise that we might be witnessing the rise of a new economic model based on new, alternative values. (5) Castells provides a discussion (in Rupture) of aspects of the contemporary political landscape a decade after the outset of the financial crisis and the Great Recession.

Climate change and the far right

AbstractIn recent years two crises have populated the imagination of publics: environmental crises, ranging from, for example, water and air pollution to climate change, and the crisis of liberal democracy, illustrated by the rise of far‐right actors across Europe, the United States and beyond. While these environmental and political crises have been analyzed on their own, little research has been done on their nexus. Against this background, this focus article reviews existing academic literature on far‐right climate‐change communication by European party and nonparty actors, that is, climate‐change communication from a distinctively ethno‐nationalist and authoritarian perspective. The far right is not a homogenous entity but best viewed as a continuum, ranging from radical‐right, anti‐liberal democracy actors to extreme‐right, anti‐democracy ones. This contribution to WIREs Climate Change argues that many, though not all, far‐right party and nonparty actors are skeptical towards (anthropogenic) climate change and/or responses to it, at least in comparison to the European mainstream. The article does so by reviewing existing research before formulating areas for further research.This article is categorized under:Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Climate Science and Social Movements

Classe política e crise da democracia na crítica de Antonio Gramsci

No início dos anos 1880 um novo gênero de literatura política começou a ganhar vigor e a expandir-se, a análise crítica das democracias parlamentares existentes. Na Itália, esse gênero teve uma importante expressão na obra de Gaetano Mosca. Antonio Gramsci confrontará essa literatura, preocupado com sua reapropriação e revalorização no debate político a partir do imediato pré-guerra, quando a crise da democracia liberal assumiu contornos mais fortes. O artigo mostra como Gramsci traduz o conceito mosquiano de classe política como “a categoria intelectual do grupo social dominante” e integra-o à sua reflexão sobre os partidos políticos. Desse modo pode interpretar a crise do regime parlamentar como uma crise marcada pela decomposição dessa “categoria intelectual” e pela perda de sua capacidade dirigente. Aquilo que na teoria elitista aparecia como decomposição do princípio de autoridade era interpretada como uma crise de hegemonia, crise do Estado em seu conjunto, da qual o afastamento entre governantes e governados seria a manifestação mais evidente. Na seção conclusiva, apresenta-se a hipótese aventada nos Quaderni del carcere de um regime representativo não parlamentar.

Extreme Inequality and State Capture: The Crisis of Liberal Democracy in The United States

This essay looks behind the failure of representation by the party system and the deep political polarization that marks the rise of populism within liberal democracies to examine two of the basic causes for the 2016 success of Donald Trump: extreme inequality and the exceptional manipulability of the US electoral system. Populism on the right can be found on both sides of the Atlantic, but it is especially dangerous when compared to Western Europe. The interaction between the extremity of US inequality and its uniquely unrepresentative electoral institutions has permitted bigotry to become the platform and strategy of one of its two mainstream political parties, the Republican Party. While this appears to privilege visible “identity” as the main cleavage in the US, this is deceptive, drawing attention away from the central driver of crisis: the concentration of wealth at the very top that permits the capture of democratic institutions.

Globalization and The Two Faces of Crisis of Liberal Democracy : The Political Dynamics of Neoliberalism and Populism

Globalization and The Two Faces of Crisis of Liberal Democracy : The Political Dynamics of Neoliberalism and Populism

Israel A Crisis of Liberal Democracy?

Recent events have brought critics to argue that Israel’s liberal democracy is in crisis. Others have claimed that such allegations are overstated. In this chapter, the author reviews recent events that he characterizes as a ‘counter-revolution’ to the ‘constitutional revolution’. Among others, these include attempts to shift the balance between the Jewish and Democratic characters of the in favor of the former, and to reverse the judicialization processes that characterized Israeli public sphere in the recent three decades. The chapter outlines three different approaches for analysis: first, recent events represent a fulfillment, not undermining, of democracy; second, alarms concerning the danger to the Israeli democracy are greatly exaggerated; and third, Israel is undergoing, or in a dangerous slope towards, a process of constitutional capture. The author argues that while Israel is still a vibrant and strong democracy, there are troublesome processes that might lead Israel towards a dangerous constitutional retrogression.

Present at the Destruction? The Liberal Order in the Trump Era

The election of Donald Trump in 2016 sent shock waves across political classes globally and prompted debates about whether his ‘America first’ agenda threatened the liberal international order. During his first year in office, Trump seemed determined to undermine the hallmarks of the liberal international order: democracy, liberal economics and international cooperation. So, are we witnessing the emergence of a “post-liberal” and “post-American” era? Four sources of evidence help frame – if not answer – the question: history, the crisis of liberal democracy, Trump’s world view, and the power of civil society (globally and nationally) to constrain any US President. They yield three main judgements. First, continuity often trumps change in US foreign policy. Second, the liberal international order may have been more fragile pre-Trump than was widely realised. Third, American power must be put at the service of its own democracy if the US is to become the example to the world it used to be.

Raschke, Carl A. Force of God: Political Theology and the Crisis of Liberal Democracy. New York: Columbia University Press, 2015. xv+189 pp. $55.00 (cloth).

Raschke, Carl A. <i>Force of God: Political Theology and the Crisis of Liberal Democracy</i>. New York: Columbia University Press, 2015. xv+189 pp. $55.00 (cloth).

The Age of Anxiety: The Crisis of Liberal Democracy in a Post-Hegemonic Global Order

The crisis of liberal democracy is closely associated with major global shifts, which have been accelerated by the global financial crisis of 2008, with its dislocating effects in the established democracies of the global centre. Relative stagnation and rising problems of inequality and unemployment, coupled with additional shocks in the form of mass migration and terrorist attacks have generated fertile grounds for the rise of right-wing radical populist sentiments, which have been turned into electoral advantage by charismatic leaders. The crisis of liberal democracy is also a global phenomenon in the sense that liberal democracy has been severely challenged by the rise of strategic models of capitalism, notably its authoritarian version represented by the growing power and influence of the China-Russia coalition. Indeed, the success of the latter has served as a kind of reference for many authoritarian or hybrid regimes in a changing global context, at a time when the key Western powers appear to be losing their previous economic and moral appeal.