Crisis In Conditions Research Articles

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ПАНДЕМІЇ COVID-19

In the current situation of Ukraine, the authorities and business owners face too important a task: to stabilize and balance the economic state of the state through the development of domestic and foreign trade of the country, the economy of Ukraine and the whole world suffered a heavy blow through the COVID-19 pandemic, causing one of the most painful blows in recent decades. In the era of globalization of the economies of the world's states, countries could not quickly respond to the negative impact of the virus on the population, economy and mobilize at this difficult time, so the world economy lost time and suffered losses. For many small businesses, this was a fatal blow and led to bankruptcy. The existing economic systems turned out to be ineffective, they could not influence the onset of the economic crisis. In Ukraine and in the world, small businesses account for the bulk of business, but at the same time they are the most vulnerable part of the economy, the first to suffer from economic fluctuations. Over the past two decades, more and more often the economies of states have been influenced by the global financial crises, which knock them down and force them to seek financial support from each other, rational and economical use of budget funds. The article substantiates effective ways of dealing with the economic crisis in conditions of quarantine restrictions, examines examples of enterprise management in the world economy. Providing people infected with COVID-19 with appropriate medical care and medication is a particularly important measure to prevent the spread of the coronavirus pandemic. These include: informing citizens about the rules of conduct during the coronavirus epidemic and providing health feedback; ensuring effective free diagnostics and testing for COVID-19, and most importantly – providing favorable working conditions for the population in a coronavirus pandemic. That is why the study of the legal basis for the organization and implementation of economic activities in the pandemic COVID-19 is relevant and requires careful analysis.

Corruption: Development Mechanisms, Ways of Prevention (Experience of Computer Modeling with Application of Numerical Methods)

Criminal activity of the corrupted employees of the Russian government institutions of various levels is one of the significant reasons of stay of the country in a condition of crisis. There is an association of considerable part of the operating bureaucracy in uniform antisocial system. A main goal of such a system is achievement of the highest level of the welfare and welfare of friends and relatives. On the other hand, the conglomerate of the interconnected participants of this criminal community, instead of fully performing fully their official duties, realizes plans of the destructive coordinated impact on the state social and economic basis, gaining and strengthening the power influence in political, economic and social spheres. The purpose of the authors of this work is a brief description of the idea of cognitive approach to the system analysis of corruption process. It is presented by simulation model of the avalanche type of special structure for demonstration of the dual mechanism of management of the social explosion caused by corruption. The idea of applying cognitive modeling of corruption process is based on the dialectic concept: control of an internal contradiction. It allows to reflect dynamics of a system condition and to show result of accumulation of a quantitative property with transition to the new quality. In the marked area development of corruption activity leads to explosion, breaking integrity of social and economic system. Cognitive research (in structural aspect) gives us the chance to reveal the mechanism of action of the factors influencing the course of “reproduction” of the corrupted elite. However, some factors promote braking, others, on the contrary, accelerate approach of national accident. Organizational and legal impacts on a source of degradation allow conducting fight against corruption. The Russian mentality, national, cultural features, and legislative basis do not allow adopting fully experience of fight against corruption of some countries, for example, of China, the USA, Singapore, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the ways. In this study, the computer program of the avalanche process is used. Results of the computer experiments realizing the mechanism of double regulation of a condition of the studied phenomenon are given. The model is simple and evident, contains not many parameters and variables, and allows explaining inevitability of social and economic crisis in conditions of the current legislation and the weakened moral and ethical influence on the criminal antisocial union. Provisions and conclusions of this study prove inevitability of catastrophic consequences in social and economic space, but they can be delayed for considerable time due to disciplinary, legal, educational influence.

INTERDEPENDENSI KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN

This research was explaining the influence of managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and the impact to firm performance. We use three stage least square (3SLS) model to test our hypotheses. Sample of the research is all of manufacture companies which of have managerial ownership and institutional ownership and listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange period 1997 -2006. The result was provided that managerial ownership and firm performance has positive influence but not significant. Other evidence is that institutional ownership has significant positive influence to firm performance. The research was proven that managerial ownership and institutional ownership have negative influence. Condition crisis and after crisis has effect to ownership and firm performance. Firm performance does increase when after crisis period opposite that crisis period.